CN112865068A - Linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for dual-power switching device - Google Patents

Linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for dual-power switching device Download PDF

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CN112865068A
CN112865068A CN201911179594.6A CN201911179594A CN112865068A CN 112865068 A CN112865068 A CN 112865068A CN 201911179594 A CN201911179594 A CN 201911179594A CN 112865068 A CN112865068 A CN 112865068A
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power supply
voltage
power grid
compensation
standby
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CN112865068B (en
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何宇
汪永茂
邢小平
鄢伦
于帅
赵雨田
王云帆
张辉睿
雷秉霖
冯雷
戴岳
黄犇
李兴东
吴大立
孙朝晖
蓝宇
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719th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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Abstract

The invention discloses a linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for a double power supply switching device, which is used for performing compensation control on a circuit with a plurality of independent power grid power supplies, wherein the circuit comprises a plurality of power grid power supplies which are independent from each other, each power grid power supply is provided with a respective load transformer and a respective load, each power grid power supply is connected to the load transformer through a corresponding power grid power supply switch and is connected to the output of a standby power supply branch, the standby power supply branch comprises a storage battery, an inverter and a plurality of parallel switches, and the communication between the standby power supply branch and each power grid power supply is independently controlled by one parallel switch. The linear attenuation voltage compensation method can smoothly remove the compensation voltage, reduce the impact on the system and effectively eliminate the excitation surge current in the process of switching the double power supplies.

Description

Linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for dual-power switching device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electronic circuits, in particular to a linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for a dual-power switching device.
Background
The general energy storage as the standby power supply of the power grid has two working states: a hot standby operating state and a cold standby operating state. The hot standby state is that the energy storage device is directly connected to the power supply of the power grid in parallel, and under a normal condition, the voltage frequency of the energy storage device is consistent with the voltage frequency of the power supply of the power grid, namely, the energy storage device is in an energy storage grid-connected working state. In the cold standby state, the energy storage device does not run in parallel with the power grid power supply, and the voltage angular frequency of the energy storage device is not always consistent with the power grid power supply.
This situation will generate field redundancy, which will have a significant negative impact on the grid as well as on the load.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of such circumstances, the applicant has made extensive studies and has proposed a method capable of effectively compensating for such excitation redundancy, and the present invention has been made byLinearityThe problem that exists among the prior art has effectively been solved to the compensation mode.
The invention provides a linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for a double power supply switching device, which is characterized in that the method is used for compensation control of a circuit with a plurality of independent power grid power supplies, the circuit comprises a plurality of mutually independent power grid power supplies, each power grid power supply is provided with a respective load transformer and a respective load, each power grid power supply is connected to the load transformer thereof through a corresponding power grid power supply switch and is connected to the output of a standby power supply branch, the standby power supply branch comprises a storage battery, an inverter and a plurality of parallel switches, the communication between the standby power supply branch and each power grid power supply is independently controlled by one parallel switch,
the control method comprises the following steps of controlling each circuit power supply as follows:
(1) measuring the voltage or current of the power grid power supply to judge whether the current power grid power supply fails or not based on whether the voltage or current exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
(2) if the power grid power supply fails, disconnecting the switch of the current power grid power supply;
(3) measuring the current respective phase and amplitude of the three-phase output of the standby power supply;
(4) determining respective expected voltage outputs of the three-phase outputs of the standby power branch based on the respective phases and amplitudes of the three-phase outputs, and calculating expected voltage flux values corresponding to the voltages based on the expected voltage outputs
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000021
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000022
Wherein U isaltIs the amplitude of the standby supply voltage, thetaaltIs the standby supply voltage phase.
(5) Measuring the amplitude and phase angle of the output voltage of the three phases of the power grid power supply at the moment of the current power grid power supply failure;
(6) calculating respective remanence of three-phase iron cores in the load transformer based on output voltages of the three phases of the power grid power supply
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000023
Before the network power supply is disconnected, the load transformer voltage is equal to the network power supply voltage, so that
Utr sin(ωt+θtr)＝Upre sin(ωt+θpre)
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000024
Wherein U istrAnd thetatrIs the amplitude and phase angle, U, of the load transformer voltagepreAnd thetapreIs the amplitude and phase angle, t, of the voltage of the mains supplydisThe moment of disconnection of the power supply of the power grid;
(7) calculating the difference K between the expected voltage flux corresponding to the current output voltage of each phase of the standby power supply branch circuit and the residual magnetism in the iron core of the corresponding phase in the load transformer,
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000031
(8) calculating compensation voltage of each phase based on difference of remanence of each phase
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000032
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000033
In the formula of UAB，comp0，UBC，comp0，UCA，comp0Initial values of the attenuation compensation voltages, T, for the line voltages AB, BC, CA, respectivelycompFor the voltage compensation time, T is the voltage one-cycle time, and K is the magnetic flux direct-current component to be generated in each coil;
(9) and starting a standby power switch, and adjusting the output voltage of the three phases of the inverter, so that the output of the three phases of the inverter is respectively superposed with respective compensation voltage.
Preferably, the operating parameters of the load transformer are: 50kVA, 380V/220V.
Preferably, each grid power supply is: line voltage 380V, 50 Hz.
Preferably, the switch of the grid power supply is a transistor switch.
The invention can make full use of the performance of the standby power supply to backup and support a plurality of power grid systems. The linear attenuation voltage compensation method can smoothly remove the compensation voltage, reduce the impact on the system and effectively eliminate the excitation redundant current in the process of switching the double power supplies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a single standby, multiple grid circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of one of the paths in the power grid of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a power switching process;
FIG. 4 is a voltage flux schematic of a no voltage compensation strategy;
FIG. 5 is a voltage flux schematic of the pad voltage compensation strategy of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a switching waveform without the flux compensation control of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a switching waveform after the compensation method of the present invention is employed;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a manner of implementing effective standby power supply for multiple power supply branches by using a single standby power supply, where each standby branch is to provide standby power supply support for multiple normally powered branches. In this way, cost can be effectively saved.
Fig. 1 shows a typical power supply system comprising an energy storage device and a grid power supply, and it can be seen that there are several independently powered grid power supplies, which supply power to respective sensitive loads through transformers. On the premise of lower cost, in order to improve the power supply reliability of the system, an energy storage device is used as a standby power supply of the whole system. The energy storage device is connected with each power grid power supply through a parallel switch, so that when one power grid power supply fails, the energy storage device can supply power to a sensitive load through the corresponding parallel switch. The energy storage device is generally kept in parallel with the first power grid power supply, namely the first parallel switch is kept in a normally closed state, the energy storage device is charged by using the first power grid power supply in a normal working state, and when the first power grid power supply has a voltage drop fault, the first power grid power supply switch is disconnected after the system detects the fault, and the energy storage device is switched to independently supply power to the sensitive load. And the second parallel switch to the nth parallel switch are kept in a normally open state, the energy storage device does not run in parallel with the second power grid power supply to the nth power grid power supply in a normal state, when one power supply fails, after the system detects the failure, the first parallel switch of the energy storage device is switched off, the power grid power supply switch with the failure is switched off, and the parallel switch corresponding to the power grid power supply with the failure is switched on, so that the corresponding load is switched to the power supply state of the energy storage system from the power supply state of the power grid power supply. During the switching process, excitation surge current is generated, and the influence of the excitation surge current can be reduced to the maximum extent.
Fig. 2 shows the power supply situation of any one of the grid power sources. The energy storage device is used as a standby power supply of the double-power switching device.
As will be described in detail with reference to the circuit in fig. 2, when the power supply of the power grid fails, the driving of the thyristor of the common power supply switch is stopped, and a signal indicating the disconnection of the thyristor of the common power supply is detected, and if it is detected that the common power supply is disconnected, a thyristor driving signal of the standby power supply at the side of the energy storage device is sent out, so that the energy storage device supplies power to the load side. In the present embodiment, the analysis of the magnetic flux in the load transformer is performed based on a DELTA/Y core transformer widely used in the power grid.
The magnetic flux of each leg core is generated by the voltage of each line (each phase). Each flux can be integrated from the line voltage as shown in equation (1):
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000051
in the formula uAB(t)、uBC(t)、uCA(t) is the instantaneous value of the three-phase line voltage at time t, #tr(t) is an instantaneous value of the magnetic flux in the core leg corresponding to each line voltage at time t.
During steady-state operation, the three-phase voltages of the load side transformer are symmetrical, and the sum of the instantaneous values of the three-phase voltages is zero. As shown in formula (2):
uAB,tr(t)+uBC,tr(t)+uCA,tr(t)＝0 (2)
since the magnetic flux is calculated by integrating the voltage, correspondingly, the sum of instantaneous values of the magnetic flux in the three core legs of the three-phase transformer on the load side is also zero, as shown in equation (3):
ψAB,tr(t)+ψBC,tr(t)+ψCA,tr(t)＝0 (3)
fig. 4 shows the transient state of the load-side line voltage and the core leg magnetic flux in the transformer during the switching process. The 3 dashed lines in fig. 4 divide the process into 4 stages: the method comprises a power supply stage, a fault detection stage, a common power supply disconnection stage, a zero stage and a standby power supply stage.
The switched values of the magnetic fluxes of the core legs of the phases can be calculated by the following formula (4):
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000061
firstly, the power grid power supply is normal, the power grid power supply supplies power to a load, the voltage of a load side line is equal to the voltage of a power line of the power grid, the load side line is a standard three-phase sine wave, and the magnetic flux in a corresponding iron core column is an integral value of the magnetic flux, so that the magnetic flux waveform is a standard sine wave lagging behind the voltage waveform of the line by 90 degrees.
In fig. 4, when the grid power supply voltage value drops to 0.5p.u., it can be seen that the voltage waveform abruptly changes at the time of the fault, and is discontinuous before and after the fault, and the magnetic flux waveform is continuous before and after the fault because the magnetic flux has continuity. Before the power supply of the power grid is completely disconnected and the standby power supply is connected, the power grid is in a zero-position stage, the voltage of a load side line is 0 in the zero-position stage, and the magnetic flux is kept unchanged in the corresponding stage. As shown in formula (5).
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000062
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000063
Equation (6) can be written as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000064
psi in the formulaalt(t) is the periodic component of the flux after the switching process generated by the standby supply voltage.
And the switched magnetic flux can be expressed as the sum of a periodic component (i.e., the magnetic flux generated by the backup power supply) and a dc component generated during the switching process, as shown in equation (8).
ψtr(t)＝ψalt(t)+K (8)
Therefore, the expression of the magnetic flux direct current component K can be obtained as shown in the formula (9):
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000071
as can be seen from the above equation, the dc component of the magnetic flux after switching is the difference between the two components. The first part
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000072
Is the residual magnetism in the core limb after the power supply of the power grid is completely cut off, and the second part
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000073
The quasi-magnetic flux is formed in the iron core column at the instant of switching on the standby power supply.
Therefore, the dc component of the magnetic flux of each phase of the switched load transformer is: the difference between the expected magnetic flux value of the standby power supply voltage at the closing time and the residual magnetic value of the transformer is shown as the following formula:
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000074
based on the value of the magnetic flux direct current component generated at the switching moment, the invention adds the voltage direct current component with the corresponding value into each phase voltage of the standby power supply and maintains the voltage direct current component for a period of time, thereby eliminating the magnetic flux direct current component in the switching process in a short time.
And the calculation formula of the linear attenuation voltage compensation is formula (11):
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000075
in the above equation, T is the compensation voltage time, Δ ψ is the compensated magnetic flux value, U is the voltage value of constant voltage compensation, U0The initial value of the voltage compensated for the linear decay voltage. Let Δ ψ be equal to K, which is an estimated value of the direct-current component of the magnetic flux, i.e., the difference between the expected magnetic flux value of the backup power supply voltage at the time of switching on and the transformer residual magnetic value. Thereby it is obtainedThe dc component of the magnetic flux generated during switching can be eliminated.
It is known that voltage compensation by a line voltage effective value of one quarter of a cycle can cancel a flux peak, as shown in equation (12). Which can be used to conveniently calculate the compensation voltage.
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000076
The advantage of the linear attenuation voltage compensation method is that the compensation voltage will gradually attenuate to zero, and will not cause impact when removing.
For each item, there are
Figure RE-GDA0002408677710000081
In the formula of UAB，comp0，UBC，comp0，UCA，comp0Initial values of the attenuation compensation voltages, T, for the line voltages AB, BC, CA, respectivelycompThe compensation time is voltage (can be set according to requirements), T is voltage one-cycle time, and K is a magnetic flux direct-current component to be generated in each coil;
next, real-time values of the compensation voltages are calculated based on the following formula,
UAB real time＝UAB，comp0*t/Tcomp，
UBC real time＝UBC，comp0*t/Tcomp，
UCA real time＝UCA，comp0*t/Tcomp，
Wherein t is the remaining compensation time;
then, the output voltages of the three phases of the inverter are adjusted so that the outputs of the three phases of the inverter are superimposed with respective real-time values of the compensation voltage. U shapeAB real time、UBC real time、UCA real timeRespectively, representing the compensation for the line voltage between the phases.
The switching process with no voltage compensation is shown in fig. 4, the switching process with constant voltage compensation is shown in fig. 5,
it can be seen that without voltage compensation, the dc component of the flux reaches 50% of the normal value after switching. The DC component of the magnetic flux is basically eliminated by adopting the attenuation voltage compensation switching strategy.
In order to verify the correctness of the control method, a simulation calculation is first performed to test the control method. The simulation calculations were performed in the MATLAB/Simulink platform. The corresponding parameters are as follows.
1) A transformer: 50kVA, 380V/220V, delta/Y connection mode and a nonlinear two-section line model;
2) a power grid power supply: line voltage 380V, 50 Hz;
3) loading: 16kW, 12 kVar;
4) electric power transmission line: l isline＝2mH，Rline＝0.1Ω。
Fig. 7 shows the load transformer voltage flux current waveform during switching by the control method employing the linear attenuation voltage compensation process after switching. After detecting that the power supply of the power grid is completely cut off, the same detection result is obtained. At this time, when the linear attenuation voltage compensation switching strategy is adopted and the voltage compensation time is also adopted for 10ms, the voltage effective value of which the initial value of the compensation voltage of the AB line voltage is 0.4570 times, the compensation direct-current voltage of the BC line voltage is-0.4910 times, and the compensation direct-current voltage of the CA line voltage is 0.0334 times can be calculated. The line voltage on which the above-described attenuated direct current component is superimposed is output by controlling the output voltage of the inverter. After the line voltages are compensated for the dc voltage for 10ms, the dc component of the line voltages is attenuated to zero, and the inverter voltage is smoothly switched to an ac voltage state.
Similarly, it can be found that the magnetic fluxes of the phases of the transformer have no large direct current component after switching, and it can be seen that the direct current component of the AB-phase magnetic flux is about 5%, and accordingly, the load-side current has no overcurrent phenomenon after switching. It can be seen that the linear attenuation voltage compensation method of the invention can smoothly remove the compensation voltage and reduce the impact on the system.
1. The invention can eliminate the magnetic flux direct current component generated in the load transformer in the switching process of the dual power supply switching device, thereby eliminating the excitation inrush current in the load transformer.
2. The invention can not increase the switching time and the power-off time of the load.
3. The three phases of the standby power supply are switched on simultaneously, so that the condition that the standby power supply is in phase failure for power supply is avoided.
4. The voltage compensation time of the invention is less than one period (the power frequency period is 0.02s), and the influence on the load is small.
While the principles of the invention have been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of exemplary implementations of the invention and are not limiting of the scope of the invention. The details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, and any obvious changes, such as equivalent alterations, simple substitutions and the like, based on the technical solution of the invention, can be interpreted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for a double power supply switching device is characterized by performing compensation control on a circuit with a plurality of independent power grid power supplies, wherein the circuit comprises a plurality of power grid power supplies which are independent from each other, each power grid power supply is provided with a respective load transformer and a respective load, each power grid power supply is connected to the load transformer thereof through a corresponding power grid power supply switch and is connected to the output of a standby power supply branch, each standby power supply branch comprises a storage battery, an inverter and a plurality of parallel switches, and the communication between each power grid power supply and the standby power supply branch is independently controlled by one parallel switch,
the control method comprises the following steps of controlling each circuit power supply as follows:
(1) measuring the voltage or current of the power grid power supply to judge whether the current power grid power supply fails or not based on whether the voltage or current exceeds a preset threshold value or not;
(2) if the power grid power supply fails, disconnecting the switch of the current power grid power supply;
(3) measuring the current respective phase and amplitude of the three-phase output of the standby power supply;
(4) determining respective expected voltage outputs of the three-phase outputs of the standby power branch based on the respective phases and amplitudes of the three-phase outputs, and calculating expected voltage flux values corresponding to the voltages based on the expected voltage outputs
Figure FDA0002290897810000011
Figure FDA0002290897810000012
Wherein U isaltIs the amplitude of the standby supply voltage, thetaaltIs the phase of the standby supply voltage and ω is the angular frequency of the standby supply voltage.
(5) Measuring the amplitude and phase angle of the output voltage of the three phases of the power grid power supply at the moment of the current power grid power supply failure;
(6) calculating respective remanence of three-phase iron cores in the load transformer based on output voltages of the three phases of the power grid power supply
Figure FDA0002290897810000013
Before the network power supply is disconnected, the load transformer voltage is equal to the network power supply voltage, so that
Utr sin(ωt+θtr)＝Upre sin(ωt+θpre)
Figure FDA0002290897810000021
Wherein U istrAnd thetatrIs the amplitude and phase angle, U, of the load transformer voltagepreAnd thetapreIs the amplitude and phase angle, t, of the voltage of the mains supplydisThe moment of disconnection of the power supply of the power grid;
(7) calculating the difference K between the expected voltage flux corresponding to the current output voltage of each phase of the standby power supply branch circuit and the residual magnetism in the iron core of the corresponding phase in the load transformer,
Figure FDA0002290897810000022
(8) calculating the initial value of the compensation voltage of each phase based on the difference of the remanence of each phase;
Figure FDA0002290897810000023
in the formula of UAB，comp0，UBC，comp0，UCA，comp0Initial values of the attenuation compensation voltages, T, for the line voltages AB, BC, CA, respectivelycompFor the voltage compensation time, T is the voltage one-cycle time, and K is the magnetic flux direct-current component to be generated in each coil;
(9) starting a standby power switch, and adjusting the output voltage of the three phases of the inverter, so that the output of the three phases of the inverter is respectively superposed with respective compensation voltage initial values;
(10) each item of compensation voltage real-time value is calculated based on the following formula,
UAB real time＝UAB，comp0*t/Tcomp，
UBC real time＝UBC，comp0*t/Tcomp，
UCA real time＝UCA，comp0*t/Tcomp，
Wherein t is the remaining compensation time;
(11) and adjusting the output voltages of the three phases of the inverter so that the outputs of the three phases of the inverter are respectively superposed with respective real-time values of the compensation voltage.
2. The linear attenuation voltage compensation control method for the dual power supply switching device according to claim 1, wherein the working parameters of the load transformer are as follows: 50kVA, 380V/220V.
3. The linear decaying voltage compensation control method for a dual power supply switching device according to claim 1, wherein each grid power supply is: line voltage 380V, 50 Hz.
4. The linear decaying voltage compensation control method for a dual power supply switching device according to claim 1, wherein the switch of the grid power supply is a transistor switch.
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