CN112848535A - 一种防火型麂皮绒面料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种防火型麂皮绒面料,包括：短纤绒毛层、第一麂皮绒层、防火层、第一聚乙烯层、空气层、亲肤层，第一聚乙烯层两侧分别粘附有阻燃剂、聚丙烯酸钠颗粒，阻燃剂为A60‑1改性氨基膨胀防火涂料或/和磷酸铵，空气层中填充的气体为阻燃性气体，防火层位于第一麂皮绒层、第一聚乙烯层之间且防火层包括偏二氯聚乙烯树脂、玻璃纤维、聚醚酰亚胺纤维/或N‑羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉，聚乙烯层的设置便于相邻层之间的原料粘接，简化工艺、提高面料的贴合度，在保证防火性的基础上可通过在最内侧设置第二聚乙烯层、第二麂皮绒层保证面料的选垂度。本发明涉及的麂皮绒防火性能好、成本低、悬垂度好，适合多种场合的推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防火面料技术领域，具体为一种防火型麂皮绒面料。
背景技术
仿麂皮绒面料是一种类似麂皮的人工面料，仿麂皮绒面料具有许多特点，其织物毛感柔软，有糯性，悬垂性好，质地轻薄，由于其许多性能都不亚于天然麂皮，甚至有些性能还优于天然麂皮，麂皮绒主要是在麂皮的外表面加工出短纤绒毛层形成麂皮绒，麂皮绒面料的应用广泛，可作为鞋面、服装、箱包、眼镜布、车内饰、沙发布等等。
面料处舒适、耐用、柔软等基本性能外，在特定使用环境中还被要求有特殊的性能，例如防水、防火、耐磨、防晒、保暖、抗寒等等；根据近年来的统计数据，商场、住户等地的火灾次数居高不下，所以防火面料的研发进入一个新阶段。现有技术中也有消防用防火布，但是由于价格加高，所以不适用于日常装修、家居面料使用，再者日常服饰面料遇到明火时会在短时间内大面积燃烧，轻者导致衣服损毁、造成经济损失，重者危及生命，所以使用阻燃防火型面料会大大提高使用安全性。
目前麂皮绒面料也具有一定防火功能，但是防火性能低且成本较高，不适用于大范围推广，本发明提出一种防火型麂皮绒面料，解决上述一个或多个技术问题。
发明内容
一种防火型麂皮绒面料，由外向内依次包括：短纤绒毛层1、第一麂皮绒层2、第一聚乙烯层3、空气层4、亲肤层5，所述第一聚乙烯层3靠近第一麂皮绒层2一侧分别粘附有阻燃剂6，所述亲肤层5是由相变储能纤维与芳纶混纺织而成，所述空气层4是位于第一聚乙烯层3、亲肤层5之间的气体层。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,所述亲肤层5为表面凹凸不平的波浪形结构，所述亲肤层5的外凸部分与所述第一聚乙烯层3之间固定，所述亲肤层5靠近第一聚乙烯层3一侧设置有外凸条状中空结构51，且所述条状中空结构中填充有阻燃剂6。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,所述阻燃剂6为A60-1改性氨基膨胀防火涂料、磷酸铵中的一种或多种。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,所述第一麂皮绒层2靠近第一聚乙烯层3的一侧分布有多个聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10吸水后会膨胀，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10彼此连在一起而形成抗火层，用于防火服时，可以在最短的时间内形成有效度的防火屏障，为面料的内侧防火设置延长作用时间，更大程度的保障防火救生人员的生命安全。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,空气层4中填充的气体为阻燃性气体，当空气层外侧被破坏时，空气层4中会释放阻燃气体，减缓火势的内延，进一步延长救生时间。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,还包括防火层9，所述防火层9位于第一麂皮绒层2、第一聚乙烯层3之间，所述防火层9的原料包括偏二氯聚乙烯树脂30～80份、玻璃纤维10～30份、聚醚酰亚胺纤维50～120份。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,防火层9还包括N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉30～50份。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,亲肤层5的内侧设置有第二聚乙烯层7、第二麂皮绒层8，第二及麂皮绒层8的设置是为了避免因为波浪状亲肤层5的存在导致防火型麂皮绒面料的垂度以及抗褶皱能力降低，第二聚乙烯层7的设置是为了使亲肤层5、第二麂皮绒层8之间易于粘接，简化面料的生产工艺。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,所述第一聚乙烯层3、第二聚乙烯层7的厚度相同，所述第一麂皮绒层2的厚度为第二麂皮绒层8厚度的1.2～2倍。
优选的，所述防火型麂皮绒面料,防火层9的面料处理方法如下：
(1)取摩尔数相同的硼酸、硼酸锌和硼酸铝溶解于水中完全溶解制备成防火浸泡液；
(2)将面料材料放到防火浸泡液中浸泡处理12小时以上，并每隔3个小时搓揉一次；
(3)将浸泡完成的原料风干，将偏二氯聚乙烯树脂、聚醚酰亚胺纤维螺旋缠绕成丝作为纬纱，将聚醚酰亚胺纤维、N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉螺旋缠绕成经纱，并采用斜纹组织，制成防火层，其中纬纱的截面积小于经纱的截面积，使防火层布料的表面凹凸有序，增加防火面积。
优势如下：
(1)空气层、外凸条状中空结构以及阻燃剂的设置大大提高了麂皮绒的防火性能，无论是日常使用，还是防火环境使用，都可大大提高面料织品的使用性能。
(2)第二麂皮绒层的设置及厚度设置，可在提高麂皮绒防火性的同时不损坏面料整体悬垂性；
(3)所用防火性材料的成本低，不会因防火性能的提高导致成本的大幅度提高；
(4)低成本、防火性能高，便于更多场合的推广使用。
附图说明：
下面结合附图对具体实施方式作进一步的说明，其中：
图1是本发明涉及的防火型麂皮绒面料平面示意图；
图2是具体实施案例1中换热挡板的平面示意图；
编号对应的具体结构如下：
短纤绒毛层1，第一麂皮绒层2，第一聚乙烯层3，空气层4，亲肤层5，外凸条状中空结构51，阻燃剂6，第二聚乙烯层7，第二麂皮绒层8，防火层9，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10，
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。
具体实施方式
具体实施案例1：
一种防火型麂皮绒面料，由外向内依次包括短纤绒毛层1、第一麂皮绒层2、第一聚乙烯层3、空气层4、亲肤层5，所述第一聚乙烯层3靠近第一麂皮绒层2一侧分别粘附有阻燃剂6，所述亲肤层5是由相变储能纤维与芳纶混纺织而成，所述空气层4是位于第一聚乙烯层3、亲肤层5之间的气体层。
其中，所述亲肤层5为表面凹凸不平的波浪形结构，所述亲肤层5的外凸部分与所述第一聚乙烯层3之间固定，所述亲肤层5靠近第一聚乙烯层3一侧设置有外凸条状中空结构51，且所述条状中空结构中填充有阻燃剂6。
进一步的,所述第一聚乙烯层3远离第一麂皮绒层2的一侧分布有多个聚丙烯酸钠颗粒，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒吸水后会膨胀，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒彼此连在一起而形成抗火层，用于防火服时，可以在最短的时间内形成有效度的防火屏障，为面料的内侧防火设置延长作用时间，更大程度的保障防火救生人员的生命安全。
进一步的,空气层4中填充的气体为阻燃性气体，当空气层外侧被破坏时，空气层4中会释放阻燃气体，减缓火势的内延，进一步延长救生时间。
可选择的，所述阻燃剂6为A60-1改性氨基膨胀防火涂料或/和磷酸铵。
具体实施案例2：
一种防火型麂皮绒面料，由外向内依次包括短纤绒毛层1、第一麂皮绒层2、第一聚乙烯层3、空气层4、亲肤层5，所述第一聚乙烯层3靠近第一麂皮绒层2一侧分别粘附有阻燃剂6，所述亲肤层5是由相变储能纤维与芳纶混纺织而成，所述空气层4是位于第一聚乙烯层3、亲肤层5之间的气体层。
其中，所述亲肤层5为表面凹凸不平的波浪形结构，所述亲肤层5的外凸部分与所述第一聚乙烯层3之间固定，所述亲肤层5靠近第一聚乙烯层3一侧设置有外凸条状中空结构51，且所述条状中空结构中填充有阻燃剂6。
可选择的，所述阻燃剂6为A60-1改性氨基膨胀防火涂料或/和磷酸铵。
进一步的,所述第一聚乙烯层3远离第一麂皮绒层2一侧分布有多个聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10吸水后会膨胀，聚丙烯酸钠颗粒10彼此连在一起而形成抗火层，用于防火服时，可以在最短的时间内形成有效度的防火屏障，为面料的内侧防火设置延长作用时间，更大程度的保障防火救生人员的生命安全。
进一步的,空气层4中填充的气体为阻燃性气体，当空气层外侧被破坏时，空气层4中会释放阻燃气体，减缓火势的内延，进一步延长救生时间。
可选择的，还包括防火层9，所述防火层9位于第一麂皮绒层2、第一聚乙烯层3之间，所述防火层9的原料包括偏二氯聚乙烯树脂50份、玻璃纤维25份、聚醚酰亚胺纤维105份，N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉45份。
进一步的,亲肤层5的内侧设置有第二聚乙烯层7、第二麂皮绒层8，第二及麂皮绒层8的设置是为了避免因为波浪状亲肤层5的存在导致防火型麂皮绒面料的垂度以及抗褶皱能力降低，第二聚乙烯层7的设置是为了使亲肤层5、第二麂皮绒层8之间易于粘接，简化面料的生产工艺。
进一步的,所述第一聚乙烯层3、第二聚乙烯层7的厚度相同，所述第一麂皮绒层2的厚度为第二麂皮绒层8厚度的1.2或1.5倍。
进一步的,防火层9的面料处理方法如下：
(1)取摩尔数相同的硼酸、硼酸锌和硼酸铝溶解于水中完全溶解制备成防火浸泡液；
(2)将面料材料放到防火浸泡液中浸泡处理12小时以上，并每隔3个小时搓揉一次；
(3)将浸泡完成的原料风干，将偏二氯聚乙烯树脂、聚醚酰亚胺纤维螺旋缠绕成丝作为纬纱，将聚醚酰亚胺纤维、N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉螺旋缠绕成经纱，并采用斜纹组织，制成防火层，其中纬纱的截面积小于经纱的截面积，使防火层布料的表面凹凸有序，增加防火面积。
具体实施案例3：
所述防火层9位于第一麂皮绒层2、第一聚乙烯层3之间，所述防火层9的原料包括偏二氯聚乙烯树脂50份、玻璃纤维30份、聚醚酰亚胺纤维110份，防火层9还包括N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉50份，上述与具体实施案例2相同。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种防火型麂皮绒面料，其特征在于：短纤绒毛层、第一麂皮绒层、第一聚乙烯层、空气层、亲肤层，所述第一聚乙烯层靠近第一麂皮绒层一侧粘附有阻燃剂，所述亲肤层是由相变储能纤维与芳纶混纺织而成，所述空气层是位于第一聚乙烯层、亲肤层之间的气体层。
2.如权利要求1所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：所述亲肤层为表面凹凸不平的波浪形结构，所述亲肤层的外凸部分与所述第一聚乙烯层之间固定，所述亲肤层靠近第一聚乙烯层一侧设置有外凸条状中空结构，且所述条状中空结构中填充有阻燃剂。
3.如权利要求1所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：所述阻燃剂为A60-1改性氨基膨胀防火涂料、磷酸铵中的一种或多种。
4.如权利要求1所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：所述第一聚乙烯层远离第一麂皮绒层一侧分布有多个聚丙烯酸钠颗粒。
5.如权利要求1所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：空气层中填充的气体为阻燃性气体。
6.如权利要求1所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：还包括防火层，所述防火层位于第一麂皮绒层、第一聚乙烯层之间，所述防火层的原料包括偏二氯聚乙烯树脂30～80份、玻璃纤维10～30份、聚醚酰亚胺纤维50～120份。
7.如权利要求6所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：防火层还包括N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉30～50份。
8.如权利要求1所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：亲肤层的内侧依次设置有第二聚乙烯层、第二麂皮绒层。
9.如权利要求8所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：所述第一聚乙烯层、第二聚乙烯层的厚度相同，所述第一麂皮绒层的厚度为第二麂皮绒层厚度的1.2～2倍。
10.如权利要求6所述防火型麂皮绒面料,其特征在于：防火层的面料处理方法如下，
(1)取摩尔数相同的硼酸、硼酸锌和硼酸铝溶解于水中完全溶解制备成防火浸泡液；
(2)将面料材料放到防火浸泡液中浸泡处理12小时以上，并每隔3个小时搓揉一次；
(3)将浸泡完成的原料风干，将偏二氯聚乙烯树脂、聚醚酰亚胺纤维螺旋缠绕成丝作为纬纱，将聚醚酰亚胺纤维、N-羟甲基二甲基膦酰丙酰胺阻燃棉螺旋缠绕成经纱，并采用斜纹组织，制成防火层，其中纬纱的截面积小于经纱的截面积，使防火层布料的表面凹凸有序。
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