CN112806320A - 改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法 - Google Patents
改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112806320A CN112806320A CN202110061378.2A CN202110061378A CN112806320A CN 112806320 A CN112806320 A CN 112806320A CN 202110061378 A CN202110061378 A CN 202110061378A CN 112806320 A CN112806320 A CN 112806320A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- feeding
- piglets
- weaned
- weaned piglets
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019752 Wheat Middilings Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 102000002260 Alkaline Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100036475 Alanine aminotransferase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010082126 Alanine transaminase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108010003415 Aspartate Aminotransferases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004625 Aspartate Aminotransferases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000006395 Globulins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010044091 Globulins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000015779 HDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010010234 HDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000007330 LDL Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010007622 LDL Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014590 basal diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006241 metabolic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 2
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003779 Vitamin B12 Natural products 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].NC(N)=O Chemical compound [N].NC(N)=O PNNCWTXUWKENPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013872 defecation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013400 design of experiment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000556 factor analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002649 immunization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003053 immunization Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005229 liver cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004792 oxidative damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000026775 severe diarrhea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019163 vitamin B12 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005282 vitamin D3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012711 vitamin K3 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940021056 vitamin d3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法，它涉及一种饲养方法。本发明是为了解决断奶仔猪饲养过程中各种应激条件下，机体免疫力下降，健康水平降低导致疾病频发的技术问题。本方法如下：将断奶仔猪按饲养密度为0.67m2/头的猪栏中饲养30天，然后再分群。饲养断奶仔猪的饲料参照NRC(2012)猪营养需要量表配制。本发明通过合理调整仔猪的饲养密度，增强仔猪抗氧化能力，改善了生产性能。本发明具有简单实用，便于推广的特点，可大幅度提高生猪养殖场整体经济效益。本发明属于断奶仔猪饲养领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种饲养方法。
背景技术
生产中猪的生产性能发挥受到诸多因素影响，其中品种因素占约20％，饲料及日常管理占约50％，生长环境则占约30％，饲养环境对猪生产性能发挥有很大的影响，饲养密度则是饲养畜禽的众多环境条件之一。集约化的生产模式侧重于降低养殖成本，提高养殖利润。集约化饲养条件下的猪常处于亚健康状态，并未发挥其最佳的生产性能，在该生产模式中饲养密度过低会大大增加养殖成本，常为降低土地成本而提高饲养密度，高饲养密度虽可以节约土地成本，但也会对猪的生产性能和机体健康产生不利影响，饲养密度直接影响猪舍内环境条件，例如温湿度、通风状况、有毒有害气体及尘埃微生物的含量等，进而影响猪的采食、饮水、排粪、活动等行为，导致发病率及死亡率上升，猪生产性能和养殖效益下降等诸多问题。因此，适宜的饲养密度是国内外科研人员研究的主要方向。
高饲养密度条件下，由于个体活动空间受限，动物无法及时规避应激源，导致机体应激反应增加。肝脏、脾脏和肾脏等内脏器官具有某些特定功能，是机体重要的组成部分。器官指数可以在一定程度上反应各器官生长和功能是否正常，从而反映机体的健康状况。肝脏是哺乳动物最重要的代谢器官，具有复杂的生理功能，参与糖、脂、蛋白、核苷酸等多种代谢反应。血清生化指标是监测动物健康和生理状况的重要依据。血清中的ALP主要存在肝细胞中，ALP的水平在一定程度上反映了肝脏是否健康。TP由ALB和球蛋白(GLB)组成，主要由肝脏合成，血液中TP和ALB水平的高低反映了机体蛋白质吸收和代谢的状况，也是动物应激反应的标志之一。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决断奶仔猪饲养过程中各种应激条件下，机体免疫力下降，健康水平降低导致疾病频发的技术问题，提供了一种改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法。
改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法如下：将断奶仔猪按饲养密度为0.67m2/头的猪栏中饲养30天，然后再分群。
饲养断奶仔猪的饲料参照NRC(2012)猪营养需要量表配制。
所述饲养断奶仔猪的饲料按照重量百分含量由50.30％玉米、15％干酒糟、11.63％黄豆、14.21％次粉、3.67％麸糠、2.00％预混料、1.02％细粉、1.00％豆油、0.67％赖氨酸和0.50％磷酸二钙组成。
本发明通过合理调整仔猪的饲养密度，增强仔猪抗氧化能力，改善了生产性能。本发明具有简单实用，便于推广的特点，可大幅度提高生猪养殖场整体经济效益。
具体实施方式
本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举具体实施方式，还包括各具体实施方式间的任意组合。
具体实施方式一：本实施方式改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法如下：将断奶仔猪按饲养密度为0.67m2/头的猪栏中饲养30天，然后再分群。
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是饲养断奶仔猪的饲料参照NRC(2012)猪营养需要量表配制。其他与具体实施方式一相同。
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二不同的是所述饲养断奶仔猪的饲料按照重量百分含量由50.30％玉米、15％干酒糟、11.63％黄豆、14.21％次粉、3.67％麸糠、2.00％预混料、1.02％细粉、1.00％豆油、0.67％赖氨酸和0.50％磷酸二钙组成。其他与具体实施方式一或二相同。
采用下述实验验证本发明效果：
1.试验设计
为了确定仔猪适应饲养密度，开展如下研究：选取体重相近(10.32±0.07kg)的断奶仔猪(长白×大约克郡)66头，随机分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复为统一规格的2m2猪栏(长2.0m×宽1.0m)：
A组，每个猪栏内饲养2头仔猪，饲养密度为1m2/头，简单标注为A(2m2，2头，1m2/头)；
B组，每个猪栏内饲养3头仔猪，饲养密度为0.67m2/头，简单标注为B(2m2，3头，0.67m2/头)；
C组，每个猪栏内饲养6头仔猪，饲养密度为0.33m2/头，简单标注为C(2m2，6头，0.33m2/头)
2.饲养管理
仔猪的饲粮组成参照NRC(2012)，符合该阶段仔猪的营养水平需求，试验持续30d。基础日粮组成及营养水平见表1。猪舍环境由人工维持，舍内温度、湿度、光照和卫生学指标均符合国家标准(GB/T 17824.3-2008)。消毒、免疫等其他管理按照常规进行。出现重度腹泻或者疾病及时治疗或淘汰。
表1基础日粮组成及营养水平
注：每千克日粮提供：维生素A，1300IU；维生素D3，150IU；维生素E，11IU；维生素K3，0.5mg；维生素B1，1.2mg；维生素B2,2mg；维生素B6，1.3mg；维生素B12，5μg；叶酸，0.3mg；泛酸，7mg；铁，40mg；铜，3.3mg；锌，50mg；锰，2mg；碘，0.14mg；硒，0.15mg。
3.测定指标及方法
3.1样本采集
试验30天后，各组仔猪禁食12小时，每个重复随机取1头迅速采集血液，采集肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、脾脏称重，迅速采集胰腺和肝脏样品置于液氮速冻后，-80℃保存。血液样本室温静置2小时后，4℃条件下，3000r/min离心10min，分离上层血清，-80℃保存。
3.2血清抗氧化指标
采用东芝全自动生化分析仪(TBA-120FR,Toshiba Japan)检测血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、尿素氮(UREA)、葡萄糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHOL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)。
4.统计分析
试验数据用EXCEL2003初步整理后，用SPSS13.0统计软件进行单因素方差分析和Duncan多重比较，统计显著性水平为P<0.05。
5.结果
由表2可知,与A组、B组比较，C组断奶仔猪肝脏的器官指数显著升高(P＜0.05)。而各组间肺脏、肾脏和脾脏指数没有显著影响(P>0.05)，表明高饲养密度可能导致肝脏氧化损伤，引起肝脏肿大，进而对各种代谢反应产生影响。
表2不同饲养密度对仔猪器官指数的影响
由表3可知，与A组、B组比较，C组断奶仔猪血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、胆固醇(CHOL)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平均显著下调(P＜0.05)，A组、B组间无显著差异(P>0.05)，同时各组之间其余指标均无显著差异(P>0.05)。血清中的ALP主要存在肝细胞中，ALP的水平在一定程度上反映了肝脏是否健康，血液中TP和ALB水平的高低反映了机体蛋白质吸收和代谢的状况，也是动物应激反应的标志之一。CHOL水平均显著降低，说明高饲养密度可能抑制了肝脏中胆固醇的生物合成。
表3不同饲养密度对仔猪血清生化指标的影响
仔猪的肝脏指数和血清生化指标是监测动物健康和生理状况的重要依据。综合以上各项指标及集约化养殖实际条件，建议仔猪饲养密度为0.67m2/头，具体猪栏面积可以根据猪场实际情况，参照中华人民共和国农业部行业标准《标准化规模养猪场建设规范》(NY/T1568-2007)灵活调整。
Claims (3)
1.改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法，其特征在于改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法如下：将断奶仔猪按饲养密度为0.67m2/头的猪栏中饲养30天，然后再分群。
2.根据权利要求1所述改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法，其特征在于饲养断奶仔猪的饲料参照NRC(2012)猪营养需要量表配制。
3.根据权利要求2所述改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法，其特征在于所述饲养断奶仔猪的饲料按照重量百分含量由50.30％玉米、15％干酒糟、11.63％黄豆、14.21％次粉、3.67％麸糠、2.00％预混料、1.02％细粉、1.00％豆油、0.67％赖氨酸和0.50％磷酸二钙组成。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110061378.2A CN112806320A (zh) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | 改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110061378.2A CN112806320A (zh) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | 改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112806320A true CN112806320A (zh) | 2021-05-18 |
Family
ID=75869630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110061378.2A Pending CN112806320A (zh) | 2021-01-18 | 2021-01-18 | 改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112806320A (zh) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6387419B1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2002-05-14 | Biofiber-Damino A/S | Piglet feeding method |
| CN102293340A (zh) * | 2011-08-17 | 2011-12-28 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种可提高免疫功能的猪用复合预混料 |
| CN104222625A (zh) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-24 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | 断奶仔猪的饲料及其应用 |
| CN106721257A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 刘发成 | 一种仔猪专用饲料 |
-
2021
- 2021-01-18 CN CN202110061378.2A patent/CN112806320A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6387419B1 (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 2002-05-14 | Biofiber-Damino A/S | Piglet feeding method |
| CN102293340A (zh) * | 2011-08-17 | 2011-12-28 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种可提高免疫功能的猪用复合预混料 |
| CN104222625A (zh) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-24 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | 断奶仔猪的饲料及其应用 |
| CN106721257A (zh) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 刘发成 | 一种仔猪专用饲料 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 周凯: "饲养密度对猪生长性能和胰腺功能的影响", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士）农业科技辑》 * |
| 周凯等: "集约化饲养条件下饲养密度对猪生长性能和健康影响的研究进展", 《动物营养学报》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Falkowski et al. | Fumaric and citric acid as feed additives in starter pig nutrition | |
| Kazemi-Bonchenari et al. | Effects of linseed oil and rumen undegradable protein: rumen degradable protein ratio on performance of Holstein dairy calves | |
| Hale et al. | Effecs of a nonviable Lactobacillus species fermentation product on performance of pigs | |
| Alhanafi et al. | Spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and saltbush (Atriplex halimus L.) as feed supplements for fattening Awassi male lambs: effect on digestibility, water consumption, blood metabolites, and growth performance | |
| Wu et al. | Influence of dietary zinc and copper on apparent mineral retention and serum biochemical indicators in young male mink (Mustela vison) | |
| Santra et al. | Effect of protein levels in creep mixture on nutrient utilization and growth performance of pre-weaner lambs | |
| Wafar et al. | Growth performance and blood profile of weaner rabbits fed different legume haulms supplemented with concentrate | |
| Mule et al. | Effect of early dietary amino acid restrictions on serum metabolites in pigs selected for lean growth efficiency | |
| CN112806320A (zh) | 改善断奶仔猪健康水平的饲养方法 | |
| Fonteh et al. | Influence of weaning age on the growth performance and survival of weaned guinea pigs | |
| French et al. | Effects of concentrate level and grazing system on the performance of beef cattle grazing autumn herbage | |
| Omer et al. | Incorporation field crop residues in rabbit rations | |
| Przybyło et al. | The effect of fructose supplementation on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and digesta retention time in Reeves’s muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) | |
| Gaafar et al. | Effect of replacement of Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) hay by Berseem silage on performance of growing rabbits | |
| CN112790289A (zh) | 提高断奶仔猪抗氧化能力的饲养方法 | |
| Singh et al. | Evaluation of molasses based biomethanated distillery spent wash as an alternative feed for growing cattle | |
| Hassan | Effect of Feeding Discarded Dates, Palm Leaves and Its Combination on Growth Performance, Diet Digestibility, Blood Metabolites and Profitability of Ossimi Lambs. | |
| Tolla et al. | Comparative performances of Holstein-Friesian cows under smallholder and large scale farmers’ management in central rift valley, Ethiopia | |
| Mekasha et al. | Variations in nutrient intake of dairy cows and feed balance in urban and peri-urban dairy production systems in Ethiopia | |
| Ghomsi et al. | Assessment of the digestibility, growth performance, hematological and serum biochemical profile of Bandjock Local Pigs (BLP) and Duroc X Large White pigs (DLW) | |
| Costa et al. | Nutritional effects and feeding behavior in ewes fed with biscuit bran and cashew nut bran, with different energy levels | |
| Zharkova et al. | Bioconversion of Nutrients in Diets Containing Flattened Grain Mixture and Natural Mineral Additive–Zeolite | |
| Madan et al. | Residual feed intake and its association with blood biochemical parameters and metabolic hormones in buffalo calves | |
| Pannu et al. | Effect of naturally fermented wheat straw based complete feeds on the growth of buffalo calves | |
| Idowu et al. | Blood profile of West African Dwarf growing bucks fed Pleurotus ostreatus-treated Megathyrsus maximus and Brachiaria decumbens–cassava peel-based diets |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210518 |