CN112846065A - Cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846065A CN112846065A CN202110005780.9A CN202110005780A CN112846065A CN 112846065 A CN112846065 A CN 112846065A CN 202110005780 A CN202110005780 A CN 202110005780A CN 112846065 A CN112846065 A CN 112846065A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
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- B21K1/761—Making machine elements elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy, belonging to the technical field of aluminum alloy forging, and the technical scheme is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, blanking the raw material to obtain a blank; s2, first hot forging and heating the blank; s3, first hot forging the blank; s4, performing second hot forging and heating on the blank; s5, performing second hot forging on the blank; s6, blank forging, rounding and punching; s7, returning and heating the blank; s8, grinding the blank into a ring to obtain a ring forging; s9, performing solid solution strengthening on the ring forging; s10, ring forging artificial aging, the method effectively eliminates the risk of forging cracking and performance failure caused by residual crystalline phase.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy forging, in particular to a cooling modification forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the aerospace industry, the modern national defense industry and the transportation industry in China, the light weight of important stressed parts and structural parts promotes the increasing of the call for aluminum strip steel, and the usage amount and demand amount of aluminum alloy forgings are gradually increased.
The industry has placed ever higher demands on the size and performance of aluminum alloys, resulting in aluminum alloys moving toward high alloying and large gauge sizes. As the degree of alloying increases, the residual crystalline phases of the aluminum alloy increase; meanwhile, with the increase of the specification of the raw materials, the problems of residual crystalline phase and element segregation caused by solidification nonuniformity due to size effect are more and more serious in the solidification process of the high-alloying aluminum alloy; a large amount of residual crystal phases can greatly increase the risk of forging cracking and simultaneously can greatly reduce the mechanical property of the material, and the expected use effect cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy, which has the advantage of effectively eliminating the risks of forging cracking and performance failure caused by residual crystalline phase.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy comprises the following steps: s1, blanking the raw material to obtain a blank; s2, first hot forging and heating the blank; s3, first hot forging the blank; s4, performing second hot forging and heating on the blank; s5, performing second hot forging on the blank; s6, blank forging, rounding and punching; s7, returning and heating the blank; s8, grinding the blank into a ring to obtain a ring forging; s9, performing solid solution strengthening on the ring forging; and S10, artificially aging the ring forging.
Further, in step S2, the blank is placed in a heating furnace, heated to 480-520 ℃, and kept warm for 25-30 h.
Further, in step S3, the single-pass deformation amount of the billet is controlled to 55% to 65%.
Further, in step S3, the deformation speed of the billet is controlled to be 5mm/S to 12 mm/S.
Further, in step S4, the blank is placed in a heating furnace, heated to 460-500 ℃, and kept warm for 10-15 h.
Further, in step S5, the single-pass deformation amount of the billet is controlled to 50% to 60%.
Further, in step S5, the deformation speed of the billet is controlled to be 5mm/S to 8 mm/S.
Further, in step S7, the heating temperature range of the blank is 410-450 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 4-8 h.
Further, in step S9, heating the ring forging to 505-545 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6-10 h, discharging from the furnace, cooling by water, wherein the water temperature is 40-65 ℃, and the water inlet time is 20-40 min.
Further, in step S10, the ring forging is heated to 140-175 ℃, kept warm for 10-15 hours, taken out of the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by reasonably controlling the forging deformation, the influence of residual crystalline phase and element segregation caused by solidification nonuniformity due to size effect is reduced, and the mechanical property of the material is improved;
2. through reasonable heat treatment condition setting, along with the increase of temperature, the solubility of other elements in an aluminum matrix is increased, more coarse residual crystalline phases are reduced due to the dissolution in the matrix, the content of residual crystalline phases for agglomeration is reduced, the tendency of the residual crystalline phases to agglomerate greatly is weakened, and the residual crystalline phases in the alloy are eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the steps of a large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technique.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: a cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps:
s1, blanking raw materials to obtain blanks: blanking on the aluminum alloy ingot according to the size specification: phi 800X 1500 mm.
S2, first hot forging and heating of the blank: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, heating to 480 ℃, and preserving heat for 25 h. The temperature is adjusted according to different aluminum alloys, but the temperature is controlled within 25 ℃ below the over-burning point, so that the solubility of other elements in an aluminum matrix is improved, more coarse residual crystal phases are reduced due to dissolution in the matrix, and cracking caused by the residual crystal phases is reduced.
S3, first forging of blank: upsetting and drawing the blank along the axial direction according to a WHF method, controlling the single-pass deformation of the blank to be 55 percent, and controlling the deformation speed to be 5 mm/s. The phenomenon that the blank is cracked due to the fact that the deformation speed is too high and the size effect is enlarged is avoided.
S4, second forging and heating of the blank: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, heating to 460 ℃, and preserving heat for 10 hours. The temperature is adjusted in time according to different aluminum alloys, the temperature is controlled within 45 ℃ below the over-burning point, and the residual crystalline phase is eliminated for further dissolving coarse residual crystals.
S5, second forging of the blank: upsetting and drawing the blank along the axial direction according to a WHF method, controlling the single-pass deformation of the blank to be 50 percent, and controlling the deformation speed to be 8 mm/s. Since the residual crystalline phase in the aluminum alloy is further eliminated, the deformation speed is increased.
S6, blank forging, rounding and punching: the blank size is to phi 1400 multiplied by phi 380 multiplied by 500 mm.
S7, returning and heating the blank: heating the blank to 410 ℃, then preserving heat for 4h, and finally air-cooling and discharging. To eliminate internal stress caused by forging.
S8, blank ring rolling: the resulting ring forge had dimensions Φ 3750 × Φ 3470 × 450 mm.
S9, solid solution strengthening of the ring forging: and heating the ring forging to 505 ℃, preserving heat for 6 hours, discharging from the furnace, cooling by water, keeping the water temperature at 40 ℃, and keeping the water in for 20 min. Solid solution is carried out at the temperature of more than 500 ℃, and the second phase in the aluminum alloy matrix is gradually reduced; along with the rise of the temperature, a large number of fine recrystallized grains are separated out, and the matrix mainly comprises the fine grains, so that the precipitation strengthening effect is improved, and the performance of the aluminum alloy is strengthened. However, as the temperature rises, the dislocation density is reduced, and the dislocation strengthening effect is weakened, so the temperature range is reasonably controlled, the precipitation strengthening and the dislocation strengthening are balanced, and the best mechanical property is achieved.
S10, ring forging artificial aging: and heating the ring forging to 140 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10 hours, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature.
And S11, cutting an 80mm high-test ring from the ring forging along the axial direction, and sampling for performance test.
S12, machining a ring forging: the size is reduced to phi 3730 multiplied by phi 3490 multiplied by 350 mm.
And S13, ultrasonic flaw detection.
Example 2: a cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy is different from the steps in the embodiment 1:
s2, first hot forging and heating of the blank: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, heating to 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 28 hours.
S3, first forging of blank: upsetting and drawing the blank along the axial direction according to a WHF method, controlling the single-pass deformation of the blank to be 60 percent, and controlling the deformation speed to be 9 mm/s.
S4, second forging and heating of the blank: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, heating to 480 ℃, and preserving heat for 12 h.
S5, second forging of the blank: upsetting and drawing the blank along the axial direction according to a WHF method, controlling the single-pass deformation of the blank to be 55 percent, and controlling the deformation speed to be 10 mm/s.
S7, returning and heating the blank: heating the blank to 430 ℃, then preserving heat for 6h, and finally air-cooling and discharging.
S9, solid solution strengthening of the ring forging: heating the blank to 525 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8h, discharging from the furnace, cooling by water, keeping the water temperature at 55 ℃, and keeping the water-in time for 30 min.
S10, ring forging artificial aging: and heating the ring forging to 150 ℃, keeping the temperature for 12 hours, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature.
Example 3: a cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy is different from the steps in the embodiment 1:
s2, first hot forging and heating of the blank: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, heating to 520 ℃, and preserving heat for 30 h.
S3, first forging of blank: upsetting and drawing the blank along the axial direction according to a WHF method, controlling the single-pass deformation of the blank to be 65 percent, and controlling the deformation speed to be 12 mm/s.
S4, second forging and heating of the blank: and (3) placing the blank in a heating furnace, heating to 500 ℃, and preserving heat for 15 h.
S5, second forging of the blank: upsetting and drawing the blank along the axial direction according to a WHF method, wherein the single-pass deformation of the blank is controlled to be 60 percent, and the deformation speed is controlled to be 15 mm/s.
S7, returning and heating the blank: heating the blank to 450 ℃, then preserving heat for 8h, and finally air-cooling and discharging.
S9, solid solution strengthening of the ring forging: heating the blank to 545 ℃, preserving heat for 10h, discharging from the furnace, cooling by water, keeping the water temperature at 65 ℃, and keeping the water in for 40 min.
S10, ring forging artificial aging: and heating the ring forging to 175 ℃, keeping the temperature for 15h, discharging from the furnace, and air-cooling to room temperature.
And (3) detecting the quality of the forged piece:
1. and (4) comprehensive mechanical detection.
Preparation of the experiment: in example 1, example 2 and example 3, 3 groups were randomly selected.
Detection standard: GJB 2351.
The results are shown in the following table:
| group number | Rm/Mpa | Rp0.2/Mpa | A/％ |
| 1 | 580 | 525 | 10.5 |
| 2 | 576 | 524 | 12 |
| 3 | 575 | 520 | 11.5 |
| 4 | 572 | 521 | 12 |
| 5 | 574 | 523 | 10 |
| 6 | 578 | 525 | 10.5 |
| 7 | 570 | 519 | 12.5 |
| 8 | 572 | 523 | 11 |
| 9 | 571 | 524 | 10.5 |
| Standard requirements | ≥510 | ≥420 | ≥6％ |
And (3) analyzing a detection result: from the data, the batch stability is better, the quality consistency is better, and each item of data far exceeds the standard.
2. And (6) carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection.
And (3) flaw detection results: the forging meets the A-grade standard in GJB 1580A-2004.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: s1, blanking the raw material to obtain a blank; s2, first hot forging and heating the blank; s3, first hot forging the blank; s4, performing second hot forging and heating on the blank; s5, performing second hot forging on the blank; s6, blank forging, rounding and punching; s7, returning and heating the blank; s8, grinding the blank into a ring to obtain a ring forging; s9, performing solid solution strengthening on the ring forging; and S10, artificially aging the ring forging.
2. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S2, the blank is placed in a heating furnace, heated to 480-520 ℃ and kept for 25-30 h.
3. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S3, the single-pass deformation amount of the billet is controlled to 55% to 65%.
4. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in step S3, the deformation speed of the billet is controlled to be 5mm/S to 12 mm/S.
5. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S4, the blank is placed in a heating furnace, the temperature is raised to 460-500 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 10-15 h.
6. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S5, the single-pass deformation amount of the billet is controlled to 50% to 60%.
7. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in step S5, the deformation speed of the billet is controlled to be 5mm/S to 8 mm/S.
8. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S7, the heating temperature range of the blank is 410-450 ℃, and then the temperature is kept for 4-8 h.
9. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S9, heating the ring forging to 505-545 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6-10 h, discharging from the furnace, cooling by water, keeping the water at the temperature of 40-65 ℃, and keeping the water in for 20-40 min.
10. The large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy cooling, modifying and forging technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the forging technology comprises the following steps: in step S10, the ring forging is heated to 140-175 ℃, kept warm for 10-15 h, taken out of the furnace and air-cooled to room temperature.
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| CN202110005780.9A CN112846065A (en) | 2021-01-05 | 2021-01-05 | Cooling, modifying and forging technology for large-size high-alloying aluminum alloy |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101279348A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-08 | 贵州航宇科技发展有限公司 | Method for rolling and shaping aluminum alloy conical ring |
| CN104438419A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡市派克重型铸锻有限公司 | Forging forming process of high barrel-shaped aluminum alloy forged piece |
| CN106498318A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-15 | 中南大学 | Improve the process of 2219 aluminium alloy rings comprehensive mechanical properties |
| CN109759783A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of nearly same sex high-performance aluminium alloy cylindrical forged piece manufacturing process of three-dimensional |
| CN111618217A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Large-size aluminum alloy bar outer diameter structure densification forging method |
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- 2021-01-05 CN CN202110005780.9A patent/CN112846065A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101279348A (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2008-10-08 | 贵州航宇科技发展有限公司 | Method for rolling and shaping aluminum alloy conical ring |
| CN104438419A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡市派克重型铸锻有限公司 | Forging forming process of high barrel-shaped aluminum alloy forged piece |
| CN106498318A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-03-15 | 中南大学 | Improve the process of 2219 aluminium alloy rings comprehensive mechanical properties |
| CN109759783A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-05-17 | 天津航天长征技术装备有限公司 | A kind of nearly same sex high-performance aluminium alloy cylindrical forged piece manufacturing process of three-dimensional |
| CN111618217A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-04 | 无锡派克新材料科技股份有限公司 | Large-size aluminum alloy bar outer diameter structure densification forging method |
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Effective date of registration: 20210706 Address after: 214000 Lianhe Road, North District, Hudai industrial resettlement area, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: WUXI PAIKE NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: AECC SHENYANG LIMING AERO-ENGINE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214161 Lianhe Road, North District, Hudai industrial resettlement area, Binhu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: WUXI PAIKE NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20210528 |