CN112832756A - Underground water environment quality evaluation method - Google Patents
Underground water environment quality evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/081—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells with down-hole means for trapping a fluid sample
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underground water environment quality evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: according to the distribution condition of the groundwater flow direction pollution source in the area to be evaluated and the diffusion form of pollutants in the groundwater, distributing pollution control monitoring points; building an underground water sampling well at a pollution control monitoring point; putting the Beller tube into a groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample; adding a protective agent into the sample bottle, adding the collected sample into the sample bottle, and then placing the sample bottle into a refrigerated cabinet for circulation; and (4) carrying out quantitative analysis on the sample by adopting a calibration curve method, and evaluating the environmental quality of the underground water in the area to be evaluated according to the analysis result. The invention can reduce repeated breaking of rock debris, improve the mechanical drilling speed, increase the drilling efficiency, reduce or eliminate the leakage of drilling fluid, protect a reservoir, save a large amount of drilling fluid material consumption, reduce the hydrolysis of metal ions, fix specific components in a collected water sample, ensure that the collected water sample cannot deteriorate in a longer time and ensure that the detection result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field related to environmental quality evaluation, in particular to an underground water environmental quality evaluation method.
Background
The groundwater environment is a general term of the state and the change of groundwater and the environment of occurrence space under the influence of the internal and external dynamic geological action and the human action, the groundwater environment quality evaluation is the main component of the environmental impact evaluation, and the main work content comprises the detailed investigation of the hydrogeological conditions in the evaluation range; investigating the underground water exploitation utilization value, the current situation and plan, well position distribution and water source protection wipe-out in the evaluation range; determining a groundwater quality target; evaluating the existing underground water pollution source in the range, and surveying the underground water pollution source in the project under construction and proposed construction; detecting the current situation of the environmental quality of underground water; analyzing a groundwater pollution path; research and determination of a groundwater pollution prediction mode and parameters; the prediction and evaluation of the influence of the construction project on the groundwater environment, the analysis of measures for protecting and improving the groundwater environment quality and the like.
At present, the consumption of drilling fluid for constructing an underground water sampling well in the quality evaluation of the underground water environment is high, the efficiency is low, in addition, the cleaning of a sample bottle is troublesome, and the collected sample is easy to deteriorate in the transfer process, so that the detection result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
On the basis, the underground water environment quality evaluation method is necessary to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, drilling fluid consumption is high during underground water sampling well construction, efficiency is low, in addition, sample bottles are troublesome to clean, and collected samples are easy to deteriorate in the transferring process, so that the detection result is inaccurate.
The invention provides an underground water environment quality evaluation method, which comprises the following steps:
according to the distribution condition of the groundwater flow direction pollution source in the area to be evaluated and the diffusion form of pollutants in the groundwater, distributing pollution control monitoring points;
building an underground water sampling well at the pollution control monitoring point;
putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample;
adding a protective agent into a sample bottle, adding a collected sample into the sample bottle, and then placing the sample bottle into a refrigerated cabinet for circulation;
carrying out quantitative analysis on the sample by adopting a calibration curve method, and evaluating the underground water environmental quality of the area to be evaluated according to an analysis result;
wherein the protective agent is sulfuric acid, and the underground water sampling well is a pollution control monitoring well.
Further, the method for distributing the pollution control monitoring points according to the distribution condition of the groundwater flow direction pollution source in the area to be evaluated and the diffusion form of the pollutants in the groundwater specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the distribution density of pollution control monitoring points according to the region type of the region to be evaluated;
and distributing pollution control monitoring points according to the distribution condition of the flow direction of the underground water to the pollution source in the area to be evaluated, the diffusion form of the pollutants in the underground water and the distribution density of the pollution control monitoring points.
Furthermore, the arrangement density of the water supply area is greater than that of the non-water supply area, the arrangement density of the urban area is greater than that of the rural area, and the arrangement density of the underground water polluted area is greater than that of the underground water non-polluted area, wherein the underground water polluted area is an area with an underground water pollution value greater than or equal to a preset pollution standard, and the underground water non-polluted area is an area with an underground water pollution value less than a preset pollution standard.
Further, the construction of an underground water sampling well at the pollution control monitoring point specifically comprises:
and sequentially executing a drilling step, a pipe discharging step, a filter material filling step, a sealing and water stopping step, a well platform constructing step, a well forming and washing step and a well sealing step at the pollution control monitoring point to complete the construction of the underground water sampling well.
Further:
the drilling step includes: drilling holes at the pollution control monitoring points, wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is larger than that of a well pipe of the underground water sampling well to be built, drilling and washing the drilled holes after the drilled holes reach a set depth, then standing for a preset time and recording a static water level;
the step of lowering the tube, comprising: correcting the hole depth of the drilled hole, removing obstacles in the drilled hole, then placing a well pipe in the drilled hole, righting and fixing the well pipe after the well pipe is lowered, and enabling the well pipe to coincide with the axis of the drilled hole;
the step of filling the filter material comprises the following steps: slowly filling a filter material into an annular gap between the wall of the well pipe and the wall of the drilled hole by using a sand guide pipe, and filling the filter material to a designed height;
the well platform constructing step includes: constructing a well platform at an orifice of the drilled hole, reserving a well pipe with a preset length at the overground part of the well platform, wherein the orifice of the drilled hole is a well mouth, a pipe cap which is made of the same material as the well pipe and is provided with a through hole is adopted at the well mouth to plug a pipe orifice of the well pipe, a pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the well pipe reserved at the overground part of the well platform, and concrete slurry is injected between the pipe sleeve and the well pipe for fixation;
the well completion well washing step comprises the following steps: after a preset time, washing the well pipe at a flow speed not exceeding a preset flow speed value until a preset monitoring parameter value is stable;
the well sealing step comprises the following steps: and (3) putting a hard tubule with the diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the well pipe into the well pipe through a through hole on the pipe cap, and filling a bentonite ball into an annular space between the tubule and the inner wall of the well pipe to build the underground water sampling well.
Still further, the step of placing the belleville tubes into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain samples specifically comprises the following steps:
fastening a nylon rope at the upper end of the Beller tube, and connecting a threaded port at the upper end of the Beller tube with the nylon rope to the bottom;
and putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well through the thin tube for sampling to obtain a sample.
Still further, the well completion well washing step specifically comprises: and after a preset time, performing mixed well washing on the well pipe by adopting the forward circulation well washing and the reverse circulation well washing at a flow speed not exceeding a preset flow speed value until a preset monitoring parameter value is stable.
Still further, the step of placing the belleville tubes into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain samples specifically comprises the following steps:
and if the absolute value of the difference between the underground water level after the mixed well washing and the underground water level before the mixed well washing is smaller than the preset difference threshold, immediately putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample, and otherwise, putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain the sample after the underground water level is stable.
Further, the operation of putting the belleville tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain samples is performed for multiple times, multiple samples are obtained and serve as a sample group, the samples are quantitatively analyzed by adopting a calibration curve method, and the groundwater environment quality of the area to be evaluated is evaluated according to an analysis result, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
performing parallel double-sample measurement on each sample of the sample group to obtain a first parallel double-sample measurement value and a second parallel double-sample measurement value of each sample;
if the relative deviation of the first parallel double-sample measurement value and the second parallel double-sample measurement value is within an allowable range, judging that the sample is qualified, otherwise, judging that the sample is unqualified;
and calculating the sample qualification rate of the sample group as the percentage of the number of qualified samples in the total number of the sample group, if the sample qualification rate of the sample group is greater than a preset qualification rate threshold value, quantitatively analyzing the samples of the sample group by using a calibration curve method, and evaluating the groundwater environment quality of the area to be evaluated according to the analysis result.
Still further, the protecting agent is sulfuric acid.
The invention provides an underground water environment quality evaluation method, adopting mixed well washing of positive circulation well washing and reverse circulation well washing, the well washing liquid has high flow rate, large pressure and strong washing capacity, has better washing effect on a cutter and a well bottom, can reduce the chance of repeatedly crushing drill cuttings, can also be used as a power source to rotate a drilling tool, the drilling liquid at the mixed well washing drill bit generates a pumping effect on the well bottom, rock debris is taken away in time, the compaction effect is reduced, the mechanical drilling speed can be improved when a leaking layer is drilled, the drilling efficiency is increased, the annular space pressure consumption is small when reverse circulation drilling is carried out, the pressure acting on a stratum is small, so that the leakage of the drilling liquid can be reduced or eliminated when a stratum which is easy to leak is drilled, the reservoir is protected, a large amount of drilling liquid material consumption is saved, the repeated crushing of the rock debris can be reduced, the step of collecting water sample moistening and washing can be omitted by adding a sulfuric acid protective agent in a sample bottle, the protective agent through adding can reduce metal ion's hydrolysis, can fix the specific composition in the water sample of gathering, and the sample bottle is put into the freezer simultaneously and is circulated and can guarantee that the water sample of gathering can not deteriorate in a long time, can make the result of detection more accurate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating the quality of an underground water environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating the environmental quality of underground water according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating the quality of an underground water environment according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:
step S101, distributing pollution control monitoring points according to the distribution condition of groundwater flow direction pollution sources in an area to be evaluated and the diffusion form of pollutants in groundwater;
step S102, constructing an underground water sampling well at the pollution control monitoring point;
step S103, putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample;
step S104, adding a protective agent into the sample bottle, adding the collected sample into the sample bottle, and then placing the sample bottle into a refrigerated cabinet for circulation;
step S105, carrying out quantitative analysis on the sample by adopting a calibration curve method, and evaluating the groundwater environment quality of the area to be evaluated according to an analysis result;
wherein the protective agent is sulfuric acid, and the underground water sampling well is a pollution control monitoring well.
Specifically, step S101 is executed in the area to be evaluated, and an underground water monitoring point network is designed: and (3) according to the distribution condition of the local groundwater flow direction pollution source and the diffusion form of the pollutant in the groundwater, distributing pollution control monitoring points by adopting a point-surface combination method, wherein the pollution control monitoring points are used for building groundwater sampling wells. Then, step S102 is carried out to construct a groundwater sampling well, and step S103 is carried out to sample groundwater. And step S104, storing and circulating the samples, adding the collected samples into the sample bottles, and then putting the sample bottles into a refrigerated cabinet for circulating and conveying. Adding a certain amount of protective agent into the sample bottle before adding the collected sample into the sample bottle, marking the label of the sample bottle with the internal control number of the detection unit, and marking the effective time of the sample. The step of collecting water sample rinse can be saved to the protective agent that adds in the sample bottle, can reduce metal ion's hydrolysis through the protective agent that adds, can fix the specific composition in the collection water sample, and the sample bottle is put into the freezer and is circulated simultaneously and can guarantee that the collection water sample can not deteriorate in the longer time, can make the result of detection more accurate.
In one embodiment, the protective agent is sulfuric acid.
Finally, step S105 is performed to perform analysis and detection, specifically, a calibration curve method is used to perform quantitative analysis on the sample.
The calibration curve method comprises the following steps: preparing standard series with different concentrations by using standard samples, carrying out equal-volume accurate sample injection under the same chromatographic condition with the component to be measured, measuring the peak area or peak height of each peak, drawing a standard curve for the concentration of the sample by using the peak area or peak height, wherein the standard curve is a straight line passing through an original point, if the standard curve does not pass through the original point, the system error exists, and the slope of the standard curve is an absolute correction factor.
The invention provides an underground water environment quality evaluation method which can reduce repeated breaking of rock debris, improve the mechanical drilling speed, increase the drilling efficiency, reduce or eliminate the leakage of drilling fluid, protect a reservoir, save a large amount of drilling fluid material consumption, reduce the hydrolysis of metal ions, fix specific components in a collected water sample, ensure that the collected water sample cannot deteriorate in a longer time and ensure that the detection result is more accurate.
In one embodiment, the laying of the pollution control monitoring points according to the distribution condition of the groundwater flow direction pollution source in the area to be evaluated and the diffusion form of the pollutants in the groundwater specifically includes:
determining the distribution density of pollution control monitoring points according to the region type of the region to be evaluated;
and distributing pollution control monitoring points according to the distribution condition of the flow direction of the underground water to the pollution source in the area to be evaluated, the diffusion form of the pollutants in the underground water and the distribution density of the pollution control monitoring points.
The method determines the distribution density of pollution control monitoring points according to the region types, and obtains enough representative environmental information by the least monitoring points as possible.
In one embodiment, the arrangement density of the water supply area is greater than that of the non-water supply area, the arrangement density of the urban area is greater than that of the rural area, and the arrangement density of the underground water polluted area is greater than that of the underground water non-polluted area, wherein the underground water polluted area is an area with an underground water pollution value greater than or equal to a preset pollution standard, and the underground water non-polluted area is an area with an underground water pollution value less than a preset pollution standard.
Specifically, the principle of monitoring the distribution density of the point network is as follows:
the density of the main water supply area is high, and the density of the general area is low;
the urban area has high density and the rural area has low density;
the density of the area with serious groundwater pollution is high, and the density of the non-polluted area is low.
The present embodiment acquires sufficient representative environmental information with the least number of monitoring points as possible.
In one embodiment, the building of a groundwater sampling well at the pollution control monitoring point specifically includes:
and sequentially executing a drilling step, a pipe discharging step, a filter material filling step, a sealing and water stopping step, a well platform constructing step, a well forming and washing step and a well sealing step at the pollution control monitoring point to complete the construction of the underground water sampling well.
The sampling well construction process comprises the steps of drilling, pipe descending, filter material filling, sealing and water stopping, well platform construction, well completion and well flushing and well sealing.
In one embodiment:
the drilling step includes: drilling holes at the pollution control monitoring points, wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is larger than that of a well pipe of the underground water sampling well to be built, drilling and washing the drilled holes after the drilled holes reach a set depth, then standing for a preset time and recording a static water level;
the step of lowering the tube, comprising: correcting the hole depth of the drilled hole, removing obstacles in the drilled hole, then placing a well pipe in the drilled hole, righting and fixing the well pipe after the well pipe is lowered, and enabling the well pipe to coincide with the axis of the drilled hole;
the step of filling the filter material comprises the following steps: slowly filling a filter material into an annular gap between the wall of the well pipe and the wall of the drilled hole by using a sand guide pipe, and filling the filter material to a designed height;
the well platform constructing step includes: constructing a well platform at an orifice of the drilled hole, reserving a well pipe with a preset length at the overground part of the well platform, wherein the orifice of the drilled hole is a well mouth, a pipe cap which is made of the same material as the well pipe and is provided with a through hole is adopted at the well mouth to plug a pipe orifice of the well pipe, a pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the well pipe reserved at the overground part of the well platform, and concrete slurry is injected between the pipe sleeve and the well pipe for fixation;
the well completion well washing step comprises the following steps: after a preset time, washing the well pipe at a flow speed not exceeding a preset flow speed value until a preset monitoring parameter value is stable;
the well sealing step comprises the following steps: and (3) putting a hard tubule with the diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the well pipe into the well pipe through a through hole on the pipe cap, and filling a bentonite ball into an annular space between the tubule and the inner wall of the well pipe to build the underground water sampling well.
The embodiment realizes a specific underground water sampling well construction method.
In one embodiment, the placing the belleville tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample specifically includes:
fastening a nylon rope at the upper end of the Beller tube, and connecting a threaded port at the upper end of the Beller tube with the nylon rope to the bottom;
and putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well through the thin tube for sampling to obtain a sample.
The nylon rope is tied tightly at the upper end of the Beller tube in the embodiment, the connection with the Beller tube is ensured, the threaded port at the upper end of the Beller tube is connected to the bottom, the Beller tube is prevented from falling off during sampling, and the Beller tube is placed into the sampling well for sampling.
In one embodiment, the well completion flushing step specifically includes: and after a preset time, performing mixed well washing on the well pipe by adopting the forward circulation well washing and the reverse circulation well washing at a flow speed not exceeding a preset flow speed value until a preset monitoring parameter value is stable.
The embodiment adopts the mixed well washing of the positive circulation well washing and the reverse circulation well washing, the flow rate of the well washing liquid is high, the pressure is large, the flushing capacity is strong, the flushing effect on a cutter and the well bottom can be better, the probability that drill cuttings are repeatedly crushed can be reduced, the well washing liquid can also be used as a power source to enable a drilling tool to rotate, the drilling liquid at the position of a mixed well washing drill bit generates a pumping effect on the well bottom, rock cuttings are taken away in time, the compaction effect is reduced, the mechanical drilling speed can be improved when a leaking stratum is drilled, the drilling efficiency is increased, the annular pressure consumption is low when reverse circulation drilling is carried out, and the pressure acting on the stratum is low, so that the leakage of the drilling liquid can be reduced or eliminated when the stratum which is easy to leak is drilled, the reservoir is.
In one embodiment, the placing the belleville tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample specifically includes:
and if the absolute value of the difference between the underground water level after the mixed well washing and the underground water level before the mixed well washing is smaller than the preset difference threshold, immediately putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample, and otherwise, putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain the sample after the underground water level is stable.
Specifically, the difference threshold is preferably 10 cm, and after the sampling well flushing meets the requirement, if the water level change of underground water is less than 10 cm, the sampling can be immediately carried out; and if the water level of the underground water changes by more than 10 cm, sampling after the underground water level is stabilized again, and if the underground water replenishing speed is low, completing underground water sampling within 2 hours after well washing.
In one embodiment, the operation of placing a belleville tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample is performed multiple times, so as to obtain multiple samples as a sample group, the sample group is obtained by performing quantitative analysis on the sample by using a calibration curve method, and the quality of the groundwater environment in the area to be evaluated is evaluated according to an analysis result, specifically including:
performing parallel double-sample measurement on each sample of the sample group to obtain a first parallel double-sample measurement value and a second parallel double-sample measurement value of each sample;
if the relative deviation of the first parallel double-sample measurement value and the second parallel double-sample measurement value is within an allowable range, judging that the sample is qualified, otherwise, judging that the sample is unqualified;
and calculating the sample qualification rate of the sample group as the percentage of the number of qualified samples in the total number of the sample group, if the sample qualification rate of the sample group is greater than a preset qualification rate threshold value, quantitatively analyzing the samples of the sample group by using a calibration curve method, and evaluating the groundwater environment quality of the area to be evaluated according to the analysis result.
Wherein, the parallel double-sample determination is that in the environmental monitoring and sample analysis, the sample comprising only two same subsamples is respectively determined.
In the embodiment, whether the sample is qualified or not is judged, unqualified samples are removed, and the evaluation accuracy is improved.
In one embodiment, the relative deviation RD is (a-B)/(a + B) × 100%, where a is the first parallel double assay and B is the second parallel double assay.
Fig. 2 shows a work flow chart of an underground water environment quality evaluation method according to the best embodiment of the invention, which comprises the steps of designing an underground water monitoring point network, constructing an underground water sampling well, sampling underground water, storing and circulating samples, analyzing and detecting, and the specific steps are as follows:
step S201, designing a groundwater monitoring point network: according to the distribution condition of local underground water flow to pollution sources and the diffusion form of pollutants in underground water, a point-surface combination ground method is adopted to lay a pollution control monitoring well;
step S202, underground water sampling well construction: the sampling well construction process comprises the steps of drilling, pipe descending, filter material filling, sealing and water stopping, well platform construction, well completion and well flushing and well sealing.
Step S203, groundwater sampling: the nylon rope is fastened at the upper end of the Beller tube to ensure connection with the Beller tube, a threaded port at the upper end of the Beller tube is connected to the bottom to prevent the Beller tube from falling off during sampling, and the Beller tube is placed into a sampling well for sampling.
Step S204, sample storage and circulation: the collected sample is added into the sample bottle, and then the sample bottle is placed into a refrigerated cabinet for circulation.
Step S205, analyzing and detecting: and carrying out quantitative analysis on the sample by adopting a calibration curve method.
In step S201, the principle of the monitoring point network arrangement density is that the main water supply area is dense, the general area is sparse, the urban area is dense, the rural area is sparse, the area with serious groundwater pollution is dense, the non-polluted area is sparse, and the monitoring points can obtain enough representative environmental information as far as possible.
Step S202, the specific requirements are:
(1) in the drilling step, the diameter of a drilled hole is at least 50mm larger than that of the well pipe, the drilled hole is washed after reaching a set depth to remove mud and drill cuttings in the drilled hole, then the drilled hole is kept stand for 2-3 h, and the static water level is recorded.
(2) In the pipe laying step, the hole depth is corrected before pipe laying, the well pipes are measured, arranged, numbered and fastened one by one according to the sequence, the pipe laying depth and the installation position of the water filter pipe are ensured to be accurate, the lowering speed of the well pipes is not too fast, the well pipes can be lifted and rotated properly when being blocked midway, the well pipes are lifted out when necessary, the pipes are laid after the barriers in the holes are removed, the pipes are righted and fixed after pipe laying is finished, and the well pipes are coincided with the axes of the drilled holes.
(3) In the step of filling the filter material, the sand guide pipe is used for slowly filling the filter material into annular gaps in the pipe wall and the hole wall, the filter material is uniformly filled along the periphery of the well pipe, the well pipe is shaken while being filled, the process of filling the filter material is measured, and the filter material is ensured to be filled to the design height.
(4) In the well platform construction step, the length of the well pipe on the overground part of the well platform is kept to be 30cm-50cm, a well mouth is plugged by a pipe cap made of the same material as the well pipe, the well pipe on the overground part is protected by a pipe sleeve, concrete slurry is injected between the pipe sleeve and the well pipe for fixing, and the height of the well platform is not less than 30 cm.
(5) In the step of well completion and well washing, the well washing is carried out after the underground water sampling well is built for at least 24 hours, the flow rate is controlled not to exceed 38L/min during the well washing, and meanwhile, the parameter values of pH value, conductivity, turbidity, water temperature and the like are monitored to be stable.
(6) In the well sealing step, a hard thin tube with the diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the well is put into the well in advance, and a certain amount of bentonite balls are filled into an annular space between the thin tube and the wall of the well.
In step S202, to prevent cross contamination, in the step of well completion flushing, the pump body and the pipeline are cleaned by the belleville tube while flushing the well, and the cleaning wastewater is collected and disposed.
In step S203, a mixed well washing of the positive circulation well washing and the reverse circulation well washing is preferably adopted. After the sampling well-flushing in the step S203 meets the requirement, if the water level change of the underground water is less than 10 cm, the sampling can be immediately carried out; and if the water level of the underground water changes by more than 10 cm, sampling after the underground water level is stabilized again, and if the underground water replenishing speed is low, completing underground water sampling within 2 hours after well washing.
In step S204, a certain amount of protective agent is added to the sample bottle before the collected sample is added to the sample bottle, the label of the sample bottle is marked with the internal control number of the detection unit, and the effective time of the sample is marked.
In step S203, a plurality of groundwater sample samples are obtained, in step S205, parallel double-sample measurement is performed on each sample, if the Relative Deviation (RD) of the parallel double-sample measurement values (a, B) of the samples is within an allowable range, the precision of the parallel double-sample is controlled to be qualified, otherwise, the precision of the parallel double-sample is not qualified, and the RD calculation formula is as follows: RD (%) - (a-B)/a + B100%.
In step S205, the parallel double-sample analysis test yield is counted according to a single detection item in each batch of samples of the same type, and the calculation formula is as follows: the percent of pass (percent) is qualified sample number/total analysis sample number is 100 percent, the requirement of the percent of pass of the parallel double-sample analysis test reaches 95 percent, when the percent of pass is less than 95 percent, the reason of the unqualified result is found out, proper correction and prevention measures are adopted, and the parallel double-sample analysis proportion of 5 to 15 percent is increased until the total percent of pass reaches 95 percent besides the reanalysis test of the unqualified result.
The invention provides an underground water environment quality evaluation method, which adopts mixed well washing of positive circulation well washing and reverse circulation well washing, has high flow rate of well washing liquid, large pressure and strong washing capacity, can have better washing effect on a cutter and a well bottom, can reduce the chance of repeatedly crushing drill cuttings, can also be used as a power source to rotate a drilling tool, can generate a swabbing effect on the well bottom by drilling liquid at a mixed well washing drill bit, takes away rock debris in time, reduces a compaction effect, can improve the mechanical drilling speed when drilling in a leaking layer, increases the drilling efficiency, has small annular space pressure consumption when drilling in reverse circulation, has small pressure acting on a stratum, can reduce or eliminate the leakage of the drilling liquid when drilling in a stratum with easy leakage, protects the stratum and saves a large amount of drilling liquid material consumption.
According to the method for evaluating the quality of the underground water environment, the step of collecting a water sample for rinsing can be omitted by adding the protective agent into the sample bottle, the hydrolysis effect of metal ions can be reduced by the added protective agent, specific components in the collected water sample can be fixed, meanwhile, the sample bottle is placed into the refrigerated cabinet for circulation, the collected water sample can be guaranteed not to deteriorate within a long time, and the detection result can be more accurate.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An underground water environment quality evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the distribution condition of the groundwater flow direction pollution source in the area to be evaluated and the diffusion form of pollutants in the groundwater, distributing pollution control monitoring points;
building an underground water sampling well at the pollution control monitoring point;
putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample;
adding a protective agent into a sample bottle, adding a collected sample into the sample bottle, and then placing the sample bottle into a refrigerated cabinet for circulation;
and quantitatively analyzing the sample by adopting a calibration curve method, and evaluating the environmental quality of the underground water in the area to be evaluated according to an analysis result.
2. A groundwater environment quality evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the laying of pollution control monitoring points according to a groundwater flow direction pollution source distribution condition of an area to be evaluated and a diffusion form of pollutants in groundwater specifically comprises:
determining the distribution density of pollution control monitoring points according to the region type of the region to be evaluated;
and distributing pollution control monitoring points according to the distribution condition of the flow direction of the underground water to the pollution source in the area to be evaluated, the diffusion form of the pollutants in the underground water and the distribution density of the pollution control monitoring points.
3. A groundwater environment quality evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein a distribution density of a water supply region is higher than a distribution density of a non-water supply region, a distribution density of an urban region is higher than a distribution density of a rural region, a distribution density of a groundwater polluted region is higher than a distribution density of a groundwater non-polluted region, the groundwater polluted region is a region where a groundwater pollution value is not less than a preset pollution standard, and the groundwater non-polluted region is a region where a groundwater pollution value is less than a preset pollution standard.
4. A groundwater environment quality evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the building of a groundwater sampling well at the pollution control monitoring point specifically comprises:
and sequentially executing a drilling step, a pipe discharging step, a filter material filling step, a sealing and water stopping step, a well platform constructing step, a well forming and washing step and a well sealing step at the pollution control monitoring point to complete the construction of the underground water sampling well.
5. The groundwater environment quality evaluation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the drilling step includes: drilling holes at the pollution control monitoring points, wherein the diameter of each drilled hole is larger than that of a well pipe of the underground water sampling well to be built, drilling and washing the drilled holes after the drilled holes reach a set depth, then standing for a preset time and recording a static water level;
the step of lowering the tube, comprising: correcting the hole depth of the drilled hole, removing obstacles in the drilled hole, then placing a well pipe in the drilled hole, righting and fixing the well pipe after the well pipe is lowered, and enabling the well pipe to coincide with the axis of the drilled hole;
the step of filling the filter material comprises the following steps: slowly filling a filter material into an annular gap between the wall of the well pipe and the wall of the drilled hole by using a sand guide pipe, and filling the filter material to a designed height;
the well platform constructing step includes: constructing a well platform at an orifice of the drilled hole, reserving a well pipe with a preset length at the overground part of the well platform, wherein the orifice of the drilled hole is a well mouth, a pipe cap which is made of the same material as the well pipe and is provided with a through hole is adopted at the well mouth to plug a pipe orifice of the well pipe, a pipe sleeve is sleeved outside the well pipe reserved at the overground part of the well platform, and concrete slurry is injected between the pipe sleeve and the well pipe for fixation;
the well completion well washing step comprises the following steps: after a preset time, washing the well pipe at a flow speed not exceeding a preset flow speed value until a preset monitoring parameter value is stable;
the well sealing step comprises the following steps: and (3) putting a hard tubule with the diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the well pipe into the well pipe through a through hole on the pipe cap, and filling a bentonite ball into an annular space between the tubule and the inner wall of the well pipe to build the underground water sampling well.
6. A groundwater environment quality evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein the placing of the Beller tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample specifically comprises:
fastening a nylon rope at the upper end of the Beller tube, and connecting a threaded port at the upper end of the Beller tube with the nylon rope to the bottom;
and putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well through the thin tube for sampling to obtain a sample.
7. A groundwater environment quality evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein the well completion well washing step specifically comprises: and after a preset time, performing mixed well washing on the well pipe by adopting the forward circulation well washing and the reverse circulation well washing at a flow speed not exceeding a preset flow speed value until a preset monitoring parameter value is stable.
8. A groundwater environment quality evaluation method according to claim 7, wherein the placing of the Beller tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample specifically comprises:
and if the absolute value of the difference between the underground water level after the mixed well washing and the underground water level before the mixed well washing is smaller than the preset difference threshold, immediately putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain a sample, and otherwise, putting the Beller tube into the underground water sampling well for sampling to obtain the sample after the underground water level is stable.
9. A groundwater environmental quality evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the operation of putting a baylor tube into the groundwater sampling well for sampling to obtain samples is performed a plurality of times, a plurality of samples are obtained as a sample group, the samples are quantitatively analyzed by a calibration curve method, and groundwater environmental quality of the area to be evaluated is evaluated according to an analysis result, specifically comprising:
performing parallel double-sample measurement on each sample of the sample group to obtain a first parallel double-sample measurement value and a second parallel double-sample measurement value of each sample;
if the relative deviation of the first parallel double-sample measurement value and the second parallel double-sample measurement value is within an allowable range, judging that the sample is qualified, otherwise, judging that the sample is unqualified;
and calculating the sample qualification rate of the sample group as the percentage of the number of qualified samples in the total number of the sample group, if the sample qualification rate of the sample group is greater than a preset qualification rate threshold value, quantitatively analyzing the samples of the sample group by using a calibration curve method, and evaluating the groundwater environment quality of the area to be evaluated according to the analysis result.
10. The groundwater environment quality evaluation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the protecting agent is sulfuric acid.
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