CN112856376A - Control method for overtemperature of boiler water-cooling wall of supercritical unit - Google Patents
Control method for overtemperature of boiler water-cooling wall of supercritical unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN112856376A CN112856376A CN202110068186.4A CN202110068186A CN112856376A CN 112856376 A CN112856376 A CN 112856376A CN 202110068186 A CN202110068186 A CN 202110068186A CN 112856376 A CN112856376 A CN 112856376A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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Abstract
The invention provides a control method for overtemperature of a boiler water-cooled wall of a supercritical unit, belonging to the field of power generation. The control method comprises the following steps: acquiring the temperature value of a water-cooled wall of the boiler in real time, and acquiring the running load of the boiler; determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall; determining the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the current moment and the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the previous moment; and controlling a boiler fuel feeding mode according to the temperature state of the boiler water-cooled wall and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water-cooled wall. The invention ensures the automatic and effective regulation of the temperature of the water wall of the boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal power generation, in particular to a control method for overtemperature of a boiler water wall of a supercritical unit.
Background
The load peak-valley value of the power grid needs to be adjusted by the coal-fired power plant, when a generator set in the coal-fired power plant reduces load operation, the water cooling wall of a boiler of the generator set can generate a serious overtemperature phenomenon, and how to effectively control the temperature of the water cooling wall of the boiler of the generator set is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method for over-temperature of a boiler water wall of a supercritical unit, which at least solves the problem of reducing the load of a generator to operate and the boiler water wall of the unit.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a control method for overtemperature of a boiler water wall of a supercritical unit, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the temperature value of a water-cooled wall of the boiler in real time, and acquiring the running load of the boiler;
determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall;
determining the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the current moment and the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the previous moment;
controlling a boiler fuel feeding mode according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall; or
And controlling the flow of the cooling water of the boiler and/or controlling the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and/or controlling the operation load of the boiler according to the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature change trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
Optionally, the controlling a fuel feeding mode of the boiler according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall includes:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a first load reduction operation range and the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is an overtemperature state, controlling the fuel feeding mode of the boiler by controlling the operation mode of a fuel system until the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state.
Optionally, the controlling the flow of the boiler cooling water according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall, the temperature variation trend of the boiler water wall and the operation load capacity of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall includes:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is an over-temperature state and the temperature change trend of the boiler water-cooling wall is an ascending trend, the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall is reduced by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler and increasing the flow of the boiler cooling water until the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is converted into a normal state; the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
Optionally, the controlling the flow rate of the boiler cooling water, the controlling the heat dissipation air volume of the boiler, and the controlling the operation load of the boiler according to the temperature state of the boiler water-cooled wall, the temperature change trend of the boiler water-cooled wall, and the operation load of the boiler, to adjust the temperature of the boiler water-cooled wall includes:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is an over-temperature state and the temperature change trend of the boiler water-cooling wall is an ascending trend, adjusting the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler, increasing the flow of the boiler cooling water, increasing the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and increasing the operation load of the boiler until the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is converted into a normal state;
the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
Optionally, the control method further includes: acquiring a power grid load state;
and controlling the flow of the cooling water of the boiler and/or controlling the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and/or controlling the operation state of the boiler according to the load state of the power grid, the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature change trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler and the operation load quantity of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
Optionally, the adjusting the temperature of the water cooled wall of the boiler according to the load state of the power grid, the temperature state of the water cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature variation trend of the water cooled wall of the boiler, and the operation load of the boiler by controlling the flow of cooling water of the boiler, and/or controlling the heat dissipation air volume of the boiler, and/or controlling the operation state of the boiler includes:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the water cooling wall of the boiler is an overtemperature state, the temperature variation trend of the water cooling wall of the boiler is an ascending trend, and the load state of a power grid is a state of not allowing power reduction, the flow of cooling water of the boiler is increased, the heat dissipation air volume of the boiler is increased, and the boiler is controlled to enter a wet operation state by increasing the water supply quantity of a water cooling system of the boiler,
adjusting the temperature of the boiler water wall until the temperature state of the boiler water wall is converted into a normal state; the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
Optionally, the fuel system includes a plurality of coal mills, feed inlets corresponding to the plurality of coal mills are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the supercritical unit boiler, and the operation mode of the fuel system includes: sequentially controlling coal mills corresponding to the feed ports to stop running from top to bottom according to the sequence of the feed ports of the boiler;
the fuel feeding mode of the boiler comprises the following steps: the amount of fuel delivered is gradually reduced during the fuel delivery process.
Optionally, the fuel system includes a plurality of coal mills, feed inlets corresponding to the plurality of coal mills are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the supercritical unit boiler, and the operation mode of the fuel system includes: and the operation load of the boiler is the corresponding operation mode of the coal mill when the lowest boiler load is reached.
Optionally, the increasing the flow rate of the boiler cooling water includes: the water supply quantity of a water cooling system of the boiler is increased in different gradients within a preset range.
Optionally, determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall includes:
when the temperature value of any one of the temperature values of the plurality of zone water-cooled walls exceeds a standard value corresponding to the corresponding boiler operation load, determining that the temperature is in an overtemperature state;
the plurality of zone water-cooled walls comprise spiral zone water-cooled walls, front wall zone water-cooled walls, side wall zone water-cooled walls and rear water front screen zone water-cooled walls.
According to the technical scheme, the feeding mode of the boiler fuel is controlled according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall and the operation load of the boiler, so that the temperature of the boiler water wall is adjusted; or according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall, the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall and the operation load of the boiler, controlling the flow of the boiler cooling water, and/or controlling the heat dissipation air volume of the boiler, and/or controlling the operation load of the boiler, so as to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall; different modes are adopted to adjust the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall, so that the automatic and effective adjustment of the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall is ensured, and the safety of a coal-fired power plant is improved.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a control method for overtemperature of a boiler water wall of a supercritical unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another control method for over-temperature of a boiler water wall of a supercritical unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The preferable boiler of the supercritical unit in the embodiment adopts a SWUP type boiler, and the boiler is provided with a built-in starting system with a circulating pump; the whole boiler consists of a lower spiral water-cooled wall and an upper vertical water-cooled wall, and the water circulation system adopts a centralized water supply, dispersive leading-in and leading-out mode. The boiler is provided with temperature sensors for detecting temperature values of the water-cooled walls at 233 water-cooled wall temperature measuring points in total, wherein the time interval of detection is 30 seconds, 200 spiral water-cooled wall temperature measuring points are arranged, the temperature of the front wall is 7, the temperature of the side wall is 10, and the temperature of the front screen of rear water is 16. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a control method for over-temperature of a boiler water wall of a supercritical unit, as shown in fig. 1, the control method comprises: acquiring the temperature value of a water-cooled wall of the boiler in real time, and acquiring the running load of the boiler; determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall; determining the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the current moment and the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the previous moment; controlling a boiler fuel feeding mode according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall; when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a first load reduction operation range and the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is an overtemperature state, controlling the fuel feeding mode of the boiler by controlling the operation mode of a fuel system until the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state;
specifically, at the current moment, such as 12.00 points, when the temperature value of any one of the temperature values of the water walls in the spiral area, the front wall area, the side wall area and the rear water front screen area exceeds a standard value (such as 400 ℃) corresponding to the corresponding boiler operation load, the overtemperature condition is determined; the operation load quantity acquired from a control system of the generator set belongs to a first load reduction operation range (390MW-400MW), and the fuel feeding mode of the boiler is controlled by controlling the operation mode of a fuel system until the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state; optionally, because the fuel system includes a plurality of coal mills, feed inlets corresponding to the plurality of coal mills are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the supercritical unit boiler, the operation mode of the fuel system includes: sequentially controlling coal mills corresponding to the feed ports to stop running from top to bottom according to the sequence of the feed ports of the boiler; specifically, the operation load and the operation mode of the fuel system correspond to the start and stop of all coal mills one by one, and the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is reduced by adjusting the operation mode of the fuel system until the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state; if the load reduction of the boiler (the temperature of the boiler) corresponds to the stop of the fifth coal mill at the upper layer, under the condition that four coal mills at the middle and lower layers are not abnormal, the four coal mills at the middle and lower layers (A, B, C, D) are preferentially selected to operate; the fuel system operating mode comprises the following steps: the operation load of the boiler is the corresponding coal mill operation mode when the lowest boiler load is achieved; the coal mill operating mode at the lowest boiler load of the fuel system operating mode corresponds to: and opening a fifth coal mill on the upper layer and closing two coal mills (A and B) on the middle layer or closing two coal mills (C and D) on the lower layer to ensure the operation of the three coal mills, so as to maintain the normal operation of the boiler, wherein pipes of a water wall of the boiler are uniformly built according to the design standard, the overtemperature is generated on the wall temperature of the front wall, and the front wall, the side wall, the horizontal flue bottom pipe and the rear water front screen hanging pipe are all made of 15CrMoG materials, so that the material of the wall of the water wall is not a factor causing the overtemperature of the water wall of the boiler, and the judgment accuracy of the overtemperature is improved through zone measurement.
Of course, the fuel feeding mode of the boiler can be selected from the following modes: gradually reducing the amount of fuel delivered during the fuel delivery; the coal quantity entering the boiler by the coal mill is reduced, and the wall temperature of the boiler is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 2, in another embodiment, the temperature value of the water wall of the boiler is collected in real time, and the operation load of the boiler is obtained; determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall; determining the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the current moment and the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the previous moment; and controlling the flow of the cooling water of the boiler and/or controlling the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and/or controlling the operation load of the boiler according to the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature change trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
Optionally, when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is an over-temperature state, and the temperature change trend of the boiler water-cooling wall is an ascending trend, the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall is reduced by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler and increasing the flow of the boiler cooling water until the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is converted into a normal state; the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range. Specifically, when the current time is 13.00, the overtemperature condition is determined when the temperature value of any one of the acquired temperature values of the water walls in the multiple regions of the water wall of the spiral region, the water wall of the front wall region, the water wall of the side wall region and the water wall of the front water screen region exceeds a standard value (for example, 350 ℃) corresponding to the corresponding boiler operation load; the operation load quantity acquired from the control system of the generator set belongs to a second load reduction operation range (90MW-300MW) and the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the current moment (13.00 point) is larger than the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the previous moment (12 hours, 59 minutes and 30 seconds) and is determined as an ascending trend; the method comprises the steps of adjusting the temperature of a water cooling wall of the boiler by increasing the water supply quantity of a water cooling system of the boiler, increasing the flow of cooling water of the boiler, increasing the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and increasing the operation load quantity of the boiler until the temperature state of the water cooling wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state.
Optionally, the method for controlling the over-temperature of the boiler water wall of the supercritical unit further includes: acquiring a power grid load state;
and controlling the flow of the cooling water of the boiler and/or controlling the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and/or controlling the operation state of the boiler according to the load state of the power grid, the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature change trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler and the operation load quantity of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
Optionally, the adjusting the temperature of the water cooled wall of the boiler according to the load state of the power grid, the temperature state of the water cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature variation trend of the water cooled wall of the boiler, and the operation load of the boiler by controlling the flow of cooling water of the boiler, and/or controlling the heat dissipation air volume of the boiler, and/or controlling the operation state of the boiler includes:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is an overtemperature state, the temperature variation trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is an ascending trend, and the load state of a power grid is a state in which power reduction is not allowed, the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is adjusted by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler, increasing the flow of cooling water of the boiler, increasing the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and controlling the boiler to enter a wet operation state until the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state; the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
Optionally, the increasing the flow rate of the boiler cooling water includes: the water supply quantity of a water cooling system of the boiler is increased in different gradients within a preset range. In the second load reduction operation range and the first load reduction operation range, the water flow of the water cooling wall tubes is increased by increasing the cooling water flow of the boiler (such as increasing by 100 t/h), so that the working medium flow is increased, the flow state of the working medium in the partial water cooling wall tubes in the steam-liquid two-phase flow state is broken, and the water cooling walls are heated uniformly. The problem that when the supercritical once-through boiler operates at low load, the mass flow of the working medium in the pipe is low and basically in a gas-liquid two-phase flow state is solved, and the main expression is that the relation between the flow and the pressure difference is not single-valued but multi-valued. Two or more flows appear corresponding to one pressure difference, and for the wall pipe with small water flow, the heat absorption capacity is reduced, so that the pipe wall is locally overheated, and thermal deviation is generated;
the problem that the inner diameter of the throttling hole ring is reduced, so that the pressure distribution of the pipe group is uneven, and the flow of working media in the water-cooled wall is unstable and fluid among pipes pulsates is solved. The consequence of this phenomenon can cause the cooling medium of the water wall tube to be insufficient and heated unevenly, and finally generate overtemperature.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications are within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described separately for the various possible combinations.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method for overtemperature of a water wall of a supercritical unit boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the temperature value of a water-cooled wall of the boiler in real time, and acquiring the running load of the boiler;
determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall;
determining the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the current moment and the temperature value of the boiler water wall at the previous moment;
controlling a boiler fuel feeding mode according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall; or
And controlling the flow of the cooling water of the boiler and/or controlling the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and/or controlling the operation load of the boiler according to the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature change trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler and the operation load of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the controlling a boiler fuel feeding manner according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall and the operation load amount of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the boiler water wall comprises:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a first load reduction operation range and the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is an overtemperature state, controlling the fuel feeding mode of the boiler by controlling the operation mode of a fuel system until the temperature state of the water wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state.
3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting the boiler water wall temperature by controlling the flow rate of the boiler cooling water according to the temperature state of the boiler water wall, the trend of the temperature change of the boiler water wall, and the operation load amount of the boiler comprises:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is an over-temperature state and the temperature change trend of the boiler water-cooling wall is an ascending trend, the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall is reduced by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler and increasing the flow of the boiler cooling water until the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is converted into a normal state; the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
4. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting of the temperature of the boiler waterwall according to the temperature state of the boiler waterwall, the trend of the temperature of the boiler waterwall, and the amount of operational load of the boiler, controlling the flow rate of the boiler cooling water, controlling the amount of heat dissipation air of the boiler, and controlling the amount of operational load of the boiler comprises:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is an over-temperature state and the temperature change trend of the boiler water-cooling wall is an ascending trend, adjusting the temperature of the boiler water-cooling wall by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler, increasing the flow of the boiler cooling water, increasing the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and increasing the operation load of the boiler until the temperature state of the boiler water-cooling wall is converted into a normal state;
the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
5. The control method according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising: acquiring a power grid load state;
and controlling the flow of the cooling water of the boiler and/or controlling the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and/or controlling the operation state of the boiler according to the load state of the power grid, the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler, the temperature change trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler and the operation load quantity of the boiler to adjust the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
6. The control method according to claim 5, wherein the adjusting the temperature of the boiler water wall according to the power grid load state, the temperature state of the boiler water wall, the temperature change trend of the boiler water wall and the operation load amount of the boiler, the controlling of the flow rate of the boiler cooling water, and/or the controlling of the heat dissipation air volume of the boiler, and/or the controlling of the operation state of the boiler comprises:
when the operation load of the boiler belongs to a second load reduction operation range, the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is an overtemperature state, the temperature variation trend of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is an ascending trend, and the load state of a power grid is a state in which power reduction is not allowed, the temperature of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is adjusted by increasing the water supply quantity of a water-cooling system of the boiler, increasing the flow of cooling water of the boiler, increasing the heat dissipation air quantity of the boiler and controlling the boiler to enter a wet operation state until the temperature state of the water-cooled wall of the boiler is converted into a normal state; the maximum value of the second load reduction operation range is smaller than the minimum value of the first load reduction operation range.
7. The control method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the fuel system comprises a plurality of coal mills, and the side wall of the supercritical unit boiler is uniformly provided with feed ports corresponding to the plurality of coal mills, and the fuel system is operated in a manner that comprises: sequentially controlling coal mills corresponding to the feed ports to stop running from top to bottom according to the sequence of the feed ports of the boiler;
the fuel feeding mode of the boiler comprises the following steps: the amount of fuel delivered is gradually reduced during the fuel delivery process.
8. The control method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the fuel system comprises a plurality of coal mills, and the side wall of the supercritical unit boiler is uniformly provided with feed ports corresponding to the plurality of coal mills, and the fuel system is operated in a manner that comprises: and the operation load of the boiler is the corresponding operation mode of the coal mill when the lowest boiler load is reached.
9. The control method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the increasing the flow rate of the boiler cooling water includes: the water supply quantity of a water cooling system of the boiler is increased in different gradients within a preset range.
10. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein determining the temperature state of the boiler water wall according to the temperature value of the boiler water wall comprises:
when the temperature value of any one of the temperature values of the plurality of zone water-cooled walls exceeds a standard value corresponding to the corresponding boiler operation load, determining that the temperature is in an overtemperature state;
the plurality of zone water-cooled walls comprise spiral zone water-cooled walls, front wall zone water-cooled walls, side wall zone water-cooled walls and rear water front screen zone water-cooled walls.
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| CN112097232A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2020-12-18 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Coal-fired unit water-cooled wall overtemperature control system and method based on wall temperature prediction |
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