CN112829615A - Optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture and control method based on multilayer network - Google Patents

Optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture and control method based on multilayer network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112829615A
CN112829615A CN202110198990.4A CN202110198990A CN112829615A CN 112829615 A CN112829615 A CN 112829615A CN 202110198990 A CN202110198990 A CN 202110198990A CN 112829615 A CN112829615 A CN 112829615A
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charging
control
bidirectional
unit
controller
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CN112829615B (en
Inventor
刘曼佳
向慕超
凌在汛
陶骞
崔一铂
康逸群
陈文�
郑景文
游力
焦海文
宋杨
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Hubei Fangyuan Dongli Electric Power Science Research Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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Hubei Fangyuan Dongli Electric Power Science Research Co ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/67—Controlling two or more charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a control architecture and a control method of an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station based on a multilayer network, wherein the system comprises an electric automobile networking cloud platform, a charging station cluster management and control cloud platform, a distribution network scheduling and control cloud platform, a plurality of charging station control center edge servers, controllers, a national network charging unit, a plurality of AC/DC and DC/DC modules, wherein the electric automobile networking cloud platform, the charging station cluster management and control cloud platform and the distribution network scheduling and control cloud platform are positioned on a scheduling layer from top to bottom; and the equipment layer rectification CAN bus, the charging pile CAN bus and the machine pile CAN bus are used as a secondary communication network to communicate with each controller of the equipment layer and corresponding power electronic charging equipment. The invention adopts the CAN bus technology which is one of field buses, and only one pair of twisted-pair wires are connected among the controllers through a network topology structure, so that the charging station control system is more flexible and convenient to install.

Description

Optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture and control method based on multilayer network
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging station control, in particular to a control framework and a control method of an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station based on a multilayer network.
Background
The electric vehicle charging station control system is a rather complicated logic control system, generally speaking, the whole system can relate to three platform layers of 'cloud-pipe-end', and each platform layer is interconnected and communicated by numerous communication devices, data processing devices and the like, so that the charging information of the electric vehicle in the charging station is uploaded and issued.
The current domestic electric automobile charging station system architecture is comparatively single, the mode that most adopt the distribution network power supply, be equipped with many alternating current direct current machine that charges in the station usually, because of the power of single alternating current direct current machine that charges is great, the single charge time is shorter, this characteristics lead to the charging station to be lower at the utilization ratio of the electric wire netting load low ebb period of night, and in electric wire netting load peak period of the day, if when having a large amount of electric motor cars to need quick charge simultaneously, powerful charge demand will bring the load impact of short-term to the electric wire netting, cause the volatility of electric wire netting to further strengthen. With the further development of intelligent charging stations under high-proportion permeability of new energy such as wind, light and storage, a novel charging station system which meets the development requirements of a future power grid becomes a necessary trend, and the field bus technology which is most widely applied in the field of industrial control becomes the most active branch. The field bus is a system for realizing bidirectional serial multi-node digital communication between various microcomputer measurement control devices in a production field, and is also called as an open type, digital and multi-node communication bottom layer control network. Its emergence provides powerful technical support for network communication of the intelligent charging station system, and simultaneously provides convenience for end users of the automation system.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the control framework and the control method of the intelligent charging station based on the multi-layer network are suitable for future power grid development under the condition of high proportional permeability of new energy, and the defects are overcome.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a light stores up and fills wisdom charging station control framework based on multilayer network, top-down is including the electric automobile car networking cloud platform that is located the dispatch layer, charging station cluster management and control cloud platform, join in marriage net dispatch management and control cloud platform, be located a plurality of charging station control center edge server on station control layer, be located the energy storage BMS controller on equipment layer, two-way rectifier unit controller, photovoltaic power generation unit controller, two-way heap unit controller that charges, the switching controller, national grid charging unit, a plurality of AC/DC and DC/DC module, national grid charging unit includes intercommunication connection's national grid charging unit and fills electric pile and national grid charging unit controller, its characterized in that: the device layer rectification CAN bus, the charging pile CAN bus and the machine pile CAN bus are used as secondary communication networks to be communicated with each controller of the device layer and corresponding power electronic charging equipment; when having electric automobile to charge in the charging station, charging station control center edge server passes through CAN bus receipt each the control unit's data message, calculates the response scheme through the built-in charge-discharge cluster control algorithm of control center to in time issue two-way rectification control instruction, photovoltaic power generation control instruction, energy storage charge-discharge control instruction, wherein:
the vehicle network cloud platform and the distribution network scheduling management cloud platform are used for connecting each charging station with a vehicle network and a distribution network management center to realize vehicle network interaction and station interaction, and the charging station cluster management and control cloud platform is used for carrying out remote visual display on all data of the charging stations;
the charging station control center edge server is used for receiving the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time and controls the actions of other controllers, and is also used for carrying out information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the energy storage BMS controller is used for acquiring charge and discharge power information and charge state information of the storage battery and sending the charge and discharge power information and the charge state information of the energy storage BMS controller unit to the charging station control center edge server, and is also used for receiving an energy storage charge and discharge control instruction sent by the charging station control center edge server, adjusting the charge and discharge power and the charge and discharge state of the energy storage BMS controller unit in real time and dynamically participating in an energy scheduling process of charging an electric vehicle of the charging station;
the bidirectional rectifying unit controller is used for receiving a bidirectional rectifying control command sent by the control center edge server, sending the command to the bidirectional AC/DC module and controlling the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module;
the switching controller is used for receiving switching instructions of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, establishing power generation channels of different units and the DC/DC module, and realizing man-machine interaction by connecting with the touch screen;
the state network charging unit controller collects electric quantity information and power demand information of the electric automobile BMS, sends the electric quantity information and the power demand information of the electric automobile BMS to the charging pile unit controller, receives a charging and discharging control instruction sent by the charging pile unit controller, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the photovoltaic power generation unit controller is used for acquiring voltage and current information of the photovoltaic array unit, uploading the voltage and current information to the control center edge server on one hand, receiving a photovoltaic power generation control command sent by the control center edge server on the other hand, and sending the command to the bidirectional DC/DC module to realize the MPPT function;
the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is used for communicating with a charging pile of a state network charging unit, receiving a charging pile demand instruction, simultaneously controlling the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, and also used for receiving a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction, and controlling the switching controller to establish a power generation channel between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module and a power generation channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the photovoltaic power generation control instruction and the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction.
Furthermore, the charging station control center edge server is used for providing computing power and is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, tide autonomous optimization and adjustment under vehicle-network multi-constraint conditions and a charging and discharging system cluster control algorithm aiming at power grid stable operation, the edge server upwards communicates with the dispatching layer cloud platform information through a TCP/IP protocol to realize visualization of all data of the charging station, and downwards issues a bidirectional rectification control instruction, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction through a charging station level CAN bus.
Furthermore, 3 paths of CAN networks are arranged in the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, one path of CAN networks is communicated with an outdoor national network charging unit through a machine pile CAN bus, the other path of CAN networks is responsible for controlling all the bidirectional DC/DC modules in the bidirectional charging pile controller through the charging pile CAN bus, and the other path of CAN networks is communicated with a control center edge server through a charging station level CAN bus, so that the functions of uploading real-time data of charging station equipment and receiving instructions sent by the edge server are realized.
Furthermore, the bidirectional charging pile unit controller adopts a framework that a digital signal processor DSP and a complex programmable logic device CPLD work cooperatively, the digital signal processor DSP is mainly used for completing real-time processing, operation and response of collected data and communicating with other microprocessors in a control system, the complex programmable logic device CPLD realizes software of hardware and enhances the capability of the digital signal processor to access peripheral equipment, the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is connected with an ammeter through an isolated RS485 interface, total voltage and current signals input at the front end of a bidirectional DC/DC module are detected, AD sampling is carried out through an analog input interface, the cabinet body temperature of the control cabinet is detected, and one GPIO port of the charging pile controller can generate PWM signals to drive the temperature of the fan control cabinet.
Furthermore, the national network charging unit controller adopts an AM3354 series processor based on TI company, and is connected with corresponding input and output components through software and hardware interfaces to complete the functions of man-machine display, metering charging, payment, data encryption and decryption, control of starting and stopping of charging equipment, communication with a car networking platform and the like, 2 paths of CAN buses are arranged in each national network charging controller, one path of CAN buses is used for receiving instructions of a bidirectional charging pile unit controller, and the other path of CAN buses is connected with an electric car BMS unit to realize national standard link communication.
Furthermore, the state network charging unit controller is connected with the electric energy meter through an RS485 bus for charging, is connected with an IC card through an RS232 bus for realizing card swiping payment, detects the gun temperature (Pt sampling resistor voltage division sampling) of the charging gun through AD sampling, is connected with a state standard gun insertion detection circuit through a digital quantity IO interface with optical coupling isolation, detects the insertion state and the cable capacity of the charging gun, is connected with an insulation detection module through an isolation type RS485 bus for detecting the insulation property of the vehicle, 10 electric vehicles are charged for one group by every 10 state network charging unit controllers with the characteristics, and the charging station can be expanded according to the number of the electric vehicles of the charging station.
Furthermore, 2 paths of CAN buses are arranged in the photovoltaic power generation unit controller, one path of CAN bus receives a power generation instruction issued by a control center edge server through a charging station level CAN bus, AD sampling is carried out through two paths of analog quantity input interfaces, voltage and current signals of the photovoltaic power generation unit are collected, the control instruction is output through the charging pile CAN bus after calculation of a built-in MPPT algorithm, the DC/DC module is enabled to run at the maximum power, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation unit controller CAN control the total output cut-off of the photovoltaic power generation unit through two paths of digital quantity output interfaces.
Furthermore, the bidirectional rectifying unit controller is provided with 2 CAN buses, one CAN bus receives a bidirectional rectifying control command sent by a control center edge server through a charging station level CAN bus, the other CAN bus sends the command to a bidirectional AC/DC module through the rectifying CAN bus to control the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module, meanwhile, the bidirectional rectifying unit controller collects alternating current side voltage and current signals and direct current side voltage and current signals through the 2 isolating type RS485 bus, AD sampling is carried out through an analog quantity input interface to detect the temperature of the cabinet body, PWM signals are generated through one GPIO port to drive a fan to control the temperature of the cabinet body, and the one digital quantity interface controls the cut-off control of an alternating current side power grid, so that the switching of the optical storage charging station from a grid-connected working mode is realized.
Further, the switching controller receives a switching instruction of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller through a machine pile CAN bus, then outputs digital quantity DO, controls a relay, and finally establishes charging and discharging channels of the energy storage unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, the bidirectional rectifying unit and the electric automobile in different running states through the control contactor.
A control method of an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station based on a multilayer network is characterized by being carried out by adopting the control architecture, and the method comprises the following steps: when an electric vehicle is charged in the charging station, the charging station control center edge server receives data information of each control unit through the CAN bus, calculates a response scheme through a charging and discharging cluster control algorithm built in the control center, and issues a bidirectional rectification control instruction, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction in time; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
the charging station control center edge server receives the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time, controls the actions of other controllers, and further performs information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the charging station control center edge server receives the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time, controls the actions of other controllers, and is also used for carrying out information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the bidirectional rectifying unit controller receives a bidirectional rectifying control instruction sent by the control center edge server, and then sends the instruction to the bidirectional AC/DC module to control the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module;
the switching controller receives a switching instruction of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, establishes power generation channels of different units and the DC/DC module, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the state network charging unit controller collects electric quantity information and power demand information of the electric automobile BMS, sends the electric quantity information and the power demand information of the electric automobile BMS to the charging pile unit controller, receives a charging and discharging control instruction sent by the charging pile unit controller, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the photovoltaic power generation unit controller collects voltage and current information of the photovoltaic array unit, on one hand, the voltage and current information is uploaded to the control center edge server, on the other hand, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction sent by the control center edge server is received, and the instruction is sent to the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the MPPT function is realized;
the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is communicated with the state network charging unit charging pile, receives a charging pile demand instruction, controls the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, is also used for receiving a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction, and controls the switching controller to establish a power generation channel between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module and a power generation channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the photovoltaic power generation control instruction and the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. because the invention adopts the CAN bus technology of one of the field buses, only one pair of twisted-pair wires are needed to be connected among the controllers through the network topology structure, the installation is very convenient, for the control system of the electric vehicle charging station with different capacity grades, only a plurality of photovoltaic power generation controllers, two-way charging pile unit controllers, switching controllers and national network charging unit controllers need to be expanded under the CAN bus of the charging station grade, and the hardware and software of the main controller do not need to be changed. The charging station control system is more flexible and convenient to install;
2. the invention has a distributed CAN bus network structure, and the design is more reasonable; multi-path CAN bus communication with higher safety performance; the high-performance processor cooperative work architecture of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller has the advantages of high-speed signal processing capability and real-time response advancement; the special insulation detection module and the target gun insertion detection circuit of the state network charging unit ensure the safety and stability of the electric automobile during charging; except the bidirectional rectifying unit controller, other control equipment can be expanded according to the charging requirement of the electric automobile of the charging station without changing main control software and hardware; the switching controller is separated from the system, and different power generation channels are established by switching according to the running state of the system, so that the whole charging station system is more flexible and efficient; visualizing system data through a scheduling layer cloud platform by adopting a TCP/IP network protocol; the remote monitoring and diagnosis is advanced. The fact proves that the whole charging station control system works reliably, the installation, monitoring, operation and maintenance of workers are simple and convenient, and a good control effect is achieved.
3. The distributed charging station network control system is designed to realize serial data communication between a station control layer and an equipment layer and between unit controller ladders of the equipment layer by a reliable multi-path CAN serial bus technology; each module in the network control system is reasonably configured by a simple modular design, so that the network structure is optimized, and the function expansion capability is enhanced; the bidirectional charging pile unit controller adopts a novel and efficient control system structure embedded microprocessor (including DSP) and Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) cooperative work framework, so that the system has high performance, high speed and reliability, and the miniaturization design of the control system is realized; the national network charging unit controller is externally connected with an insulation detection module through an RS485 bus, so that the safety during charging is ensured; the human-computer interaction function: each unit controller of the equipment layer can be connected with the touch screen through an RS485/LVDS bus, so that the man-machine conversation function is enhanced; the control center edge server is communicated through a TCP/IP protocol, and the running state of the system is remotely monitored by using an internet cloud platform. The invention has reliable and stable running condition.
Figure illustrates the drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture based on a multi-layer network according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a control architecture diagram of a network charging unit of an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture based on a multi-layer network according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a control architecture of a bidirectional charging stack unit of an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture based on a multi-layer network according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is an architecture diagram of a switching controller of a control architecture of an intelligent optical storage charging station based on a multi-layer network according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a control architecture diagram of a photovoltaic power generation unit of a light storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture based on a multi-layer network according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a control architecture diagram of a bidirectional rectifier cabinet of an optical storage charging intelligent charging station control architecture based on a multi-layer network according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The overall architecture of one embodiment of the optical storage and charging intelligent charging station control architecture based on the multi-layer network is shown in fig. 1, and the system comprises a cloud platform (an electric vehicle networking cloud platform, a charging station cluster management and control cloud platform, a distribution network scheduling and control cloud platform) positioned on a scheduling layer, a plurality of charging station control center edge servers positioned on the station control layer, unit controllers (an energy storage BMS controller, a bidirectional rectifying unit controller, a photovoltaic power generation unit controller, a bidirectional charging pile unit controller and a switching controller) positioned on an equipment layer, a national network charging unit, a plurality of AC/DC and DC/DC modules. The state network charging unit comprises a state network charging unit charging pile and a state network charging unit controller. The charging pile of the state network charging unit is generally placed outside the charging station, the controller of the state network charging unit is generally placed in the charging station, the charging pile of the state network charging unit and the charging pile of the state network charging unit are communicated through the CAN bus, and the controller of the state network charging unit controls the charging of the electric automobile and the charging pile of the state network charging unit through the CAN bus. Except the dispatching layer cloud platform, other parts form a distributed control system through a CAN bus; the charging station level CAN bus is used as a backbone network for communication between a station control layer and each unit controller of an equipment layer and between the station control layer and each unit controller of the equipment layer, is upwards connected with a station control layer control center edge server and is downwards communicated with each unit controller of the equipment layer; and the equipment layer rectification CAN bus, the charging pile CAN bus and the machine pile CAN bus are used as a secondary communication network to communicate with each controller of the equipment layer and corresponding power electronic charging equipment. The bidirectional charging pile unit controller, the bidirectional rectifying unit controller, the photovoltaic power generation unit controller, the national grid charging unit controller and the switching controller are connected with the touch screen through a parallel 8080 monochromatic screen LVDS interface or an isolated RS485 interface to realize man-machine interaction.
When an electric vehicle is charged in the charging station, the charging station control center edge server receives data information of each control unit through a charging station level CAN bus, calculates a response scheme through a charging and discharging cluster control algorithm built in the control center, and issues a bidirectional rectification control command, a photovoltaic power generation control command and an energy storage charging and discharging control command in time, and the CAN bus network structure is optimized by adopting the design scheme, so that the communication rate and the data accuracy are improved, the modularization of a charging station control system is realized, and the whole system is concise and clear.
The functions of all modules in the system are as follows:
the vehicle network cloud platform and the distribution network scheduling management cloud platform are used for connecting each charging station with a vehicle network and a distribution network management center to realize vehicle network interaction and station interaction, and the charging station cluster management and control cloud platform is used for carrying out remote visual display on all data of the charging stations;
the charging station control center edge server is used for receiving the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time and controls the actions of other controllers, and is also used for carrying out information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol; specifically, the charging station control center edge server is used for providing computing power, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, tide autonomous optimization and adjustment under vehicle-network multi-constraint conditions, and a charging and discharging system cluster control algorithm aiming at power grid stable operation, upwards communicates with a dispatching layer cloud platform through a TCP/IP protocol to realize visualization of all data of the charging station, and downwards issues a bidirectional rectification control instruction, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction through a charging station level CAN bus.
The energy storage BMS controller is used for acquiring charge and discharge power information and charge state information of the storage battery and sending the charge and discharge power information and the charge state information of the energy storage BMS controller unit to the charging station control center edge server, and is also used for receiving an energy storage charge and discharge control instruction sent by the charging station control center edge server, adjusting the charge and discharge power and the charge and discharge state of the energy storage BMS controller unit in real time and dynamically participating in an energy scheduling process of charging an electric vehicle of the charging station;
the bidirectional rectifying unit controller is used for receiving a bidirectional rectifying control command sent by the control center edge server, sending the command to the bidirectional AC/DC module and controlling the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module;
the switching controller is used for receiving switching instructions of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, establishing power generation channels of different units and the DC/DC module, and realizing man-machine interaction by connecting with the touch screen;
the state network charging unit controller collects electric quantity information and power demand information of the electric automobile BMS, sends the electric quantity information and the power demand information of the electric automobile BMS to the charging pile unit controller, receives a charging and discharging control instruction sent by the charging pile unit controller, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the photovoltaic power generation unit controller is used for acquiring voltage and current information of the photovoltaic array unit, uploading the voltage and current information to the control center edge server on one hand, receiving a photovoltaic power generation control command sent by the control center edge server on the other hand, and sending the command to the bidirectional DC/DC module to realize the MPPT function;
the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is used for communicating with a charging pile of a state network charging unit, receiving a charging pile demand instruction, simultaneously controlling the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, and also used for receiving a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction, and controlling the switching controller to establish a power generation channel between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module and a power generation channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the photovoltaic power generation control instruction and the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction.
The control architecture of the national grid charging unit is shown in fig. 2, the charging pile of the national grid charging unit is used as an outdoor pile body which is directly in interactive communication with an electric automobile, the charging pile generally has abundant communication interfaces and functional modules as far as possible besides meeting the technical requirements of software and hardware of the charging control unit in a file of 'national grid electric automobile direct current charging equipment standardized design scheme', and the controller of the national grid charging unit can adopt an AM3354 series processor of TI company and is connected with corresponding input and output components through software and hardware interfaces to complete the functions of man-machine display, metering charging, payment, data encryption and decryption, charging equipment start and stop control, communication with a car networking cloud platform and the like; as shown in figure 2, the controller provides a national standard gun insertion detection circuit by using a DI interface, is connected with an insulation detection module by using an RS485 BUS to detect the insulation of a vehicle, detects the gun temperature of a charging gun by using AD sampling, and is connected with electric vehicle charging equipment by using a CAN-BUS BUS to realize national standard charging link communication, thereby ensuring the accuracy and the safety of the charging process of the electric vehicle, the controller has the function of serial port communication, 3-4 paths of UARTs in the controller are used for realizing RS232 and RS485 communication, one path of RS485 is connected with an electric energy meter to realize the charging function, the controller unit CAN charge by using the electric energy meter and CAN also adopt an IC card to carry out card swiping fee, at the moment, the controller unit CAN be connected with the IC card by using one path of RS232 interface, in order to realize the visual operation of the whole charging process, the touch screen of LVDS/RS485 interface communication is added to the controller unit, 10 network charging control units of the invention are in a group and are communicated, the charging quantity of the electric vehicles of the charging station can be further expanded, the charging station has the characteristics of flexibility and convenience, and the strong function of the state network charging unit controller can meet the requirements of a common optical storage charging station.
The bidirectional charging pile unit control architecture is shown in fig. 3, the charging equipment adopts a structure with separated pile machines, the national grid charging unit charging pile is placed outdoors, and the bidirectional charging pile unit is arranged indoors as a charger; the bidirectional charging pile unit controller adopts a novel and efficient control system structure embedded microprocessor (including DSP) and Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) cooperative work framework, so that the system has high performance, high speed and reliability, and the miniaturization design of the control system is realized; the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is a charging pile as a core component, a 3-way CAN network is arranged in the bidirectional charging pile unit controller and is responsible for communicating with a national network charging unit charging pile through a machine pile CAN bus to receive a charging pile demand instruction, meanwhile, the switching controller is controlled to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, the bidirectional DC/DC module is controlled to charge and discharge through the charging pile CAN bus, and is responsible for receiving photovoltaic power generation control instructions through the charging station level CAN bus, and the power generation channel of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module is established by the pile CAN bus control switching controller, and is responsible for receiving the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction by the charging station level CAN bus, and the power pile CAN bus controls the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module, the bidirectional DC/DC module is controlled to charge and discharge through a charging pile CAN bus; the charging pile unit controller is designed to detect total voltage and current signals input at the front end of a bidirectional DC/DC module through one RS485 bus, is connected with a touch screen through one RS485 bus or 24 LVDS interface to realize a man-machine interaction function, detects the temperature of a cabinet body through AD sampling (Pt sampling resistor voltage division sampling), drives a fan to control the temperature of the cabinet body through one PWM signal, and ensures that the temperature of the charging cabinet is always within a set temperature range in the charging process of the electric automobile.
The switching unit control structure is shown in fig. 4, the switching unit is used as a core unit for realizing control instructions, and because the switching array and the I/O port are more, the switching controller unit is separated from the system and is controlled independently. The switching controller firstly receives a switching instruction of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller from the pile CAN bus, then outputs digital quantity DO to control the relay, and then controls the contactor to realize the switching function, and the switching unit controller CAN also communicate with the touch screen through an RS485 bus or an LVDS interface to carry out human-computer interaction.
The control architecture of the photovoltaic power generation unit is shown in fig. 5, two CAN buses are arranged in the controller of the photovoltaic power generation unit, wherein the CAN1 bus is communicated with the charging station level CAN bus to upload the running state information and the data information and receive the power generation instruction sent by the edge server, under the normal condition of the system, the photovoltaic unit controller collects voltage and current signals of the photovoltaic power generation unit through AD sampling, under the condition of a built-in MPPT algorithm (a conductance incremental method, a disturbance observation method and the like CAN be adopted), the photovoltaic unit always operates at the maximum power point by outputting a control instruction to a DC/DC module through a CAN2 bus, the photovoltaic output in the system is maximum, a photovoltaic power generation unit controller is externally connected with a relay drive circuit and a direct current contactor, the total output of the photovoltaic power generation unit is controlled to be cut off through two DO signals, and the utilization rate of new energy under the proportional permeability can be effectively improved by adopting the control strategy.
The control architecture of the bidirectional rectifying unit is shown in fig. 6, the bidirectional rectifying unit controller is designed with 2 paths of CAN buses, the bidirectional rectification control command sent by the edge server is received through the charging station level CAN bus CAN1, and then is sent to the bidirectional AC/DC module through the rectification CAN bus CAN2 to control the working mode, meanwhile, the bidirectional rectifying unit controller can acquire alternating current side voltage and current signals and direct current side voltage and current signals through the 2-path isolation type RS485 bus, AD sampling is carried out through an analog input interface to detect the temperature of the cabinet body (Pt sampling resistor voltage division sampling), PWM signals are generated through one GPIO port to drive a fan to control the temperature of the cabinet body, the temperature of the rectifier cabinet is ensured to be always stabilized at the upper limit and the lower limit in the whole working process, and the switching-off control of the AC side power grid is controlled through one digital quantity interface, so that the switching of the off-grid and grid-connected working modes of the optical storage charging station control system is realized.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a control method of the intelligent optical storage and charging station based on the multilayer network, which is carried out by adopting the control architecture, and the method comprises the following steps: when an electric vehicle is charged in the charging station, the charging station control center edge server receives data information of each control unit through the CAN bus, calculates a response scheme through a charging and discharging cluster control algorithm built in the control center, and issues a bidirectional rectification control instruction, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction in time; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
the charging station control center edge server receives the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time, controls the actions of other controllers, and further performs information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the charging station control center edge server receives the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time, controls the actions of other controllers, and is also used for carrying out information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the bidirectional rectifying unit controller receives a bidirectional rectifying control instruction sent by the control center edge server, and then sends the instruction to the bidirectional AC/DC module to control the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module;
the switching controller receives a switching instruction of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, establishes power generation channels of different units and the DC/DC module, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the state network charging unit controller collects electric quantity information and power demand information of the electric automobile BMS, sends the electric quantity information and the power demand information of the electric automobile BMS to the charging pile unit controller, receives a charging and discharging control instruction sent by the charging pile unit controller, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the photovoltaic power generation unit controller collects voltage and current information of the photovoltaic array unit, on one hand, the voltage and current information is uploaded to the control center edge server, on the other hand, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction sent by the control center edge server is received, and the instruction is sent to the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the MPPT function is realized;
the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is communicated with the state network charging unit charging pile, receives a charging pile demand instruction, controls the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, is also used for receiving a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction, and controls the switching controller to establish a power generation channel between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module and a power generation channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the photovoltaic power generation control instruction and the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a light stores up and fills wisdom charging station control framework based on multilayer network, top-down is including the electric automobile car networking cloud platform that is located the dispatch layer, charging station cluster management and control cloud platform, join in marriage net dispatch management and control cloud platform, be located a plurality of charging station control center edge server on station control layer, be located the energy storage BMS controller on equipment layer, two-way rectifier unit controller, photovoltaic power generation unit controller, two-way heap unit controller that charges, the switching controller, national grid charging unit, a plurality of AC/DC and DC/DC module, national grid charging unit includes intercommunication connection's national grid charging unit and fills electric pile and national grid charging unit controller, its characterized in that: the device layer rectification CAN bus, the charging pile CAN bus and the machine pile CAN bus are used as secondary communication networks to be communicated with each controller of the device layer and corresponding power electronic charging equipment; when having electric automobile to charge in the charging station, charging station control center edge server passes through CAN bus receipt each the control unit's data message, calculates the response scheme through the built-in charge-discharge cluster control algorithm of control center to in time issue two-way rectification control instruction, photovoltaic power generation control instruction, energy storage charge-discharge control instruction, wherein:
the vehicle network cloud platform and the distribution network scheduling management cloud platform are used for connecting each charging station with a vehicle network and a distribution network management center to realize vehicle network interaction and station interaction, and the charging station cluster management and control cloud platform is used for carrying out remote visual display on all data of the charging stations;
the charging station control center edge server is used for receiving the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time and controls the actions of other controllers, and is also used for carrying out information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the energy storage BMS controller is used for acquiring charge and discharge power information and charge state information of the storage battery and sending the charge and discharge power information and the charge state information of the energy storage BMS controller unit to the charging station control center edge server, and is also used for receiving an energy storage charge and discharge control instruction sent by the charging station control center edge server, adjusting the charge and discharge power and the charge and discharge state of the energy storage BMS controller unit in real time and dynamically participating in an energy scheduling process of charging an electric vehicle of the charging station;
the bidirectional rectifying unit controller is used for receiving a bidirectional rectifying control command sent by the control center edge server, sending the command to the bidirectional AC/DC module and controlling the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module;
the switching controller is used for receiving switching instructions of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, establishing power generation channels of different units and the DC/DC module, and realizing man-machine interaction by connecting with the touch screen;
the state network charging unit controller collects electric quantity information and power demand information of the electric automobile BMS, sends the electric quantity information and the power demand information of the electric automobile BMS to the charging pile unit controller, receives a charging and discharging control instruction sent by the charging pile unit controller, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the photovoltaic power generation unit controller is used for acquiring voltage and current information of the photovoltaic array unit, uploading the voltage and current information to the control center edge server on one hand, receiving a photovoltaic power generation control command sent by the control center edge server on the other hand, and sending the command to the bidirectional DC/DC module to realize the MPPT function;
the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is used for communicating with a charging pile of a state network charging unit, receiving a charging pile demand instruction, simultaneously controlling the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, and also used for receiving a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction, and controlling the switching controller to establish a power generation channel between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module and a power generation channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the photovoltaic power generation control instruction and the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction.
2. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the charging station control center edge server is used for providing calculation power and is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, tide autonomous optimization and adjustment under vehicle-network multi-constraint conditions and a charging and discharging system cluster control algorithm aiming at power grid stable operation.
3. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is internally provided with 3 paths of CAN networks, one path of CAN networks is communicated with an outdoor national network charging unit through a machine pile CAN bus, the other path of CAN networks is responsible for controlling all bidirectional DC/DC modules inside the bidirectional charging pile through the charging pile CAN bus, and the other path of CAN networks is communicated with a control center edge server through a charging station level CAN bus, so that the functions of uploading real-time data of charging station equipment and receiving instructions sent by the edge server are realized.
4. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional charging pile unit controller adopts a framework that a digital signal processor DSP and a complex programmable logic device CPLD work cooperatively, the digital signal processor DSP is mainly used for completing real-time processing, operation and response of acquired data and communication with other microprocessors in a control system, the complex programmable logic device CPLD realizes software of hardware and enhances the capability of the digital signal processor for accessing peripheral equipment, the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is connected with an ammeter through an isolation type RS485 interface, total voltage and current signals input at the front end of a bidirectional DC/DC module are detected, AD sampling is carried out through an analog input interface, the cabinet body temperature of a control cabinet is detected, and one GPIO port of the charging pile controller can generate PWM signals to drive the temperature of a fan control cabinet.
5. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the national network charging unit controller adopts an AM3354 series processor based on TI company, is connected with corresponding input and output components through software and hardware interfaces, completes the functions of man-machine display, metering charging, payment, data encryption and decryption, charging equipment start and stop control, communication with a car networking platform and the like, is internally provided with 2 paths of CAN buses, receives a bidirectional charging pile unit controller instruction through a mechanical pile CAN BUS, and is connected with an electric car BMS unit through the CAN-BUS BUS to realize national standard link communication.
6. The intelligent charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network optical storage and charging as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the national network charging unit controller charges through the connection of an RS485 bus and an electric energy meter, realizes card swiping payment through the connection of an RS232 bus and an IC card, detects the gun temperature (Pt sampling resistor voltage division sampling) of a charging gun through AD sampling, is connected with a national standard gun insertion detection circuit through a digital quantity IO interface with optical coupling isolation, detects the insertion state and the cable capacity of the charging gun, is connected with an insulation detection module through an isolation type RS485 bus to detect the insulation property of a vehicle, 10 electric vehicles are charged for one group by every 10 national network charging unit controllers with the characteristics, and the charging station charging unit controller can be expanded according to the number of the electric vehicles of a charging station.
7. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the photovoltaic power generation unit controller is internally provided with 2 paths of CAN buses, one path of CAN buses receives a power generation instruction issued by a control center edge server through a charging station level CAN bus, AD sampling is carried out through two paths of analog quantity input interfaces, voltage and current signals of the photovoltaic power generation unit are collected, the control instruction is output through a charging pile CAN bus after calculation of a built-in MPPT algorithm, a DC/DC module is enabled to run at the maximum power, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation unit controller CAN control the total output cut-off of the photovoltaic power generation unit through two paths of digital quantity output interfaces.
8. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional rectifying unit controller is provided with 2 paths of CAN buses, one path of the bidirectional rectifying unit controller receives a bidirectional rectifying control command sent by a control center edge server through a charging station level CAN bus, the other path of the bidirectional rectifying unit controller sends the command to a bidirectional AC/DC module through the rectifying CAN bus to control the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module, the bidirectional rectifying unit controller collects alternating current side voltage and current signals and direct current side voltage and current signals through the 2 paths of isolation type RS485 buses, AD sampling is carried out through an analog input interface to detect the temperature of the cabinet body, PWM signals are generated through one path of GPIO (general purpose input/output) ports to drive a fan to control the temperature of the cabinet body, and the switching of an alternating current side power grid and a grid connection working mode of the optical storage charging station is.
9. The intelligent optical storage and charging station control architecture based on multi-layer network as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the switching controller receives a switching instruction of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller through a machine pile CAN bus, then outputs digital quantity DO, controls a relay, and finally establishes charging and discharging channels of the energy storage unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, the bidirectional rectifying unit and the electric automobile in different running states through the control contactor.
10. A control method for an optical storage and charging intelligent charging station based on a multi-layer network, which is performed by using the control architecture of any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: when an electric vehicle is charged in the charging station, the charging station control center edge server receives data information of each control unit through the CAN bus, calculates a response scheme through a charging and discharging cluster control algorithm built in the control center, and issues a bidirectional rectification control instruction, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction in time; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
the charging station control center edge server receives the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time, controls the actions of other controllers, and further performs information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the charging station control center edge server receives the running state information and the data information of each unit in real time, is responsible for data-driven vehicle-storage-network response control, sends instruction information to each equipment layer controller in real time, controls the actions of other controllers, and is also used for carrying out information interaction with the dispatching layer cloud platform through a network communication protocol;
the bidirectional rectifying unit controller receives a bidirectional rectifying control instruction sent by the control center edge server, and then sends the instruction to the bidirectional AC/DC module to control the working mode of the bidirectional AC/DC module;
the switching controller receives a switching instruction of the bidirectional charging pile unit controller, establishes power generation channels of different units and the DC/DC module, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the state network charging unit controller collects electric quantity information and power demand information of the electric automobile BMS, sends the electric quantity information and the power demand information of the electric automobile BMS to the charging pile unit controller, receives a charging and discharging control instruction sent by the charging pile unit controller, and is connected with the touch screen to realize man-machine interaction;
the photovoltaic power generation unit controller collects voltage and current information of the photovoltaic array unit, on one hand, the voltage and current information is uploaded to the control center edge server, on the other hand, a photovoltaic power generation control instruction sent by the control center edge server is received, and the instruction is sent to the bidirectional DC/DC module, so that the MPPT function is realized;
the bidirectional charging pile unit controller is communicated with the state network charging unit charging pile, receives a charging pile demand instruction, controls the switching controller to establish a charging and discharging channel between the charging pile and the bidirectional DC/DC module, is also used for receiving a photovoltaic power generation control instruction and an energy storage charging and discharging control instruction, and controls the switching controller to establish a power generation channel between the photovoltaic power generation unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module and a power generation channel between the energy storage unit and the bidirectional DC/DC module according to the photovoltaic power generation control instruction and the energy storage charging and discharging control instruction.
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