CN112805094A - 组合阀座组件 - Google Patents

组合阀座组件 Download PDF

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CN112805094A
CN112805094A CN201980061887.6A CN201980061887A CN112805094A CN 112805094 A CN112805094 A CN 112805094A CN 201980061887 A CN201980061887 A CN 201980061887A CN 112805094 A CN112805094 A CN 112805094A
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valve seat
disc
seat assembly
housing
valve
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杰弗里·C·罗伯茨
杰弗里·L·泰勒
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Kraft Technology Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/14Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired places; Arrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts
    • B05B15/18Arrangements for preventing or controlling structural damage to spraying apparatus or its outlets, e.g. for breaking at desired places; Arrangements for handling or replacing damaged parts for improving resistance to wear, e.g. inserts or coatings; for indicating wear; for handling or replacing worn parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/304Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve
    • B05B1/3046Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a lift valve the valve element, e.g. a needle, co-operating with a valve seat located downstream of the valve element and its actuating means, generally in the proximity of the outlet orifice
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0225Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work characterised by flow controlling means, e.g. valves, located proximate the outlet
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166Selection of particular materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00Metals
    • F05C2201/04Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0403Refractory metals, e.g. V, W
    • F05C2201/0412Titanium
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0813Carbides
    • F05C2203/0817Carbides of silicon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2211/00Inorganic materials not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05CINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2251/00Material properties
    • F05C2251/10Hardness

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Sliding Valves (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Valve Housings (AREA)

Abstract

一种阀座组件,包括壳体和盘件,壳体具有空腔,盘件位于空腔内并连接到壳体。盘件具有比壳体更大的硬度。

Description

组合阀座组件
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年9月21日提交的美国临时申请号62/734,801的权益和优先权,该申请特此通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及可以在分配装置中使用的阀座组件以及限定用于分配液体的喷嘴的阀座组件。更具体地,本发明涉及耐磨阀座组件。
背景技术
微量分配是从喷嘴分配非常少量的液体的工艺。该工艺可以用于许多应用,包括但不限于3D打印工艺中的分配粘合剂、溶剂和油墨或分配材料。微量分配可以包括喷嘴的使用,该喷嘴包括位于喷嘴顶部的阀座和位于喷嘴底部的分配孔口。阀元件与喷嘴顶部的阀座接合和分离,以控制流过喷嘴的液体的定量供给。例如,阀元件和阀座具有产生密封并防止流体流过喷嘴的配合点。当阀元件被致动以从配合点拉回时,流体围绕阀元件行进,穿过通道并离开孔口。当阀元件被致动以重新接合阀座时,穿过喷嘴的流体流动停止。
阀元件的致动极快地发生,并且在一些情况下,数十亿次致动可以在非常短的时间段内发生。利用所有致动,喷嘴的阀座可以非常快速地磨损。除了由于与阀元件接触而磨损之外,当正在处理的流体是磨蚀性的时,流体可能在部件上留下残留物。在致动期间,该残留物可能滞留到喷嘴中。磨蚀性颗粒的这种滞留加速了材料的毁坏,这转化成部件的失效。
阀座的磨损导致部件需要更换。更换导致采用这些部件的机器停工并且不生产最终产品。此外,喷嘴部件在尺寸上可以非常小,导致当磨损发生时难以更换喷嘴。
为了减少材料的磨损,将期望的是,使用由具有更大硬度的材料制成的喷嘴,该喷嘴具有更大的耐磨性。然而,尽管具有较大硬度的材料具有更好的耐性特性,但这些材料通常也非常脆,并且因此易于开裂和碎裂。使用在重复压力下放置时易于开裂和碎裂的材料是不可取的,因为这样的材料也将需要频繁地更换。
因此,仍然需要耐磨的并且不易于开裂或碎裂的部件。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的阀组件的一个实施例的横截面视图。
图2是阀组件的放大的横截面视图。
图3是根据本公开的盘件的一个实施例的透视图。
图4是图3所示盘件的横截面视图。
图5是图3示出的与阀元件接合的盘件的透视横截面视图。
具体实施方式
现在转到附图,图1示出了阀座组件100的一个实施例,阀座组件100示出为具有阀元件102。阀座组件100可以用在各种不同的装置和机器中。例如,阀座组件可以是微分配装置的一部分,微分配装置用于分配非常少量的油、粘合剂、液体或任何其他介质。阀座组件可以用于诸如印刷和3D印刷或电路板组件等之类的应用中。
阀座组件100包括由不同材料制成并且彼此连接的壳体104和盘件106。壳体104包括空腔108,空腔108容纳或包含盘件106。优选地,壳体104和盘件106永久地彼此附接以便形成成组的单件式组件。壳体104可以具有任何数目的形状和大小,并且壳体的形状和大小可以取决于阀座结合在其中的装置的类型而变化。壳体104也可以由硬度小于盘件106的材料的硬度(kg/mm2)的材料制成。壳体的材料可以是例如碳化钨、硬化工具钢、铝等。
参见图3和图4,示出的盘件106包括圆柱形或大致圆柱形主体。在其他实施例中,主体可以具有其他几何形状或非几何形状。盘件也可以具有介于约0.05英寸与约0.5英寸之间的高度H及介于约0.1英寸与约0.5英寸之间的横截面宽度W。当盘件具有圆柱形形状时,横截面宽度是直径。在一个实施例中,盘件的高度可以小于或等于约0.125英寸(3.18mm),且横截面宽度可以小于或等于约0.125英寸(3.18mm)。在所示出的实施例中,盘件的顶部部分110可以包括边缘112,并且可选地,可以限定漏斗状部分114。漏斗状部分114可以为朝向盘件106的中心向内逐渐倾斜的任何形状。在所示出的实施例中,漏斗状部分114可以是圆锥形的。在一个实施例中,圆锥形可以是截头圆锥形。圆锥形的高度和直径可以取决于所期望的应用而变化。如图1、图2和图4所示,盘件106的顶部部分114限定与阀元件102接合的阀座。另外,漏斗状部分114的表面可以是平滑的或有纹理的。例如,该表面可以包括环、脊、凸块或其他纹理。
当盘件106限定用于分配材料的喷嘴时,盘件106还可以包括穿过盘件106的通道116以用于分配材料,诸如上述任何液体等。通道116可以在盘件的底部部分111中具有开口109。该通道可以具有在约.0005英寸与约.080英寸之间的开口或直径。在一个实施例中,通道的开口可以为约0.012英寸。
盘件106可以由硬度大于壳体104的硬度的材料制成。在一个实施例中,盘件106的材料可以具有大于或等于约2,800kg/mm2的维氏硬度。在其他实施例中,材料的维氏硬度可以大于或等于约3,000kg/mm2,或大于或等于约4,000kg/mm2。在一个实施例中,盘件106的材料可以包括碳化硅。在其他实施例中,盘件106的材料可以包括金刚石材料。例如,盘件106的金刚石材料的量可以大于体积的79%、或者可以大于体积的85%、或可以在体积的85%与95%之间。金刚石材料可以是例如陶瓷金刚石材料、多晶金刚石材料或任何其他合适的金刚石材料。此外,盘件106的材料可以是包含金刚石材料和粘合剂的复合物。这种粘结剂可以包括钴、碳化硅和其他合适的粘结剂材料。粘合剂可以允许材料具有相对导电性,使得其可使用电子放电加工工艺来加工。可以采用这种处理和其他处理来形成盘件的成品特征,盘件的成品特征允许流体流过喷嘴。此外,除了耐磨性之外,金刚石材料具有低摩擦系数,其可以有助于防止被分配的材料粘在盘件106上。
盘件106可以通过接合而连接至壳体104。优选地,该结合将壳体104和盘件106永久地彼此附接,以便形成成组的单件式组件。该结合可以是例如钎焊。在一个实施例中,钎焊可以是合金钎焊。合金钎焊可以包含钛、银、镍、铝、铟、锡和/或铜的元素。盘件和壳体也可以其他方式连接,诸如通过环氧树脂、收缩配合、压配合、机械方式等。参见图1和图2,盘件106可以沿边缘112连接至壳体104。例如,盘件可以通过壳体104和边缘112之间的钎焊接头118连接到盘件。可替代地或除了在盘件的边缘处将盘件连接到壳体之外,盘件可以在沿着盘件的主体的任何点处连接到壳体。
如上所述,盘件106的材料可以具有比壳体104的材料更大的硬度。此外,基于ASTME1820-18,壳体104的材料可以具有大于盘件106的材料的断裂韧性。在一个实施例中,壳体材料与结合介质耦接,将盘件106的金刚石材料放置于压缩状态,并在金刚石材料周围产生震动吸收机构。在盘件106与壳体104作为成组的、单一实体的情况下,壳体的韧性与接合机构创建出一种***,其允许类金刚石材料在使用期间吸收冲击,同时降低盘件材料断裂与碎裂的风险。此外,壳体104允许以为了容易处理该组件的方式捕获盘件106。例如,该组件可以通过制造操作过渡到最终使用,使碎裂的风险最小化。
参见图1、图2和图4,在一个应用中,盘件106可以限定喷嘴以微量分配流体。在关闭位置中,阀元件102坐落或接合盘件106的顶部漏斗状部分114,以关闭通道116。阀元件102可以具有区段,该区段具有与漏斗状部分114或阀座的形状和尺寸相称或相对应的形状和尺寸。在所示实施例中,阀元件102包括具有顶部部分120和底部部分122的主体。顶部部分120可以是任何形状,诸如圆柱形等。在所示实施例中,顶部部分120包括凸缘124,该凸缘124可以用于将阀元件连接到装置。底部部分122限定封闭构件,该封闭构件与盘件106的顶部部分114配合以封闭盘件的通道116。阀元件102的底部部分122限定圆锥形,该圆锥形具有与盘件106的漏斗状部分114相称的尺寸。为了关闭盘件106的通道116,阀构件102的底部部分122***盘件106的漏斗状部分/阀座中和/或与盘件106的漏斗状部分/阀座配合。
为了分配材料,致动阀元件102以在图中向上移动并且与盘件106的顶部漏斗状部分114脱离接合。这允许材料行进穿过通道116用于分配。然后,致动阀元件102以在图中向下移动,以与盘件106的顶部漏斗状部分114配合或接合,以关闭通道116。在一些应用和装置中,阀构件102的致动极快地发生并且数十亿次致动可以在非常短的时间段内发生。因此,阀元件102可以在非常短的时间内多次脱离和接合盘件106。如上所描述的,盘件106与壳体104的连接允许最小化与盘件106上的阀元件102的致动相关联的力,从而降低盘件106的金刚石材料脆性断裂的风险。
此外,最小化的摩擦导致减小的表面张力,从而允许从孔口出口产生更一致的液滴。盘件106可以由摩擦系数小于壳体104的摩擦系数的材料制成。在一个实施例中,基于ASTM G115-10(2018),盘件106的材料的静态和动态摩擦系数可以小于或等于约0.2。在其他实施例中,可以小于0.15,或小于或等于约0.1。
已经如此描述了该设备,本领域技术人员将想到不同修改和变更,这些修改和变更将在如所附权利要求书所限定的设备的范围内。

Claims (20)

1.一种阀座组件,包括:
壳体,所述壳体具有空腔;以及
盘件,所述盘件位于所述空腔内并且连接至所述壳体,所述盘件由具有大于或等于2,800kg/mm2的硬度的材料制成并且所述壳体由具有小于所述盘件的材料的硬度的材料制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件永久地附接至所述壳体。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件通过钎焊永久地附接至所述壳体。
4.根据权利要求2所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件通过钛合金钎焊永久地附接至所述壳体。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件材料包括碳化硅。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件具有大于或等于3,000kg/mm2的硬度。
7.根据权利要求1至4和6中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件的材料包括金刚石材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件中的金刚石材料的量在体积上大于79%。
9.根据权利要求7和8中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件的材料是包括所述金刚石材料和粘合剂的复合物。
10.根据权利要求7和8中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述金刚石材料包括陶瓷金刚石。
11.根据权利要求7和8中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述金刚石材料是多晶金刚石。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件限定喷嘴,所述喷嘴具有穿过所述盘件的分配通道。
13.根据权利要求12所述的阀座组件,其中,所述分配通道具有小于或等于0.012英寸(0.3mm)的孔口。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件具有小于或等于0.125英寸(3.18mm)的高度和小于或等于0.125英寸(3.18mm)的横截面宽度。
15.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件包括限定漏斗的顶部部分。
16.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件包括形成阀座的顶部部分,所述阀座被配置成用于与阀元件配合。
17.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述壳体具有比所述盘件更大的断裂韧性。
18.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件具有比所述壳体更低的摩擦系数。
19.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的阀座组件,其中,所述盘件的材料具有小于0.2的摩擦系数。
20.一种阀组件,包括根据权利要求1至17中任一项所述的阀。
CN201980061887.6A 2018-09-21 2019-09-06 组合阀座组件 Pending CN112805094A (zh)

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