CN112845748A - Method for preparing titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on bending control - Google Patents
Method for preparing titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on bending control Download PDFInfo
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- CN112845748A CN112845748A CN202110006646.0A CN202110006646A CN112845748A CN 112845748 A CN112845748 A CN 112845748A CN 202110006646 A CN202110006646 A CN 202110006646A CN 112845748 A CN112845748 A CN 112845748A
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005226 mechanical processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/22—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. positioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preparing titanium alloy plate precision bending parts based on controlled bending includes pre-bending two side faces of a plate blank, pre-bending two side wall end portions with delta H allowance to obtain a pre-blank, placing the pre-blank in an elastic die, enabling the bottom of a sample in the elastic die to be unstable and droop under the condition that the pressure of the die is continuously increased, and then rounding a corner radius area of a convex die to form a redundant wave-shaped pre-storage material. Under sufficient pressure heading, the excess material is rounded along the punch radius, with the result that material thickening is achieved without the wavy reservoir material, the degree of thickening depending on Δ H. The invention uses the bending control method to ensure that the rebound angle of the bent titanium alloy and other metal material plates is less than 50 percent of the common bending, and the plates are not thinned and thickened by 10 to 20 percent at the bending part after bending.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of aircraft part manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on bending control.
Background
In aircraft production, sheet part skeletons and panels are manufactured using dies of elastomeric (rubber or polyurethane) material, which is highly efficient in small volume production conditions because it is a highly versatile and simple tooling. In the currently available aircraft parts, a large number of which are rectilinear side plates and have complex geometries, they are placed in bending dies and are completed in one step by means of stamping dies. This process is accompanied by a reduction in the precision of the parts and thinning of the bent portions (the side wall-to-floor junction areas). The common bending forming workpiece can generate springback (springback), if the bending angle is different according to the process parameters, the springback amount is different, and the angle springback is generally 1.5-25 degrees. In the bending region, the mechanical properties are reduced by thinning of the sheet material. The bending resilience and the thinning of the material of the bent area damage the geometric accuracy of the bent piece, and if a thicker plate is used for replacing the bent piece, the cost is increased, and the weight is also increased, which often becomes a particularly troublesome problem which is not easy to solve in the production of the bent piece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing a titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on bending control, aiming at two factors of springing and thinning in the existing plate bending, which influence precision and strength, and the bending control method is used for ensuring that the springback angle of the titanium alloy and other metal material plates after bending is smaller than 50% of that of the common bending part, and the plates at the bending part are not thinned at least and are thickened by 10-20% after bending.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for preparing a titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on bending control, which comprises the following steps:
a first stage process: the method comprises the steps of bending a plate blank, pre-bending the end portions of the side walls of two sides of the plate blank to leave delta H allowance, placing the plate blank in an elastic die after obtaining a pre-manufactured blank, enabling the bottom of a sample in the elastic die to be unstable and droop firstly when the elastic material tightly holds two sides of a bending piece under the condition that the pressure of the die is continuously increased, and then rounding a corner in the radius area of a punch to form the redundant wave-shaped pre-storage material.
The pre-bending is performed by adopting the conventional method through the existing stamping die.
The first stage process described is used to store excess volume metal for future part corners.
A second stage process: under sufficient pressure upset, the excess material is radiused along the punch radius, with the result that material thickening is achieved.
The Δ H margin is preferably approximately equivalent to the plate thickness.
Technical effects
The bending forming method integrally solves the technical problems that the conventional bending forming workpiece generates 1.5-25 degrees of resilience (springback), the mechanical property is reduced in a bending area due to thinning of a plate, and the geometric precision and the mechanical property of the bending part are damaged due to thinning of materials in the bending resilience and the bending area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the material is thickened by 10-20% in the bending area of the part without being thinned by the mode of thickening the material at the bending part, so that the strength, the reliability and the service life of the part can be greatly improved, the resilience at corners is reduced, the precision of the part is improved, and the weight and the cost are reduced. The bending control can reduce the bending radius of the plate to reach the thickness R of the plate1＝s0And even smaller. The part after bending control has higher strength, rigidity index and higher precision, thereby having longer service life.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a curved side panel component of the present invention:
in the figure: s0L is the distance from the symmetry axis to the side plate after the plate is bent, H is the height of the side plate after bending, and R is the thickness of the original plate1Is a radius of a curved fillet, L*The distance from the symmetric axis to the edge of the plate before bending;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a side plate prebending member with a margin for controlling the bending process in an elastic medium mold;
in the figure: a is a short sample; b is a high sample; 1, polyurethane elastomer, 2, an upper die frame, 3 samples, 4 male dies, 5 backing plates, 6 control bending samples and 7 supporting arms;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a comparison of control of the springback angle of a curved side panel and a conventional curved side panel;
in the figure: the material is a titanium plate with the thickness of TA0 being 0.8mm, and the curves 1 and 2 are traditional stamping bending; curves 3, 4 and 5 are used for controlling bending, and the bending part is thickened by 10%;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a finite element model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of stress distribution along the y-axis;
(a) true and (b) final stage;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the wall thickness variation of the bending part according to the simulation calculation result;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a typical specimen sample selected from each group and manufactured by an elastomer limited bend stamping method under various elastomer pressures;
in the figure: a is a pre-bending sample; b and c are elastic modulus E of the elastomer which is 12, b is an intermediate process sample, c is a final process sample and corresponds to pressure of 127 MPa;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the material thickness variation in a curved cross section along a test piece.
Detailed Description
This example was carried out on a fine-blanking hydraulic press with a maximum force of 2500kN, with a small oil tank of 100mm diameter, equipped with model Y26A-250. The maximum pressure can reach 318MPa, and the pressure used for research is 130 MPa; the test piece was made of titanium alloy TA0, 0.8mm thick, and 0.8mm of sidewall margin Δ H, using a die as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, with a punch fillet joining radius r13mm, inner radius of bend of sheet material R1Elastomer pressure of 110MPa was established at 3 mm.
As shown in fig. 1, the presetting of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step 1) installing a conventional bending die on a die frame of a press, cutting the end part of the side wall end of a sample on a linear cutting machine after bending to obtain the required ultrahigh part excess material of the sample, and preferably adopting delta H through repeated tests
Wherein: k is a coefficient, k is 0.6-0.8, when the thickness of the bending part is increased by 10%, Δ H is 0.8, k is 0.7, when the thickness is increased by less than 10%, k is less than 0.7, when the thickness is increased by more than 10%, k is more than 0.7; s is the thickness of the bent part of the plate after bending, H is the height of the side wall after bending, R1Is a plateThe bottom of the timber is connected with the side edge by a radius.
In the embodiment, if the thickness of the bend is increased by 10%, k is 0.7; s is 0.88mm, and the matched male die has a fillet radius r13mm, 40mm punch width L, R1H is 13mm, yielding Δ H ≈ 0.8 mm; if a thickening of 20% is expected, k 0.8, s 0.96, Δ H ≈ 0.88 mm.
Step 2) calculating the pressure required by the elastomer: the method adopts a Laplace transform finite element method formula (1996.12.1. the national conference of thermal stress and thermal strength, the Wangzhugang and other Laplace transform finite element methods for the problem of dynamic thermal coupling bending of the thin plate), and specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein: s is the thickness of the plate mm, sigma1For the limit of material strength, the TA0 of the present embodiment is 280-420, GB/T36211994, s0Is the original thickness of the plate, s0＝0.8mm，σ2Tangential stress at the curved arc region, L*For the distance, R, from the axis of symmetry to the side edges of the sheet before bending1The radius of the fillet at the bending part of the plate is 3 mm. In this embodiment, the distance from the symmetry axis to the side edge of the sheet before bending is regarded as L → ∞, so σ2/L*＝0。
When the fillet area is thickened by 10% after bending, the elastic modulus E of the elastomer is 12MPa, the Poisson coefficient of the elastic material is 0.496, and the elastic material is obtained by substituting the formula of the Laplace transform finite element method
Therefore, in this example, 110MPa was taken.
Step 3) taking out the common bending die on the die carrier of the press, and installing the elastic die shown in fig. 2(a), wherein the method for preparing the titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on bending control in the embodiment meets the following requirements for the shape of the sample: h/s0< 20, wherein: h is the height of the side wall, s0For the original thickness of the blank plate, the side wall height H of the sample in fig. 2(a) is 13 mm.
The practical procedures of the embodiment include:
a first step: as shown in fig. 2a, I, II, and III, in the elastic body I die, a pre-bent plate blank was placed in a die 2a I, the upper frame 2 of which was filled with a polyurethane elastic body 1, and the upper end face of the punch 4 was spaced from the bottom plane of the sample 3 by 0.8mm, and the punch width was 40 mm. When the pressure in the elastic die is increased, particularly when the elastic body holds two side walls, and the bottom of the blank is increased by the transverse pressure, the bottom of the sample 3 in the polyurethane elastic body 1 is unstable and firstly sags, as shown in II in figure 2a, and as the pressure is increased, the radius area of the male die 4 is rounded to form redundant wavy materials, as shown in III in figure 2 a. At this point, the first stage process ends, storing excess volume metal for the corners of future parts.
A second step: at sufficient pressure upset, the excess material is rounded off along the punch radius, as shown at IV in fig. 2a, with the result that a thickening of the material at the corners is obtained, the degree of thickening depending on Δ H. If the sample is at R1And (3) deep drawing the radius area, so that the thickened material is built in the area by 10-20%. When Δ H is further increased, severe instability of the excess material waveform is observed, which will result in defects that are difficult to repair. The material thickening replaces the material thinning in the part bending area, so that the strength, reliability and service life of the part bending area can be greatly improved, the resilience at corners is reduced, the part precision is improved, and meanwhile, the light weight requirement is met.
When the height H/s of the side wall of the sample is as shown in FIG. 2(b)0Satisfy 50 > H/s0At 20 a, additional polyurethane support arms 7 are used to prevent wall instability, the height of which is as high as the base plane of the pre-bent element resting on the support plate.
Effect evaluation
As shown in FIG. 3, the curves 1 and 2 showing that the material TA0 is 0.8mm thick are the conventional bending methods, compared with the springback curves obtained by the different bending methods. No material accumulation exists at the bent part, so that the bent part becomes thin after bending, the rebound angle is large, and the measured angle after bending is rebounded; curves 3, 4, 5 are the results obtained with the controlled bending method of the present invention, and a comparison of curves 1, 2 and 3, 4, 5 shows that the limited bend return angle is about that of a conventional bending member 1/2.
Entering into setting by means of computer software ANSYS: calculating quasi-static object load; the forming module is used as an absolute rigid body; the elastomer acts as an incompressible, absolute elastic; the elastic modulus E of the elastomer is 12 MPa; the poisson coefficient of the elastic material is 0.496.
The following problems were solved under simulated conditions: researching the mechanical process of part forming; the elastomer stress state was studied.
Thus, the calculation of the geometric parameters corresponding to the model and the equipment and the geometric parameters of the sample is completed, and the bending radius R of the sample is13mm, made of titanium alloy TA 0. The finite element model is shown in FIG. 4, and the stress distribution of various computational bodies in the research system is obtained by using the calculation results of the established finite element system, as shown in FIG. 5. The final simulated state was 108MPa in the upper region of the elastomer along the Y-axis.
The thickness of the material at the bend in the sidewall bender was measured as shown in figure 6 and the increase in material thickness at the radial and straight walls was seen.
The results of the study of the computational examples demonstrate that the assumptions made to limit bending during mathematical modeling are feasible under the stamping conditions of the elastomer mold. A typical press bending process sample from each group was selected as shown in fig. 7.
This satisfies the elastomer pressure requirement, and the second elastomer stamping step can be realized by the bending-limiting method, and in this embodiment, the pressure does not exceed 127MPa, as shown in fig. 7. The experimental results correspond to the pressure required to determine the elastomer according to fig. 5.
According to the experimental results, a diagram of the patterns is established for the two bending steps (first, fig. 2a, i-iii; second, fig. 2a, iv), moving along the section of the specimen towards the outer surface of the part, as shown in fig. 8. As can be seen from the die line diagram shown, after the first process step, a thickening of the material is observed in the radial zones, a phenomenon which normally occurs in the case of elastomer bending. After the second step, the material thickness is increased by almost 12% in the radial region compared to the blank plate thickness, and the thickness of the elastomer bent material is increased by more than 20% in the observation region compared to the blank plate thickness. It can even be seen from the phantom that the sidewall straight segments are thicker. The second bending operation compensates for the radial thickening of the material at the bend.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing titanium alloy plate precision bending parts based on bending control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a first stage process: pre-bending a plate blank to obtain a pre-blank after pre-bending the end parts of the side walls at two sides to leave a delta H allowance, placing the pre-blank in an elastic die, enabling the bottom of a sample in the elastic die to be unstable and droop under the condition that the pressure of the die is continuously increased, and then rounding a corner in the radius area of a convex die to form redundant wave-shaped pre-storage materials;
a second stage process: under sufficient pressure upsetting, rounding off redundant materials along the radius of the male die, and thickening the materials by 10-20% as a result;
the elastic mold comprises: go up the terrace die of framed and relative setting, wherein: the upper die frame is filled with a polyurethane elastomer, the preformed blank, the male die and the base plate are arranged in sequence, the upper end surface of the male die is not contacted with the bottom plane of the preformed blank, and a gap with delta H allowance is reserved;
Δ H is
Wherein: k is a coefficient, s is a predicted thickness of a bent portion of the plate, H is a height of a bent side wall, and R is1The radius of the connection between the bottom and the side of the plate.
2. The method for preparing the titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on the controlled bending as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shape of the plate blank satisfies the following conditions: h/s0< 20, wherein: h is the height of the side wall, s0The original thickness of the blank plate is obtained.
3. The process for preparing a precision bent part based on controlled bending titanium alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the clearance between the upper end surface of the punch and the inner bottom plane of the preform is 0.8 mm.
4. The method for preparing precision bent parts based on controlled bending titanium alloy sheet according to claim 1, wherein the width of the punch is 40 mm.
5. The method for preparing the titanium alloy plate precision bending part based on the controlled bending as claimed in claim 1, wherein the backing plate is further provided with support arms, the support arms are specifically positioned at two sides of the male die and are positioned in a range opposite to the upper die frame integrally with the male die, and the height of the support arms is equal to the height of the bottom plane of the blank which is initially pre-bent in the first process and is placed on the template.
6. The method for manufacturing a precision bent part of a titanium alloy plate material according to claim 1, wherein the Δ H margin corresponds to a plate thickness.
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0055435A2 (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1982-07-07 | Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method of reducing springback in mechanically pressed sheet materials - II |
| CN201008920Y (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-01-23 | 李文元 | Bending die for controlling springback |
| JP2008296252A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Press molded product, and manufacturing method and fabrication equipment of press molded product |
| CN105188980A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2015-12-23 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Production method for press-molded member and press molding device |
| CN106140901A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-23 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Sheet metal bending forming control method |
| CN108246845A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江申吉钛业股份有限公司 | Titanium alloy plate isothermal bending process optimization method |
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2021
- 2021-01-05 CN CN202110006646.0A patent/CN112845748B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN108246845A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江申吉钛业股份有限公司 | Titanium alloy plate isothermal bending process optimization method |
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| JP2020163416A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-08 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Press molding method, and press molding die to be used in the method as well as automobile body component press-molded by the press molding die |
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| Title |
|---|
| 张凌云;杜芳静;于波章;: "TA2M钛合金板材U形件弯曲回弹研究", 工具技术, no. 07, 20 July 2009 (2009-07-20) * |
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