CN112830853A

CN112830853A - Water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer

Info

Publication number: CN112830853A
Application number: CN202110117933.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄文善; 侯期任; 梁世武; 蒙黄斌; 林婷
Original assignee: Guangxi Lvyounong Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi contrast Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2021-01-28
Filing date: 2021-01-28
Publication date: 2021-05-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological corn fertilizers, and provides a water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer, which comprises the following components: 25-45 parts of urea, 10-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-40 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.6 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.5-1.2 parts of borax and 250 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, has reasonable design and compact structure, solves the problems of single benefit and no diversification of the existing corn fertilizer, takes cane molasses alcohol waste liquid as a carrier, adds a proper proportion of large and medium trace elements and a long-acting formula according to the nutritional characteristics and soil conditions of corn in southwest of China, and is a long-acting professional corn fertilizer prepared by spraying and granulating, wherein the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is rich in various amino acids, proteins and polyglutamic acid, and the appropriate amount of polyglutamic acid is generated by adding bacillus natto to the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid for fermentation, so that the fertilizer can play a role in preserving water and fertility after being applied to soil, and plays a role in greatly improving and promoting the drought planting of corn in south.

Description

Water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological corn fertilizers, in particular to a water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer.

Background

The cultivation history of corn in China is about 470 years. At present, the sowing area of China is about 3 hundred million mu, which is second to rice and wheat, third to grain crops and second to America all over the world. It is widely planted in tropical and temperate regions of the world. The fertilizer is mainly farmyard manure and is auxiliary. In China, most corns are planted in hilly areas, the soil layer is thin, the fertility is low, farmyard manure is mainly organic fertilizer, the fertilizer contains rich nutrient components, the soil can be improved, the land utilization can be improved, and the fertilizer efficiency is longer. The fertilizer is a quick-acting fertilizer, and although the fertilizer also contains nutrient elements required by corn, the nutrient components are single compared with the nutrient components of farmyard manure. Meanwhile, other components are remained in the fertilizer in the application process, which is not beneficial to the growth of corn and the improvement of soil fertility. For foliar fertilizers, a plurality of domestic markets appear in recent years, most of the foliar fertilizers are hormones, and the second is a mixed type. The hormone is added with an artificial chemically synthesized plant growth regulator, has the functions of dividing plant cells and stimulating the growth of plants, is beneficial to certain plants, but cannot be used as a broad-spectrum type, is not suitable for young crops and is not suitable for perennial crops and seed-reserving crops. The mixed type is mostly the mixture of inorganic or organic compounds, certain nutrient components are added, the yield increasing effect is achieved on crops, but the disadvantages are that: most products have stink or pungent smell, the yield increasing effect is not obvious, the performance is not stable enough, the fertilizer efficiency is not strong enough, the using concentration is harmful to crops, the power for eliminating soil hardening is insufficient, the surfaces of attached plants are not durable after being sprayed, the plants are easy to evaporate or lose, and the disease resistance is not strong. And at present, the pollution is serious, heavy metal ions which can effectively prevent plants from absorbing the soil do not exist, and the fertilizer has single benefit and is not diversified.

Chinese patent document "a corn fertilizer (patent No. CN 105859490A)" discloses a corn fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the corn fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-45 parts of urea, 15-25 parts of humic acid, 15-25 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 8-12 parts of potassium hydroxide, 7 parts of vinasse, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 3-5 parts of sodium alginate solution, 0.5-0.7 part of yeast chromium and 4 parts of urease inhibitor.

In order to solve the general low-yield phenomenon caused by drought in corn planting areas in south China at present, a water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a molasses ecological corn fertilizer for preserving water and fertilizer, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, has reasonable design and compact structure, solves the problems of single benefit and no diversification of the existing corn fertilizer, takes cane molasses alcohol waste liquid as a carrier, adds large and medium trace elements in a proper proportion and a long-acting formula according to the nutritional characteristics and soil condition of corn in southwest of China, and is a long-acting professional corn fertilizer prepared by spraying slurry and granulating, the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is rich in various amino acids, proteins and polyglutamic acid, and appropriate polyglutamic acid is generated by adding bacillus natto into the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid for fermentation, so that the fertilizer can play a role in preserving water and fertilizer when being applied to soil, and plays a role in greatly improving and promoting drought planting of corn in south.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components: 25-45 parts of urea, 10-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-40 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.6 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.5-1.2 parts of borax and 250 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid.

Further, 0.5-2 parts of natto bacterial liquid is also included.

Further, the water-retaining agent also comprises 0.1-0.5 part.

Further, the total content of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium elements accounts for 20-40% of the total content.

A preparation process flow of a water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following steps:

preparing materials: urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, borax, bacillus natto liquid and cane molasses alcohol waste liquid;

adding Bacillus natto into the waste liquid of cane molasses alcohol, and stirring for one day to allow Bacillus natto to produce polyglutamic acid;

liquefaction: grinding urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate monohydrate and borax into powder, adding cane molasses alcohol waste liquid, and grinding into slurry to form liquid;

removing impurities: removing impurities in the liquid;

homogenizing: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and medium trace elements in all the ingredients and the raw materials can be uniformly dispersed in the product through a homogenizing process;

and (3) storage: pumping the homogenized liquid into a vacuum storage tank immediately;

and (3) granulation: spraying the liquid into a drying device through a high-pressure pump and a high-pressure spray gun for concentration, dehydration, solidification and granulation;

and (3) cooling: cooling by cooling equipment to obtain the finished product.

(III) advantageous effects

The embodiment of the invention provides a water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer. The method has the following beneficial effects:

the sugar cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is used as a carrier, a proper amount of major and minor trace elements and a long-acting formula are added according to the nutritional characteristics and soil conditions of corn in southwest China, the long-acting professional corn fertilizer is formed by spraying and granulating, the sugar cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is rich in various amino acids, proteins and polyglutamic acid, the appropriate amount of polyglutamic acid is generated by adding bacillus natto for fermentation to the sugar cane molasses alcohol waste liquid, and the fertilizer can play a role in preserving water and fertility after being applied to soil, and plays a role in greatly improving and promoting drought of corn planting in south China and plays a role in ecology.

The two major substances in the fertilizer, namely the waste liquor of the alcohol fermentation and the polyglutamic acid, have important ecological and practical significance

1. The cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is waste liquid after sugar and alcohol extraction of sugarcane, and the utilization of alcohol fermentation waste liquid as a base material for producing the fertilizer has three major effects, namely, the first effect is that the sugar molasses alcohol waste liquid contains a large amount of nutrients and promoting factors, and the sugar cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is added into the fertilizer and applied to soil to play a role in promoting the growth of plants; secondly, the method is beneficial to keeping substances absorbed by the Guangxi sugarcane in the soil in another way, and accords with the national ecological development and observation; and thirdly, the problem of emission of the waste liquor of the alcoholic fermentation can be effectively solved, the energy waste and the purification burden of an alcohol factory are reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are promoted.

2. The polyglutamic acid is a high-molecular anionic polypeptide polymer, has strong water absorption, has the maximum water absorption ratio of 1:3500, has a chelating effect on divalent cations, has good buffering capacity on acid and alkali, can effectively balance the pH value of soil, can be applied for a long time, and can play roles in preserving water and fertilizer and improving the soil. The corn planting in south China faces the biggest limiting factor of drought, the problem is relieved to a certain extent by the corn planting, and the weight-reducing and drug-reducing regulations and development directions of Ministry of agriculture are responded.

3. The polyglutamic acid in the product is produced by adding the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid as a bottom material into molasses stock solution and fermenting the added natto bacteria, and the cost is low and effective.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph comparing drought treatments for 5 days;

FIG. 2 is a graph comparing drought treatment for 7 days.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following components: 40 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.8 part of borax, 1 part of bacillus natto liquid and 200 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid.

In the corn fertilizer prepared according to the proportion, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounts for 30 percent of the total amount, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15-6-9, the organic matter provided by the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is 15 percent, the zinc content is 800PPM, and the boron content is 800 PPM.

The cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is waste liquid after sugar and alcohol extraction of sugarcane, and the utilization of alcohol fermentation waste liquid as a base material for producing the fertilizer has three major effects, namely, the first effect is that the sugar molasses alcohol waste liquid contains a large amount of nutrients and promoting factors, and the sugar cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is added into the fertilizer and applied to soil to play a role in promoting the growth of plants; secondly, the method is beneficial to keeping substances absorbed by the Guangxi sugarcane in the soil in another way, and accords with the national ecological development and observation; and thirdly, the problem of emission of the waste liquor of the alcoholic fermentation can be effectively solved, the energy waste and the purification burden of an alcohol factory are reduced, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are promoted.

The polyglutamic acid is a high-molecular anionic polypeptide polymer, has strong water absorption, has the maximum water absorption ratio of 1:3500, has a chelating effect on divalent cations, has good buffering capacity on acid and alkali, can effectively balance the pH value of soil, can be applied for a long time, and can play roles in preserving water and fertilizer and improving the soil. The corn planting in south China faces the biggest limiting factor of drought, the problem is relieved to a certain extent by the corn planting, and the weight-reducing and drug-reducing regulations and development directions of Ministry of agriculture are responded.

The polyglutamic acid in the product is produced by adding the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid as a bottom material into molasses stock solution and fermenting the added natto bacteria, and the cost is low and effective.

Example 2

The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following components: 40 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 30 parts of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.8 part of borax, 1 part of natto bacterial liquid, 200 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid and 0.1 part of water-retaining agent.

Example 3

The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following components: 32 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 33 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 50 parts of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.8 part of borax, 1 part of bacillus natto liquid and 200 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid.

In the corn fertilizer prepared according to the proportion, the sum of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounts for 35 percent of the total amount, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 12-8-15, the organic matter provided by the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is 15 percent, the zinc content is 800PPM, and the boron content is 800 PPM.

Example 4

The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following components: 32 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 33 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 50 parts of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.8 part of borax, 1 part of bacillus natto liquid, 200 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid and 0.1 part of water-retaining agent.

Example 5

The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following components: 32 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 26 parts of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate and 0.8 part of borax.

In the corn fertilizer prepared according to the proportion, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounts for 27 percent of the total amount, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 22-0-5.

Control group 1

The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer comprises the following components: 32 parts of urea, 20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 16 parts of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate and 0.8 part of borax.

In the corn fertilizer prepared according to the proportion, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accounts for 25 percent of the total amount, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 12-5-8.

The experimental process comprises the following steps:

the corn field test starts at 19/3/2020 and the harvest starts at 8/2020.

The experimental corn species are selected to be big 619, drought-tolerant and barren-tolerant;

the control group is 12-5-8 (referring to the total amount of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium is 12-5-8),

example 1 is a self-made formula fertilizer 15-6-9 (which means that the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium accounts for 15-6-9 of the total amount); 15% of organic matters (organic matters are provided by the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid), and the cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is used as a bottom material;

example 2 is a self-made formula fertilizer 15-6-9, 15% of organic matter, taking cane molasses alcohol waste liquid as a bottom material and adding 500g of water-retaining agent;

in the embodiment 3, the self-made formula fertilizer is 12-8-15%, 15% of organic matters are contained, and cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is used as a bottom material;

example 4 is a self-made formula fertilizer of 12-8-15%, 15% of organic matter, taking cane molasses alcohol waste liquid as a bottom material and adding 500g of water-retaining agent;

example 5 is 22-0-5.

The fertilizer is applied for one mu at the same cost, and the cost is based on the treatment of a control group.

Each handling three duplicate cells.

Analysis of Experimental data

TABLE 1 maize growth traits

The investigation time of the growth traits of the corns is 6 months and 17 days, the corns stop pulling up, the thickness of the corns is basically kept consistent, and the number of the buds is changed slightly. As can be seen from Table 1, the plant height was 229.19cm at the highest, which is a control group, 205.60cm at the lowest, which is example 5; the diameter of the ground is 23.7 at the thickest, is example 2, and 23.07 at the thinnest, is example 1, and the other treatment diameters are not different, the number of bracts is 1.8 at the most, is example 1, and is 1.26 at the least, is example 2.

Table 2 shows the corn yield table

In the experiment, the fertilizer dosage of the control group 1 is 1.84 times of the treatment dosage of the design formula examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, the dosage of the example 5 is 1.75 times of the dosage of the design formula examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, and the cost of the two fertilizers is 20.5 yuan/90 m2, namely 151.9 yuan/mu.

The corn harvesting time was 8 months and 10 days, the cell average weight algorithm, the yield was calculated by converting the cell area to 90m2 and 667m2, and 422.62 is (57.03/90) × 667 for the control group 1 treatment. As can be seen from Table 2, the yields of control 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 and example 5 were 422.62 kg/mu, 553.19 kg/mu, 576.21 kg/mu, 387.78 kg/mu, 442.81 kg/mu and 272.54 kg/mu, respectively, at the same cost, the best treatment was example 2, the yield increased by 113.01% in comparative example 5 and the yield increased by 36.3% in comparative control 1.

The processing yield improvement difference of the example 1 and the example 2 is small compared with the processing yield improvement of the water-retaining agent, the discharge error causes and the content of the water-retaining agent is not large, and the water-retaining agent is expensive.

The results of the anova showed that the treatment in example 2 was 15-6-9, the organic matter was 15%, and the difference between the water retention agent and other treatments was significant, which was the optimal treatment. The design formulas of example 1, example 3 and example 4 are significantly different from example 5, but are not significantly different from the control group 1. The formula product designed in the time can be divided into three gradients, wherein the first gradient is 12-8-9, the second gradient is 12-8-5 and 12-8-15, and the third gradient is 22-0-5.

In addition, on the premise of equal quality, 12-8-5 and 12-8-15 are compared to find that the dosage of 12-8-5 is 1.84 times of the dosage of 12-8-15, namely the dosage is high in nitrogen and phosphorus but low in potassium, and the yield is not obviously different from that of 12-8-15, which indicates that the corn yield cannot be improved to a certain extent even if the corn is high in potassium.

To sum up the above

In the experiment, the optimal formula is 15-6-9 of the formula in example 1, 15% of organic matters are adopted, and the water-retaining agent is not required to be added in the subsequent production.

The formulation is able to achieve higher yields than other products when the initial design requirements of the experiment are met, i.e. when half of the amount of other products are applied.

Examples of the experiments

With reference to the attached figures 1-2

The test varieties are as follows: chinese cabbage

Test time: year 2020, 11 month 01- -1 month 01

The treatments and the application amounts were as follows:

as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the control treatment, the treatment of the waste liquid of Bacillus natto sugar cane molasses alcohol, the treatment of sugar cane molasses and the treatment of fish protein are performed in sequence from left to right. Wherein FIG. 1 is a comparative representation after 5 days of drought treatment;

FIG. 2 is a comparative representation after drought treatment for 7 days. Table 1 shows the soil moisture after 5 and 7 days of drought treatment.

Table 3 shows the soil moisture table for each treatment

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and table 3, after 5 days of drought treatment, the humidity of the soil treated in the control group 2 was 20%, the water loss of the leaves of the pakchoi in the pot was severe, the marginal leaves were yellow, and the heart leaves were still greenish, and after 7 days of drought treatment, the average humidity of the soil in the pot treated in the control group 2 was 12%, and almost all plants in the pot were withered and yellow and almost died. After the natto bacillus sugar cane molasses alcohol waste liquid is subjected to drought treatment for 5 days, the average humidity of soil in a pot is 92%, plants in the pot are still green, and leaves are stiff; after 7 days of treatment, the average humidity of soil in the pot is 63%, the leaves of the plants in the pot are still dark green, but the leaves at the edges are slightly dehydrated and have softer touch. After the fish protein is subjected to drought treatment for 5 days, the soil humidity in the pot is 55%, the edges of the plants in the pot are dehydrated and yellowed, the touch feeling is soft and thin, and heart leaves still keep green; after 7 days of fish protein treatment, the humidity of soil in the pot is 38%, the leaves at the edge of the plants in the pot lose water seriously, and the leaves lose water when being dried up by touch, and only the heart leaves still keep dark green. After the sugar cane molasses waste liquid is treated by drought for 5 days, the soil humidity in the pot is 80%, the plant leaves in the pot are still green, the touch feeling of the edge leaves is slightly soft, the heart leaves are still very stiff, after the sugar cane molasses waste liquid is treated by drought for 7 days, the soil humidity in the pot is 51%, the edge leaves are soft, the touch feeling is single and soft, and the heart leaves are still green.

In conclusion, the bacillus natto is added into the sugarcane alcohol molasses waste liquid, can effectively preserve soil water, is beneficial to plant growth, reduces the drought influence time, and is beneficial to the development of planting work in drought areas.

In the embodiment, the preparation process flow of the corn fertilizer is as follows:

removing impurities: removing impurities in the liquid;

and (3) cooling: cooling by cooling equipment to obtain the finished product.

The processing technology is simple, and the storage and the transportation are convenient.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining molasses ecological corn fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components: 25-45 parts of urea, 10-30 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20-40 parts of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.6 part of zinc sulfate monohydrate, 0.5-1.2 parts of borax and 250 parts of cane molasses alcohol waste liquid.

2. The molasses ecological corn fertilizer for preserving moisture and fertility as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: also comprises 0.5-2 parts of natto bacterial liquid.

3. The molasses ecological corn fertilizer for preserving moisture and fertility as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: also comprises 0.1 to 0.5 portion of water retention agent.

4. The molasses ecological corn fertilizer for preserving moisture and fertility as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the total content of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is 20 to 40 percent.

5. The preparation process flow of the molasses ecological corn fertilizer with water retention and fertilizer retention as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:

removing impurities: removing impurities in the liquid;

and (3) cooling: cooling by cooling equipment to obtain the finished product.