CN112857733B - Device for quickly closing shock tunnel throat - Google Patents
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- CN112857733B CN112857733B CN202110258861.XA CN202110258861A CN112857733B CN 112857733 B CN112857733 B CN 112857733B CN 202110258861 A CN202110258861 A CN 202110258861A CN 112857733 B CN112857733 B CN 112857733B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for quickly closing a shock wave wind tunnel throat, which is used for quickly closing the shock wave wind tunnel throat and comprises a driven section, a quick valve section and a spray pipe, wherein the driven section and the spray pipe are respectively arranged at two ends of the quick valve section, a piston cylinder is arranged between an adjusting strip I and an adjusting strip II, one end of the piston cylinder is provided with a flow guide block, one end of the flow guide block is connected with a throttling throat block, the other end of the piston cylinder is provided with a sliding hole, a valve rod is arranged in the sliding hole in a sliding manner, one end of the valve rod is fixedly connected with a piston block, the other end of the valve rod is fixedly provided with a valve core matched with a throat opening of the spray pipe, and a spring is arranged in the piston cylinder. The invention can not only prevent the high-pressure driving gas which effectively flows out from the test gas from scouring the test model and the test sensor which are positioned at the outlet of the spray pipe, but also prevent the possibly generated valve falling of the diaphragm of the driven section from damaging the throat and the test model of the spray pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hypersonic test equipment, in particular to a device for quickly closing a throat of a shock tunnel.
Background
The shock tunnel is a pulse type tunnel which utilizes shock waves to compress test gas and generates hypersonic test airflow through a steady expansion method. The shock tunnel is usually composed of a driving section, a driven section, a spray pipe, a test section and other sections in sequence. The driving section and the driven section are separated from the spraying pipe by membranes respectively, the driving section is filled with high-pressure driving gas, the driven section is filled with test gas with lower pressure, the spraying pipe and the test section are pumped into a vacuum simulated air environment, and the test model is positioned in the test section at the outlet of the spraying pipe.
After the diaphragm of the driving section is instantaneously broken, because of huge pressure difference between the driving section and the driven section, the high-pressure driving gas of the driving section can push the low-pressure test gas of the driven section, and an incident shock wave which propagates downstream is generated in the driven section to enable the pressure, the temperature and the speed of the initial test gas to jump, and the diaphragm (a second membrane) between the driven section and the spray pipe is broken; the incident shock wave generates a reflection shock wave at the inlet of the spray pipe, and the test gas is compressed again, so that the pressure and the temperature of the test gas jump again, and the speed is basically stopped. After the test gas is compressed by two shock waves of an incident shock wave and a reflected shock wave, high-temperature and high-pressure stagnation test gas with short airflow length is generated at the inlet of the spray pipe. The high-temperature high-pressure test gas is expanded and accelerated through the spray pipe, and high-Mach-number test gas flow is obtained at the outlet of the spray pipe.
After the initial test gas in the driven section is repeatedly compressed by the shock wave, the pressure generally has a great jump of tens of times or even hundreds of times, so that the length of the high-temperature and high-pressure stagnation test gas generated at the inlet of the spray pipe is very short, and the expanded drive gas is used thereafter. For the shock tunnel, only high-temperature and high-pressure stagnation test gas is effective gas required by the test. After the test gas in the conventional shock tunnel flows out, more high-pressure driving gas is blown onto the test model through the spray pipe in an accelerated manner, the pressure is higher, the duration is longer, and the service life of a test sensor on the test model is shortened seriously.
In addition, the shock tunnel driving section diaphragm is easy to generate slag and even flap drop under the action of reciprocating oscillation airflow pressure after being cracked and opened instantly, and the diaphragm residue moves downstream at a high speed along with driving gas, so that the throat and a test model are easy to damage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a device for quickly closing a throat of a shock tunnel, which aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a device for quickly closing the throat of shock tunnel is composed of driven segment, fast valve segment and nozzle, the driven section and the spray pipe are respectively arranged at two ends of the quick valve section, the two ends of the interior of the quick valve section are respectively provided with an adjusting strip I and an adjusting strip II, a piston cylinder is arranged between the adjusting strip I and the adjusting strip II, one end of the piston cylinder is provided with a flow guide block, one end of the flow guide block is connected with a throttling throat block, the other end of the piston cylinder is provided with a sliding hole, a valve rod is arranged in the sliding hole in a sliding way, one end of the valve rod is fixedly connected with the piston block, and the other end of the valve rod is fixedly provided with a valve core matched with the throat opening of the spray pipe, a spring is arranged in the piston cylinder and sleeved on the valve rod, and two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the end face of the piston block and the inner end face of the piston cylinder, and a driven section diaphragm is installed at the throat opening of the spray pipe.
Further, a plurality of trapezoidal grooves of falling have been seted up on the inner wall of quick valve section, and equal slidable mounting has the support radials in each trapezoidal groove of falling, straight slot has been seted up on the outer wall of piston cylinder, the opposite side slidable mounting that supports the radials is in straight slot.
Further, a sealing element I is installed inside the sliding hole, and a sealing element II is installed on the side face of the piston block.
Furthermore, a threaded hole is formed in one end of the through hole in the flow guide block, an external thread matched with the threaded hole is arranged on the surface of the throttling throat block, and the throttling throat block is installed in the threaded hole in a threaded mode.
Furthermore, an internal thread is arranged at one end of the piston cylinder, an external thread is arranged on the surface of the outer side of one end of the flow guide block, and one end of the flow guide block is installed inside one end of the piston cylinder in a threaded mode.
Further, one end of the valve rod is provided with an external thread, and the valve core thread is sleeved on the section of the valve rod with the external thread.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel is mainly used for quickly closing the throat inlet after the effective test gas of the reflection-type shock tunnel flows out, so that the high-pressure drive gas flowing out of the effective test gas can be prevented from scouring a test model and a test sensor which are positioned at the outlet of a spray pipe, and the throat and the test model of the spray pipe can be prevented from being damaged by the fact that a diaphragm of a driven section falls off.
2. According to the device for rapidly closing the shock tunnel throat, provided by the invention, the pressure in the area is rapidly increased by tens of times after the test gas is repeatedly compressed by the shock tube, the force for driving the valve rod and the valve core to move rightwards is very large, the moving parts only comprise the valve rod and the valve core, the moving parts are light in weight and rapid in acceleration, and millisecond-level rapid closing can be realized.
3. When the device for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel is implemented, the spring is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the device can be suitable for test gases with different initial pressures by selecting springs with different stiffness and compression amount.
4. When the device for quickly closing the shock tunnel throat is implemented, the throttle throat block is convenient to disassemble and assemble, the left end pressure change process of the piston block can be controlled by selecting the throttle throat blocks with different flow coefficients, and the acceleration process of the valve rod and the valve core is adjusted to adapt to different throat closing time requirements.
5. When the device for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel is implemented, the adjusting strips are convenient to replace, and the initial distances between the valve rod, the valve core and the throat can be adjusted by selecting the adjusting strips I and the adjusting strips II with different lengths.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid shock tunnel throat closing device according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a driven segment; 2. a fast valve section; 3. a nozzle; 4. a flow guide block; 5. a throttle throat block; 6. a piston cylinder; 7. supporting the web; 8. a valve stem; 9. a valve core; 10. a driven section diaphragm; 11. adjusting strips I; 12. adjusting strips II; 13. a seal member I; 14. a seal member II; 15. a spring; 16. a piston block; a. a left cavity; b. and a right cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention,
referring to fig. 1-2, a device for rapidly closing a shock wave wind tunnel throat comprises a driven section 1, a rapid valve section 2 and a spray pipe 3, wherein the driven section 1 and the spray pipe 3 are respectively installed at two ends of the rapid valve section 2, an adjusting strip I11 and an adjusting strip II12 are respectively installed at two ends inside the rapid valve section 2, a piston cylinder 6 is installed between the adjusting strip I11 and the adjusting strip II12, a flow guide block 4 is installed at one end of the piston cylinder 6, a throttling throat block 5 is connected to one end of the flow guide block 4, a sliding hole is formed at the other end of the piston cylinder 6, a valve rod 8 is slidably installed in the sliding hole, a piston block 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the valve rod 8, a valve core 9 matched with a throat opening of the spray pipe 3 is fixedly installed at the other end of the valve rod 8, a spring 15 is installed inside the piston cylinder 6, the spring 15 is sleeved on the valve rod 8, and two ends of the spring 15 respectively abut against an end face of the piston block 16 and an inner end face of the piston cylinder 6, the throat opening of the nozzle 3 is provided with a driven section diaphragm 10.
Specifically, a plurality of trapezoidal grooves of falling have been seted up on the inner wall of quick valve section 2, and each falls equal slidable mounting in the trapezoidal groove and has supported radials 7, straight slot has been seted up on the outer wall of piston cylinder 6, the opposite side slidable mounting that supports radials 7 is in straight slot. A sealing element I13 is arranged in the sliding hole, and a sealing element II14 is arranged on the side surface of the piston block 16.
Specifically, the driven section 1 is a downstream pipe section of the shock tube, the interior of the driven section is a cylindrical cavity, initial low-pressure test gas is filled into the cavity during the test, high-temperature high-pressure test gas is formed in the downstream pipe section after the test is started, and the downstream end is fixedly connected with the quick valve section 2 and the spray pipe 3 through a film clamping mechanism; the interior of the quick valve section 2 is a cylindrical cavity, the inner diameter of the quick valve section is consistent with that of the driven section 1, through grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumference are formed in the axial direction of the inner wall, the cross section of each groove is in an inverted trapezoid shape and is used for mounting a supporting radial plate 7, an adjusting strip I11 and an adjusting strip II11, and the number of the grooves is the same as that of the supporting radial plate 7; the nozzle 3 is a section for accelerating the constant expansion of gas and has an axisymmetric type contraction and expansion nozzle structure, and the throat of the nozzle 3 is positioned near an inlet; the flow guide block 4 is of an axisymmetric structure, is coaxial with the piston cylinder 6, is fixed at the left end of the piston cylinder 6 through threads, is conical in shape, is provided with a through hole in the middle, is provided with internal threads at the right end of the through hole, and is in threaded connection with external threads of the throttle throat block 5; the throttle throat block 5 is of an axisymmetric structure, and a contraction and expansion type hole is processed inside the throttle throat block and is used for adjusting the air inlet flow; the piston cylinder 6 is generally cylindrical and is coaxial with the quick valve section 2, non-penetrating grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference in the axial direction of the outer wall and used for mounting a supporting radial plate 7, the number of the grooves is the same as that of the supporting radial plate 7, and internal threads are processed at the left end and are in threaded connection with external threads of the flow guide block 4; the supporting radial plates 7 are of rectangular flat plate structures, are fixedly installed in corresponding grooves of the flow guide blocks 4 and the quick valve sections 2, are used for supporting the flow guide blocks 4 to enable the flow guide blocks to be coaxial with the quick valve sections 2, are more than or equal to 3 in number, and are uniformly distributed along the circumference.
The piston block 16 is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing element II14 to enable the piston block 16 and the piston cylinder 6 to be in sliding seal, the valve rod 8 is inserted into a sliding hole formed in the right end of the piston cylinder 6 and is in sliding seal with the sliding hole through a sealing element I13, and the right end of the valve rod 8 is provided with an internal thread which is in threaded connection with an external thread of the valve core 9; the valve core 9 and the valve rod 8 are coaxial and have a blunt end short handle structure, the short handle at the left end is processed with external threads and is in threaded connection with the internal threads at the right end of the valve core 9, the right end has a blunt bulb structure and is used for plugging the throat of the spray pipe 3, and the diameter of the blunt end bottom of the blunt bulb is larger than the throat of the spray pipe 3; the driven section diaphragm 10 is of a flat-plate type rupture disc structure, is arranged between the quick valve section 2 and the spray pipe 3, and is used for dividing a test gas filling area and a vacuum area before a test. The adjusting strip I11 is of a long strip rod structure, the cross section of the rod is inverted trapezoid, and the adjusting strip I11 is installed at the right end of the groove of the quick valve section 2 and used for limiting the supporting radial plate 7 to move rightwards; the adjusting bar II12 is arranged at the left end of the groove of the quick valve section 2 and is used for limiting the support web plate 7 to move leftwards; the spring 15 is a cylindrical compression spring, and is installed in a closed cavity (right cavity b) formed by the valve rod 8 and the piston cylinder 6, so that the initial state of the valve rod 8 is always positioned at the leftmost end of the piston cylinder 6, and the throat is in an open state.
When the device for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel is used, the device is as follows:
before the first step and the test, under the action of a spring 15, a piston block 16 at one end of a valve rod 8 is kept at the leftmost end of the quick valve section 2;
secondly, after the test is started, the driven section diaphragm 10 is broken, and stable high-temperature high-pressure test gas is formed at the downstream pipe section of the driven section 1, the quick valve section 2 and the inlet of the spray pipe 3;
thirdly, the high-temperature high-pressure test gas sequentially passes through the middle through hole of the flow guide block 4 and the throttle throat block 5 to enter the left cavity a of the piston cylinder 6, the internal pressure of the left cavity a is increased, and a rightward acting force is formed on the left end face of the piston block 16; meanwhile, the valve core 9 presses the valve rod 8 to generate acting force towards the left;
fourthly, as the rightward bearing area is larger than the leftward bearing area, the rightward acting force on the valve rod 8 gradually overcomes the leftward total acting force along with the advance of time, the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 are driven to move rightward in an accelerated manner, and the distance between the valve core 9 and the throat of the spray pipe 3 is gradually close to each other;
fifthly, after the effective experimental gas flows out, the valve core 9 is completely contacted and compressed with the throat of the spray pipe 3, and then the driving gas is sealed in the shock tube;
and sixthly, starting a wind tunnel emptying process, gradually emptying the driving gas required to flow away in the shock tube, gradually lowering the pressure of the shock tube, driving the valve core 9 to move leftwards by the valve rod 8 under the action of the compressed gas in the cavity b on the right side of the piston cylinder 6 and the spring 15 until the initial state is recovered, re-opening the throat of the spray pipe 3, and quickly entering the test section by the residual low-pressure driving gas in the shock tube through the throat of the spray pipe 3, thereby realizing the quick closing and re-opening of the throat of the shock tube.
It should be noted that the total force to the left in the fourth step includes the pneumatic force inside the right chamber b, the elastic force of the spring 15 and the pushing force of the valve core 9.
The working principle is as follows: the movement of the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 is mainly driven by the resultant force of the left pressure of the valve rod 8, the surrounding pressure of the valve core 9, the pressure between the valve rod 8 and the closed cavity of the piston cylinder 6, the spring force between the valve rod 8 and the piston cylinder 6 and the friction force. The pressure between the valve rod 8 and the closed cavity of the piston cylinder 6, the spring force between the valve rod 8 and the piston cylinder 6 and the friction force are relatively small, and the throat can be in an open state only by resisting the initial test pressure; when the test gas is repeatedly compressed by the shock tube, the pressure in the area at one end of the front end of the throat is rapidly increased, and the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 inevitably move rightwards in an accelerated manner to close the throat due to the difference of the pressure-bearing area of the valve rod 8. Therefore, closing the throat is inevitable. And because the test gas is repeatedly compressed by the shock tube, the pressure in the area is sharply increased by tens of times, the force for driving the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 to move rightwards is very large, and the moving parts only comprise the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9, so that the moving parts are light in weight and rapid in acceleration, and millisecond-level rapid closing can be realized.
In conclusion, the device for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel provided by the invention is mainly used for quickly closing the inlet of the throat after the effective test gas of the reflection-type shock tunnel flows out, so that the high-pressure drive gas flowing out of the effective test gas can be prevented from scouring the test model and the test sensor positioned at the outlet of the spray pipe, and the possibly-generated flap of the membrane 10 at the driven section can be prevented from damaging the throat and the test model of the spray pipe 3. In practice, the rigidity and the compression amount of the spring 15 can be adjusted to adapt to test gases with different initial pressures; the left end pressure change process of the piston block can be controlled by adjusting the throttle throat block 5 with different flow coefficients, and the acceleration processes of the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 are adjusted to adapt to different throat closing time requirements; the initial distance between the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 and the throat can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting strip I11 and the adjusting strip II12, so that the use is very convenient.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A device for quickly closing a shock tunnel throat is characterized by comprising a driven section (1), a quick valve section (2) and a spray pipe (3), wherein the driven section (1) and the spray pipe (3) are respectively installed at two ends of the quick valve section (2), an adjusting strip I (11) and an adjusting strip II (12) are respectively installed at two ends of the interior of the quick valve section (2), a piston cylinder (6) is installed between the adjusting strip I (11) and the adjusting strip II (12), a guide block (4) is installed at one end of the piston cylinder (6), a throttling throat block (5) is connected at one end of the guide block (4), a sliding hole is formed in the other end of the piston cylinder (6), a valve rod (8) is installed in the sliding hole in a sliding mode, a piston block (16) is fixedly connected to one end of the valve rod (8), and a valve core (9) matched with a throat opening of the spray pipe (3) is fixedly installed at the other end of the valve rod (8), the inner mounting of piston cylinder (6) has spring (15), spring (15) cover on valve rod (8), and the both ends of spring (15) respectively with the terminal surface of piston piece (16) and the interior terminal surface of piston cylinder (6) are contradicted, driven section diaphragm (10) are installed to the throat mouth of spray tube (3).
2. The device for rapidly closing the shock tunnel throat according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of inverted trapezoidal grooves are formed in the inner wall of the rapid valve section (2), a supporting radial plate (7) is slidably mounted in each inverted trapezoidal groove, a straight groove is formed in the outer wall of the piston cylinder (6), and the other side of the supporting radial plate (7) is slidably mounted in the straight groove.
3. The device for rapidly closing the throat of the shock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein a sealing element I (13) is installed inside the sliding hole, and a sealing element II (14) is installed on the side surface of the piston block (16).
4. The device for rapidly closing the shock tunnel throat according to claim 1, wherein a threaded hole is formed in one end of a through hole in the flow guide block (4), an external thread matched with the threaded hole is arranged on the surface of the throttling throat block (5), and the throttling throat block (5) is installed in the threaded hole in a threaded manner.
5. The device for rapidly closing the shock tunnel throat according to claim 1, wherein an internal thread is arranged at one end of the piston cylinder (6), an external thread is arranged on the outer side surface of one end of the flow guide block (4), and one end of the flow guide block (4) is installed inside one end of the piston cylinder (6) in a threaded manner.
6. The device for rapidly closing the shock tunnel throat according to claim 1, wherein an external thread is arranged at one end of the valve rod (8), and the valve core (9) is sleeved on the end of the valve rod (8) with the external thread in a threaded manner.
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| CN202110258861.XA CN112857733B (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Device for quickly closing shock tunnel throat |
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| CN202110258861.XA CN112857733B (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Device for quickly closing shock tunnel throat |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114544134B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-01 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Gas type wind tunnel based on rail acceleration |
| CN117664501A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-03-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Buffer structure and method for pipe wind tunnel |
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