CN1128100C - Method for preparing activated char from bamboo material - Google Patents
Method for preparing activated char from bamboo material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1128100C CN1128100C CN01131145A CN01131145A CN1128100C CN 1128100 C CN1128100 C CN 1128100C CN 01131145 A CN01131145 A CN 01131145A CN 01131145 A CN01131145 A CN 01131145A CN 1128100 C CN1128100 C CN 1128100C
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of active carbon, which particularly relates to a method for preparing active carbon from bamboo raw materials. The method comprises the following steps: (1), processing wastes of moso bamboo, bamboo branches or bamboo articles are sliced and sieved, bamboo dust is sieved, or the bamboo dust is sieved and formed; (2), the bamboo raw materials are carbonized in a carbide furnace by low temperature carbonization, and the temperature for the dry distillation carbonization is from 200 to 600 DEG C; (3), under the condition of the existence of micro oxygen, the carbonized materials are put into an activation furnace and are activated by superheated steam at high temperature, and the activation temperature is from 400 to 850 DEG C; (4), the activated active carbon is crushed or washed in water, dried and sieved by grade, the active carbon is obtained. Before carbonization, the bamboo raw materials in the step (1) can be immersed in the mixed solution of zinc chloride and hydrogen peroxide or in the mixed solution of phosphonic acid and the hydrogen peroxide. The bamboo active carbon of the present invention has all the advantages of wood active carbon; under the same conditions, the methylene blue decolorization capability of the bamboo active carbon can be increased by 20%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the gac field, particularly prepare process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material.
Background technology
The chemical property of gac is stable, can make many chemical agent regeneration, is widely used in fields such as oil, medicine, chemical industry, food, national defense industry, environment protection.National according to statistics gac annual production reaches about 120,000 tons, the raw material of making gac is varied, have wooden, ature of coal, shell etc., yet the history identity of gac manufacturing and application, the gac of wood material production is compared with the gac of other raw material production has four unique big advantages: total hole volume is big, specific surface area is big, and reactive behavior is big, and impurity is few.But to sacrifice the forest reserves is that cost is produced gac, can not be fit to demands of social development.
Along with the raising of the whole society to Environmental awareness, for protecting forest resources, country expressly provides, forbids excessive and random lumbering, so the raw material of wood activated charcoal is day by day poor.Must seek alternative materials, and in Zhejiang, areas such as Fujian, Anhui, Hubei, bamboo resource is quite abundant, and the growth cycle of mao bamboon is short, generally can adopt more than 2 years, can be had great economic benefit and social benefit if develop.
Publication number is to disclose a kind of stalk and sawdust of utilizing among the CN1245776 to make process of active carbon, this method is that straw powder and sawdust powder are added the acidic catalyst agent solution, be ground to the heavy-gravity bulk,, make gac through moulding, curing, charing and activation, pickling.Publication number is that CN1215694 discloses a kind of method with producing high performance active carbon from nut shell, and this method is that the fruit stone shell is handled in phosphoric acid solution, makes gac through charing and activation.
JP11343107 (1999.12.14) discloses a kind of charing method that relates to the feed particulate material bamboo, and this method adopts the external firing system.JP7126101 (1995.05.16) discloses a kind of method for preparing antibiotic activated carbon from bamboo, and this method 100～400 ℃ of heating, is used steam heating at 100～150 ℃ with the bamboo bits.Though above-mentioned two kinds of methods relate to bamboo and prepare gac, all unexposed chemical method of using does not particularly relate to the method for handling with hydrogen peroxide.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome with timber as the raw material production gac, destroy the shortcoming of the forest reserves, provide a kind of and prepare process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) mao bamboon, bamboo branch or bamboo product processing waste material are cut into slices, screened, the bamboo bits are through screening or with bamboo bits screening moulding; The moulding of bamboo bits is through screening, oven dry, extrusion molding in the high-temperature pressurizing molding device, and said molding device can be with extruser or hydraulic extrusion press.
(2) in charring furnace the bamboo raw material is carried out the low-temperature pyrolysis charing, the dry distillation charring temperature is 200～600 ℃;
(3) under the condition that micro amount of oxygen exists, the carbonized material after the charing is put into activation furnace, at high temperature activate with superheated vapour, activation temperature is 400～850 ℃;
(4) activated material that activated sieves through fragmentation, pickling, washing, drying and classification, just can make gac.This gac has:
To 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability: 120ml/g--300ml/g
Iodine number: 1000mg/g--1400mg/g
Specific surface area: 1100cm
2/ g--1800cm
2/ g
Total hole volume: 0.6cm
3/ g--1.2cm
3/ g
Middle pore volume; 0.2cm
3/ g--0.5cm
3/ g
Total iron content :≤0.05%
Ash :≤4.0%
Intensity: 80%--95%
pH： 5--9
In charing step (2) before, can be with the mixing solutions dipping of bamboo raw material with zinc chloride and hydrogen peroxide, wherein the zinc chloride amount with respect to bamboo raw material per ton is 50～150 kilograms, the amount of hydrogen peroxide is 3～18 kilograms; Perhaps with the mixing solutions dipping of phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide, wherein with respect to bamboo raw material per ton, the amount of phosphoric acid is 40～120 kg, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide is 3～18 kilograms.
Preferred dry distillation charring temperature in the step (2) is 200～450 ℃, and preferred temperature is 300～400 ℃, and carbonization time is 1～2 hour; Reach discharging in 70～90% o'clock in the charing degree, this carbonized material is not adding the forcing machine extrusion molding of any binding agent;
Activation in the step (3) is that the carbonized material with carbonized material or moulding preferably activates under 400-600 ℃ temperature, and soak time is 2～4 hours.
With the activated material hot water rinsing that step (4) activated, reclaim residual zinc chloride or phosphoric acid.
The activated material of drying forming, classified screening obtains the granulated active carbon of moulding; The activated material of oven dry obtains powdered carbon through grinding.
Described forcing machine is hydraulic extrusion press or extruser.
This gac has:
To 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability: 120ml/g-300ml/g
Caramel decolorizing ability (A method): 100%--130%
Iodine number: 1000mg/g-1400mg/g
Specific surface area: 1100cm
2/ g-1800cm
2/ g
Total hole volume: 0.6cm
3/ g-1.2cm
3/ g
Middle pore volume: 0.2cm
3/ g-0.5cm
3/ g
Total iron content :≤0.05%
Ash :≤4.0%
Intensity: 80%--95%
pH： 3-6。
Described charring furnace or activation furnace are flattening oven, rotary kiln, continuous tunnel furnace, vertical heater, double stove or smoldering stove.
The present invention produces the raw material consumption of one ton of bamboo gac: chemical method is the 3-5 ton, physics method 10-15 ton.
The activated carbon from bamboo that the present invention proposes not only has all advantages of wood activated charcoal, and under equal processing condition, its methylene blue decolorizing ability can improve 20%, also has the flourishing and low characteristics of foreign matter content of mesopore simultaneously.Most importantly developed the new raw material of making gac.Bamboo branch, bamboo bits and bamboo product processing waste material, major part goes out of use or acts as a fuel at present, and causes severe environmental pollution.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the present invention is prepared technical process Fig. 1 of gac by the bamboo raw material.
Fig. 2. the present invention is prepared technical process Fig. 2 of gac by the bamboo raw material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1.
(1) selects 10 tons of bamboo product residuums for use, be cut into 0.5cm * 10cm, filter out disintegrating slag, obtain 9.5 tons of the materials of 0.5cm * 10cm.The material that screening is good joins in the vertical retort, reinforced at every turn 500kg, each hour discharging once, discharging limit, limit is reinforced.
(2) in charring furnace the bamboo raw material is carried out the low-temperature pyrolysis charing, the dry distillation charring temperature is 450 ℃; Charing finished shared about 20 hours, got 2.80 tons of carbonized materials, and recorded technical parameter: fugitive constituent 23.80%, ash 1.80%, moisture content 2.60%, fixed carbon 71.80%.
(3) under the condition that micro amount of oxygen exists, the carbonized material after the charing is put into activation furnace, at high temperature activate with superheated vapour, activation temperature is 765 ℃; Soak time 7 hours, 2.8 tons of carbonized materials one are shared finished activation in 14 hours.
(4) activated material that activation is good obtains 798 kilograms of activated materials through fragmentation, washing, drying.Activated material is through fragmentation, and it is 8 * 30 purpose bamboo granulated active carbon 638kg that sizing screening is obtained granularity.Screen underflow 160Kg.
The technical parameter that records bamboo indefinite form granulated active carbon is: iodine number 1148.5mg/g, and to 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability 195ml/g, specific surface area 1356cm
2/ g, total hole volume 0.7cm
3/ g (pore volume 0.41cm wherein
3/ g), total iron content 0.04%, ash 3.76%, intensity 85%, pH value 9.
The 160Kg screen underflow of sizing screening through pickling, oven dry, grind bamboo powdered carbon 150kg.Record following technical parameter.To 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability 210ml/g, specific surface area 1420cm
2/ g, ash 2.50%, total iron content 0.018%, pH value 6.
Embodiment 2
The bamboo bits are dried to water content less than 30% through screening, obtain the bamboo of handling well and consider 1 ton to be worth doing, and the mixing solutions dipping with zinc chloride and hydrogen peroxide adds 15 kilograms of hydrogen peroxide and 95 kilograms of zinc chloride, floods 10 hours.
Impregnated bamboo bits are put into flattening oven, and temperature is controlled at 320 ℃, and charing 60 minutes is warming up to 460 ℃ then, activates 150 minutes.Finish activation back discharging, put into pond for recovering with being about to activated material, the residual chloride zinc in the activated material that is dissolved in water, to give the recovery zinc chloride, activated material does not contain zinc chloride in the pond.
Move into rinsing bath with reclaiming good activated material, with hot water rinsing six times, oven dry is then ground.Get bamboo powdered carbon 295kg, get following technical parameter after testing: caramel decolorizing ability (A method) 110%, to 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability 170ml/g, ash 3.20%, total iron amount 0.048%, muriate 0.18%, pH value 5.5.
Embodiment 3.
Bamboo bits are dried to water content less than 30% through screening, obtain 1 ton in the bamboo bits handled well, with the mixed solution dipping of phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide, add 20 kilograms of hydrogen peroxide and 80 kilograms of phosphate impregnations 12 hours.
Impregnated bamboo bits are put into flattening oven, and temperature is controlled at 320 ℃, and charing 60 minutes is warming up to 460 ℃ then, activates 210 minutes.Finish the discharging of activation back, put into pond for recovering, add the residual phosphoric acid in hot water dissolving's activated material with being about to activated material, giving recovery phosphoric acid, activated material phosphoric acid not in the pond.
Move into rinsing bath with reclaiming good activated material, with hot water rinsing six times, oven dry is then ground.Get bamboo powdered carbon 210kg, get following technical parameter after testing: get following technical parameter after testing: caramel decolorizing ability (A method) 125%, to 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability 255ml/g, ash 3.80%, total iron amount 0.032%, pH value 3.4.
Embodiment 4.
The bamboo bits are dried to water content less than 27% through screening, obtain the bamboo of handling well and consider 1 ton to be worth doing, and the mixed solution dipping with zinc chloride and hydrogen peroxide adds 18 kilograms of hydrogen peroxide and 95 kilograms of zinc chloride, adds boiling water and mixes the mixed solution that reaches degree Beaume 55 degree, floods 11 hours.
Impregnated bamboo bits are put into rotary kiln, and temperature is controlled at 320 ℃, charing 65 minutes, and the charing degree reaches about 80%, promptly loses the bamboo bits in the stove substantially, and this moment is immediately with hydraulic extrusion press extruding becoming 8 * 30 purpose particle carbonized materials.The moulding carbonized material that finishes enters rotary kiln and activates, and activation temperature is 550 ℃, activates 180 minutes.Finish activation back discharging, put into pond for recovering with being about to activated material, the residual chloride zinc in the activated material that is dissolved in water, to give the recovery zinc chloride, activated material does not contain zinc chloride in the pond.
Move into rinsing bath with reclaiming good activated material, with hot water rinsing six times, oven dry then.Get bamboo bits granular active carbon 278kg, get following technical parameter after testing: get following technical parameter after testing: caramel decolorizing ability (A method) 105%, to 0.15 methylene blue decolorizing ability 160ml/g, ash 3.80%, total iron amount 0.043%, muriate 0.15%, pH value 5.0, intensity 90%.
Claims (8)
1. one kind prepares process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material, and it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(1) mao bamboon, bamboo branch or bamboo product processing waste material are cut into slices, screened, the bamboo bits are through screening or with bamboo bits screening moulding;
(2) in charring furnace the bamboo raw material is carried out the low-temperature pyrolysis charing, the dry distillation charring temperature is 200～600 ℃;
(3) under the condition that micro amount of oxygen exists, the carbonized material after the charing is put into activation furnace, at high temperature activate with superheated vapour, activation temperature is 400～850 ℃;
(4) activated material that activated sieves through fragmentation, pickling, washing, drying and classification, just can make gac;
In charing step (2) before, with the mixing solutions dipping of bamboo raw material with zinc chloride and hydrogen peroxide, wherein with respect to bamboo raw material per ton, the amount of zinc chloride is 50～150 kilograms, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide is 3～18 kilograms; Perhaps with the mixing solutions dipping of phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide, wherein with respect to bamboo raw material per ton, the amount of phosphoric acid is 40～120 kg, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide is 3～18 kilograms.
2. what claim 1 was put down in writing prepares process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material, and it is characterized in that: the dry distillation charring temperature in the described step (2) is 200～450 ℃, and carbonization time is 1～2 hour; Reach discharging in 70～90% o'clock in the charing degree, this carbonized material is not adding the forcing machine extrusion molding of any binding agent.
Claim 1 record prepare process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material, it is characterized in that: activation is that carbonized material with carbonized material or moulding activates under 400-600 ℃ temperature in the described step (3), and soak time is 2～4 hours.
4. what claim 3 was put down in writing prepares process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material, it is characterized in that: the drying forming activated material, and classified screening obtains the gac of moulding; The activated material of oven dry obtains powdered carbon through grinding.
Claim 1 or 3 any records prepare process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material, it is characterized in that: described carbonization temperature is 300～400 ℃.
6. what claim 1 was put down in writing prepares process of active carbon by the bamboo raw material, it is characterized in that: with the good activated material hot water rinsing of step (4) activation, reclaim residual zinc chloride or phosphoric acid.
7. prepare process of active carbon as what claim 1 was put down in writing by the bamboo raw material, it is characterized in that: described charring furnace or activation furnace are flattening oven, rotary kiln, continuous tunnel furnace, vertical heater, double stove or smoldering stove.
8. prepare process of active carbon as what claim 2 was put down in writing by the bamboo raw material, it is characterized in that: described forcing machine is hydraulic extrusion press or extruser.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01131145A CN1128100C (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Method for preparing activated char from bamboo material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01131145A CN1128100C (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Method for preparing activated char from bamboo material |
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|---|---|
| CN1333180A CN1333180A (en) | 2002-01-30 |
| CN1128100C true CN1128100C (en) | 2003-11-19 |
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ID=4670398
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01131145A Expired - Fee Related CN1128100C (en) | 2001-09-04 | 2001-09-04 | Method for preparing activated char from bamboo material |
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