CN112864637A - Broadband multi-beam forming network and antenna based on 5 x 6 Butler matrix - Google Patents
Broadband multi-beam forming network and antenna based on 5 x 6 Butler matrix Download PDFInfo
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 x 6 Butler matrix and an antenna. The broadband multi-beam forming network is provided with a first input port, a second input port, a third input port, a fourth input port, a fifth input port, a first output port, a second output port, a third output port, a fourth input port, a fifth output port, an eleventh fixed phase shifter and a power divider, and the broadband multi-beam forming network further comprises a substrate and eight directional couplers, eleven fixed phase shifters and one power divider which are arranged on the substrate in a circuit mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 x 6 Butler matrix and an antenna.
Background
With the rapid development of modern wireless communication technology, the demand of mobile communication is increasing. The multi-beam antenna has high gain, can solve the problems of difficult station building, insufficient deep coverage and the like in dense urban areas, and is more and more widely applied to the technical field of communication. The multibeam antenna is a passive multiport device, and electromagnetic waves radiated to space are composed of a plurality of point beams, and each input port of the multibeam antenna corresponds to an antenna beam with a specific direction, and can be used for receiving or transmitting signals, and simultaneously, the generated multibeam has orthogonality and is mainly used for space diversity reception to improve the system capacity.
The beam forming network is the core of the multi-beam antenna, and is generally implemented by means of a butler matrix. The main function of the antenna array is to distribute the energy of a certain input port to the antenna array in a certain amplitude to realize power distribution, and keep the phase difference between adjacent units on the array as a constant, and different input ports correspond to different phase differences, thus forming different beam directions on the antenna array. For example, the chinese invention CN103414022B discloses a 5 × 6 butler matrix, but the bandwidth is narrow, and only 1710-2170MHz frequency band is supported, and each module of the 5 × 6 butler matrix is independent, and needs to be connected by using cables and connecting blocks, and there are many welding points, and the consistency of parameters such as echo isolation and intermodulation is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 multiplied by 6 Butler matrix and an antenna. The Butler matrix network has the advantages of simple structure and good performance, and is integrated, so that the Butler matrix network is convenient to produce and assemble, the production efficiency is improved, and the forming requirement of the low-sidelobe five-beam base station antenna in engineering application can be met.
The first aspect of the present invention provides a broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix, and the specific scheme is as follows:
a broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 x 6 Butler matrix is provided with a first input port, a second input port, a third input port, a fourth input port, a fifth input port, a first output port, a second output port, a third output port, a fourth output port, a fifth output port and a sixth output port, and comprises a substrate, a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a fourth directional coupler, a fifth directional coupler, a sixth directional coupler, a seventh directional coupler, a eighth directional coupler, a first fixed phase shifter, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a fourth directional coupler, a fifth directional coupler, a sixth directional coupler, a seventh directional coupler, an eighth directional coupler, a ninth fixed phase shifter, a tenth fixed phase shifter and an eleventh fixed phase shifter;
each directional coupler has a first input, a second input, a first output and a second output, each fixed phase shifter has an input and an output, the power divider has an input, a first output and a second output;
the input end of the power divider, the first input end and the second input end of the first directional coupler, and the first input end and the second input end of the second directional coupler are correspondingly connected with the first input port, the second input port, the third input port, the fourth input port and the fifth input port one by one, and the output end of the sixth fixed phase shifter, the output end of the seventh fixed phase shifter, the output end of the eighth fixed phase shifter, the output end of the ninth fixed phase shifter, the output end of the tenth fixed phase shifter and the output end of the eleventh fixed phase shifter are correspondingly connected with the first output port, the second output port, the third output port, the fourth output port, the fifth output port and the sixth output port one by one;
a first output end and a second output end of the first directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a first fixed phase shifter and an input end of a second fixed phase shifter;
the first output end and the second output end of the second directional coupler are respectively connected with the input end of a third fixed shifter and the second input end of a third directional coupler;
a first output end and a second output end of the third directional coupler are respectively connected with a second input end of the fourth directional coupler and an input end of the fifth fixed shifter;
a first output end and a second output end of the fourth directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a ninth fixed phase shifter and a first input end of a fifth directional coupler;
a first output end and a second output end of the fifth directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a tenth fixed shifter and an input end of an eleventh fixed shifter, and a second input end of the fifth directional coupler is connected with an output end of the fifth fixed shifter;
a first output end and a second output end of the sixth directional coupler are respectively connected with a second input end of the seventh directional coupler and an input end of the fourth fixed shifter, and a first input end and a second input end of the sixth directional coupler are respectively connected with an output end of the first fixed shifter and an output end of the third fixed shifter;
a first output end and a second output end of the seventh directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a sixth fixed shifter and a first input end of an eighth directional coupler, and a first input end of the seventh directional coupler is connected with a first output end of the power divider;
a first output end and a second output end of the eighth directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a seventh fixed phase shifter and an input end of an eighth fixed phase shifter, and a second input end of the eighth directional coupler is connected with an output end of the fourth fixed phase shifter;
a second output end of the power divider is connected with a first input end of the fourth directional coupler, and an output end of the second fixed shifter is connected with a first input end of the third directional coupler;
when an electric signal is input from any one input port, six signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference series are output from the six output ports.
In a further refinement, said third fixed mover is a reference line of a mover, and said first fixed mover is a 30 ° fixed angle mover for delaying a transmission phase of a signal inputted thereto by 30 °; the second fixed shifter is a 120 ° fixed angle shifter for delaying a transmission phase of a signal inputted thereto by 120 °; the fourth and fifth fixed movers are 90-degree fixed angle movers, and are used for delaying the transmission phase of the signal input into the fourth and fifth fixed movers by 90 degrees; the seventh and tenth fixed movers are 105 ° fixed angle movers for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 105 °; the sixth fixed shifter and the ninth fixed shifter are 120-degree fixed angle shifters and are used for delaying the transmission phase of the signal input into the sixth fixed shifter by 120 degrees; the eighth and eleventh fixed shifters are 165 ° fixed angle shifters for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 165 °.
The further improvement is that the first output end and the first input end of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are on the same side, and the second output end and the second input end of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are on the same side; the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are all in a strip line structure.
In a further improvement, the signal power of each output end corresponding to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers is half of the signal power of the signal input end, and the signal phase of the output end on the opposite side of the signal input end lags behind the output end on the same side of the signal input end by 90 °.
In a further improvement, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are coupled line directional couplers.
The further improvement is that the whole circuit of each directional coupler is arranged on the substrate, the first input end and the second input end and the first output end and the second output end of each directional coupler are arranged on the same end face of the substrate, but the second transmission line from the first input end to the second output end and the first transmission line from the second input end to the first output end of each directional coupler are respectively arranged on two opposite end faces of the substrate, the first transmission line from the second input end to the first output end of each directional coupler is respectively connected with the second input end and the first output end of the directional coupler through metal through holes penetrating through the substrate, and the first transmission line is connected with the second transmission line through metallized through holes.
The power divider further comprises a first microstrip line arranged on the substrate and connected with the second output end of the power divider, and a second microstrip line connected with the output end of the second fixed shifter, wherein the first microstrip line is electrically connected with the first input end of the fourth directional coupler through a first jumper, and the second microstrip line is electrically connected with the first input end of the third directional coupler through a second jumper.
The improvement is that the first and second jumper wires, the first and second microstrip lines, the third directional coupler, and the fourth directional coupler have their first input end, second input end, first output end, and second output end respectively disposed on the same end surface of the substrate, and when the first jumper wire is a coaxial transmission line, the inner conductors at its two ends are respectively connected to the first microstrip line and the second output end of the power divider, and when the second jumper wire is a coaxial transmission line, the inner conductors at its two ends are respectively connected to the second microstrip line and the output end of the second fixed shifter.
In a further improvement, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh fixed shifters are provided with open branches for adjusting the phase.
A second aspect of the present invention provides an antenna comprising the wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix as described above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the technical scheme of the invention, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh fixed shifters and other devices are arranged on the substrate in a circuit form, so that the structure is compact, the size of the matrix feed network in the prior art is reduced, the material cost of the PCB is reduced, the directional couplers are in the form of layered coupling lines, the first transmission lines and the second transmission lines are respectively arranged on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate, the structure is compact, the size is small, meanwhile, each module is connected through strip line transmission lines and coaxial line jumper lines, the whole broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 x 6 butler matrix is integrated, the use of radio frequency connectors and connecting cables can be reduced, the number of welding points is small, the consistency of performance such as echo, isolation and third-order passive intermodulation of the whole five-beam antenna system can be improved.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a circuit layout diagram of a wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a first 3 × 3 butler matrix network in a wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a second 3 × 3 butler matrix network in the wideband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a first 2 × 2 butler matrix network in a wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a second 2 × 2 butler matrix network in the wideband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The nomenclature used in this specification may be used to describe various components, but these components are not limited by these nomenclature. These terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one constituent element from other constituent elements.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, so to speak, as communicating between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 to 7, in an embodiment of the present invention, a broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix is provided, a center frequency point of the broadband multi-beam forming network is 2.2GHz, and a relative bandwidth of the broadband multi-beam forming network is 44.5%, the broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 × 6 butler matrix adopts a structural form in which an upper plate, a 5 × 6 butler matrix dielectric plate, and a lower plate form a dielectric stripline, the 5 × 6 butler matrix dielectric plate is a substrate, and when an electrical signal is input from any input port of the network, a phase difference between adjacent output ports is a constant.
The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix is designed in an integrated mode, and can be divided into five modules according to module division, wherein the five modules are respectively a power divider module, a first 3 x 3 butler matrix network, a second 3 x 3 butler matrix network, a first 2 x 2 butler matrix network and a second 2 x 2 butler matrix network.
The power divider 20 of the power divider module is a wilkinson power divider, and after a signal enters the input end of the power divider 20, the amplitude and phase of the signal output by the two output ends of the power divider 20 are equal.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the first 3 × 3 butler matrix network and the second 3 × 3 butler matrix network are respectively, and when an electrical signal is input from any input end of any 3 × 3 butler matrix network, the first to third output ends of the 3 × 3 butler matrix network output three paths of signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the first 2 × 2 butler matrix network and the second 2 × 2 butler matrix network are respectively, and when an electrical signal is input from an input end of any 2 × 2 butler matrix network, the first to the two output ports of the 2 × 2 butler matrix network output signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference.
The following describes in detail the specific structure and principle of a wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 7:
specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 × 6 butler matrix has a first input port in1, a second input port in2, a third input port in3, a fourth input port in4, a fifth input port in5, a first output port out1, a second output port out2, a third output port out3, a fourth output port out4, a fifth output port out5, and a sixth output port out6, and a first directional coupler 1, a second directional coupler 2, a third directional coupler 3, a fourth directional coupler 4, a fifth directional coupler 5, a sixth directional coupler 6, a seventh directional coupler 7, an eighth directional coupler 8, a first direction shifter 9, a second fixed direction shifter 10, a third fixed direction shifter 11, a fourth fixed direction shifter 12, a fifth direction shifter 13, a sixth fixed shifter 14, a fifth direction shifter 14, a sixth directional coupler 3, a fourth directional coupler 4, a fifth directional coupler 5, a sixth directional coupler 6, a seventh directional coupler 7, an eighth directional coupler 8, and a first direction shifter holder 9, A seventh fixed mover 15, an eighth fixed mover 16, a ninth fixed mover 17, a tenth fixed mover 18, an eleventh fixed mover 19, and a power divider 20.
Specifically, each directional coupler has a first input, a second input, a first output and a second output, each fixed mover has an input and an output, and the power divider has an input, a first output and a second output.
Wherein, the input ends of the power splitter 20, the first input end 21 and the second input end 22 of the first directional coupler 1, and the first input end 25 and the second input end 26 of the second directional coupler 2, and the first input port in1, the second input port in2, the third input port in3, the fourth input port in4, and the fifth input port in5 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, and the output end of the sixth fixed phase shifter 14, the output end of the seventh fixed phase shifter 15, the output end of the eighth fixed phase shifter 16, the output end of the ninth fixed phase shifter 17, the output end of the tenth fixed phase shifter 18, and the output end of the eleventh fixed phase shifter 19 are respectively connected with the first output port out1, the second output port 2, the third output port out3, the fourth output port 4, the fifth output port out5, and the sixth output port out6 in a one-to one correspondence;
a first output end 23 and a second output end 24 of the first directional coupler 1 are respectively connected with an input end of the first fixed phase shifter 9 and an input end of the second fixed phase shifter 10;
the first output end 27 and the second output end 28 of the second directional coupler 2 are respectively connected with the third fixed shifter 11 and the second input end 30 of the third directional coupler 3;
the first output end 31 and the second output end 32 of the third directional coupler 3 are respectively connected with the second input end 34 of the fourth directional coupler 4 and the input end of the fifth fixed shifter 13;
the first output end 35 and the second output end 36 of the fourth directional coupler 4 are respectively connected with the input end of the ninth fixed phase shifter 17 and the first input end 37 of the fifth directional coupler 5;
the first output end 39 and the second output end 40 of the fifth directional coupler 5 are respectively connected with the input end of the tenth fixed shifter 18 and the input end of the eleventh fixed shifter 19; the second input 38 of the fifth directional coupler 5 is connected to the output of the fifth fixed mover 13;
the first output end 43 and the second output end 44 of the sixth directional coupler 6 are respectively connected with the second input end 46 of the seventh directional coupler 7 and the input end of the fourth fixed shifter 12; the first input end 41 and the second input end 42 of the sixth directional coupler 6 are respectively connected with the output end of the first fixed shifter 9 and the output end of the third fixed shifter 11;
a first output end 47 and a second output end 48 of the seventh directional coupler 7 are respectively connected to an input end of a sixth fixed phase shifter 14 and a first input end 49 of an eighth directional coupler 8, and a first input end 45 of the seventh directional coupler 7 is connected to a first output end of the power divider 20;
a first output terminal 51 and a second output terminal 52 of the eighth directional coupler 8 are respectively connected to an input terminal of the seventh fixed phase shifter 15 and an input terminal of the eighth fixed phase shifter 16, and a second input terminal 50 of the eighth directional coupler 8 is connected to an output terminal of the fourth fixed phase shifter 12;
a second output terminal of the power divider 20 is connected to the first input terminal 33 of the fourth directional coupler 4, and an output terminal of the second fixed phase shifter 10 is connected to the first input terminal 29 of the third directional coupler 3;
the radio frequency signal of the wideband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 × 6 butler matrix is input from the input end of the power divider 20, the first input end 21 and the second input end 22 of the first directional coupler 1, the first input end 25 and the second input end 26 of the second directional coupler 2, and is output from the output ends of the sixth fixed shifter 14, the seventh fixed shifter 15, the eighth fixed shifter 16, the ninth fixed shifter 17, the tenth fixed shifter 18 and the eleventh fixed shifter 19. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 Butler matrix can enable six signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference series to be output from the six output ports when electric signals are input from any one input port.
The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 Butler matrix improves the existing Butler matrix feeding network of partial five-beam antenna system technology, and the devices such as the first directional coupler 1, the second directional coupler 2, the third directional coupler 3, the fourth directional coupler 4, the fifth directional coupler 5, the sixth directional coupler 6, the seventh directional coupler 7, the eighth directional coupler 8, the first fixed shifter 9, the second fixed shifter 10, the third fixed shifter 11, the fourth fixed shifter 12, the fifth fixed shifter 13, the sixth fixed shifter 14, the seventh fixed shifter 15, the eighth fixed shifter 16, the ninth fixed shifter 17, the tenth fixed shifter 18, the eleventh fixed shifter 19, the power divider 20 and the like are arranged on the substrate in a circuit form, so that the structure is compact, the cavities of the corresponding devices can be reduced, and the corresponding devices can be reduced, The use of the radio frequency connector is beneficial to reducing the volume of the original matrix feed network and reducing the cost. Meanwhile, the broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 Butler matrix is integrated, the number of welding points is small, and the broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 Butler matrix is high in isolation and small in signal energy loss.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first output end and the first input end of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth directional couplers are on the same side, and the second output end and the second input end of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth directional couplers are on the same side; the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are all in a strip line structure.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the signal power of each output terminal corresponding to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth directional couplers is half of the signal power of the signal input terminal thereof, and the signal phase of the output terminal on the opposite side of the signal input terminal lags behind the output terminal on the same side of the signal input terminal by 90 °.
In the first output end and the second output end of the first directional coupler 1, the second directional coupler 2, the third directional coupler 3, the fourth directional coupler 4, the fifth directional coupler 5, the sixth directional coupler 6, the seventh directional coupler 7 and the eighth directional coupler 8, when a radio frequency signal is input from one input end of the directional coupler, the other input end of the directional coupler is an isolation end, and no energy is output. Meanwhile, in this case, the phase of the signal of the output terminal on the same side as the input terminal leads by 90 ° with respect to the phase of the signal of the output terminal on the side of the input terminal.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the second output terminal of the power divider 20 is connected to the first input port 33 of the fourth directional coupler 4 through a first jumper 105, and the output terminal of the second fixed shifter 10 is connected to the first input port 29 of the third directional coupler 3 through a second jumper 106.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further includes a first microstrip line disposed on the substrate and connected to the second output end of the power divider 20, and a second microstrip line connected to the output end of the second fixed mover 10, where the first microstrip line is electrically connected to the first input end 33 of the fourth directional coupler 4 through a first jumper 105, and the second microstrip line is electrically connected to the first input end 29 of the third directional coupler 3 through a second jumper 106.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first jumper 105 and the second jumper 106 are respectively disposed on the same end surface of the substrate as the first input end, the second input end, the first output end, and the second output end of the first microstrip line, the second microstrip line, the third directional coupler 3, and the fourth directional coupler 4, and when the first jumper 105 is a coaxial transmission line, the inner conductors at two ends of the first jumper are respectively connected to the first microstrip line and the second output end of the power divider 20, and when the second jumper 106 is a coaxial transmission line, the inner conductors at two ends of the second jumper are respectively connected to the second microstrip line and the output end of the second fixed shifter 10.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth directional couplers are all coupled line directional couplers.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the whole circuit of each directional coupler is disposed on the substrate, the first and second input ends and the first and second output ends of each directional coupler are disposed on the same end surface of the substrate, but the second transmission line from the first input end to the second output end and the first transmission line from the second input end to the first output end of each directional coupler are disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate, the first transmission line from the second input end to the first output end of each directional coupler is connected to the second input end and the first output end of the directional coupler through a metal via penetrating through the substrate, and the first transmission line is connected to the second transmission line through a metalized via.
Specifically, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are microstrip lines.
Specifically, the microstrip lines connected to the second input end 22 and the first output end 23 of the first directional coupler 1 and the microstrip lines connected to the first input end 21 and the second output end 24 of the first directional coupler 1 are respectively disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate. The second input terminal 22 of the first directional coupler 1 is connected to the third input port in3 through a metalized via of the substrate, and the first output terminal 23 of the first directional coupler 1 is connected to the input terminal of the first fixed mover 9 through a metalized via of the substrate.
The microstrip lines connected to the first input end 25 and the second output end 28 of the second directional coupler 2 and the microstrip lines connected to the second input end 26 and the first output end 27 are respectively disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate. The first input 25 of the second directional coupler 2 is connected to the fourth input port in4 through a metalized via of the substrate, and the second output 28 of the second directional coupler 2 is connected to the second input 30 of the third directional coupler 3 through a metalized via of the substrate.
The microstrip lines connected to the first input end 29 and the second output end 32 of the third directional coupler 3 and the microstrip lines connected to the second input end 30 and the first output end 31 are respectively disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate. The first input 29 of the third directional coupler 3 is connected to the output of the second fixed mover 10 through a metallized via of the substrate, and the second output 32 of the third directional coupler 3 is connected to the input of the fifth fixed mover 13 through a metallized via of the substrate.
The microstrip lines connected to the first input end 33 and the second output end 36 of the fourth directional coupler 4 and the microstrip lines connected to the second input end 34 and the first output end 35 are respectively disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate, and the microstrip lines connected to the first input end 37 and the second output end 40 of the fifth directional coupler 5 and the microstrip lines connected to the second input end 38 and the first output end 39 are respectively disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate. The first input end 33 of the fourth directional coupler 4 is connected to the second output end of the power divider 20 through the metalized via of the substrate, the second output end 36 of the fourth directional coupler 4 is connected to the first input end 37 of the fifth directional coupler 5 through the metalized via of the substrate, and the second output end 40 of the fifth directional coupler 5 is connected to the input end of the eleventh fixed shifter 19 through the metalized via of the substrate.
The microstrip lines connected to the first input end 41 and the second output end 44 of the sixth directional coupler 6 and the microstrip lines connected to the second input end 42 and the first output end 43 are respectively disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate. A first input 41 of the sixth directional coupler 6 is connected to the output of the first fixed mover 9 through a metallized via of the substrate and a second output 44 of the sixth directional coupler 6 is connected to the input of the fourth fixed mover 12 through a metallized via of the substrate.
The microstrip lines connected to the first input terminal 45 and the second output terminal 48 of the seventh directional coupler 7, the microstrip lines connected to the second input terminal 46 and the first output terminal 47, and the microstrip lines connected to the first input terminal 49 and the second output terminal 52 of the eighth directional coupler 8, the microstrip lines connected to the second input terminal 50 and the first output terminal 51, are disposed on the two opposite end surfaces of the substrate, respectively. The first input terminal 45 of the seventh directional coupler 7 is connected to the first output terminal of the power divider 20 through a plated through hole of the substrate, the second output terminal 48 of the seventh directional coupler 7 is connected to the first input terminal 49 of the eighth directional coupler 8 through a plated through hole of the substrate, and the second output terminal 52 of the eighth directional coupler 8 is connected to the input terminal of the eighth fixed shifter 16 through a plated through hole of the substrate.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh fixed shifters are all provided with open branches for adjusting the phase.
Specifically, the third fixed shifter 11 is a reference line of a shifter, and the first fixed shifter 9 is a 30 ° fixed angle shifter for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 30 °; the second fixed mover 10 is a 120 ° fixed angle mover for delaying a transmission phase of a signal inputted thereto by 120 °; the fourth fixed mover 12 and the fifth fixed mover 13 are 90 ° fixed angle movers for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 90 °; the seventh fixed shifter 15 and the tenth fixed shifter 18 are 105 ° fixed angle shifters for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 105 °; the sixth fixed shifter 14 and the ninth fixed shifter 17 are 120 ° fixed angle shifters for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 120 °; the eighth and eleventh fixed shifters 16 and 19 are 165 ° fixed angle shifters for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 165 °.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers, the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh fixed shifters and other devices are arranged on the substrate in a circuit form, so that the structure is compact, the size of the matrix feed network in the prior art is reduced, the material cost of the PCB is reduced, the directional couplers are in the form of layered coupling lines, the first transmission lines and the second transmission lines are respectively arranged on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate, the structure is compact, the size is small, meanwhile, each module is connected through strip line transmission lines and coaxial line jumper lines, the whole broadband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 x 6 butler matrix is integrated, the use of radio frequency connectors and connecting cables can be reduced, the number of welding points is small, the consistency of performance such as echo, isolation and third-order passive intermodulation of the whole five-beam antenna system can be improved.
Example two:
an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, which includes the wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 × 6 butler matrix according to any one of the embodiments.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A wideband multi-beam forming network based on a 5 x 6 butler matrix having first, second, third, fourth, fifth input ports and first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth output ports, characterized in that: the directional coupler comprises a substrate, a first directional coupler, a second directional coupler, a third directional coupler, a fourth directional coupler, a fifth directional coupler, a sixth directional coupler, a seventh directional coupler, an eighth directional coupler, a first fixed phase shifter, a second fixed phase shifter, a third fixed phase shifter, a fourth fixed phase shifter, a fifth fixed phase shifter, a sixth fixed phase shifter, a seventh fixed phase shifter, a ninth fixed phase shifter, a tenth fixed phase shifter and an eleventh fixed phase shifter, wherein the first directional coupler, the second directional coupler, the third directional coupler, the fourth directional coupler, the;
each directional coupler has a first input, a second input, a first output and a second output, each fixed phase shifter has an input and an output, the power divider has an input, a first output and a second output;
the input end of the power divider, the first input end and the second input end of the first directional coupler, and the first input end and the second input end of the second directional coupler are correspondingly connected with the first input port, the second input port, the third input port, the fourth input port and the fifth input port one by one, and the output end of the sixth fixed phase shifter, the output end of the seventh fixed phase shifter, the output end of the eighth fixed phase shifter, the output end of the ninth fixed phase shifter, the output end of the tenth fixed phase shifter and the output end of the eleventh fixed phase shifter are correspondingly connected with the first output port, the second output port, the third output port, the fourth output port, the fifth output port and the sixth output port one by one;
a first output end and a second output end of the first directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a first fixed phase shifter and an input end of a second fixed phase shifter;
the first output end and the second output end of the second directional coupler are respectively connected with the input end of a third fixed shifter and the second input end of a third directional coupler;
a first output end and a second output end of the third directional coupler are respectively connected with a second input end of the fourth directional coupler and an input end of the fifth fixed shifter;
a first output end and a second output end of the fourth directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a ninth fixed phase shifter and a first input end of a fifth directional coupler;
a first output end and a second output end of the fifth directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a tenth fixed shifter and an input end of an eleventh fixed shifter, and a second input end of the fifth directional coupler is connected with an output end of the fifth fixed shifter;
a first output end and a second output end of the sixth directional coupler are respectively connected with a second input end of the seventh directional coupler and an input end of the fourth fixed shifter, and a first input end and a second input end of the sixth directional coupler are respectively connected with an output end of the first fixed shifter and an output end of the third fixed shifter;
a first output end and a second output end of the seventh directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a sixth fixed shifter and a first input end of an eighth directional coupler, and a first input end of the seventh directional coupler is connected with a first output end of the power divider;
a first output end and a second output end of the eighth directional coupler are respectively connected with an input end of a seventh fixed phase shifter and an input end of an eighth fixed phase shifter, and a second input end of the eighth directional coupler is connected with an output end of the fourth fixed phase shifter;
a second output end of the power divider is connected with a first input end of the fourth directional coupler, and an output end of the second fixed shifter is connected with a first input end of the third directional coupler;
when an electric signal is input from any one input port, six signals with equal amplitude and equal phase difference series are output from the six output ports.
2. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix according to claim 1, wherein the third fixed shifter is a reference line of a shifter, and the first fixed shifter is a 30 ° fixed angle shifter for delaying a transmission phase of a signal inputted thereto by 30 °; the second fixed shifter is a 120 ° fixed angle shifter for delaying a transmission phase of a signal inputted thereto by 120 °; the fourth and fifth fixed movers are 90-degree fixed angle movers, and are used for delaying the transmission phase of the signal input into the fourth and fifth fixed movers by 90 degrees; the seventh and tenth fixed movers are 105 ° fixed angle movers for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 105 °; the sixth fixed shifter and the ninth fixed shifter are 120-degree fixed angle shifters and are used for delaying the transmission phase of the signal input into the sixth fixed shifter by 120 degrees; the eighth and eleventh fixed shifters are 165 ° fixed angle shifters for delaying the transmission phase of the signal inputted thereto by 165 °.
3. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix according to claim 1, wherein the first output ends and the first input ends of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are on the same side, and the second output ends and the second input ends of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are on the same side; the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are all in a strip line structure.
4. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix of claim 1, wherein the signal power of each output terminal corresponding to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers is half of the signal power of its signal input terminal, and the phase of the signal of the output terminal on the opposite side of the signal input terminal lags behind the phase of the signal of the output terminal on the same side of the signal input terminal by 90 °.
5. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix according to claim 1, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth directional couplers are coupled line directional couplers.
6. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix according to claim 1, wherein the whole circuit of each directional coupler is disposed on the substrate, the first and second input terminals and the first and second output terminals of each directional coupler are disposed on the same end surface of the substrate, but the second transmission line from the first input terminal to the second output terminal and the first transmission line from the second input terminal to the first output terminal of each directional coupler are disposed on two opposite end surfaces of the substrate, the first transmission line from the second input terminal to the first output terminal of each directional coupler is connected to the second input terminal and the first output terminal of the directional coupler through metal vias penetrating through the substrate, and the first transmission line is connected to the second transmission line through the metal vias.
7. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix of claim 1, further comprising a first microstrip line disposed on the substrate and connected to the second output terminal of the power divider, and a second microstrip line connected to the output terminal of the second fixed mover, wherein the first microstrip line is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the fourth directional coupler through a first jumper, and the second microstrip line is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the third directional coupler through a second jumper.
8. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix according to claim 7, wherein the first and second jumper wires and the first and second microstrip lines and the first and second input ends, the first and second output ends, and the second and third directional couplers of the fourth directional coupler are respectively disposed on the same end surface of the substrate, and when the first jumper wire is a coaxial transmission line, the inner conductors at both ends thereof are respectively connected to the first microstrip line and the second output end of the power divider, and when the second jumper wire is a coaxial transmission line, the inner conductors at both ends thereof are respectively connected to the second microstrip line and the output end of the second fixed mover.
9. The broadband multi-beam forming network based on the 5 x 6 butler matrix according to claim 1, wherein the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh fixed shifters are all provided with open-circuited branches for adjusting the phase.
10. An antenna comprising the broadband multi-beam forming network of any one of claims 1-9.
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