CN112866397B - Data storage method and Internet of vehicles system - Google Patents

Data storage method and Internet of vehicles system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112866397B
CN112866397B CN202110107869.6A CN202110107869A CN112866397B CN 112866397 B CN112866397 B CN 112866397B CN 202110107869 A CN202110107869 A CN 202110107869A CN 112866397 B CN112866397 B CN 112866397B
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data
communication data
type
template
public key
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CN112866397A (en
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刘华
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Zhongke Shuguang Nanjing Computing Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/06—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for block-wise or stream coding, e.g. DES systems or RC4; Hash functions; Pseudorandom sequence generators
    • H04L9/0643—Hash functions, e.g. MD5, SHA, HMAC or f9 MAC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0819—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s)
    • H04L9/0825—Key transport or distribution, i.e. key establishment techniques where one party creates or otherwise obtains a secret value, and securely transfers it to the other(s) using asymmetric-key encryption or public key infrastructure [PKI], e.g. key signature or public key certificates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a data storage method and a vehicle networking system, wherein the data storage method comprises the following steps: the effective node acquires communication data which are not recorded in the chain, performs signature verification on the acquired communication data, and stores the communication data which pass the signature verification in the effective node; the effective node divides the stored communication data according to the type of a preset data template, and arranges the communication data of the same type on leaf nodes of the sub-Mercker trees of the corresponding type; and updating the hash of the root node of each type of the sub-Mercker trees through hash operation, and performing hash operation on the root node of each sub-Mercker tree to obtain the hash of the Mercker root. According to the data storage method of the technical scheme, the problem of high data redundancy of the traditional block chain-based method that one chain can only store one template data is solved, the storage and maintenance cost is saved, and the expandability of the block chain is increased.

Description

Data storage method and Internet of vehicles system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to a data storage method and an Internet of vehicles system.
Background
The Internet of vehicles is concretization of the application of the Internet of things and plays an important role in the field of intelligent transportation. The characteristic that the data information of the block chain technology cannot be tampered is utilized, and the method is applied to the Internet of vehicles, so that the communication safety performance can be improved, and the false information is prevented from being received. Meanwhile, the block chain technology has the characteristic of decentralization, the network blocking problem when the vehicle communicates with a service provider or roadside auxiliary facilities can be avoided, point-to-point communication between the vehicle is directly realized, the communication efficiency is improved, and communication consumption resources are saved.
The traditional block chain-based Mercker tree in the car networking environment only stores single type of data, one chain is newly added by expanding one type of data, the redundancy of the data is greatly increased, the data relationship between the chains is complex, and the operation cost and efficiency among the chains are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a data storage method, which is used for storing data on a sub-Mercker tree in a classified manner according to data types, so that the operation cost of a block chain is reduced, and the efficiency of the block chain is improved.
The invention also aims to provide a vehicle networking system, which can implement the data storage method provided by the invention and reduce the operation cost of the vehicle networking.
The technical scheme is as follows: the data storage method of the invention is used in the effective node of the block chain platform, and comprises the following steps:
the effective node acquires communication data which are not recorded in the chain, performs signature verification on the acquired communication data, and stores the communication data which pass the signature verification in the effective node;
the effective node divides the stored communication data according to the type of a preset data template, and arranges the communication data of the same type on leaf nodes of the sub-Merckel tree of the corresponding type;
and updating the hash of the root node of each type of the sub-Mercker trees through hash operation, and performing hash operation on the root node of each sub-Mercker tree to obtain the hash of the Mercker root.
Further, the step effective node divides the stored communication data according to the type of a preset data template, and the data template for arranging the communication data of the same type to the leaf nodes of the sub-merkel trees of the corresponding type comprises a template message type, a public key of a sender and a public key of a receiver.
Further, the step of the valid node acquiring the communication data that is not recorded in the chain, and performing signature verification on the acquired communication data, and storing the communication data that passes the signature verification in the valid node includes:
the effective node decrypts the communication data by adopting a public key of the sender;
and if the sender public key in the decrypted communication data is consistent with the sender public key used in decryption, the signature verification is passed, and the communication data is stored in the valid node.
The vehicle network system comprises a road side unit, an on-board unit and a violation camera, wherein preset data templates are stored in storage media of the road side unit, the on-board unit and the violation camera, communication data are generated according to the data templates and are synchronized into the road side unit when communication occurs between the road side unit and the on-board unit, between the violation camera and the road side unit and between the on-board units, a computer program is stored in the storage medium of the road side unit, and the computer program is designed to implement the data storage method when executed.
Further, the data template includes a template message type, a sender public key and a receiver public key.
Further, the data template further comprises a message type, a message hash digest and a communication object relationship.
Further, the data template further comprises cost information.
Further, the data template also comprises the license plate number of the violation vehicle and the violation time.
Furthermore, the communication data is synchronized with the public key of the sender into the road side unit after being signed by the private key of the sender.
Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the problem of high data redundancy that one link can only store one template data under the traditional block chain-based vehicle networking environment is solved, and the storage and maintenance cost is saved. Meanwhile, a large amount of template data of different types are placed in the same Mercker tree, and the expandability of the block chain is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a data storage method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of communication data generation between vehicles according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of communication data generation for vehicle toll collection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of communication data generation for a traffic violation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the Mercker tree of the vehicle networking system of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the data storage method according to the embodiment of the present invention is used in an active node of a block chain platform, and specifically includes the following steps:
the effective node acquires communication data which are not recorded in the chain, performs signature verification on the acquired communication data, and stores the communication data which pass the signature verification in the effective node;
the effective node divides the stored communication data according to the type of a preset data template, and arranges the communication data of the same type on leaf nodes of the sub-Merckel tree of the corresponding type;
and updating the hash of the root node of each type of the sub-Mercker trees through hash operation, and performing hash operation on the root node of each sub-Mercker tree to obtain the hash of the Mercker root.
According to the data storage method of the technical scheme, the verified communication data are classified according to the type of the data template and stored under different labels, then the communication data under the same label are respectively arranged on the leaf nodes of the sub-Merck trees corresponding to the label, the hash of the updated sub-Merck trees is calculated from the bottom to the top to the root nodes of the sub-Merck trees, and then the hash of the Merck roots of the Merck trees is generated by carrying out hash operation on the root nodes, namely the roots of the sub-Merck trees are used as the leaf nodes of the Merck roots of the whole chain. The method and the device realize that one chain stores data of a plurality of different templates, solve the problem of high data redundancy and reduce the maintenance cost of storage. When the data type is subsequently produced, the corresponding sub-Mercker tree is only needed to be established for the new data type, and the root node of the sub-Mercker tree is used as the leaf node of the Mercker root, so that the expandability of the block chain is improved.
In some embodiments, the data template includes a template message type, a sender public key and a receiver public key, and after the communication information is generated into communication data according to the data template on the platform, the communication data is signed and then synchronized to the valid node. The template message type is used for distinguishing the type of the communication data, the public key of the sender and the public key of the receiver are used for further classifying the communication data of the same type according to the communication object, and meanwhile, the public key of the sender is also used for carrying out signature verification on the communication data by the valid node and verifying whether the communication data is valid data.
In some embodiments, the step of the valid node acquiring unregistered communication data on the chain and performing signature verification on the acquired communication data, and the storing the communication data passing the signature verification in the valid node includes:
the effective node decrypts the communication data by adopting a public key of the sender;
and if the sender public key in the decrypted communication data is consistent with the sender public key used in decryption, the signature verification is passed, and the communication data is stored in the valid node.
If the communication data does not pass the signature verification, the communication data is abandoned as invalid data, and storage resources are saved.
It is understood that the data template may also contain other information, such as user name, license plate number, cost, etc., depending on the application scenario.
The vehicle networking system comprises a road side unit, an on-board unit and a violation camera, wherein preset data templates are stored in storage media of the road side unit, the on-board unit and the violation camera, and communication data can be generated according to the data templates and synchronized to the road side unit when communication occurs between the road side unit and the on-board unit, between the violation camera and the road side unit and between the on-board units. The vehicle networking system for implementing the data storage method when executed is stored in the storage medium of the road side unit. It can be understood that the car networking system can also comprise equipment such as self-service parking charging piles, self-service charging piles and self-service oiling machines according to business requirements.
Referring to fig. 2-4, in some embodiments, the generation process of the communication template is illustrated with the above-described internet of vehicles system. According to the communication object, the data templates can be divided into three types, wherein the first type is used for generating communication data among vehicles and between the vehicles and road side units, the second type is used for generating communication data of vehicle cost, and the third type is used for generating communication data of traffic violation.
Data templates between vehicles and roadside units are as follows:
{
T-Type:’DSRC’,
Sender:A public key,
Receiver:B public key,
M-Type:RES,
Msg:hash(A-RES-message),
Communication object：V2V
}
taking AB two-vehicle communication as an example, wherein the Type of template message is filled in by T-Type, and the Type of template message between vehicles or between vehicles and roadside units is recorded as DSRC; the Sender fills in a public key of a Sender, wherein the public key of the vehicle-mounted unit of the vehicle A is filled in the Sender; the Receiver fills in a public key of a Receiver, wherein the public key of the vehicle-mounted unit of the vehicle B is filled in; the M-Type is filled in the template message record, namely the request or the confirmation, RES represents the request, and ACK represents the confirmation; the MSG fills in the message hash digest of the message recorded by the template, and the message content is the hash value of the A-RES-message, namely the sha256(A-Res-message) hexdigest () - > 64-bit hexadecimal hash digest; communication object fills the relationship of message objects, vehicle to vehicle is denoted as V2V, and vehicle to roadside unit is denoted as V2R.
Referring to fig. 2, while communicating with the vehicle B, the vehicle a generates communication data DSRC a according to the data templates of the inter-vehicle unit and the vehicle-roadside unit, signs the DSRC a with a private key Aprivatekey of the on-vehicle unit of the vehicle a, that is, obtains signed _ message _ a using a signature function encryption _ sign (DSRC a, Aprivatekey) - > signed _ message _ a, and sends the obtained signed _ message _ a and the public key aprincekey of the on-vehicle unit of the vehicle a to the RSU. After receiving the verification result, the RSU decrypts the signed _ message _ a by using the apulickey sent by the vehicle a, that is, obtains the plaintext DSRC a-RSU by using the decryption function decryption _ signal (signed _ message _ a, apulickey) - > DSRC a-RSU, and verifies whether the vehicle a sends the verification result, that is, if the verification result is that the vehicle a sends the verification result, the vehicle a sends the verification result to the RSU.
After receiving the request message sent by the vehicle a, the vehicle B replies an acknowledgement message B-ACK-message to the vehicle a, and this message also generates the communication data DSRC B according to the data template and synchronizes to the drive test unit, which is similar to the above process and will not be described herein again.
The data template for vehicle cost is as follows:
{
T-Type:’FEES’，
Sender:RSU public key，
Receiver:B public key，
M-Type:RES，
Msg:hash(FEES RSU)，
Fees：10
}
the template message type for vehicle cost is denoted as FEES. Referring to fig. 3, since the communication data of the vehicle cost is filled in and sent out by the road side unit, and the road side unit itself is an effective node, the communication data generated by the data template can be directly stored under a corresponding tag without signature verification and stored as fess RSU-RSU. Meanwhile, the charged vehicles can reply corresponding confirmation information after receiving the charging information sent by the road side unit, and the processing process of the information is similar to the communication data among the vehicles.
The data templates for traffic violations are as follows:
{
T-Type:’Traffic-vio’,
Sender:Camera public key,
Receiver:RSU public key,
License plate：’Car NO.’,
Vio-time:’11:00’
}
the type of the template information of the Traffic violation is recorded as Traffic-Vio, the License plate fills the License plate number of the vehicle violating the Traffic violation, and the Vio-time fills the time of the Traffic violation. The data communication of traffic violation is mainly generated between the road side unit and the violation camera, and the specific signature verification process is similar to the verification process between vehicles, and is not repeated herein.
In some embodiments, the merck tree generated by the car networking system according to the data storage method is shown in fig. 5, and the roadside unit divides the communication data passing the signature verification according to the Type of the template message filled in the T-Type in the lighting text. Because communication data of vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-roadside unit and vehicle cost have the characteristic of receiving and sending traffic, namely (RES-ACK), the matching of the corresponding communication data is verified after signature verification. Taking communication between two AB workshops as an example, it is necessary to verify that matching verification is passed when if (dsrc.t-Type ═ DSRC ') if (DSRC B.T-Type ═ DSRC') & & if (DSRC a.sender ═ DSRC b.receiver) & & if (DSRC a.receiver ═ DSRC b.sensor) ═ TRUE. DSRC A and DSRC B Hash values are calculated and placed on sibling leaf nodes of the sub-Merck trees of DSRC, namely Hash (DSRC A) -HDSRC A and Hash (DSRC B) -HDSRC B, then parent nodes Hash (HDSRC A and HDSRC B) are generated, the parent nodes are generated with the sibling nodes of the sub-tree of the same type until the Merck root of the sub-tree and the rest of the sub-Merck trees are in the same mode, and finally the root of each sub-Merck tree generates the Merck root of the whole chain, and the generation of the Merck trees is completed.

Claims (9)

1. A data storage method is used in an effective node of a block chain platform, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the effective node acquires communication data which are not recorded in the chain, performs signature verification on the acquired communication data, and stores the communication data which pass the signature verification in the effective node;
the effective node divides the stored communication data according to the type of a preset data template, and arranges the communication data of the same type on leaf nodes of the sub-Mercker trees of the corresponding type;
updating the hash of the root node of each type of sub-Merckel tree through hash operation, and performing hash operation on the root node of each sub-Merckel tree to obtain the hash of the Merckel root;
the data template comprises three types, wherein the first type is used for generating communication data among vehicles and between the vehicles and road side units, the second type is used for generating communication data of vehicle cost, and the third type is used for generating communication data of traffic violation.
2. The data storage method according to claim 1, wherein the step effective node divides the stored communication data according to a type of a preset data template, and the data template for sorting the communication data of the same type into leaf nodes of sub-merkel trees of corresponding types includes a template message type, a sender public key and a receiver public key.
3. The data storage method according to claim 2, wherein the step of the active node acquiring the communication data which is not recorded in the chain and performing signature verification on the acquired communication data, and storing the communication data which passes the signature verification in the active node comprises:
the effective node decrypts the communication data by adopting a public key of the sender;
and if the sender public key in the decrypted communication data is consistent with the sender public key used in decryption, the signature verification is passed, and the communication data is stored in the valid node.
4. An Internet of vehicles system comprises a road side unit, an on-board unit and a violation camera, and is characterized in that preset data templates are stored in storage media of the road side unit, the on-board unit and the violation camera, communication data can be generated according to the data templates and synchronized into the road side unit when communication occurs between the road side unit and the on-board unit, between the violation camera and the road side unit and between the on-board units, and a computer program is further stored in the storage media of the road side unit and is designed to implement the data storage method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 when executed.
5. The vehicle networking system of claim 4, wherein the data template comprises a template message type, a sender public key, and a receiver public key.
6. The vehicle networking system of claim 5, wherein the data template further comprises a message type, a message hash digest, and a communication object relationship.
7. The vehicle networking system of claim 5, wherein the data template further comprises cost information.
8. The internet of vehicles system of claim 5, wherein the data template further includes a violation vehicle license plate number and a violation time.
9. The vehicle networking system according to claim 4, wherein the communication data is synchronized with a sender public key into the RSU after being signed by the sender private key.
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