CN112864782B - Air-cooled dual-waveband wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser - Google Patents
Air-cooled dual-waveband wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
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Abstract
The invention provides an air-cooled dual-waveband wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser which comprises a high-power narrow linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser and an annular cavity single resonance parametric oscillator; the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser comprises a narrow-linewidth fiber seed source and a two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium fiber amplifier. The embodiment of the invention realizes the dual-band wide-tuning-output narrow linewidth laser by the combined scheme of the narrow linewidth optical fiber seed source, the two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and the annular-cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator, and overcomes the problems of limited refrigeration mode, difficult linewidth compression, narrow tuning width and difficult output power improvement commonly existing in the traditional high-power tunable laser.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser, in particular to an air-cooled dual-waveband wide-tuning narrow-linewidth laser.
Background
The narrow linewidth laser with the emission wavelength within the range of 1 mu m and 2.1-4.4 mu m can provide richer laser wavelength configuration in many application scenes, particularly the 2.3-4.3 mu m laser for CO and CO2、NO、N2O、NO2、NH3、CH4、C2H4、C2H6、C2H2、SO2、HF、HCL、H2O、H2The diagnosis and identification of typical small molecules such as S and the like are valuable, and meanwhile, the 1-micron and 2.15-4.4-micron dual-band laser also has higher application value in the fields of laser surgery, laser skin treatment and the like.
However, the traditional tunable laser has the problems of limited refrigeration mode, difficult compression of line width, narrow tuning width and difficult increase of output power, and no effective solution is available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that the waste heat of the existing forced air cooling pulse thulium optical fiber laser is too concentrated and the average output power is difficult to improve.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an air-cooled dual-waveband wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser, which comprises a high-power narrow linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser and an annular cavity single resonance parametric oscillator; the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser comprises a narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source and a two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium optical fiber amplifier; the narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source comprises a high-reflection polarization-maintaining optical fiber grating, a phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a low-reflection polarization-maintaining optical fiber grating, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer, a single-mode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser and a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator which are sequentially arranged; the two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium optical fiber amplifier comprises a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser pre-amplification stage and a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser main amplification stage; the narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser pre-amplification stage comprises a polarization-maintaining fiber cladding optical filter, a large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber, a reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner, a multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser, a polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupling band-pass filter which are sequentially arranged; the narrow linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser main amplification stage comprises a 2 multiplied by 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, a polarization-maintaining fiber cladding light filter, a large-mode field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber, a reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner, a multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser and a collimation output module which are sequentially arranged; the ring cavity single resonance parametric oscillator is obtained by constructing two plano-concave reflecting mirrors and two plane reflecting mirrors; the annular cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator is arranged in an output light path of the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser.
Optionally, the high-reflectivity polarization-maintaining fiber grating is obtained based on single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber writing; the phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining optical fiber is a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber; the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating and the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating are both based on the same passive optical fiber writing; the optical fiber of the polarization maintaining optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer is the same as the low-reflection polarization maintaining optical fiber grating; the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator is used as a seed light output rear optical isolation device, and the optical fiber of the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator is the same as the low-reflection polarization maintaining fiber grating.
Optionally, the system further comprises a first photosensor, a second photosensor and a third photosensor; the first photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the operation power of the narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source, the second photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the return light power of laser, and the third photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the output power of the pre-amplification laser.
Optionally, the polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical filter is manufactured based on a double-cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber; the large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is matched with a passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter; the signal fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter; the output optical fiber model of the multimode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is consistent with the pump arm optical fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner; the input optical fiber of the polarization maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator is consistent with the passive optical fiber used by the polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical mode filter; and the optical fibers at two ends of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling band-pass filter are consistent with the output optical fiber used by the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator.
Optionally, both the two optical fibers at the two ends of the 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler are consistent with the output optical fiber used by the polarization-maintaining fiber coupler isolator; the polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical mode filter is manufactured on the basis of a double-cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber which is consistent with an output optical fiber used by the polarization maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator; the large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is matched with a passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter exactly; the signal fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter; the output optical fiber model of the multimode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is consistent with the pump arm optical fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner; and the input optical fiber of the collimation output module is consistent with the signal optical fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a half-wave plate, a high-power polarization-dependent isolator, two 45-degree reflecting mirrors and a plano-convex mirror; and laser emitted by the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser sequentially passes through the half-wave plate, the high-power polarization related isolator, the 45-degree reflector, the plano-convex mirror and the 45-degree reflector and enters the annular cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator.
Optionally, a gradient period MgO PPLN crystal; the MgO PPLN crystal is arranged in the annular cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator and is connected with a high-precision temperature control device, and the high-precision temperature control device is arranged on a high-precision one-dimensional electric control displacement table.
Optionally, the method further comprises: a 30-degree dichroic mirror and a plano-convex mirror; the 30-degree dichroic mirror is used for carrying out secondary separation on the output idle frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light; the plano-convex mirror is used for collimating and outputting the idler frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light.
Optionally, a window sheet is further included; the window sheet is used for protecting and sealing the output idler frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light.
Optionally, the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser is a 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser; the single-mode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is a 976nm single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser; the multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser is a 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser.
The embodiment of the invention realizes the dual-band wide-tuning-output narrow linewidth laser by the combined scheme of the narrow linewidth optical fiber seed source, the two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and the annular-cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator, and overcomes the problems of limited refrigeration mode, difficult linewidth compression, narrow tuning width and difficult output power improvement commonly existing in the traditional high-power tunable laser.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air-cooled dual-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
110-1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser; 120-1064nm half-wave plate; 130-high power polarization dependent isolator; a 140-45 degree mirror; 150-plano-convex mirror; 160-plano-concave mirror; 170-gradient period MgO PPLN crystal; 180-high precision temperature control device; 190-high precision one-dimensional electric control displacement table; 200-a plane mirror; a 210-30 ° dichroic mirror; 220-plano-convex mirror; 230-window piece; 240. 241, 242-photoelectric sensor; 250-high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating; 260-phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber; 270-low reverse polarization maintaining fiber grating; 280-polarization maintaining fiber wavelength division multiplexer; 290 and 976nm single-mode polarization maintaining fiber are coupled with a semiconductor laser; 300-polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator; 310-polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical mode filter; 320-large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber; 330-reverse (1+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner; 340-976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser; 350-polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator; 360-polarization maintaining fiber coupling band-pass filter; 370-2 x 2 polarization maintaining fiber coupler; 380-polarization maintaining fiber cladding optical filter; 390-large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber; 400-reverse (2+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner; 410-976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser; 420-collimation output module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The wide-tuning and narrow-line-width nanosecond pulse double-resonance intermediate infrared parametric oscillator mainly utilizes solid pulse 1064nm laser as a pumping source of the double-resonance parametric oscillator and utilizes four MgO with a periodic structure, namely PPLN crystal to realize the pulse laser output of wave bands of 1.3-1.7 microns and 3.0-4.5 microns, and aims to realize the laser with narrow line width and adjustable wavelength so as to be more suitable for application of laser spectrums, laser radars and the like.
The prior art also provides a tunable intermediate infrared narrow-linewidth optical parametric amplifier with a chip-shaped microcavity near-infrared seed optical injection locking, which mainly utilizes tunable narrow-linewidth fiber laser of 5 watt level as a pumping source of a double-resonance parametric oscillator and a PPLN crystal of a multi-period structure to realize tunable laser output of an intermediate infrared waveband, and aims to emphasize that the tunable intermediate infrared narrow-linewidth optical parametric amplifier realizes laser with adjustable wavelength in a wide range through temperature tuning and crystal period tuning, but the tunable intermediate infrared narrow-linewidth optical parametric amplifier can realize laser with lower laser power (not more than 1 watt) and smaller laser wavelength tuning range and can not realize laser with higher power.
The embodiment of the invention provides an air-cooled dual-waveband wide-tuning narrow-linewidth laser which comprises a high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser and an annular cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator.
The high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser comprises a narrow-linewidth fiber seed source and a two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium fiber amplifier.
Specifically, the narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source comprises a high-reflection polarization-maintaining optical fiber grating, a phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a low-reflection polarization-maintaining optical fiber grating, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer, a single-mode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser and a polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator which are sequentially arranged.
The two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium-based optical fiber amplifier comprises a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser pre-amplification stage and a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser main amplification stage. The narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser pre-amplification stage comprises a polarization-maintaining fiber cladding optical filter, a large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber, a reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner, a multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser, a polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupling band-pass filter which are sequentially arranged. The narrow linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser main amplification stage comprises a 2 multiplied by 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, a polarization-maintaining fiber cladding light filter, a large-mode field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber, a reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner, a multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser and a collimation output module which are sequentially arranged.
The ring cavity single resonance parametric oscillator is obtained by constructing two plano-concave reflecting mirrors and two plane reflecting mirrors; the annular cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator is arranged in an output light path of the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser.
The air-cooled dual-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the dual-band wide-tuning output narrow linewidth laser by a coupling scheme of a narrow linewidth optical fiber seed source, a two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a ring cavity single-resonance parametric oscillator, and overcomes the problems of limited refrigeration mode, difficult linewidth compression, narrow tuning width and difficult output power improvement commonly existing in the traditional high-power tunable laser.
Optionally, the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser is a 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser; the single-mode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is a 976nm single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser; the multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser is a 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser. The narrow linewidth laser capable of realizing 1 micron &2.15-4.4 micron double-waveband wide tuning output can be realized, wherein the output power of 1 micron laser exceeds 12 watts, the maximum output power of the laser within the range of 2.15-4.4 microns exceeds 5 watts, meanwhile, the linewidth of the laser is better than 1MHz, the tuning range is larger than 2250nm, and the tuning precision is better than 0.1 nm. The novel air-cooled 5-watt intermediate infrared laser is innovatively designed aiming at the problems of difficult heat management and limited tuning range of the traditional high-power intermediate infrared parametric oscillator, so that the more compact and concise air-cooled 5-watt intermediate infrared laser becomes possible, is particularly suitable for various small molecule spectral analysis and detection applications, and can also be used in other scientific research and medical application scenes.
Optionally, the high-reflectivity polarization-maintaining fiber grating is obtained based on single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber writing; the phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber; the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating and the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating are both based on the same passive optical fiber inscription; the optical fiber of the polarization maintaining optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer is the same as the low-reflection polarization maintaining optical fiber grating; the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator is used as a seed light output rear optical isolation device, and the optical fiber of the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator is the same as the low-reflection polarization maintaining fiber grating.
Optionally, the air-cooled two-band wide-tuning narrow-linewidth laser further includes a first photosensor, a second photosensor, and a third photosensor; the first photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the operation power of the narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source, the second photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the return light power of laser, and the third photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the output power of the pre-amplification laser.
Optionally, the polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical filter is manufactured based on a double-cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber; the large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is matched with a passive fiber used by a cladding light filter of the polarization maintaining fiber; the signal fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter; the output optical fiber model of the multimode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is consistent with the pump arm optical fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner;
the input optical fiber of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator is consistent with the passive optical fiber used by the polarization-maintaining optical fiber cladding optical filter; and the optical fibers at two ends of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling band-pass filter are consistent with the output optical fiber used by the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator.
Optionally, two optical fibers at two ends of the 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler are both consistent with an output optical fiber used by the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator; the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter is manufactured on the basis of a double-cladding polarization maintaining fiber which is consistent with an output fiber used by a polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator; the large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is matched with a passive fiber used by a cladding light filter of the polarization maintaining fiber exactly;
the signal fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter; the output optical fiber model of the multimode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is consistent with the pump arm optical fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner; the input optical fiber of the collimation output module is consistent with the signal optical fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner.
Optionally, the air-cooled two-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser further includes: a half-wave plate, a high-power polarization-dependent isolator, two 45-degree reflecting mirrors and a plano-convex mirror; laser emitted by the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser sequentially passes through the half-wave plate, the high-power polarization related isolator, the 45-degree reflector, the plano-convex mirror and the 45-degree reflector and enters the annular cavity single resonance parametric oscillator.
Optionally, the air-cooled two-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser further includes: PPLN crystal; the MgO PPLN crystal is arranged in the annular cavity single resonance parameter oscillator and is connected with a high-precision temperature control device, and the high-precision temperature control device is arranged on the high-precision one-dimensional electric control displacement table.
Optionally, the air-cooled two-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser further includes: a 30-degree dichroic mirror and a plano-convex mirror; the 30-degree dichroic mirror is used for carrying out secondary separation on the output idle frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light; the plano-convex mirror is used for collimating and outputting the idler frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light.
Optionally, the air-cooled dual-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser further includes a window sheet; the window sheet is used for protecting and sealing the output idler frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an air-cooled dual-band wide-tuning narrow-linewidth laser is shown, which is described by taking an example that the air-cooled dual-band wide-tuning narrow-linewidth laser includes a narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source, a two-stage polarization-maintaining large mode field ytterbium optical fiber amplifier, and a ring cavity single resonance parametric oscillator.
In fig. 1, a 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser 110, a 1064nm half-wave plate 120, a high-power polarization correlation isolator 130, two 45 ° mirrors 140, two plano-convex mirrors 150, two plano-concave mirrors 160, a gradient period MgO-PPLN crystal 170, a high-precision temperature control device 180, a high-precision one-dimensional electric control displacement stage 190, two plane mirrors 200, two 30 ° dichroic mirrors 210, a plano-convex mirror 220, and two window plates 230 are shown.
The 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser 110 has an output laser linewidth smaller than 0.05MHz, an output power within a range of 25W-30W, and a polarization contrast ratio superior to 20 dB. The 1064nm half-wave plate 120 adjusts the polarization direction of the output laser of the 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser 110, and matches with the optimal input light polarization direction of the high-power polarization-dependent isolator 130. The light-passing size of the high-power polarization-dependent isolator 130 is within the range of 3-5mm, the tolerance power exceeds 30 watts, the isolation degree exceeds 30dB, and the insertion loss does not exceed 5%.
The two 45-degree reflectors 140 are matched with each other to realize two-dimensional precise adjustment of the laser transmission direction. The plano-convex lens 150 is a 1064nm wave band anti-reflection focusing lens, the diameter of a focused light spot is within the range of 0.1-0.15mm, and the position of the focused light spot is near the central position of the MgO: PPLN crystal 170 in the gradient period.
The two plano-concave mirrors 160 and the two plane mirrors 200 create a single resonant parametric ring cavity. The radius of curvature of the concave surface of the plano-concave reflecting mirror 160 is within the range of 100mm-150mm, the transmittance of the plane of the plano-concave reflecting mirror 160 to 1064nm laser and 2100nm-4400nm wavelength range exceeds 99%, the transmittance of the concave surface of the plano-concave reflecting mirror 160 to 1064nm laser and 2100nm-4400nm wavelength range exceeds 93%, and meanwhile, the reflectivity to the laser within the 1300nm-2000nm wavelength range exceeds 99.5%; the laser incidence angle of the plane mirror 200 is 7 °.
The transmittance of the first plane of the plane reflector 200 to the wavelength range of 1000nm-2000nm is over 99%, and the laser reflectance of the second plane of the plane reflector 200 to the wavelength range of 1300nm-2000nm is over 99.5%.
Gradient period MgO PPLN crystal 170 contains multiple poling periods in the range of 27.8-32.0 μm. The high-precision temperature control device 180 and the high-precision one-dimensional electric control displacement table 190 respectively realize the precise control and regulation of the temperature and the polarization period of the MgO/PPLN crystal 170 in the gradient period. The temperature control range of the high-precision temperature control device 180 is 20-200 ℃, and the temperature control precision is better than 0.01 ℃. The displacement stroke of the high-precision one-dimensional electric control displacement table 190 exceeds 15mm, and the repeated positioning precision is better than 1 mu m.
The two 30-degree dichroic mirrors 210 respectively carry out secondary separation on the output idler frequency light (in the range of 2100-plus 4400 nm) and the residual fundamental frequency light (in the range of 1064nm), the laser transmittance in the range of 2100-plus 4400nm exceeds 93 percent, and the laser reflectance in the range of 1064nm exceeds 99.5 percent. The plano-convex mirror 220 collimates and outputs the idler frequency light (in the range of 2100-plus 4400 nm), and the plano-convex mirror 150 collimates and outputs the residual fundamental frequency light (1064 nm); the two window sheets 230 respectively protect and seal the output idler frequency light (in the range of 2100-4400 nm) and the residual fundamental frequency light (1064 nm).
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser 110 is shown, where the internal structure of the 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser specifically includes: three photoelectric sensors 240, 241, 242, a high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 250, a section of phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber 260, a low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 270, a polarization-maintaining fiber wavelength division multiplexer 280, a 976nm single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber coupled semiconductor laser 290, a polarization-maintaining fiber coupled isolator 300, a polarization-maintaining fiber cladding optical filter 310, a section of large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 320, a reverse (1+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 330, a 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser 340, a polarization maintaining fiber coupled isolator 350, a polarization maintaining fiber coupled band-pass filter 360, a 2 × 2 polarization maintaining fiber coupler 370, a polarization maintaining fiber cladding optical filter 380, a section of large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 390, a reverse (2+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 400, two 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor lasers 410 and a collimation output module 420.
The photoelectric sensor 240 is used for monitoring the operating power of 1064nm seed light, the photoelectric sensor 241 is used for monitoring the returning light power of 1064nm laser light, and the photoelectric sensor 242 is used for monitoring the output power of the 1064nm laser light of the pre-amplification stage.
The high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 250, the phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber 260, the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 270, the polarization-maintaining fiber wavelength division multiplexer 280, the 976nm single-mode fiber coupling semiconductor laser 290 and the polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator 300 construct a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber seed source, the linewidth of output laser can be less than 0.05MHz, the output power is in the range of 10-100 milliwatts, and the polarization contrast is superior to 30 dB.
Specifically, the high-reflectivity polarization-maintaining fiber grating 250 is obtained based on single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber writing, the center wavelength reflectivity exceeds 99.5%, and the full width at half maximum is less than 0.5 nm; the phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 260 is a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the diameter of the fiber core is about 5 mu m, the numerical aperture is in the range of 0.11-0.15, and the doping concentration of ytterbium ions in the fiber core is in the range of 10-20%. The low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 270 and the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 250 are both based on the same passive fiber writing, the central wavelength reflectivity is in the range of 50% -70%, and the half-height width is smaller than 0.1 nm. The optical fiber of the polarization maintaining fiber wavelength division multiplexer 280 is the same as the low reverse polarization maintaining fiber grating 270, so that 976nm pump light and 1064nm laser can be multiplexed in a single mode fiber. The output laser wavelength of the 976nm single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber coupled semiconductor laser 290 is locked at 976nm, the spectral line width is less than 0.7nm, and the maximum output power is within the range of 200-300 mW. The polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator 300 serves as a seed light output rear optical isolation device and protects seed light from interference of return light, the isolation of the fiber of the polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator 300 is the same as that of the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 270, the isolation of 1064nm laser exceeds 25dB, the maximum bearing power is about 500mW, and the insertion loss is not more than 15%.
The narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser pre-amplification stage is constructed by the polarization-maintaining fiber cladding optical filter 310, the large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber 320, the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner 330, the 976nm multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser 340, the polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350 and the polarization-maintaining fiber coupling band-pass filter 360, the linewidth of output laser is less than 0.1MHz, the output power is in the range of 2-4 watts, and the polarization contrast is superior to 20 dB.
Specifically, the polarization maintaining fiber cladding optical mode filter 310 is manufactured based on a double-cladding polarization maintaining fiber, and is used for filtering the residual cladding optical power of the pre-amplification stage reverse pumping, the filtering ratio exceeds 20dB, and the power can be borne by more than 3 watts, and the fiber core diameter is 11 μm, the numerical aperture is 0.075, the inner cladding diameter is 125 μm, and the numerical aperture is 0.46. The large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 320 is matched with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter 310, and the total absorption ratio at the pump wavelength of 976nm needs to be controlled within the range of 12dB-15 dB. The signal fiber of the reverse (1+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 330 is the same as the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter 310, the fiber input to the pump arm is a 105/125 model multimode fiber, the fiber core diameter is 105 μm, and the numerical aperture is 0.22.
The output laser wavelength of the 976nm multimode fiber-coupled semiconductor laser 340 is locked at 976nm, the spectral line width is less than 0.7nm, the maximum output power is in the range of 9-10W, and the type of the output fiber is consistent with that of the pump arm fiber of the reverse (1+1) x 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 330. The input fiber of the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350 is consistent with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light mode filter 310, the core diameter of the output fiber is in the range of 11-15 μm and the numerical aperture is in the range of 0.08-0.10, and the inner cladding diameter of the output fiber is 125 μm and the numerical aperture is 0.46. The isolation of the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350 to 1064nm laser exceeds 20dB, the maximum bearing power exceeds 5W, and the insertion loss does not exceed 15%; the two end fibers of the polarization maintaining fiber coupling band-pass filter 360 are consistent with the output fibers used by the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350, and are used for compressing the line width of the output laser of the pre-amplification stage, the central transmission wavelength is 1064nm, and the transmission bandwidth is less than 1 nm.
The narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser main amplification stage is constructed by the 2 x 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 370, the polarization-maintaining fiber cladding optical filter 380, the large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber 390, the reverse (2+1) x 1 polarization-maintaining fiber combiner 400, the 976nm multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser 410 and the collimation output module 420, the linewidth of output laser is less than 0.1MHz, the output power is in the range of 25-30 watts, and the polarization contrast is superior to 20 dB.
The 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 370 is used for monitoring the output laser power of the pre-amplification stage and the return light power of the main amplification stage, two fibers at two ends of the 2 × 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 370 are both consistent with the output fiber used by the polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350, and the output power ratio is both 30 dB. The polarization maintaining fiber cladding optical filter 380 is made based on a double-cladding polarization maintaining fiber consistent with an output fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350, and is used for filtering the residual cladding optical power of the back pump of the main amplification stage, wherein the filtering ratio exceeds 20dB, and the power of more than 10 watts can be borne.
The large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 390 is matched with the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter 380, and the total absorption ratio at the pump wavelength of 976nm needs to be controlled within the range of 12dB-15 dB. The signal fiber of the reverse (2+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 400 is the same as the passive fiber used by the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter 380, the fibers input to the pump arm are all 105/125 model multimode fibers, the fiber core diameter is 105 μm, and the numerical aperture is 0.22. The output laser wavelength of the two 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor lasers 410 is locked at 976nm, the spectral line width is less than 0.7nm, the maximum output power is in the range of 27-30W, and the types of the output fibers are consistent with the pump arm fibers of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner 400. The input fiber of the collimation output module 420 is the same as the signal fiber of the reverse (2+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 400, and is used for collimating and outputting the amplification-level laser, and the size of the collimation spot is in the range of 1-2 mm.
The 976nm single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber coupled semiconductor laser 290, the 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser 340 and the 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser 410 are required to be precisely controlled in temperature by semiconductor chilling plates, the temperature control range is 20-30 ℃, and the temperature control precision is better than 0.1 ℃. Both the large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 320 and the large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 390 need to be coiled in a metal groove for good conduction cooling. The polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter 310, the polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator 350, the polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter 380, and the reverse (2+1) × 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner 400 are all coated with heat conducting silicone grease on the bottom surface of the device and arranged on a metal heat sink for conducting cooling.
In the air-cooled dual-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser, the output power level is obviously influenced when the laser works at a higher environmental temperature of 35-45 ℃ due to severe change of the use environmental temperature, and the laser is generally not allowed to work at an extreme environmental temperature (more than 45 ℃).
The output end 30 ° dichroic mirror 210, the plano-convex mirror 220, the second plano-convex mirror 150, and the window sheet 230 can be flexibly configured, for example, the second plano-convex mirror 150 and the second window sheet 230 may not be included in an application scene without 1064nm laser output, and the high-precision one-dimensional electronic control displacement stage 190 may not be included in a case where a user does not need to tune the mid-infrared laser in a large range.
The main device parameter configuration is detailed below as follows:
the focal length of the first plano-convex mirror 150 is 100 mm. The concave surface of the plano-concave output mirror 160 has a radius of curvature of 100 mm. Gradient period MgO PPLN crystal 170 has dimensions of 50.0mm (length) by 12.4mm (width) by 1.0mm (thickness), contains 15 polarization periods in the range of 27.8-32.0 μm, has a polarization period interval of 0.3 μm, has a crystal width of 0.8mm for each polarization period, and has 0.2mm non-polarized regions on both sides.
The phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 260 is 5/125 single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, and the ytterbium ion doping concentration is 16%. The central wavelength reflectivity of the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating 270 is 60% and the full width at half maximum is 0.08 nm. The output laser power of the 976nm single-mode polarization maintaining fiber coupled semiconductor laser 290 is 240 mW. The large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 320 is PLMA-YDF-10/125-M of Nufern company and matched PLMA-GDF-10/125-M type passive double-clad fiber. The output power of the 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser 340 is 9 watts. The large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber 390 is PLMA-YDF-15/130-VIII from Nufern corporation and PLMA-GDF-15/130 type passive double-clad fiber. The 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser 410 has an output power of 27 w, an experimental environment temperature of 25 ℃ and a pumping semiconductor laser temperature of 25 ℃. Finally, the laser output obtained at the wavelength of 1064nm exceeds 10 watts, the line width is less than 0.1MHz, the polarization contrast is superior to 20dB, the output idler optical power exceeds 0.2 watts near 4400nm, the output idler optical power exceeds 5.2 watts near 3100nm, the output idler optical power exceeds 1.6 watts near 2300nm, meanwhile, the tuning width larger than 2250nm and the tuning precision smaller than 0.06nm are realized through the polarization period adjustment and the temperature adjustment of the nonlinear crystal, and the specific corresponding tuning range is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
The invention adopts the combined scheme of a narrow linewidth optical fiber seed source, a two-stage polarization-maintaining large mode field ytterbium-doped optical fiber amplifier and a ring cavity single resonance parametric oscillator to realize the 1 micron &2.15-4.4 micron dual-waveband wide tuning output narrow linewidth laser, wherein the output power of the 1 micron laser exceeds 12 watts, the maximum output power of the laser within the range of 2.15-4.4 microns exceeds 5 watts, meanwhile, the laser linewidth is superior to 1MHz, and the tuning range is greater than 2250nm, thereby overcoming the problems of limited refrigeration mode, difficult linewidth compression, narrow tuning width and difficult output power increase commonly existing in the traditional high-power tunable laser.
A single-resonance parametric oscillator is constructed through idle frequency light output under signal light oscillation, and meanwhile, wide-range, high-precision and rapid motorized wavelength tuning is realized through a quasi-phase matching crystal with a gradient period and a high-precision temperature and displacement control platform, so that the invention can directly obtain mid-infrared laser output with the simultaneous tuning range larger than 2250nm and the tuning precision superior to 0.1nm through a single resonant cavity.
A fundamental frequency optical system is constructed through a laser technical route of the full polarization maintaining optical fiber, the heat distribution density of the whole system is reduced, the long-term stable work of the laser system can be ensured through forced air cooling, and meanwhile, the power consumption of the whole system is not more than 300 watts.
Although the present invention is disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An air-cooled dual-waveband wide tuning narrow linewidth laser is characterized by comprising a high-power narrow linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser and an annular cavity single resonance parametric oscillator;
the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser comprises a narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source and a two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium optical fiber amplifier;
the narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source comprises a high-reflection polarization-maintaining optical fiber grating, a phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a low-reflection polarization-maintaining optical fiber grating, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer, a single-mode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser and a first polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator which are sequentially arranged;
the two-stage polarization-maintaining large-mode-field ytterbium optical fiber amplifier comprises a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser pre-amplification stage and a narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining optical fiber laser main amplification stage;
the narrow-linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser pre-amplification stage comprises a first polarization-maintaining fiber cladding optical filter, a first large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber, a reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner, a first multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser, a second polarization-maintaining fiber coupling isolator and a polarization-maintaining fiber coupling band-pass filter which are sequentially arranged;
the narrow linewidth polarization-maintaining fiber laser main amplification stage comprises a 2 multiplied by 2 polarization-maintaining fiber coupler, a second polarization-maintaining fiber cladding light filter, a second large mode field ytterbium-doped polarization-maintaining fiber, a reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization-maintaining fiber beam combiner, a second multimode fiber coupling semiconductor laser and a collimation output module which are sequentially arranged;
the ring cavity single resonance parametric oscillator is constructed by two plano-concave reflectors and two plane reflectors, the curvature radius of the concave surface of the plano-concave reflector is within the range of 100mm-150mm, and the laser incidence angle of the plane reflector is 7 degrees;
the annular cavity single resonance parametric oscillator is arranged in an output light path of the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser;
the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser is a 1064nm high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser;
the single-mode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is a 976nm single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser;
the first multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser and the second multimode fiber coupled semiconductor laser are both 976nm multimode fiber coupled semiconductor lasers;
the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating is obtained based on single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber writing, the reflectivity of the center wavelength exceeds 99.5%, and the half-height width is less than 0.5 nm; the phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is a single-mode polarization maintaining fiber, the diameter of the fiber core is about 5 mu m, the numerical aperture is in the range of 0.11-0.15, and the doping concentration of ytterbium ions in the fiber core is in the range of 10-20%; the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating and the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating are both based on the same passive fiber writing, the central wavelength reflectivity is in the range of 50-70%, and the half-height width is less than 0.1 nm;
the first polarization maintaining fiber cladding optical filter is manufactured based on a double-cladding polarization maintaining fiber, and the diameter of a fiber core is 11 mu m, the numerical aperture is 0.075, the diameter of an inner cladding is 125 mu m, and the numerical aperture is 0.46; the first large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is matched with a passive fiber used by a first polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter exactly, and the total absorption proportion at the position of a pump wavelength of 976nm needs to be controlled within the range of 12dB-15 dB; the signal fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the first polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter module, the fiber input to the pumping arm is a 105/125 model multimode fiber, the fiber core diameter is 105 μm, and the numerical aperture is 0.22;
the input optical fiber of the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator is consistent with the passive optical fiber used by the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber cladding optical mode filter, the fiber core diameter of the output optical fiber is within the range of 11-15 mu m, the numerical aperture is within the range of 0.08-0.10, the inner cladding diameter of the output optical fiber is 125 mu m, and the numerical aperture is 0.46;
PPLN crystal with gradient period; the PPLN crystal is arranged in the annular cavity single resonance parameter oscillator and is connected with a high-precision temperature control device, and the high-precision temperature control device is arranged on a high-precision one-dimensional electric control displacement table;
further comprising: a 30-degree dichroic mirror and a plano-convex mirror; the 30-degree dichroic mirror is used for carrying out secondary separation on the output idle frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light; the plano-convex mirror is used for collimating and outputting the idler frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light.
2. The air-cooled two-band wide-tuned narrow linewidth laser of claim 1,
the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating is obtained based on single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber writing; the phosphate ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining optical fiber is a single-mode polarization maintaining optical fiber;
the low-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating and the high-reflection polarization-maintaining fiber grating are both based on the same passive optical fiber writing; the optical fiber of the polarization maintaining optical fiber wavelength division multiplexer is the same as the low-reflection polarization maintaining optical fiber grating;
the first polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator is used as a seed light output rear optical isolation device, and the optical fiber of the first polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator is the same as the low-reflection polarization maintaining fiber grating.
3. The air-cooled two-band wide-tuning narrow linewidth laser of claim 1, further comprising a first photosensor, a second photosensor, and a third photosensor;
the first photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the operation power of the narrow-linewidth optical fiber seed source, the second photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the return light power of laser, and the third photoelectric sensor is used for monitoring the output power of the pre-amplification laser.
4. The air-cooled two-band wide-tuned narrow linewidth laser of claim 1,
the first polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical filter is manufactured on the basis of a double-cladding polarization maintaining optical fiber; the first large-mode-field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining optical fiber is matched with a passive optical fiber used by the first polarization maintaining optical fiber cladding optical filter; the signal fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the first polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter module; the output optical fiber model of the first multimode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is consistent with the pump arm optical fiber of the reverse (1+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner;
the input optical fiber of the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator is consistent with the passive optical fiber used by the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber cladding optical mode filter; and the optical fibers at two ends of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling band-pass filter are consistent with the output optical fiber used by the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator.
5. The air-cooled two-band wide-tuned narrow linewidth laser of claim 1,
two optical fibers at two ends of the 2 x 2 polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler are consistent with output optical fibers used by the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupling isolator; the second polarization maintaining fiber cladding optical mode filter is manufactured on the basis of a double-cladding polarization maintaining fiber consistent with an output fiber used by the second polarization maintaining fiber coupling isolator; the second large-mode field ytterbium-doped polarization maintaining fiber is matched with a passive fiber used by the second polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter exactly;
the signal fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining fiber beam combiner is consistent with the passive fiber used by the second polarization maintaining fiber cladding light filter; the output optical fiber model of the second multimode optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser is consistent with the pump arm optical fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner; and the input optical fiber of the collimation output module is consistent with the signal optical fiber of the reverse (2+1) multiplied by 1 polarization maintaining optical fiber beam combiner.
6. The air-cooled dual band wide-tuned narrow linewidth laser of any one of claims 1-5, further comprising: a half-wave plate, a high-power polarization-dependent isolator, two 45-degree reflecting mirrors and a plano-convex mirror;
and laser emitted by the high-power narrow-linewidth polarization maintaining fiber laser sequentially passes through the half-wave plate, the high-power polarization related isolator, the 45-degree reflector, the plano-convex mirror and the 45-degree reflector and enters the annular cavity single resonance parametric oscillator.
7. The air-cooled two-band wide-tuned narrow linewidth laser of claim 1, further comprising a window plate;
the window sheet is used for protecting and sealing the output idler frequency light or the residual fundamental frequency light.
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