CN112813477A - Method and equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation - Google Patents

Method and equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112813477A
CN112813477A CN202011551757.1A CN202011551757A CN112813477A CN 112813477 A CN112813477 A CN 112813477A CN 202011551757 A CN202011551757 A CN 202011551757A CN 112813477 A CN112813477 A CN 112813477A
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conductive metal
chemical oxidation
thermoelectric chemical
thermoelectric
metal
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李昊旻
雷厉
李乃堂
高宇飞
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Siberian Motor Technology Suzhou Co ltd
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Siberian Motor Technology Suzhou Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/140876 priority patent/WO2022134154A1/en
Publication of CN112813477A publication Critical patent/CN112813477A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/026Anodisation with spark discharge
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/005Apparatus specially adapted for electrolytic conversion coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D11/00Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
    • C25D11/02Anodisation
    • C25D11/04Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C25D11/06Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used

Abstract

In one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of moving-workpiece thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising the steps of: s1, immersing the conductive metal with the valve metal on the outer surface into electrolyte, and fixing two ends of the conductive metal by adopting an unwinding device and a winding device; s2, when the valve metal is oxidized thermoelectrically, the conductive metal with the outer surface being the valve metal moves from the unreeling end to the reeling end, and a thermoelectrically and chemically oxidized ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ. Another aspect provides an apparatus for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising: the device comprises a thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating tank, an unwinding device and a winding device, wherein two ends of conductive metal with valve metal on the outer surface are fixed by the unwinding device and the winding device, the conductive metal is immersed in electrolyte, the conductive metal moves from the unwinding end to the winding end during thermoelectric chemical oxidation, and a thermoelectric chemical oxidation ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.

Description

Method and equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermoelectric chemical oxidation, in particular to a method and equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation.
Background
The thermoelectric chemical oxidation is a new surface treatment technology which develops rapidly at home and abroad in recent years, and is developed on the basis of anodic oxidation, namely microplasma oxidation, plasma thermoelectric chemical oxidation, plasma-enhanced electrochemical surface ceramization and the like. The thermoelectrochemical oxidation adopts higher working voltage, the working area of the voltage is introduced into a high-voltage discharge area from a Faraday area of a common anodic oxidation method, arc discharge is utilized for enhancing and activating, so that the reaction generated on the anode causes corona, glow, micro-arc discharge and even spark spots to appear on the surface of a workpiece under a certain current density, and a layer of compact ceramic membrane is formed in situ on the surface of the valve metal, thereby achieving the purpose of modifying and strengthening the surface of the workpiece. The valve metal has the function of electrolyzing the metal of the valve in a metal-oxide-electrolyte system, mainly comprises six metals of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, Nb and Ta and alloys thereof, wherein the valve metal aluminum is most widely applied. The ceramic membrane is metallurgically bonded with a substrate, has good bonding strength and high hardness, has the characteristics of good wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-voltage insulation resistance, high-temperature impact resistance and the like, and can prolong the service life of a workpiece by times or even tens of times.
The thermoelectric chemical oxidation adopts high-voltage discharge, the surface of a workpiece generates violent spark discharge reaction, the spark discharge is too violent and is not easy to control, the thermoelectric chemical oxidation process has important influence on the effect and compactness of the ceramic membrane, and how to control or how to slow down the violent of the spark discharge is a worldwide difficult problem.
In the prior art, in order to slow down spark discharge's violent nature, add the ultrasonic wave at the in-process of thermoelectric chemical oxidation, add the ultrasonic wave and can promote the circulation of electrolyte for solution resistance obtains corresponding reduction, has promoted going on at the thermoelectric chemical oxidation initial stage on the one hand, and on the other hand makes the discharge breakdown in thermoelectric chemical oxidation later stage easier, wholly makes thermoelectric chemical oxidation's spark discharge process violent nature slow down, and the time is longer and more even. However, a significant factor hindering the practical spread of the products of the electrochemical oxidation is the high production costs, which are due on the one hand to the high-voltage discharge and on the other hand to the cooling system, which further increases the production costs if ultrasound is used.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for mobile workpiece-based thermoelectric chemical oxidation, which reduces the severity of the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, makes the thermoelectric chemical oxidation more uniform, and has a low production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation, which can slow down the intensity of the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, make the thermoelectric chemical oxidation more uniform and reduce the production cost.
In one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of moving-workpiece thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising the steps of:
s1, immersing the conductive metal with the valve metal on the outer surface into electrolyte, and fixing two ends of the conductive metal by adopting an unwinding device and a winding device;
s2, when the valve metal is oxidized thermoelectrically, the conductive metal with the outer surface being the valve metal moves from the unreeling end to the reeling end, and a thermoelectrically and chemically oxidized ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.
The application discloses a method for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation, conductive metal moves from an unwinding end to a winding end during thermoelectric chemical oxidation, only the unwinding device and the winding device need to be adopted to play a role of fixing and moving, in the prior art, workpieces in the thermoelectric chemical oxidation process are all fixed, concretely, the workpieces are clamped by the device, the workpieces are fixedly immersed in electrolyte to carry out the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, the workpieces are taken out after the thermoelectric chemical oxidation is finished, and the workpieces (the outer surface of the conductive metal of valve metal) move in the thermoelectric chemical oxidation process, which is initiated. On one hand, the conductive metal is moved in the thermoelectric chemical oxidation process, the conductive metal moves to drive the electrolyte around the conductive metal to move, so that the circulation of the electrolyte is promoted, bubbles in the electrolyte escape from the electrolyte more quickly, the solution resistance is correspondingly reduced, the intensity of the thermoelectric chemical oxidation is slowed down, the thermoelectric chemical oxidation is more uniform, the ceramic layer has better compactness and better wear resistance and corrosion resistance; on the other hand, moving conductive metals has little cost, and the production cost is far lower than that of the applied ultrasonic waves.
In some embodiments, a conductive metal having an outer surface that is a valve metal is horizontally immersed in the electrolyte, the conductive metal comprising: one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, zirconium alloy, copper alloy, zinc, or zinc alloy, the valve metal comprising: preferably, the valve metal is one of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, Nb, Ta, Al alloy, Ti alloy, Mg alloy, Zr alloy, Nb alloy, or Ta alloy.
Further, the number of the conductive metals is 1, or the conductive metals are composed of a plurality of conductive metals, and when the conductive metals are composed of a plurality of conductive metals, the plurality of conductive metals are arranged in parallel, or arranged in a weaving and tangling manner.
Further, the cross section of the conductive metal is circular, elliptical or polygonal.
In some embodiments, the conductive metal with the valve metal on the outer surface is wound on the unwinding device, the unwinding device fixes the conductive metal before the electrochemical oxidation, the unwinding device and the winding device can rotate, and the moving speed of the conductive metal is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the unwinding device and the winding device.
Furthermore, a guiding device is arranged between the unwinding device and the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating pool or/and between the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating pool and the winding device, and the guiding device can straighten the conducting device.
Further, during the thermal electrochemical oxidation, electrically conductive metal removes too slowly, can't play and make the more even effect of thermal electrochemical oxidation, and electrically conductive metal removes too fast, can make thermal electrochemical oxidation's time not enough, and the thickness of ceramic membrane reduces, consequently, through a large amount of experiments, during thermal electrochemical oxidation, sets up the moving speed of electrically conductive metal as: 0.1m/min-5m/min, preferably, the moving speed of the conductive metal is as follows: 0.5m/min-2 m/min.
In some embodiments, the power source for the thermoelectric chemical oxidation employs: the power supply is one of a direct current power supply, a monophasic pulse power supply, an alternating current power supply, an asymmetric alternating current power supply or a bidirectional asymmetric pulse power supply, and preferably, the power supply adopts a bidirectional asymmetric pulse power supply.
Further, the electrolyte used in the thermoelectric chemical oxidation adopts: one of a silicate system, a borate system, or an aluminate system, preferably, the electrolyte for the thermoelectric chemical oxidation is a silicate system. The silicate system comprises: potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate, and deionized water, the concentration range of potassium hydroxide is: 0.5g/L to 10g/L, preferably, the concentration range of the potassium hydroxide is as follows: 3g/L-5g/L, and the concentration range of the sodium silicate is as follows: 1g/L-30g/L, preferably, the concentration range of sodium silicate is as follows: 5g/L-15 g/L.
Further, during the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled as follows: 10-50 ℃, and preferably, the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled as follows: 22-35 ℃, and more preferably, the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled as follows: 29-31 ℃.
In some embodiments, the ceramic layer has a thickness of: 20-70 μm, preferably the thickness of the ceramic layer is: 25-65 μm.
Further, when the valve metal is aluminum, the main material of the ceramic layer is alpha type and/or alpha type
Figure BDA0002857315720000031
Type Al2O3
In another aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for moving workpiece-based thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising: the device comprises a thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating tank, an unwinding device and a winding device, wherein two ends of conductive metal with valve metal on the outer surface are fixed by the unwinding device and the winding device, the conductive metal is immersed in electrolyte, the conductive metal moves from the unwinding end to the winding end during thermoelectric chemical oxidation, and a thermoelectric chemical oxidation ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.
In some embodiments, a conductive metal having an outer surface that is a valve metal is horizontally immersed in the electrolyte, the conductive metal comprising: one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, zirconium alloy, copper alloy, zinc, or zinc alloy, the valve metal comprising: preferably, the valve metal is one of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, Nb, Ta, Al alloy, Ti alloy, Mg alloy, Zr alloy, Nb alloy, or Ta alloy.
In some embodiments, the rate of movement of the conductive metal upon the thermoelectric chemical oxidation is: 0.1m/min-5m/min, preferably, the moving speed of the conductive metal is as follows: 0.5m/min-2 m/min.
In some embodiments, between the unwinding device and the thermal electrochemical oxidation plating bath, the method further includes: the conductive metal is straightened by the aid of the straightening device and the tension measuring device tests tension of the conductive metal, and stretching of the conductive metal is guaranteed within a reasonable range.
Furthermore, a plurality of guiding devices are arranged between the unwinding device and the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating pool, and part of the guiding devices is close to the unwinding device and part of the guiding devices is close to the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating pool.
Further, the guiding device is composed of a plurality of groups of vertically distributed disks and transversely distributed disks, one half of the disks are located above the conductive metal, the other half of the disks are located below the conductive metal, the disks rotate passively, friction force is increased, and therefore the conductive metal is straightened.
In some embodiments, between the thermal electrochemical oxidation plating bath and the winding device, further comprising: the device comprises a guide device, a linear velocity measuring device, a tension testing device and a wire arranging device, wherein the guide device straightens the conductive metal, the linear velocity measuring device detects the moving speed of the conductive metal, the tension measuring device tests the tension of the conductive metal to ensure that the conductive metal is stretched in a reasonable range, and the wire arranging device enables the conductive metal after the thermoelectric chemical oxidation to be uniformly wound on a winding device.
The technical effects are as follows: the conductive metal produced by the method and the equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation has the advantages that the discharge spark is advanced in the early stage of the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, and the phenomenon that discharge breakdown is more and more difficult due to thickening of the ceramic membrane is reduced because the conductive metal moves and is stretched and micro-arc discharge points are more at the later stage of the thermoelectric chemical oxidation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mobile workpiece type apparatus for thermoelectric chemical oxidation according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are described to aid in the understanding of the present application and are not, and should not be construed to, limit the scope of the present application in any way.
In the following description, those skilled in the art will recognize that components may be described throughout this discussion as separate functional units (which may include sub-units), but those skilled in the art will recognize that various components or portions thereof may be divided into separate components or may be integrated together (including being integrated within a single system or component).
Also, connections between components or systems within the figures are not intended to be limited to direct connections. Rather, data between these components may be modified, reformatted, or otherwise changed by the intermediate components. Additionally, additional or fewer connections may be used. It should also be noted that the terms "coupled," "connected," or "input" and "fixed" are understood to encompass direct connections, indirect connections, or fixed through one or more intermediaries.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
Example 1:
a method of moving a workpiece for thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising the steps of:
s1, immersing the conductive metal with the valve metal on the outer surface into electrolyte, and fixing two ends of the conductive metal by adopting an unwinding device and a winding device;
s2, when the valve metal is oxidized thermoelectrically, the conductive metal with the outer surface being the valve metal moves from the unreeling end to the reeling end, and a thermoelectrically and chemically oxidized ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.
The outer surface is in the horizontal immersion electrolyte of conductive metal of valve metal, and conductive metal is: aluminum alloy, valve metal is: al, 1 conductive metal, the cross section of the conductive metal is circular. The conductive metal with the valve metal on the outer surface is wound on the unwinding device, the unwinding device fixes the conductive metal before the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, the unwinding device and the winding device can rotate, and the moving speed of the conductive metal is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the unwinding device and the winding device. And a guiding device is also arranged between the unwinding device and the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating tank and between the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating tank and the winding device, and the guiding device can straighten the conductive device.
In the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, the power supply adopts a bidirectional asymmetric pulse power supply, and the applied current density is 5A/mm2The silicate system is: 10% of Na2AlO215% of NaClO36% solution in kOH at 22 ℃. The moving speed of the conductive metal of sample 1 was, under otherwise identical conditions: 1.0m/min, the conductive metal of sample 2 was immobilized.
And then respectively enabling the flat aluminum wires to pass through a plating tank and then enter an oven, wherein the temperature of the oven is set at 150 ℃, and the time for the flat aluminum wires to pass through the oven is 30-45 seconds, so as to evaporate residual moisture. Through the test: thickness of moving thermoelectric chemical oxidized ceramic layer: 5-300 mu m, and the surface roughness of the ceramic layer is as follows: 0.272 ± 0.018(Ra), the mobile ceramic layer hardness in terms of wear and corrosion resistance is: 2000-3000 HV, corrosion resistance of ceramic layer: C5H.
The embodiment also designs a comparison group, wherein the workpiece of the comparison group is fixed, the workpiece is fixed during the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, and other steps and conditions are the same as those described above. Through tests, the data of a control group are obtained as follows, the thickness of the fixed thermoelectric chemical ceramic oxide layer is as follows: 5-60 μm, ceramic layer surface roughness: 0.375 ± 0.022(Ra), stationary thermoelectric ceramic oxide layer hardness in terms of wear resistance and corrosion resistance: 1500-2000 HV, corrosion resistance of ceramic layer: C5L.
Therefore, compared with the traditional fixed type thermoelectric chemical oxidation method, the method for thermoelectric chemical oxidation of the moving workpiece has the advantages that the ceramic layer is thicker, the surface of the ceramic layer is more uniform and smooth, and the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance are better.
Example 2:
an apparatus for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the device comprises a thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating tank, an unwinding device and a winding device, wherein two ends of conductive metal with valve metal on the outer surface are fixed by the unwinding device and the winding device, the conductive metal is immersed in electrolyte, the conductive metal moves from the unwinding end to the winding end during thermoelectric chemical oxidation, and a thermoelectric chemical oxidation ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.
The outer surface is in the horizontal immersion electrolyte of conductive metal of valve metal, and conductive metal is: aluminum alloy, valve metal is: al, the moving speed of the conductive metal in the thermoelectric chemical oxidation is: 1.5 m/min.
Between unwinding device and the thermoelectricity chemical oxidation pond, still include: the conductive metal is straightened by the aid of the straightening device and the tension measuring device tests tension of the conductive metal, and stretching of the conductive metal is guaranteed within a reasonable range. The guiding devices between the unreeling device and the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating pool are multiple, and part of the guiding devices is close to the unreeling device and part of the guiding devices is close to the thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating pool. The guide device is composed of a plurality of groups of vertically distributed disks and transversely distributed disks, wherein one half of the disks is positioned above the conductive metal, the other half of the disks is positioned below the conductive metal, and the disks passively rotate to increase friction force, so that the conductive metal is straightened.
Between thermoelectricity chemical oxidation plating pond and the coiling mechanism, still include: the device comprises a guide device, a linear velocity measuring device, a tension testing device and a wire arranging device, wherein the guide device straightens the conductive metal, the linear velocity measuring device detects the moving speed of the conductive metal, the tension measuring device tests the tension of the conductive metal to ensure that the conductive metal is stretched in a reasonable range, and the wire arranging device enables the conductive metal after the thermoelectric chemical oxidation to be uniformly wound on a winding device.
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other aspects and embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure, and that several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are presented by way of example only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, which is to be controlled in the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method of moving a workpiece for thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising the steps of:
s1, immersing the conductive metal with the valve metal on the outer surface into electrolyte, and fixing two ends of the conductive metal by adopting an unwinding device and a winding device;
s2, when the valve metal is oxidized thermoelectrically, the conductive metal with the outer surface being the valve metal moves from the unreeling end to the reeling end, and a thermoelectrically and chemically oxidized ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.
2. The method of moving workpiece thermoelectric chemical oxidation as set forth in claim 1 wherein the electrically conductive metal having an outer surface of a valve metal is horizontally immersed in the electrolyte, the electrically conductive metal comprising: one of aluminum, aluminum alloy, zirconium alloy, copper alloy, zinc, or zinc alloy, the valve metal comprising: one of Al, Ti, Mg, Zr, Nb, Ta, Al alloy, Ti alloy, Mg alloy, Zr alloy, Nb alloy, or Ta alloy.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive metal having an outer surface of a valve metal is wound on an unwinding device, the unwinding device holds the conductive metal before the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, the unwinding device and the winding device are rotatable, and the moving speed of the conductive metal is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the unwinding device and the winding device.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising a straightening device disposed between the unwinding unit and the thermal electrochemical oxidation bath or/and between the thermal electrochemical oxidation bath and the winding unit, wherein the straightening device straightens the conductive device.
5. A method of moving a workpiece according to claim 3, wherein the moving speed of the conductive metal during the thermoelectric oxidation is: 0.1m/min-5 m/min.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the moving speed of the conductive metal during the thermoelectric oxidation is: 0.5m/min-2 m/min.
7. A method of moving workpiece thermoelectric chemical oxidation as recited in claim 1, wherein the power source for the thermoelectric chemical oxidation employs: one of a direct current, monophasic pulse, alternating current, asymmetric alternating current, or bidirectional asymmetric pulse power supply; the electrolyte used in the thermoelectric chemical oxidation adopts: one of a silicate system, a borate system, or an aluminate system; during the thermoelectric chemical oxidation, the temperature of the electrolyte is controlled as follows: 10 ℃ to 50 ℃.
8. An apparatus for moving a workpiece for thermoelectric chemical oxidation, comprising: the device comprises a thermoelectric chemical oxidation plating tank, an unwinding device and a winding device, wherein two ends of conductive metal with valve metal on the outer surface are fixed by the unwinding device and the winding device, the conductive metal is immersed in electrolyte, the conductive metal moves from the unwinding end to the winding end during thermoelectric chemical oxidation, and a thermoelectric chemical oxidation ceramic layer grows on the surface of the valve metal in situ.
9. The apparatus for moving workpiece-based thermoelectric chemical oxidation as set forth in claim 8, wherein the moving speed of the conductive metal during thermoelectric chemical oxidation is: 0.1m/min-5 m/min.
10. The apparatus for moving workpiece-based thermoelectric chemical oxidation as set forth in claim 8, wherein between the unwind apparatus and the thermoelectric chemical oxidation bath, further comprising: lead just device, tension measuring device, between pool and the coiling mechanism is plated in the thermal-electric chemical oxidation, still include: the device comprises a guide device, a linear velocity measuring device, a tension testing device and a wire arranging device, wherein the guide device straightens the conductive metal, the linear velocity measuring device detects the moving speed of the conductive metal, the tension measuring device tests the tension of the conductive metal to ensure that the conductive metal is stretched in a reasonable range, and the wire arranging device enables the conductive metal after the thermoelectric chemical oxidation to be uniformly wound on a winding device.
CN202011551757.1A 2020-12-24 2020-12-24 Method and equipment for moving workpiece type thermoelectric chemical oxidation Pending CN112813477A (en)

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CN115928170A (en) * 2022-12-28 2023-04-07 浙江中行新材料科技有限公司 Aluminum-based bending-resistant corrosion-resistant flexible ceramic film and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20210518