CN112804702B - Multi-link air-ground data exchange link performance evaluation method based on utility function - Google Patents
Multi-link air-ground data exchange link performance evaluation method based on utility function Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a utility function-based multilink air-ground data exchange link performance evaluation method, and belongs to the field of air-ground broadband communication. The method comprises the following steps: s1: collecting performance indexes of each link, and performing matrixing on the indexes to construct a decision matrix; then, according to the service flow, introducing a fuzzy theory in fuzzy mathematics to construct a fuzzy positive and negative complementary judgment matrix; then, index weight processing is carried out on the decision matrix and the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix to obtain objective weight and subjective weight of each index; finally, combining the objective weight and the subjective weight to further obtain an objective comprehensive weight; s2: and adjusting parameters of the utility function according to different service sensibility to the indexes, changing graphs of the utility function to adapt to the requirements of different services on the indexes, processing the decision matrix, and finally obtaining a final link total utility value by accumulating and multiplying the aggregate utility. The invention improves the accuracy of the algorithm for evaluating the network performance of the multilink based on the multiple attributes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air-ground broadband communication, and relates to a multi-link air-ground data exchange link performance evaluation method based on a utility function.
Background
With the rapid development of the aerospace communication technology, ground-to-air broadband communication has become a reality, and ground-to-air communication also starts to enter civil aviation. At present, there are three main modes for providing internet access in the air in civil aviation:
(1) the adoption of satellite link to establish connection with ground network, that is, satellite communication technology, is a scheme for realizing air-ground broadband wireless communication at present.
(2) ATG technology. An Air-to-Ground (Air-to-Ground) broadband access system based on a Ground base station mainly works on the principle that a land system deploys a special base station to establish a communication link with ATG (automatic train generation) equipment built on an airplane so as to be connected into a network.
(3) Airborne wireless local area network: the local resources in the onboard local area network are browsed by using a terminal log-on machine, such as a tablet personal computer or a laptop, to log on the onboard local area network.
Network traffic access control is the basis for providing good qos (quality of service). It determines the accessibility of the network under resource availability, thus avoiding network congestion and service quality degradation for online users. Ensuring that a user can quickly select and access an optimal network from wireless networks to improve the service quality of the user is a trend of network access in the future. And the link performance evaluation is the most direct decision basis for selecting link access.
At present, there are many methods for evaluating links used in academia, including Entropy Weight Method (EWM), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), distance to solution (TOPSIS), etc. For example: in the patent application, "gray correlation and fuzzy evaluation method and system for multi-path transmission network performance" (publication number: CN110912768A), multi-path transmission network information to be evaluated is first obtained, a network performance evaluation model is established according to the network quantity information and the network evaluation index information by using a gray correlation analysis method and a fuzzy comprehensive analysis method, a membership vector value of each evaluation comment corresponding to each network in the multi-path network is calculated, and finally, the evaluation comment corresponding to the largest membership vector value is selected as a final evaluation result of each network, but for services with different service characteristics, the scheme is not applicable. The patent "a service-oriented network comprehensive performance evaluation method" (publication number: CN105207821A) adopts low-complexity FAHP to process performance parameters, calculates to obtain their weight vectors, then measures the network parameter values of the current network in real time, introduces a fuzzy membership function manner, calculates the corresponding scores of the measured values of each network parameter, and weights each score to obtain the performance evaluation index result of the service, but the weight design of this scheme is too subjective.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for evaluating performance of a multilink air-to-ground data exchange link based on a utility function, which solves the problem of evaluating network performance of multilink multiple attributes and the problem of too heavy subjective judgment caused by artificial subjective weighting, and improves accuracy of an algorithm for evaluating network performance of multilinks based on multiple attributes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a utility function-based multilink air-ground data exchange link performance evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting performance indexes of each link, and matrixing the indexes to construct a decision matrix; then, according to the service flow, introducing a fuzzy theory in fuzzy mathematics to construct a fuzzy positive and negative complementary judgment matrix; then, index weight processing is carried out on the decision matrix and the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix to obtain objective weight and subjective weight of each index; finally, combining the objective weight and the subjective weight to further obtain an objective comprehensive weight;
s2: according to different service sensitivities to the index, the parameters of the utility function are adjusted, the graph of the utility function is changed to adapt to the requirements of different services on the index, the decision matrix is processed, finally, the aggregate utility is multiplied to obtain the final total utility value of the link, and the link with the maximum utility value is selected for access.
Further, the step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
s11: collecting performance indexes in each link, including bandwidth, time delay, packet loss rate and time delay jitter of the link;
s12: establishing a decision matrix A according to the performance indexes of each link, wherein the time delay and the packet loss rate are cost-type indexes, the time delay and the packet loss rate need to be converted into benefit-type indexes in a forward mode, each index needs to be standardized in order to eliminate the influence of dimension among the indexes, and then the proportion of each index in each link is calculated to obtain a probability matrix P;
s13: calculating the information entropy of each index, judging the dispersion degree of each index, wherein the smaller the information entropy value is, the larger the dispersion degree of the index is, the larger the weight is, calculating the information entropy of each index through a probability matrix, then calculating the information utility value, and then normalizing to obtain the objective weight w of each index 0 ；
S14: by introducing the fuzzy theory in fuzzy mathematics, the fuzzy matrix is a matrix representation of fuzzy relations, according to the universe of discourse U ═ b { (b) 1 ,b 2 ,…,b n The fuzzy relation "one index is heavier than the other index }Establishing a fuzzy positive and negative complementary judgment matrix B according to the acquired degree;
s15: normalizing the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix to convert the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix into a fuzzy consistent matrix; then, summing each row of elements of the matrix by using a characteristic root method, and then normalizing to obtain the weight of a single layer, namely obtaining the subjective weight w of each index 1 ；
S16: and combining the objective weight and the subjective weight obtained in the steps S13 and S14, dynamically adjusting the ratio of the subjective weight and the objective weight according to the actual requirement of the user service to obtain the comprehensive weight:
w＝αw 0 +(1-α)w 1
wherein, alpha is a parameter for dynamically adjusting the subjective-objective weight ratio.
Further, in step S13, the calculation formula of the information utility value is:
wherein e is j And (3) expressing the information entropy of the jth index, wherein m is the total number of indexes, and n is the total number of links.
Further, in step S2, the expression of the utility function is:
wherein a and b are parameters of the utility function respectively;
constructing proper utility function u for each attribute j (x) And obtaining a corresponding utility value matrix through the utility function:
then, accumulating and multiplying the aggregation utility function to obtain the total utility value of the link, wherein the maximum utility value is the selected network;
where U (x) is the total utility value of the link, w i And m is the total index number of each link.
Further, in step S2, according to different sensitivities of the service to the index, the values of the parameter a and the parameter b are adjusted so that the function can adapt to the service characteristics better within a certain range of the index value, so that the function has more flexibility, and then the decision matrix is processed by the utility function corresponding to each index to obtain a corresponding utility value matrix.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the subjective and objective weight vectors of the indexes are respectively solved by introducing the definition of the information entropy in the information theory and the fuzzy theory in the fuzzy mathematics, and then the final utility value of each link is finally obtained by accumulating and multiplying the aggregate utility according to the utility function of each index under each service, so that the overall performance of each link is completely represented. The invention improves the accuracy of the algorithm for evaluating the network performance of the multilink based on the multiple attributes.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
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For a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating performance of a multilink air-to-ground data exchange link based on a utility function according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical model framework.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 2, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating performance of a multilink air-ground data exchange link based on a utility function according to an embodiment of the present invention. The air-ground data exchange needs multiple links, each link has multiple attributes, each index of each link has respective properties and characteristics, and if the judgment of each index of each link has subjectivity, the result is greatly influenced. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting parameter indexes of each link, including link packet loss rate, time delay, bandwidth utilization rate and time delay jitter, and establishing a decision matrix A, as shown in formula (1):
wherein n is total number of links, m is total number of indexes, and matrix element a ij The value of (i 1,2, …, n, j 1,2, …, m) is a positive number greater than 0, and represents the actual value of each index. Obtaining objective constant weight w of each index by introducing information entropy 0 。
S2: for various services, such as conversational services, the bandwidth requirements are low, butThe requirement on time delay is high, the high time delay can influence the fluency of communication, thereby influencing the service experience of users, therefore, in the services, the time delay proportion is highest, a subjective attribute decision matrix is constructed according to the thought, and the subjective weight w is solved by introducing a fuzzy theory 1 。
S3: the subjective and objective weight w is obtained from equation (2).
w＝αw 0 +(1-α)w 1 (2)
S4: constructing a proper utility function for each index, wherein a sigmoid function is selected as the utility function in the method, and the formula (3) is as follows:
and according to the service characteristics, setting utility functions aiming at each index, wherein the utility functions can adapt to different service requirements by changing the shapes of function graphs.
S5: constructing proper utility function u for each attribute j (x) And obtaining a corresponding utility value matrix through the utility function:
s6: by multiplying the aggregate utility function, as in (5):
and finally obtaining the total utility value of the link, wherein the network with the maximum utility value is the selected network.
Step S1 specifically includes:
1) after the decision matrix a in step S1 is normalized and normalized, the proportion of the ith sample in the jth index is calculated, and the proportion is regarded as the probability used in the relative entropy calculation, and the normalized matrix is obtained through the previous processing:
computing a probability matrix P, where each element P in P ij The formula (7) is shown as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
namely, the probability sum corresponding to each index is ensured to be 1.
2) After the probability matrix is obtained, calculating the information entropy of each index, calculating the information utility value, normalizing to obtain the entropy weight of each index, wherein for the jth index, the calculation of the information entropy is shown as a formula (8):
definition of information utility value:
d j ＝1-e j (9)
the entropy weight of each index can be obtained by normalizing the information utility value, namely the constant weight of each index:
step S2 specifically includes: from multiple attributes, a hierarchical model is constructed: goals, criteria, and scenarios, as shown in fig. 2.
1) The relative importance of the indices is evaluated according to the scaling method defined in table 1 below to form a fuzzy positive-complement decision matrix B:
TABLE 1 Scale of importance
Wherein, the judgment matrix B has the following properties:
b ij ＞0 (12)
b ii ＝b jj ＝0.5 (13)
b ij +b ji ＝1 (14)
2) normalizing the fuzzy positive and negative complementary judgment matrix to convert the fuzzy positive and negative complementary judgment matrix into a fuzzy consistent matrix, then summing elements of each row of the matrix by using a characteristic root method, and then normalizing to obtain a single-layer weight, namely obtaining a subjective weight w of each index 1 。
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A utility function-based multilink air-ground data exchange link performance evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: collecting performance indexes of each link, and matrixing the indexes to construct a decision matrix; then, according to the service flow, introducing a fuzzy theory in fuzzy mathematics to construct a fuzzy positive and negative complementary judgment matrix; then, index weight processing is carried out on the decision matrix and the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix to obtain objective weight and subjective weight of each index; finally, combining the objective weight and the subjective weight to further obtain an objective comprehensive weight;
s2: according to different service sensitivities to the index, adjusting the parameter of the utility function, changing the graph of the utility function to adapt to the requirements of different services on the index, processing the decision matrix, finally obtaining the final total utility value of the link by accumulating the aggregate utility, and selecting the link with the maximum utility value for accessing;
the expression of the utility function is:
wherein a and b are dynamic adjustable parameters of the utility function respectively;
constructing proper utility function u for each attribute j (x) And obtaining a corresponding utility value matrix through the utility function:
then, accumulating and multiplying the aggregation utility function to obtain the total utility value of the link, wherein the maximum utility value is the selected network;
where U (x) is the total utility value of the link, w i And m is the total index number of each link.
2. The method for evaluating the performance of the multi-link air-ground data exchange link according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 specifically comprises the steps of:
s11: collecting performance indexes in each link, including bandwidth, time delay, packet loss rate and time delay jitter of the link;
s12: establishing a decision matrix A according to the performance indexes of each link, carrying out standardization processing on each index, and then calculating the proportion of each index in each link to obtain a probability matrix P;
s13: calculate each fingerTarget information entropy, then calculating information utility value, and then normalizing to obtain objective weight w of each index 0 ；
S14: by introducing the fuzzy theory in fuzzy mathematics, the fuzzy matrix is a matrix representation of fuzzy relations, according to the universe of discourse U ═ b { (b) 1 ,b 2 ,…,b n Establishing a fuzzy positive and complementary judgment matrix B according to the fuzzy relation;
s15: normalizing the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix to convert the fuzzy positive and negative complementation judgment matrix into a fuzzy consistent matrix; then, summing elements of each row of the matrix by using a characteristic root method, and then normalizing to obtain the weight of a single layer, namely obtaining the subjective weight w of each index 1 ；
S16: and combining the objective weight and the subjective weight obtained in the steps S13 and S15, dynamically adjusting the ratio of the subjective weight and the objective weight according to the actual requirement of the user service to obtain the comprehensive weight:
w＝αw 0 +(1-α)w 1
wherein, alpha is a parameter for dynamically adjusting the subjective-objective weight ratio.
3. The method for evaluating performance of a multilink air-ground data exchange link according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, according to different sensitivities of a service to an index, values of the parameter a and the parameter b are adjusted so that the function can adapt to service characteristics well within a certain range of an index value, and then the decision matrix is processed through a utility function corresponding to each index to obtain a corresponding utility value matrix.
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