CN112865604B - Low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with wide working range - Google Patents
Low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with wide working range Download PDFInfo
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- CN112865604B CN112865604B CN202110236860.5A CN202110236860A CN112865604B CN 112865604 B CN112865604 B CN 112865604B CN 202110236860 A CN202110236860 A CN 202110236860A CN 112865604 B CN112865604 B CN 112865604B
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013017 mechanical damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/185—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using fluid streams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wind energy collectors, in particular to a low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with a wide working range. The wind load generator has the advantages that the structure is reasonable and compact, the use is convenient, the blunt body segments with different cross section shapes are arranged, so that the wind load borne by the blunt body has different characteristics, and the working wind speed range is widened; the damping holes are formed in the piezoelectric composite beam, so that mechanical damping of the collector is reduced, the cut-in wind speed of the collector is reduced, meanwhile, the damping holes have a stress concentration effect, stress of the piezoelectric layer is increased, electrical output of the collector is improved, and power supply to corresponding wireless sensing nodes is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind energy collectors, in particular to a low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with a wide working range.
Background
The micro-miniature wind energy collector for converting wind energy in the environment into electric energy has the advantages of long service life, no need of charging, no pollution and the like, is particularly suitable for supplying power to wireless sensing nodes and the like, receives wide attention at home and abroad in recent years, and along with the development of technologies such as microelectronics, communication, sensors and the like, the average power consumption of the wireless sensing nodes is reduced, so that the wind energy collector for supplying power to the wireless sensing nodes does not need high output power and generally only needs dozens of microwatts to several milliwatts, and therefore the size of the collector is mostly in the centimeter magnitude.
Wind-induced vibration can be of various types, wherein the wind energy collector based on galloping has the advantages of simple structure and high electrical output, the wind-induced vibration wind energy collector converts wind energy into structural vibration energy based on the wind-induced vibration phenomenon, and further converts the structural vibration energy into electric energy by utilizing the principles of piezoelectric effect, electromagnetic induction and the like, the collector can generate larger electrical output only when the wind speed is larger than the cut-in wind speed of the wind-induced vibration wind energy collector, but the electrical output is sharply reduced when the wind speed is larger than a certain specific value, so that the wind-induced vibration wind energy collector can only normally work in certain specific wind speed areas, and the wind speed areas are often called as working wind speed ranges;
however, because the wind speed variation range in the natural environment is large, the existing piezoelectric wind energy collector cannot adapt to the variation of the wind speed range due to the narrow working wind speed range, so that the output of the piezoelectric wind energy collector is reduced, and further the corresponding wireless sensing node cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with a wide working range, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problem that the output of the piezoelectric wind energy collector is reduced and the corresponding wireless sensing node cannot work normally because the working wind speed range of the conventional piezoelectric wind energy collector is narrow and cannot adapt to the change of the wind speed range.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: the low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with the wide working range comprises a base, a piezoelectric composite beam and a blunt body, wherein the blunt body comprises at least two sections with different section shapes, the piezoelectric composite beam is fixedly connected between the outer side of the middle of the blunt body and the base, the piezoelectric composite beam comprises at least one piezoelectric layer, the upper surface and the lower surface of each piezoelectric layer are respectively provided with a metal layer, and a plurality of damping holes which are communicated up and down are formed in the piezoelectric composite beam at intervals.
The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the technical scheme of the invention:
the piezoelectric composite beam may include a piezoelectric layer and a structural layer, and a lower side of the metal layer on a lower surface of the piezoelectric layer and an upper side of the structural layer are bonded together.
The piezoelectric composite beam may include two piezoelectric layers, and the lower side of the metal layer on the lower surface of the upper piezoelectric layer and the upper side of the metal layer on the upper surface of the lower piezoelectric layer are bonded together.
The piezoelectric composite beam may include a structural layer and two piezoelectric layers, a lower side of the metal layer on the lower surface of the upper piezoelectric layer and an upper side of the structural layer being bonded together, and a lower side of the structural layer and an upper side of the metal layer on the upper surface of the lower piezoelectric layer being bonded together.
The damping holes may be holes of different horizontal cross-sectional shapes.
The wind load generator has the advantages that the structure is reasonable and compact, the use is convenient, the blunt body segments with different section shapes are arranged, so that the wind load borne by a blunt body has different characteristics, and the working wind speed range is widened; the damping holes are formed in the piezoelectric composite beam, so that mechanical damping of the collector is reduced, the cut-in wind speed of the collector is reduced, meanwhile, the damping holes have a stress concentration effect, stress of the piezoelectric layer is increased, electrical output of the collector is improved, and power supply to corresponding wireless sensing nodes is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the blunt body shown in fig. 1.
The codes in the figures are respectively: 1 is the base, 2 is the blunt body, 3 is the piezoelectric layer, 4 is the structural layer, 5 is the metal level, 6 is the damping hole, 7 is the piezoelectric composite roof beam, 8 is first positive triangular prism, 9 is first cylinder, 10 is first positive hexagonal prism, 11 is first positive quadrangular prism, 12 is the quadrangular prism, 13 is the positive quadrangular prism of second, 14 is the positive hexagonal prism of second, 15 is the second cylinder, 16 is the positive triangular prism of second.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
In the present invention, for convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of the components is described according to the layout pattern in the direction a in fig. 1 of the specification, such as: the positional relationship of front, rear, upper, lower, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of the direction A in FIG. 1 of the specification.
The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples and figures:
the first embodiment is as follows: as shown in the attached drawing 1, the low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with the wide working range comprises a base 1, a piezoelectric composite beam 7 and a blunt body 2, wherein the blunt body 2 comprises at least two sections with different cross-sectional shapes, the piezoelectric composite beam 7 is fixedly connected between the outer side of the middle part of the blunt body 2 and the base 1, the piezoelectric composite beam 7 comprises at least one piezoelectric layer 3, the upper surface and the lower surface of each piezoelectric layer 3 are respectively provided with a metal layer 5, and a plurality of damping holes 6 which are communicated up and down are arranged on the piezoelectric composite beam 7 at intervals.
The piezoelectric layer 3 can be a piezoelectric material such as PZT, PMN-PZT, PVDF, alN, znO, etc., as required; the metal layer 5 is used for collecting charges and supplying power for wireless sensing nodes and the like;
the damping holes 6 are arranged to facilitate reducing mechanical damping during wind-induced vibration and reducing the cut-in speed of the wind energy collector, on one hand, the reduction of the mechanical damping increases the vibration amplitude of the wind energy collector, on the other hand, the arrangement of the damping holes 6 has a stress concentration effect, so that the stress in the piezoelectric layer 3 near the damping holes 6 is increased, the stress variation amplitude in the piezoelectric layer 3 during vibration is further increased, and the electrical output of the wind energy collector is improved;
the blunt body 2 comprises at least two sections with different cross-sectional shapes and different cross-sectional sizes, as shown in fig. 5, the blunt body 2 may comprise a first regular triangular prism 8, a first cylinder 9, a first regular hexagonal prism 10, a first regular quadrangular prism 11, a quadrangular prism 12, a second regular quadrangular prism 13, a second regular hexagonal prism 14, a second cylinder 15 and a second regular triangular prism 16 which are sequentially connected together from front to back, and different cross-sectional shapes and cross-sectional sizes are adopted to enable wind loads on different sections of the blunt body 2 to have different characteristics, so that the range of working wind speed can be effectively widened by using the blunt body 2, and the adaptability to wind speed is good.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
when the wind load is acted, if the wind speed is greater than the galloping cut-in wind speed and less than the highest working wind speed, the bluff body 2 generates wind-induced vibration on the piezoelectric composite beam 7, alternating stress is generated in the piezoelectric layer 3 in the piezoelectric composite beam 7, due to the piezoelectric effect, alternating potential difference is generated between the metal layers 5 on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric layer 3, the wireless sensing nodes and the like can be powered by utilizing the potential difference, the wind load borne by different sections of the bluff body 2 has different characteristics by arranging the sections of the bluff body 2 with different section shapes, the working wind speed range is widened, meanwhile, the damping holes 6 are formed in the piezoelectric composite beam 7, mechanical damping of the collector is favorably reduced, the cut-in wind speed of the collector is reduced, meanwhile, the damping holes 6 have a stress concentration effect, the stress of the piezoelectric layer is increased, the electrical output of the collector is improved, and power supply is facilitated for the corresponding wireless sensing nodes.
The low-damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with the wide working range can be further optimized or/and improved according to actual needs:
the second embodiment: as shown in fig. 2, the piezoelectric composite beam 7 includes a piezoelectric layer 3 and a structural layer 4, and the lower side of the metal layer 5 on the lower surface of the piezoelectric layer 3 and the upper side of the structural layer 4 are bonded together.
Wherein, the structural layer 4 can be metal, polymer or elastic material such as Si; by this arrangement, the piezoelectric layer 3 is used to generate alternating stress, and the structural layer 4 is used to support the piezoelectric layer 3, thereby improving the elasticity of the piezoelectric layer 3.
Example three: as shown in fig. 3, the piezoelectric composite beam 7 includes two piezoelectric layers 3, and the lower side of the metal layer 5 on the lower surface of the upper piezoelectric layer 3 and the upper side of the metal layer 5 on the upper surface of the lower piezoelectric layer 3 are bonded together. Through setting up two-layer piezoelectric layer 3, be favorable to improving the stress that produces the alternation in the piezoelectric layer 3 to strengthen the potential difference between the metal level 5 of piezoelectric layer 3 upper and lower surface, be convenient for to power supply such as wireless sensing node.
Example four: as shown in fig. 4, the piezoelectric composite beam 7 includes a structural layer 4 and two piezoelectric layers 3, the lower side of the metal layer 5 on the lower surface of the upper piezoelectric layer 3 and the upper side of the structural layer 4 are bonded together, and the lower side of the structural layer 4 and the upper side of the metal layer 5 on the upper surface of the lower piezoelectric layer 3 are bonded together.
Through the arrangement, the elasticity of the piezoelectric composite beam 7 and the output potential difference are improved, and power supply to the wireless sensing node and the like is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 1, the orifice 6 is a hole having a different horizontal sectional shape.
The damping holes 6 can be circular, oval, triangular, square, hexagonal and the like, and mechanical damping is controlled by changing the shape, size and density of the damping holes 6.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a low damping speed vibration formula piezoelectricity wind energy collector with wide working range, a serial communication port, piezoelectricity composite beam and bluff body, fixedly connected with piezoelectricity composite beam between the bluff body middle part outside and the base, piezoelectricity composite beam includes at least one piezoelectric layer, the upper and lower surface of every piezoelectric layer all has the metal level, the interval is equipped with a plurality of damping holes that link up from top to bottom on the piezoelectricity composite beam, the bluff body includes by preceding first positive triangular prism that links together in proper order after to, first cylinder, first positive hexagonal prism, first positive quadrangular, second positive hexagonal prism, second cylinder and second positive triangular prism.
2. The low damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy harvester with wide working range of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric composite beam comprises a piezoelectric layer and a structural layer, and the lower side of the metal layer on the lower surface of the piezoelectric layer is bonded with the upper side of the structural layer.
3. The low damping piezoelectric wind harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric composite beam comprises two piezoelectric layers, and the lower side of the metal layer on the lower surface of the upper piezoelectric layer is bonded to the upper side of the metal layer on the upper surface of the lower piezoelectric layer.
4. The low damping piezoelectric wind harvester of claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric composite beam comprises a structural layer and two piezoelectric layers, the lower side of the metal layer on the lower surface of the upper piezoelectric layer is bonded to the upper side of the structural layer, and the lower side of the structural layer is bonded to the upper side of the metal layer on the upper surface of the lower piezoelectric layer.
5. The low damping relaxation vibration type piezoelectric wind energy collector with the wide working range according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the damping holes are holes with different horizontal section shapes.
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| CN114285323A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 安徽工程大学 | Vibration energy collector device |
| WO2023221063A1 (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-11-23 | 深圳市韶音科技有限公司 | Piezoelectric transducer, acoustic output device and sound transmission device |
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