CN112815358B - Household biomass boiler and use method thereof - Google Patents
Household biomass boiler and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112815358B CN112815358B CN202110016521.6A CN202110016521A CN112815358B CN 112815358 B CN112815358 B CN 112815358B CN 202110016521 A CN202110016521 A CN 202110016521A CN 112815358 B CN112815358 B CN 112815358B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
- F24B1/183—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with additional provisions for heating water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
- F24B1/191—Component parts; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a household biomass boiler and a using method thereof, wherein the boiler comprises a boiler body, a hearth is arranged in the boiler body, the hearth is of a hourglass-shaped hearth structure with two large ends and a small middle part, a plurality of secondary air inlet holes and a primary air inlet hole are respectively formed in an upper cavity and a lower cavity of the hearth, a secondary air chamber and a primary air chamber are respectively formed in the secondary air inlet holes and the primary air inlet holes of the hearth by the boiler body, and the secondary air chamber and the primary air chamber are respectively communicated with the outside of the boiler body through a secondary air duct and a primary air duct; the upper part of the hearth is provided with a urea spraying system, the urea spraying system comprises a urea spraying pipe communicated with the upper part of the hearth, the other end of the urea spraying pipe is connected with a liquid storage tank through a urea water pump, the urea spraying system adopts a method of spraying urea solution with the mass concentration of 10% to the upper part of the hearth when the boiler burns, and the spraying method can effectively reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxide generated when the boiler burns, so that the concentration of nitrogen oxide meets the national standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass boilers, in particular to a household biomass boiler and a using method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the demand of various industries on energy sources is increasing day by day, and before that, fossil energy sources such as coal, petroleum and the like play an important role. With the excessive exploitation of people, these primary energy sources are becoming increasingly depleted, and the burning of fossil energy is accompanied by a variety of environmental problems. As a big agricultural country, china can generate a large amount of crop straws every year, and in the field of rural areas, a large amount of straws are directly combusted in each harvest season to generate rolling dense smoke, so that not only is energy waste caused, but also serious pollution to the environment is caused, and therefore, the rational utilization of biomass energy has important significance for economic transformation and environmental protection.
In vast rural areas of China, biomass energy is visible everywhere, and the prepared biomass particles become the best choice for replacing fossil energy such as coal and the like due to the advantages of convenient transportation, high combustion efficiency, low ash content, no sulfur element, small environmental pollution and the like. However, the nitrogen element content in the biomass is high, so the nitrogen oxide emission of the biomass boiler becomes a serious obstacle to the development of the biomass boiler. At present, the denitrification technology of large industrial biomass boilers represented by SNCR and SCR is mature, but small biomass boilers for rural household use are still relatively deficient in this respect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a household biomass boiler and a using method thereof to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a household biomass boiler comprises a boiler body, wherein a hearth is arranged in the boiler body, the hearth is of a hourglass-shaped hearth structure with two large ends and a small middle part, a plurality of secondary air inlet holes and primary air inlet holes are formed in the upper cavity and the lower cavity of the hearth respectively, a secondary air chamber and a primary air chamber are formed in the secondary air inlet holes and the primary air inlet holes of the hearth of the boiler body respectively, and the secondary air chamber and the primary air chamber are communicated outside the boiler body through a secondary air duct and a primary air duct respectively; the upper part of the hearth is provided with a urea spraying system, the urea spraying system comprises a urea spraying pipe communicated with the upper part of the hearth, and the other end of the urea spraying pipe is connected with a liquid storage tank through a urea water pump.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
during the combustion of the boiler, atomized urea solution with the mass fraction of 10% is uniformly sprayed into a secondary combustion area of a hearth, so that the urea solution is fully contacted with gaseous nitrogen-containing substances and pollutants mainly comprising nitric oxide and reacts with the gaseous nitrogen-containing substances and the pollutants to generate nitrogen which is harmless to the environment, and the aim of denitrification is fulfilled.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the hourglass-shaped hearth structure is adopted, more fuel is contained at the bottom of the hourglass-shaped hearth structure to generate more volatile matters and combustible gas, the area of the middle section is smaller, the flow velocity of the combustible gas is increased, the heat convection between the combusted high-temperature gas and the water jacket outside the hearth is enhanced, the volume of the upper part of the hourglass-shaped hearth structure is increased, sufficient space is reserved for the secondary combustion of the combustible gas, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the secondary air chamber reduces the local section at the position of the secondary air inlet, and the combustion area in the hearth is negative pressure, so that the air inlet speed of the secondary air inlet is accelerated, and gas turbulence is formed in the secondary combustion area. The structure further promotes the uniform distribution of the sprayed urea solution in the secondary combustion area of the hearth, and is more favorable for the full implementation of the decomposition and denitrification reaction of the urea.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the upper end of the furnace body is provided with a furnace platform; the stove is provided with an inverted cone-shaped pot frame which can be used as a stove top and can meet the daily cooking requirement.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
and the furnace body is filled with heat insulation materials so as to reduce the overall heat loss of the boiler.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the upper part of the hearth is communicated with a flue; the flue cross-section is 14cm's square, and vertical placement makes the stove form the chimney effect when burning, strengthens the air convection, promotes the discharge of burning flue gas, avoids waste gas to escape into indoor by the stove top.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the biomass particle fuel furnace is characterized in that the hearth is connected with a feeding port, a layer of refractory cement is coated on the inner wall of the hearth, and the feeding port is externally connected with an electric feeder, so that biomass particle fuel can continuously and stably enter the hearth through the feeding port to be combusted.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the top of the hearth is provided with the flame puller, so that flame concentration is facilitated, and heat loss is reduced.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the bottom of the hearth is provided with a grate, an ash chamber is arranged below the grate, strip-shaped ash holes are formed in the grate, ash generated in the combustion process can conveniently fall into the ash chamber, and the ash chamber is drawer-shaped and can be conveniently taken out for ash removal.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
a water jacket is sleeved on the outer side of the hearth, a water outlet pipe is arranged at the upper part of the water jacket, and a water return pipe is arranged at the lower part of the water jacket; the water jacket can fully absorb heat generated by combustion in the hearth, and the generated hot water flows into households through the water outlet pipe, so that the daily use requirements of heat supply and the households on the hot water can be met. After use, cold water flows back to the water jacket through the water return pipe to be heated again, and the circulation of the water system is achieved through the external water pump.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the top of the water jacket is provided with an exhaust pipe, so that gas can be discharged in time when the water jacket is heated, and the normal circulating operation of the system is prevented from being influenced; the bottom of the water jacket is provided with a drain pipe, so that the water in the water jacket can be conveniently drained when the water jacket is maintained; an overflow pipe is also arranged at the upper part of the water jacket.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
the fire extinguisher is made of heat storage refractory materials and can be disassembled. The flame can be raised to the range opening of the stove, and the requirement of daily cooking can be fully met. The heat storage material can reduce heat loss to the maximum extent and improve the utilization efficiency of the combustion heat of the boiler. After the fire pulling device is detached, a user can conveniently perform ash cleaning treatment and maintenance on the interior of the hearth.
A use method of the household biomass boiler based on the above comprises the following steps:
(1) 5kg of biomass rod-shaped formed fuel is continuously and stably supplied into the hearth (6) per hour by an electric feeder through the feeding port (5), and is ignited by an ignition rod pre-embedded in the fuel;
(2) Starting an air supply fan and a circulating water pump, sending air required by combustion into the hearth (6) through a secondary air duct (15) and a primary air duct (17), and ensuring smooth operation of a water system;
(3) Preparing a urea solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and pouring the urea solution into the urea liquid storage tank (23);
(4) After the biomass boiler is ignited for 10 minutes, after the fuel is stably combusted, the urea water pump (22) is started, and the atomized urea solution is stably sprayed to the secondary combustion area at the upper part of the biomass boiler through the urea spraying pipe (20);
(5) The urea spraying system runs intermittently, is started every 3 minutes, and the urea water pump (22) is closed until obvious white mist appears in the flue, and is started again after 3 minutes, and the operation is repeated until the boiler combustion is finished.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: through the urea spraying system, a feasible urea spraying strategy is used, namely, 10% of atomized urea solution in mass fraction is uniformly sprayed into a secondary combustion area of a hearth in the combustion process of a boiler, so that the urea solution is fully contacted with gaseous nitrogen-containing substances and pollutants mainly containing nitric oxide and reacts with the gaseous nitrogen-containing substances to generate nitrogen harmless to the environment, and the aim of denitrification is fulfilled. The hourglass-shaped hearth structure is adopted, more fuel is contained at the bottom of the hourglass-shaped hearth structure to generate more volatile matters and combustible gas, the area of the middle section is smaller, the flow velocity of the combustible gas is increased, the heat convection between the combusted high-temperature gas and the water jacket outside the hearth is enhanced, the volume of the upper part of the hourglass-shaped hearth structure is increased, sufficient space is reserved for the secondary combustion of the combustible gas, and the combustion efficiency is improved. The secondary air chamber reduces the local section at the position of the secondary air inlet, and the combustion area in the hearth is negative pressure, so that the air inlet speed of the secondary air inlet is accelerated, and gas turbulence is formed in the secondary combustion area. This structure has further promoted the evenly distributed of urea solution that sprays in furnace postcombustion district, more helps the decomposition of urea and the abundant of denitrogenation reaction to go on, further improves denitrogenation efficiency, can also make combustible gas and air intensive mixing for postcombustion is more abundant, strengthens the heat exchange efficiency with the water jacket. The fire extinguisher made of the heat storage refractory material can centralize flame to meet the requirement of daily cooking and reduce the heat loss of the flame. The invention has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, cleanness, high efficiency, compact and simple structure, easy maintenance and cleaning, safe and simple operation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a right sectional view of a domestic biomass boiler according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a domestic biomass boiler according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a urea spraying system of a household biomass boiler disclosed in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a grate of a domestic biomass boiler according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a graph of oxygen concentration versus converted concentration of nitrogen oxides versus time.
Reference numerals: 1-furnace platform; 2-furnace body; 3-pulling the fire device; 4-secondary air inlet holes; 5-a feeding port; 6-hearth; 7-water jacket; 8-primary air inlet holes; 9-a grate; 10-ash chamber; 11-water jacket exhaust pipe; 12-a flue; 13-an overflow pipe; 14-a secondary air chamber; 15-secondary air duct; 16-a primary air chamber; 17-a primary air duct; 18-a water outlet pipe; 19-a drain pipe; 20-a urea nozzle; 21-a water return pipe; 22-urea water pump; 23-liquid storage tank.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention aims to design an hourglass-shaped hearth structure aiming at the defects of the existing rural small-sized household biomass boiler, and on the basis of the structure, the hourglass-shaped hearth structure reacts with gaseous nitrogen-containing substances and pollutants mainly containing nitric oxide at high temperature through a specific and effective urea spraying strategy to realize the denitrification function. The combustion efficiency is increased, the air flow organization is improved, and simultaneously, the emission of nitrogen oxides is more favorably reduced, so that the nitrogen oxides meet the national standard requirements, and the clean use of the rural biomass boiler is realized.
Referring to fig. 1-4, one embodiment provided by the present invention: a household biomass boiler comprises a boiler body, wherein a hearth 6 is arranged in the boiler body 2, and the hearth 6 is of a hourglass-shaped hearth structure with two large ends and a small middle part; the volume of the lower part of the hearth 6 is large, more biomass fuels can be accommodated, the temperature of the boiler can be increased, the biomass fuels can be fully combusted at one time, and more volatile components and combustible gas can be generated. The cross-sectional area of the middle part of the hearth 6 is reduced, and the flow velocity of combustible gas in the hearth 6 is increased, so that high-temperature gas in the furnace is in full contact with the water jacket 7 for heat exchange, and the convection heat exchange efficiency is improved; the sectional area of the upper part of the burner is larger, and the burner can provide sufficient space for combustible gas to carry out secondary combustion.
In this embodiment, the upper and lower cavities of the furnace 6 are respectively provided with a plurality of secondary air inlet holes 4 and primary air inlet holes 8, the furnace body 2 is respectively provided with a secondary air chamber 14 and a primary air chamber 16 at the secondary air inlet holes 4 and the primary air inlet holes 8 of the furnace 6, and the secondary air chamber 14 and the primary air chamber 16 are respectively communicated with the outside of the furnace body 2 through a secondary air duct 15 and a primary air duct 14. Air required by combustion is introduced into the primary air chamber 16 and the secondary air chamber 14 through the primary air duct 17 and the secondary air duct 15, the local cross-sectional areas of the two air inlets are relatively reduced, the air inlet speed is increased on the premise of keeping the air volume, the air can be rapidly mixed with combustible gas, the combustible gas can be sufficiently combusted, and the heat efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the upper portion of the furnace 6 (i.e. the secondary combustion area corresponding to the secondary air inlet 4) is provided with a urea spraying system, the urea spraying system comprises a urea spraying pipe 20 communicated with the upper portion of the furnace 6, and the other end of the urea spraying pipe 20 is connected with a liquid storage tank 23 through a urea water pump 22. The urea solution with the mass fraction of 10% is stored in a liquid storage tank 23, is powered by a urea water pump 22, and is sprayed into the hearth 6 through a urea spray pipe 20 after the biomass boiler is ignited. A high-temperature-resistant material nozzle is arranged at the interface of the inner wall of the hearth 6, so that urea solution with the mass fraction of 10% is sprayed to a secondary combustion area of the hearth in a fan shape, and is fully mixed with gaseous nitrogen-containing substances and pollutants mainly comprising nitric oxide and reacts to generate harmless nitrogen, thereby achieving the aim of denitrification.
On the basis of a hearth structure, the actual combustion test of the invention shows that when a specific and effective urea spraying strategy is adopted, and a mist urea solution with the mass fraction of 10% is uniformly sprayed into a secondary combustion area of a hearth in the combustion process of a boiler, the oxygen concentration and the converted concentration of nitrogen oxide in a flue 12 refer to figure 5, and the converted concentration of nitrogen oxide can be calculated according to the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants of the boiler GB13217-2014 as follows:
in the formula: rho is the emission concentration of the standard oxygen content of the atmospheric pollutants, mg/m < 3 >; rho' is actually measured pollutant emission concentration, mg.m -3 ；
Oxygen content,%, on a basis; />
Measured oxygen content,%. The reference oxygen content was found to be 9% according to the specification. The actual measurement calculation results in data reference table 1. The actually measured concentration of the nitrogen oxide in the flue is gradually increased after the boiler is ignited, and the actually measured oxygen content is gradually reduced. The combustion can be basically stabilized after the boiler is combusted for 10min, at the moment, urea solution with the mass fraction of 10% is sprayed in a secondary combustion area, and the actually measured concentration of nitrogen oxide is seen to be 104 mg.m -3 Reduced to 87 mg.m -3 Since the oxygen content in the flue gas further decreases as the combustion progresses, the converted concentration of nitrogen oxides at this time is 175.77mg · m -3 Reduced to 112.26mg m -3 . Then, the urea solution is sprayed according to the urea spraying strategy of the invention, because the hearth structure improves the airflow structure of the secondary combustion area, the sprayed mist urea solution can be fully mixed and contacted with pollutants such as nitric oxide and the like, the denitrification efficiency is improved, the emission concentration of the nitric oxide can be reduced to the minimum by the urea solution with the mass fraction of 10%, incomplete reaction can be avoided, and new nitric oxide can not be generated due to excessive urea. The concentration value of nitrogen oxide is basically 100 mg.m -3 The oxygen content is basically below 10% in the stage of full combustion of the fuel, which proves that the combustion condition in the furnace is relatively goodThe spraying strategy of (2) does not cause adverse effects on normal combustion. Finally, the average concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the whole process of the comprehensive analysis experiment is 121.23 mg.m -3 The spraying strategy is proved to be capable of effectively reducing the emission concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, so that the emission concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas meets 150 mg.m. required by the emission Standard of atmospheric pollutants for boilers GB13217-2014 -3 。
TABLE 1 data reference table calculated from actual measurements
In the embodiment, the upper end of the furnace body 2 is provided with a furnace platform 1; the stove 1 is provided with an inverted cone-shaped pot frame which can be used as a stove to meet the daily cooking requirement; the furnace body 2 is filled with heat insulation materials to reduce the overall heat loss of the boiler; the upper part of the hearth 6 is communicated with a flue 12; the cross section of the flue 12 is a square of 14cm × 14cm, and the vertical placement enables the stove to form a chimney effect during combustion, enhances air convection, promotes the discharge of combustion flue gas, and avoids the escape of waste gas into the room from the stove table 1.
In this embodiment, the hearth 6 is connected with the feeding port 5, a layer of refractory cement is coated on the inner wall of the hearth 6, and the feeding port 5 is externally connected with the electric feeder, so that biomass granular fuel can continuously and stably enter the hearth 6 through the feeding port 5 to be combusted; the top of the hearth 6 is provided with the fire extinguisher 3, which is beneficial to flame concentration and reduces heat loss.
In this embodiment, a fire grate 9 is arranged at the bottom of the hearth 6, an ash chamber 10 is arranged below the fire grate 9, a strip-shaped ash hole is formed in the fire grate 9, ash generated in the combustion process can conveniently fall into the ash chamber 10, and the ash chamber 10 is drawer-shaped and can be conveniently taken out for ash removal.
In this embodiment, a water jacket 7 is sleeved outside the hearth 6, a water outlet pipe 18 is arranged at the upper part of the water jacket 7, and a water return pipe 21 is arranged at the lower part of the water jacket 7; the water jacket 7 can fully absorb heat generated by combustion in the hearth 6, and the generated hot water flows into households through the water outlet pipe 18, so that the daily use demands of the households on the hot water can be met. After use, cold water flows back to the water jacket through the water return pipe 21 to be heated again, and the circulation of the water system is achieved through the external water pump.
In the embodiment, the top of the water jacket 7 is provided with an exhaust pipe 11, so that gas can be exhausted in time when the water jacket is heated, and the influence on the normal circulating operation of the system is prevented; the bottom of the water jacket 7 is provided with a drain pipe 19, so that the water in the water jacket can be conveniently drained when the water jacket 7 is maintained; an overflow pipe 13 is arranged at the upper part of the water jacket 7.
In the present embodiment, the igniter 3 is made of a heat-accumulating refractory material and is detachable. The flame can be raised to the stove mouth of the stove top 1 in a centralized way, and the requirement of daily cooking is fully met. The heat storage material can reduce heat loss to the maximum extent and improve the utilization efficiency of the combustion heat of the boiler. The user can conveniently clean the ash and maintain the inside of the hearth 6 after the fire extinguisher 3 is detached.
A use method of the household biomass boiler based on the above comprises the following steps:
(1) 5kg of biomass rod-shaped formed fuel is continuously and stably supplied into the hearth (6) per hour by an electric feeder through the feeding port (5), and is ignited by an ignition rod pre-embedded in the fuel;
(2) Starting an air supply fan and a circulating water pump, sending air required by combustion into the hearth (6) through a secondary air duct (15) and a primary air duct (17), and ensuring smooth operation of a water system;
(3) Preparing a urea solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and pouring the urea solution into the urea liquid storage tank (23);
(4) After the biomass boiler is ignited for 10 minutes, starting the urea water pump (22) when the fuel is stably combusted, and stably spraying a vaporous urea solution to an upper secondary combustion area of the biomass boiler through the urea spraying pipe (20);
(5) The urea spraying system runs intermittently, is started every 3 minutes, and the urea water pump (22) is closed until obvious white mist appears in the flue, and is started again after 3 minutes, and the operation is repeated until the boiler combustion is finished.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A domestic biomass boiler which is characterized in that: the furnace comprises a furnace body (2), wherein a furnace chamber (6) is arranged in the furnace body (2), the furnace chamber (6) is of a hourglass-shaped furnace chamber structure with two large ends and a small middle part, a plurality of secondary air inlet holes (4) are formed in the upper chamber of the furnace chamber (6), a plurality of primary air inlet holes (8) are formed in the lower chamber of the furnace chamber (6), a secondary air chamber (14) and a primary air chamber (16) are respectively formed in the secondary air inlet holes (4) and the primary air inlet holes (8) of the furnace chamber (6) of the furnace body (2), and the secondary air chamber (14) and the primary air chamber (16) are respectively communicated with the outside of the furnace body (2) through a secondary air duct (15) and a primary air duct (17); the upper part of the hearth (6) is a secondary combustion area corresponding to the secondary air inlet (4), the upper part of the hearth (6) is provided with a urea spraying system, the urea spraying system comprises a urea spraying pipe (20) communicated with the upper part of the hearth (6), and the other end of the urea spraying pipe (20) is connected with a liquid storage tank (23) through a urea water pump (22); the upper end of the furnace body (2) is provided with a furnace platform (1); an inverted cone-shaped pot frame is arranged on the hearth (1) and can be used as a cooking bench; the furnace body (2) is filled with heat insulation materials; the upper part of the hearth (6) is communicated with a flue (12); the hearth (6) is connected with a feeding port (5), and a layer of refractory cement is coated on the inner wall of the hearth (6); the top of the hearth (6) is provided with a fire extinguisher (3); a fire grate (9) is arranged at the bottom of the hearth (6), an ash chamber (10) is arranged below the fire grate (9), and strip-shaped ash holes are formed in the fire grate (9); a water jacket (7) is sleeved on the outer side of the hearth (6), a water outlet pipe (18) is arranged at the upper part of the water jacket (7), and a water return pipe (21) is arranged at the lower part of the water jacket (7); an exhaust pipe (11) is arranged at the top of the water jacket (7); a drain pipe (19) is arranged at the bottom of the water jacket (7); an overflow pipe (13) is also arranged at the upper part of the water jacket (7); the fire extinguisher (3) is made of heat storage refractory materials.
2. Use of a domestic biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) 5kg of biomass rod-shaped formed fuel is continuously and stably supplied into the hearth (6) through the feeding port (5) by an electric feeder every hour, and is ignited by an ignition rod pre-embedded in the fuel;
(2) Starting an air supply fan and a circulating water pump, sending air required by combustion into the hearth (6) through a secondary air duct (15) and a primary air duct (17), and ensuring smooth operation of a water system;
(3) Preparing a urea solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and pouring the urea solution into the urea liquid storage tank (23);
(4) After the biomass boiler is ignited for 10 minutes, after the fuel is stably combusted, the urea water pump (22) is started, and the atomized urea solution is stably sprayed to the secondary combustion area at the upper part of the biomass boiler through the urea spraying pipe (20);
(5) The urea spraying system runs intermittently, is started every 3 minutes, and is closed until obvious white mist appears in the flue, and the urea spraying system is started again after 3 minutes until the boiler is burnt.
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