CN112832765A - Shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device and using method - Google Patents
Shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device and using method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/12—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by injecting into the borehole a liquid, either initially at high pressure or subsequently subjected to high pressure, e.g. by pulses, by explosive cartridges acting on the liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
- E21C25/60—Slitting by jets of water or other liquid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device and a using method thereof, wherein the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device comprises a cylindrical housing fixedly arranged at the bottom of a high-pressure conveying pipe, a radial telescopic arm arranged in the cylindrical housing and a spray head component arranged at the outer side end of the radial telescopic arm; radial flexible arm is cut fork extending structure, including interior mounting bracket, cut the flexible subassembly of fork and outer mounting bracket, the inside slider lift actuating mechanism that slides from top to bottom along the lift guiding mechanism I of interior mounting bracket of slider I that still is equipped with the interior mounting bracket of driving of tube-shape housing, when the slider I of interior mounting bracket was located the last extreme position or the lower extreme position of the lift guiding mechanism I of interior mounting bracket, cut the flexible subassembly of fork and retract inside the tube-shape housing completely. The invention can effectively increase the effective jet distance of the nozzle, greatly enlarge the coal mining area range of single ground well drilling on the premise of not increasing the ground well drilling construction cost, and realize the improvement of coal mining efficiency and the reduction of mining cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water jet flow coal mining spray head device and a using method thereof, in particular to a shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet flow coal mining spray head device and a using method thereof, which are used when hydraulic coal mining is carried out by carrying out ground drilling on a nearly horizontal coal seam which is easy to protrude underground and has high safety risk, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining.
Background
Energy is a cornerstone for the development of human society, and is an irreplaceable basic industry, China is 'short of gas, less oil and relatively rich in coal resources', China engineering institute predicts that the proportion of coal occupying primary energy consumption in 2050 still keeps about 50%, so that coal still occupies the dominant position in primary energy consumption in China for a long time in the future. However, the defects of the traditional underground coal mining are more and more highlighted, on one hand, along with the depletion of shallow coal resources, coal resources below the buried depth of 1000m account for 53 percent of the explored coal resources, along with the increase of the coal mining depth and the increase of the mining strength, coal-rock conditions are more complex, and various disasters are interwoven and symbiotic, so that the difficulty and the complexity of disaster prevention and control are increased, the safety risk is high, the treatment efficiency is low, and the economic cost is high; on the other hand, the geological conditions of the coal seam in southwest areas of China are complex, coal resources which are difficult to mine are more, resource mining technologies of corner coal, honeycomb coal, small coal fields and the like are difficult, the cost is high, the yield is small, mining is usually abandoned, and the coal resources are seriously wasted.
Aiming at the production problem in the traditional underground coal mining, the Schumk creatively proposes the strategy idea of the fluidization mining of deep mineral solid resources, and thoroughly subverts the existing underground coal mining mode. Some scholars put forward a ground drilling hydraulic coal mining technology based on the strategic idea of fluidized mining of deep mineral solid resources, and the main technical principle is as follows: the mining method comprises the steps of drilling a well through the ground penetrating a coal bed by using high-pressure water generated by a high-pressure water pump, gathering the high-pressure water into water jet by using a spray head, impacting the water jet on the surface of a coal body to peel, cut and crush the coal body, and then lifting flowing coal slurry formed by crushing the coal bed at the bottom of a well to the ground by using hydraulic lifting equipment for utilization. The technology is a physical fluidization coal mining method and has the remarkable advantages of flexibility, reliability and high safety. The water jet coal mining spray head device is an important component in the ground drilling hydraulic mining technology, determines the single-well mining range, and can greatly influence the economy and efficiency of drilling hydraulic mining, the coal mining range of the water jet coal mining spray head device is mainly influenced by the spray head structure, the water pressure and the hardness degree of coal types, but even if the water pressure is increased and the spray head structure is optimized, the impact force generated by water jet is gradually attenuated along with the increase of the injection distance, so that the actual coal mining area range of conventional ground drilling is smaller, generally ranges from 2 m to 5m in radius, and more ground drilling is generally required to be constructed aiming at 'honeycomb coal' with larger distribution area, so that the increase of mining cost and the reduction of coal mining efficiency are caused, and the application and popularization of the water jet coal mining spray head device are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the shearform telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device and the use method thereof, which can effectively enlarge the coal mining area range of single ground drilling, further improve the coal mining efficiency and reduce the mining cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device comprises a cylindrical housing fixedly arranged at the bottom of a high-pressure conveying pipe, a radial telescopic arm arranged in the cylindrical housing and a spray head assembly arranged at the outer side end of the radial telescopic arm;
the cylindrical housing is of a hollow structure, and an opening allowing the radial telescopic arm to extend out along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing is formed in the outer wall of the cylindrical housing;
the radial telescopic arm is arranged in the cylindrical housing corresponding to the opening position of the cylindrical housing, is of a scissor type telescopic structure and comprises an inner mounting frame, a scissor type telescopic assembly and an outer mounting frame; an inner mounting frame fixedly mounted in the cylindrical housing is arranged at the inner side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly, an outer mounting frame is arranged at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly, a lifting guide mechanism I arranged in the vertical direction is correspondingly arranged on the inner mounting frame and the outer mounting frame, and a sliding block I capable of sliding up and down along the lifting guide mechanism I is arranged on the lifting guide mechanism I in a matched mode; the scissor type telescopic assembly comprises a plurality of support rods which are connected in a crossed hinged manner and are of a continuous parallelogram structure, at least two groups of scissor type telescopic assemblies are arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing, hinged connecting pins of the support rods of the two groups of scissor type telescopic assemblies are arranged in a shared manner, the end part of one support rod of the two support rods at the inner side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly is hinged and installed on the inner mounting frame, the end part of the other support rod of the two support rods at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly is hinged and installed on the sliding block I of the inner mounting frame, the end part of one support rod of the two support rods at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly is hinged and installed on the; a sliding block lifting driving mechanism capable of driving the sliding block I of the inner mounting frame to slide up and down along the lifting guide mechanism I of the inner mounting frame is further arranged in the cylindrical housing, and when the sliding block I of the inner mounting frame is located at the upper limit position or the lower limit position of the lifting guide mechanism I of the inner mounting frame, the scissor type telescopic assembly is completely retracted into the cylindrical housing;
the spray head assembly comprises a spray head and a water delivery high-pressure hose; the spray head is fixedly arranged on the outer mounting frame, and the spraying direction of the spray head is arranged corresponding to the radial direction of the cylindrical housing; one end of the water delivery high-pressure hose matched with the extension length of the radial telescopic arm is hermetically communicated with the high-pressure delivery pipe, and the other end of the water delivery high-pressure hose penetrates through the cylindrical housing and is hermetically communicated with the spray head.
As a further improvement scheme of the invention, the bottom of the cylindrical housing is provided with a bottom support plate which vertically extends downwards, the bottom support plate is provided with a lifting guide mechanism II which is arranged along the vertical direction, the lifting guide mechanism II is provided with a counterweight sliding block II which can slide up and down along the lifting guide mechanism II in a matching way, and the counterweight sliding block II is provided with a water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley in a rolling matching way; a hose lifting ring is arranged on a hinged connecting pin at the bottom end of a supporting rod of the scissor type telescopic assembly; the other end of the water delivery high-pressure hose bypasses the guide pulley of the water delivery high-pressure hose, penetrates through the hose hanging ring and then is connected with the spray head in a closed communication way.
As an embodiment of the slide block lifting driving mechanism, the slide block lifting driving mechanism is a vertically arranged lifting cylinder structure, a cylinder body end of the lifting cylinder structure is fixedly arranged in a cylindrical housing, and a telescopic end is connected with a slide block I.
As an embodiment of the slider lifting drive mechanism of the lifting cylinder structure of the present invention, the lifting cylinder structure is a hydraulic cylinder structure, and a micro hydraulic pump station for driving the hydraulic cylinder structure to extend and contract is provided inside the cylindrical housing.
In another embodiment of the slider lifting drive mechanism of the lifting cylinder structure of the present invention, the lifting cylinder structure is an electric cylinder structure, and a control motor for driving the electric cylinder structure to extend and retract is disposed inside the cylindrical housing.
As another embodiment of the slide block lifting driving mechanism, the slide block lifting driving mechanism is a chain transmission structure, the chain transmission structure comprises an annular transmission chain which is arranged in a vertical direction, the annular transmission chain is supported and positioned by a driving chain wheel and a driven chain wheel which are arranged in the cylindrical housing in a positioning rolling fit mode, the driving chain wheel is in transmission connection with a chain transmission driving motor which is fixedly arranged in the cylindrical housing, and a slide block I of an inner mounting frame is in installation connection with the annular transmission chain.
A use method of a shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device specifically comprises the following steps:
a. mining preparation and device installation: constructing and exploiting coal mining and drilling on the basis of determining the buried depth, the thickness and the approximate range of a coal seam to be mined by adopting a ground penetrating radar detection method; then carrying out ground construction, arranging a water storage tank and a high-pressure water injection pump near the coal mining drilling wellhead, and installing a conveying pipe rotating device at the coal mining drilling wellhead; after the length of a high-pressure transportation pipe is determined according to the burial depth of a coal seam, a scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is installed at the bottom end of the high-pressure transportation pipe, a slider lifting driving mechanism is controlled to act to enable a scissor-fork telescopic assembly to be in a state of being completely retracted into a cylindrical housing, then the high-pressure transportation pipe is lowered into a coal mining well, the scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is located in the burial depth range of the coal seam, then the high-pressure transportation pipe is installed and connected with a transportation pipe rotating device and a transportation pipe lifting control mechanism, and finally the output end of a high-pressure water injection pump is hermetically communicated and connected with the top end of the high-pressure transportation;
b. and (3) mining control: after an operator starts the high-pressure water pump, water in the water storage tank is pressurized by the high-pressure water pump, then is conveyed to the spray head through the high-pressure conveying pipe and the water conveying high-pressure hose in a high-pressure and large-flow state, and is sprayed by the spray head to form high-pressure water jet, and the slide block lifting driving mechanism is controlled to act to enable the scissor-fork type telescopic assembly to extend outwards to increase the spraying distance of the spray head.
As an embodiment of the ground drilling water jet coal mining method, a method of rotating and lifting while hydraulic mining is adopted in the step b: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump and a conveying pipe rotating device are sequentially started, the conveying pipe rotating device drives the high-pressure conveying pipe to rotate slowly along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe while spraying the high-pressure water jet to form high-pressure water jet, so that the high-pressure water jet breaks the coal seam in the circumferential range, then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the high-pressure conveying pipe to rotate slowly and ascend at a set speed at a constant speed until the spray head ascends to the upper limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, and then a; after an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the scissor type telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend and reset to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, the sliding block lifting driving mechanism is controlled to act to enable the scissor type telescopic assembly to extend outwards to a set distance, then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the high-pressure conveying pipe to rotate at a low speed and rise at a set speed at a constant speed at the same time until the spray head rises to the upper limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, and a secondary mining process is completed; and analogizing in turn, controlling the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the spray head to move up and down in a reciprocating manner until the scissor type telescopic assembly extends outwards completely and the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
As another embodiment of the ground drilling water jet coal mining method, the fixed-point hydraulic cutting and layer-by-layer mining from bottom to top along the coal seam to be mined are adopted in the step b: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the position below the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump is started, high-pressure water jet is formed by spraying through a spray head, meanwhile, the slide block lifting driving mechanism is controlled to act to enable the shear fork telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a slow speed, fixed-point hydraulic mining of coal at the bottom layer of the coal seam is completed after the shear fork telescopic assemblies extend outwards completely, the operator controls the slide block lifting driving mechanism to reset and controls the conveying pipe rotating device to drive the high-pressure conveying pipe to rotate step by step along the axis to a set angle, then the slide block lifting driving mechanism is controlled again to act to enable the shear fork telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a slow speed, and so on until all mining of the coal at; then, an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to lift the high-pressure conveying pipe to a set height, and hydraulic mining is carried out on the second layer of coal above the coal at the bottom layer of the coal bed; and repeating the steps in the same manner, and mining layer by layer until the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
As another embodiment of the ground drilling water jet coal mining method, the step b adopts a mode of rotary hydraulic cutting and layer-by-layer mining from bottom to top along the coal seam to be mined: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump and a conveying pipe rotating device are sequentially started, the conveying pipe rotating device drives the high-pressure conveying pipe to rotate slowly along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe while high-pressure water jet is formed by spraying of a spray head, the high-pressure water jet breaks the coal seam within the circumferential range, then the operator controls the slide block lifting driving mechanism to act to enable the shear fork telescopic assembly to extend outwards at a slow speed until the shear fork telescopic assembly extends outwards completely, and then all mining of bottom coal within the coal seam range is completed; after the operator controls the slide block lifting driving mechanism to reset, the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to lift the high-pressure conveying pipe to a set height, and rotary hydraulic mining is carried out on the second layer of coal above the coal at the bottom layer of the coal bed; and repeating the steps in the same manner, and mining layer by layer until the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
Compared with the prior art, the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is provided with the radial telescopic arm comprising the shear fork telescopic component, and the shear fork telescopic component can be completely and radially retracted into the cylindrical housing, so that the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is integrally installed at the bottom end of the high-pressure conveying pipe, the coal mining well can be conveniently and smoothly conveyed to a coal seam for hydraulic mining, the spraying distance of a spray head can be increased by controlling the extension of the radial telescopic arm in the hydraulic mining process, the radial telescopic arm can be reset and retracted into the cylindrical housing by controlling the retraction of the radial telescopic arm after the hydraulic mining is completed, and the coal mining well can be conveniently and smoothly lifted to the ground for recovery; because the bottom of the cylindrical housing is provided with the bottom support plate, the counterweight sliding block II and the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley, the hinged connecting pin at the bottom end of the supporting rod of the scissor-fork type telescopic assembly is also provided with the hose lifting ring, and the water delivery high-pressure hose bypasses the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley and penetrates through the hose lifting ring to be hermetically communicated and connected with the spray head, the spray head can draw the water delivery high-pressure hose in the extending process of the scissor-fork type telescopic assembly to enable the water delivery high-pressure hose to drive the counterweight sliding block II to move upwards along the lifting guide mechanism II by the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley, and in the retracting process of the scissor-fork type telescopic assembly, the counterweight sliding block II can draw the water delivery high-pressure hose by the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley under the self gravity effect to enable the water delivery high-pressure hose to be smoothly bent and positioned, And the water delivery high-pressure hose is prevented from winding; the scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is small in size, high in maneuverability and flexibility, the effective injection distance of the spray head can be effectively increased, the coal mining area range of single ground drilling can be greatly enlarged on the premise of not increasing the ground drilling construction cost, the coal mining efficiency is improved, and the mining cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the radial telescopic arm in an extended state when the slide block elevation driving mechanism of the present invention is a lifting cylinder structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view showing a retracted state of the radially extendable arm when the driving mechanism for elevating and lowering the slider according to the present invention is a cylinder structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of the inner mount when the driving mechanism for elevating and lowering the slider of the present invention is a lifting cylinder structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the radial telescopic arm in an extended state when the slide block lifting driving mechanism is a chain transmission structure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the radial telescopic arm in a retracted state when the slide block lifting driving mechanism is in a chain transmission structure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the inner mounting bracket and the slider elevating drive mechanism when the slider elevating drive mechanism of the present invention is a chain drive structure;
fig. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional view of a scissor jack assembly of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a high pressure transport pipe; 2. a cylindrical housing; 21. a bottom support plate; 22. a counterweight sliding block II; 23. a water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley; 3. a radially telescoping arm; 31. an inner mounting frame; 32. an outer mounting frame; 33. a sliding block I; 34. a support bar; 35. a slider lifting drive mechanism; 36. a hose hoisting ring; 4. a spray head; 5. a water delivery high-pressure hose.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings (hereinafter, the description will be made with the direction directed toward the inside of the cylindrical casing 2 in the radial direction as the inside direction and the direction directed toward the outside of the cylindrical casing 2 in the radial direction as the outside direction).
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the shearform telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device comprises a cylindrical housing 2 fixedly mounted at the bottom of a high-pressure conveying pipe 1, a radial telescopic arm 3 arranged inside the cylindrical housing 2 and a nozzle assembly mounted at the outer end of the radial telescopic arm 3.
The cylindrical housing 2 has a hollow structure, and an opening for allowing the radial telescopic arm 3 to extend out along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing 2 is arranged on the outer wall of the cylindrical housing 2.
The radial telescopic arm 3 is arranged in the cylindrical housing 2 corresponding to the opening position of the cylindrical housing 2, and the radial telescopic arm 3 is of a scissor type telescopic structure and comprises an inner mounting frame 31, a scissor type telescopic assembly and an outer mounting frame 32; an inner mounting frame 31 fixedly mounted inside the cylindrical housing 2 is arranged at the inner side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly, an outer mounting frame 32 is arranged at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly, a lifting guide mechanism I arranged along the vertical direction is correspondingly arranged on the inner mounting frame 31 and the outer mounting frame 32, the lifting guide mechanism I can be a guide through groove structure penetrating through the mounting plate along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing 2, and can also be other lifting guide structures such as positioning guide groove structures of a T-shaped groove or a dovetail groove, and a sliding block I33 capable of sliding up and down along the lifting guide mechanism I is arranged on the lifting guide mechanism I in a matched manner; the scissor type telescopic assembly comprises a plurality of support rods 34 which are connected in a crossed hinged manner and are of a continuous parallelogram structure, in order to ensure the overall strength, as shown in fig. 7, at least two groups of scissor type telescopic assemblies are arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing 2, hinged connection pins of the support rods 34 of the two groups of scissor type telescopic assemblies are arranged in a shared manner, the end part of one support rod 34 of the two support rods 34 at the inner side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly is positioned and hinged on the inner mounting frame 31, the end part of the other support rod 34 is positioned and hinged on a sliding block I33 of the inner mounting frame 31, the end part of one support rod 34 of the two support rods 34 at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly is positioned and hinged on the outer mounting frame 32, and the end part of the other support rod 34; inside still being equipped with the slider lifting drive mechanism 35 that can drive slider I33 of interior mounting bracket 31 and slide from top to bottom along the lift guiding mechanism I of interior mounting bracket 31 of tube-shape housing 2, can realize the lift action of slider I33 of interior mounting bracket 31 through control slider lifting drive mechanism 35, and then can realize the flexible deformation of cutting fork formula telescopic component along the radial direction of tube-shape housing 2 through the swing of bracing piece 34, as shown in fig. 2, 5, when slider I33 of interior mounting bracket 31 is located the last extreme position or the lower extreme position of lift guiding mechanism I of interior mounting bracket 31, it can retract inside tube-shape housing 2 completely to cut fork formula telescopic component.
The spray head component comprises a spray head 4 and a water delivery high-pressure hose 5; the spray head 4 is fixedly arranged on the outer mounting frame 32, and the spraying direction of the spray head 4 corresponds to the radial direction of the cylindrical housing 2; one end of a water delivery high-pressure hose 5 matched with the extension length of the radial telescopic arm 3 is hermetically communicated with the high-pressure delivery pipe 1, and the other end of the water delivery high-pressure hose penetrates through the cylindrical housing 2 and then is hermetically communicated with the spray head 4.
When the shearflex telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is used for hydraulic mining operation, firstly, well construction is carried out, and construction exploitation and coal drilling are carried out on the basis that the buried depth, the thickness and the approximate range of a coal seam to be mined are determined by adopting a ground penetrating radar detection method; then carrying out ground construction, arranging a water storage tank and a high-pressure water injection pump near the coal mining drilling wellhead, and installing a conveying pipe rotating device at the coal mining drilling wellhead; after the length of the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 is determined according to the burial depth of a coal seam, the scissor telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is installed at the bottom end of the high-pressure conveying pipe 1, and the sliding block lifting driving mechanism 35 is controlled to act to enable the scissor telescopic assembly to be in a state of being completely retracted into the cylindrical housing 2, and the radial size of the whole scissor telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device can be controlled to be 400-500 mm, so that the coal can be smoothly conveyed to the coal seam by coal mining drilling; then, a high-pressure conveying pipe 1 is put into the coal mining well, the scissor-fork telescopic ground well water jet coal mining spray head device is positioned in the buried depth range of the coal seam, then the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 is connected with a conveying pipe rotating device and a conveying pipe lifting control mechanism in an installing mode, and finally the output end of a high-pressure water injection pump is connected with the top end of the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 in a sealing and communicating mode;
after all the devices are installed, an operator starts the high-pressure water pump, water in the water storage tank is pressurized by the high-pressure water pump, then is conveyed to the spray head 4 through the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 and the water conveying high-pressure hose 5 in a high-pressure and large-flow state, and is sprayed by the spray head 4 to form high-pressure water jet, and the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 is controlled to act to enable the scissor-fork type telescopic component to extend outwards, so that the effective spraying distance of the spray head 4 is increased.
In the hydraulic mining process, a mode of rotating and lifting while hydraulic mining can be adopted: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump and a conveying pipe rotating device are sequentially started, the conveying pipe rotating device drives the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to rotate slowly along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to enable the high-pressure water jet to break the coal seam in the circumferential range while spraying to form high-pressure water jet through the spray head 4, then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to rotate slowly and ascend at a set speed until the spray head 4 ascends to the upper limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, and therefore a mining process is completed; after an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the scissor type telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend and reset to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, the sliding block lifting driving mechanism 35 is controlled to act to enable the scissor type telescopic assembly to extend outwards to a set distance, then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to rotate at a low speed and rise at a set speed at a constant speed at the same time until the spray head 4 rises to the upper limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, and a secondary mining process is completed; and analogizing in turn, controlling the lifting control mechanism of the conveying pipe to enable the spray head 4 to move up and down in a reciprocating manner until the scissor-type telescopic component extends outwards completely and the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
In the hydraulic mining process, a fixed-point hydraulic cutting mode and a layer-by-layer mining mode from bottom to top along a coal bed to be mined can be adopted: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the position below the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump is started, high-pressure water jet is formed by spraying through the spray head 4, meanwhile, the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 is controlled to act to enable the shear fork telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a slow speed, fixed-point hydraulic mining of coal seam bottom coal is completed after the shear fork telescopic assemblies completely extend outwards, the operator controls the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 to reset and controls the conveying pipe rotating device to drive the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to rotate step by step along the axis to a set angle, then the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 is controlled again to act to enable the shear fork telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a slow speed, and so on until all mining of the bottom coal within the coal seam range is; and then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to lift the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to a set height, hydraulic mining is carried out on the second layer of coal above the coal at the bottom layer of the coal bed, and the mining is carried out by analogy in sequence, layer by layer until the coal bed in the mining range is mined completely.
In the hydraulic mining process, a mode of rotating hydraulic cutting and mining layer by layer from bottom to top along a coal bed to be mined can be adopted: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump and a conveying pipe rotating device are sequentially started, the conveying pipe rotating device drives the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to rotate slowly along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to enable the high-pressure water jet to break the coal seam in the circumferential range while spraying to form high-pressure water jet through the spray head 4, then the operator controls the sliding block lifting driving mechanism 35 to act to enable the shear fork type telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a slow speed until the shear fork type telescopic assemblies completely extend outwards, and then all mining of bottom coal in the coal seam range is completed; after the operator controls the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 to reset, the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to lift the high-pressure conveying pipe 1 to a set height, and rotary hydraulic mining is carried out on the second layer of coal above the coal at the bottom layer of the coal bed; and repeating the steps in the same manner, and mining layer by layer until the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
Due to the limited flexibility of the water delivery high pressure hose 5, when the scissor-type telescopic assembly is fully retracted inside the cylindrical housing 2, in order to ensure that the water delivery high-pressure hose 5 can be smoothly bent and is positioned in a coal mining well under the cylindrical housing 2 and prevent the water delivery high-pressure hose 5 from winding, as a further improvement scheme of the invention, the bottom of the cylindrical housing 2 is provided with a bottom support plate 21 vertically extending downwards, the bottom support plate 21 is provided with a lifting guide mechanism II arranged along the vertical direction, the lifting guide mechanism II can be a guide through groove structure penetrating through the bottom support plate 21 along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing 2 or other lifting guide structures such as a positioning guide groove structure of a T-shaped groove or a dovetail groove, a counterweight sliding block II 22 capable of sliding up and down along the lifting guide mechanism II is arranged on the lifting guide mechanism II in a matching way, and a water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley 23 is arranged on the counterweight sliding block II 22 in a rolling matching way; a hose lifting ring 36 is arranged on a hinged connecting pin at the bottom end of the supporting rod 34 of the scissor type telescopic assembly; the other end of the water delivery high-pressure hose 5 bypasses the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley 23, passes through the hose hanging ring 36 and is connected with the spray head 4 in a closed communication way. In the extending process of the scissor type telescopic assembly, the spray head 4 can pull the water delivery high-pressure hose 5 to enable the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley 23 to drive the counterweight sliding block II 22 to move upwards along the lifting guide mechanism II; in the retraction process of the scissor type telescopic assembly, the counterweight sliding block II 22 can pull the water delivery high-pressure hose 5 through the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley 23 under the action of self gravity, so that the water delivery high-pressure hose 5 can be smoothly bent and is positioned in the coal mining well below the cylindrical housing 2.
As an embodiment of the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 is a vertically disposed lifting cylinder structure, a cylinder body end of the lifting cylinder structure is fixedly installed inside the cylindrical housing 2, a telescopic end is connected to the slide block i 33, the lifting cylinder structure may be a hydraulic cylinder structure or an electric cylinder structure, and when the hydraulic cylinder structure or the electric cylinder structure is adopted, a micro hydraulic pump station for driving the hydraulic cylinder structure to extend or a control motor for driving the electric cylinder structure to extend or retract may be directly disposed inside the cylindrical housing 2.
As another embodiment of the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the slide block lifting driving mechanism 35 is a chain transmission structure, the chain transmission structure includes an annular transmission chain arranged in a vertical direction, the annular transmission chain is supported and positioned by a driving sprocket and a driven sprocket which are installed inside the cylindrical housing 2 in a positioning rolling fit manner, the driving sprocket is in transmission connection with a chain transmission driving motor which is fixedly installed inside the cylindrical housing 2, the slide block i 33 of the inner mounting frame 31 is installed and connected with the annular transmission chain, and the forward and reverse rotation of the annular transmission chain is realized by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the chain transmission driving motor, so that the annular transmission chain drives the slide block i 33 of the inner mounting frame 31.
The scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is small in size, high in maneuverability and high in flexibility, the effective injection distance of the spray head 4 can be effectively increased, the coal mining area range of single ground drilling can be greatly enlarged on the premise of not increasing the ground drilling construction cost, the coal mining efficiency is improved, and the mining cost is reduced.
Claims (10)
1. A shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is characterized by comprising a cylindrical housing (2) fixedly arranged at the bottom of a high-pressure conveying pipe (1), a radial telescopic arm (3) arranged in the cylindrical housing (2) and a spray head assembly arranged at the outer side end of the radial telescopic arm (3);
the cylindrical housing (2) is of a hollow structure, and an opening allowing the radial telescopic arm (3) to extend out along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing (2) is formed in the outer wall of the cylindrical housing (2);
the radial telescopic arm (3) is arranged in the cylindrical housing (2) corresponding to the opening of the cylindrical housing (2), and the radial telescopic arm (3) is of a scissor type telescopic structure and comprises an inner mounting frame (31), a scissor type telescopic assembly and an outer mounting frame (32); an inner mounting frame (31) fixedly mounted in the cylindrical housing (2) is arranged at the inner side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly, an outer mounting frame (32) is arranged at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic assembly, a lifting guide mechanism I arranged in the vertical direction is correspondingly arranged on the inner mounting frame (31) and the outer mounting frame (32), and a sliding block I (33) capable of sliding up and down along the lifting guide mechanism I is arranged on the lifting guide mechanism I in a matched mode; the scissor type telescopic components comprise a plurality of support rods (34) which are connected in a cross hinged manner and are in a continuous parallelogram structure, at least two groups of scissor type telescopic components are arranged in parallel along the radial direction of the cylindrical housing (2), hinged connecting pins of the support rods (34) of the two groups of scissor type telescopic components are arranged in a shared manner, the end part of one support rod (34) of the two support rods (34) at the inner side end of the scissor type telescopic components is positioned and hinged on the inner mounting frame (31), the end part of the other support rod (34) is positioned and hinged on a sliding block I (33) of the inner mounting frame (31), one end part of one support rod (34) of two support rods (34) at the outer side end of the scissor type telescopic component is positioned and hinged on the outer mounting frame (32), and the other end part of the other support rod (34) is positioned and hinged on a sliding block I (33) of the outer mounting frame (32); a sliding block lifting driving mechanism (35) capable of driving a sliding block I (33) of the inner mounting frame (31) to slide up and down along a lifting guide mechanism I of the inner mounting frame (31) is further arranged in the cylindrical housing (2), and when the sliding block I (33) of the inner mounting frame (31) is located at the upper limit position or the lower limit position of the lifting guide mechanism I of the inner mounting frame (31), the scissor type telescopic component is completely retracted into the cylindrical housing (2);
the spray head component comprises a spray head (4) and a water delivery high-pressure hose (5); the spray head (4) is fixedly arranged on the outer mounting rack (32), and the spraying direction of the spray head (4) is arranged corresponding to the radial direction of the cylindrical housing (2); one end of a water delivery high-pressure hose (5) matched with the extension length of the radial telescopic arm (3) is hermetically communicated with the high-pressure delivery pipe (1), and the other end of the water delivery high-pressure hose penetrates through the cylindrical housing (2) and then is hermetically communicated with the spray head (4).
2. The shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device according to claim 1, characterized in that a bottom support plate (21) vertically extending downwards is arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical housing (2), a lifting guide mechanism II arranged along the vertical direction is arranged on the bottom support plate (21), a counterweight sliding block II (22) capable of sliding up and down along the lifting guide mechanism II is arranged on the lifting guide mechanism II in a matching way, and a water conveying high-pressure hose guide pulley (23) is arranged on the counterweight sliding block II (22) in a rolling and matching way; a hose lifting ring (36) is arranged on a hinged connecting pin at the bottom end of a supporting rod (34) of the scissor type telescopic assembly; the other end of the water delivery high-pressure hose (5) bypasses the water delivery high-pressure hose guide pulley (23), passes through the hose hanging ring (36) and is connected with the spray head (4) in a closed communication way.
3. The scissor telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slide block lifting driving mechanism (35) is a vertically arranged lifting cylinder structure, a cylinder body end of the lifting cylinder structure is fixedly arranged inside the cylindrical housing (2), and a telescopic end is connected with the slide block I (33).
4. The shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device according to claim 3, characterized in that the lifting cylinder structure is a hydraulic cylinder structure, and a micro hydraulic pump station for driving the hydraulic cylinder structure to stretch is arranged inside the cylindrical housing (2).
5. The scissor telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device according to claim 3, wherein the lifting cylinder structure is an electric cylinder structure, and a control motor for driving the electric cylinder structure to extend and retract is arranged inside the cylindrical housing (2).
6. The scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slide block lifting driving mechanism (35) is a chain transmission structure, the chain transmission structure comprises an annular transmission chain arranged in a vertical direction, the annular transmission chain is supported and positioned by a driving chain wheel and a driven chain wheel which are arranged in the cylindrical housing (2) in a positioning rolling fit manner, the driving chain wheel is in transmission connection with a chain transmission driving motor fixedly arranged in the cylindrical housing (2), and the slide block I (33) of the inner mounting frame (31) is in installation connection with the annular transmission chain.
7. A using method of a shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. mining preparation and device installation: constructing and exploiting coal mining and drilling on the basis of determining the buried depth, the thickness and the approximate range of a coal seam to be mined by adopting a ground penetrating radar detection method; then carrying out ground construction, arranging a water storage tank and a high-pressure water injection pump near the coal mining drilling wellhead, and installing a conveying pipe rotating device at the coal mining drilling wellhead; after the length of a high-pressure conveying pipe (1) is determined according to the burial depth of a coal seam, a scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is installed at the bottom end of the high-pressure conveying pipe (1), a slider lifting driving mechanism (35) is controlled to act to enable a scissor-fork telescopic assembly to be in a state of being completely retracted into a cylindrical housing (2), then the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) is lowered into a coal mining well, the scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device is located in the burial depth range of the coal seam, then the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) is installed and connected with a conveying pipe rotating device and a conveying pipe lifting control mechanism, and finally the output end of a high-pressure water injection pump is hermetically communicated and connected with the top end of the high-pressure conveying pipe (1);
b. and (3) mining control: after an operator starts the high-pressure water pump, water in the water storage tank is pressurized by the high-pressure water pump, is conveyed to the spray head (4) through the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) and the water conveying high-pressure hose (5) in a high-pressure and large-flow state, and is sprayed by the spray head (4) to form high-pressure water jet, and the slide block lifting driving mechanism (35) is controlled to act to enable the scissor-type telescopic component to extend outwards to increase the spraying distance of the spray head (4).
8. The use method of the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device according to claim 7, wherein a mode of rotating and lifting while hydraulic mining is adopted in the step b: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the scissor-fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump and a conveying pipe rotating device are sequentially started, the conveying pipe rotating device drives the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to rotate at a low speed along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to enable the high-pressure water jet to break the coal seam in the circumferential range while spraying to form high-pressure water jet through the spray head (4), then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to rotate at a low speed and ascend at a set speed until the spray head (4) ascends to the upper limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, and a; after an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the scissor type telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend and reset to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, the sliding block lifting driving mechanism (35) is controlled to act to enable the scissor type telescopic assembly to extend outwards to a set distance, then the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to rotate at a low speed and rise at a constant speed according to a set speed at the same time until the spray head (4) rises to the upper limit position of the burial depth range of the coal seam, and a secondary mining process is completed; and analogizing in turn, controlling the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the spray head (4) to move up and down in a reciprocating manner until the scissor type telescopic component extends outwards completely and the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
9. The use method of the scissor telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining nozzle device according to claim 7, wherein a fixed-point hydraulic cutting mode is adopted in the step b, and the coal seam to be mined is mined layer by layer from bottom to top: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the position below the burial depth range of a coal seam, a high-pressure water pump is started, high-pressure water jet is formed by spraying through the spray head (4), meanwhile, the action of the sliding block lifting driving mechanism (35) is controlled to enable the shear fork telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a low speed, fixed-point hydraulic mining of coal seam bottom coal is completed after the shear fork telescopic assemblies completely extend outwards, the operator controls the sliding block lifting driving mechanism (35) to reset and controls the conveying pipe rotating device to drive the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to rotate step by step along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe to a set angle, then the sliding block lifting driving mechanism (35) is controlled to act again to enable the shear fork telescopic assemblies to extend outwards at a low speed, and so on until all mining of the coal seam; then, an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to lift the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to a set height, and hydraulic mining is carried out on the second layer of coal above the coal at the bottom layer of the coal bed; and repeating the steps in the same manner, and mining layer by layer until the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
10. The use method of the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device according to claim 7, characterized in that the rotary hydraulic cutting and layer-by-layer mining from bottom to top along the coal seam to be mined are adopted in the step b: an operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to enable the shear fork telescopic ground drilling water jet coal mining spray head device to descend to the lower limit position of the burial depth range of a coal seam, then a high-pressure water pump and a conveying pipe rotating device are sequentially started, the conveying pipe rotating device drives the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to rotate at a low speed along the axis of the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to enable the high-pressure water jet to break the coal seam in the circumferential range while spraying through the spray head (4), then the operator controls the sliding block lifting driving mechanism (35) to act to enable the shear fork telescopic assembly to extend outwards at a low speed until the shear fork telescopic assembly completely extends outwards, and then all mining of bottom coal in the coal seam range is completed; after the operator controls the slide block lifting driving mechanism (35) to reset, the operator controls the conveying pipe lifting control mechanism to lift the high-pressure conveying pipe (1) to a set height, and rotary hydraulic mining is carried out on the second layer of coal above the coal at the bottom layer of the coal bed; and repeating the steps in the same manner, and mining layer by layer until the coal seam in the mining range is mined completely.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109965745A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-07-05 | 华东理工大学 | A kind of intelligence flavoring machine |
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