CN112803635B - Cooling system structure of permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Cooling system structure of permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112803635B CN112803635B CN202110302253.4A CN202110302253A CN112803635B CN 112803635 B CN112803635 B CN 112803635B CN 202110302253 A CN202110302253 A CN 202110302253A CN 112803635 B CN112803635 B CN 112803635B
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- stator
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- permanent magnet
- water cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/08—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium circulating wholly within the machine casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor, which comprises a motor body and the cooling system structure, wherein the motor body comprises a machine shell, a stator iron core, a stator winding, a permanent magnet, a rotor iron core and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with the rotor iron core, the rotor iron core is fixedly provided with the permanent magnet, the stator iron core is fixedly arranged on the machine shell, a stator groove is arranged on the stator iron core, the stator winding is arranged in the stator groove, an air gap is formed between the stator iron core and the permanent magnet, a plurality of water cooling plates are fixedly arranged on the stator iron core along the circumferential direction, and cooling water pipes are arranged on the water cooling plates and used for communicating; a group of adjacent water cooling plates are respectively connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; an axial air duct is arranged between the shell and the stator core; a centrifugal fan is arranged on one end part of the rotating shaft. The permanent magnet motor cooling system scheme is suitable for a high-power-density motor, has strong applicability, high cooling efficiency and a simple structure, ensures the reliable operation of the motor and reduces the manufacturing cost of the motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a cooling system structure of a high-power-density permanent magnet motor.
Background
The existing motor cooling system is mainly divided into an air cooling system, a water cooling system and a mixed cooling system, and the specific heat capacity of liquid cooling media such as water, oil and the like is larger than that of gas, so that the cooling effect is better than that of air cooling. The traditional water cooling mode is usually shell water cooling, the coolant is far away from a heat source, and particularly for a rotor, the heat dissipation effect is poor, so that the safety performance of the motor is influenced; in addition, a cooling pipeline is inserted into the stator, for example, a stator slot and a stator yoke are inserted into the cooling pipeline, in chinese patent CN211183564U, the cooling pipeline is inserted into the stator slot, although the cooling mode is close to the distance from the heat source, the in-slot cooling pipeline occupies the in-slot space, and is not suitable for a multi-slot structure motor of the stator, the structure is complex, and the assembly difficulty is high. There is also a cooling method in which the cooling liquid directly contacts with the heat source inside the motor, such as chinese patent CN112271858A, which has a good effect, but has a high requirement for sealing, many cooling device components, a complex cooling structure, and a high cost, and the cooling medium can only be oil.
In conclusion, the traditional water cooling mode has poor heat dissipation effect and influences the safety performance of the motor; the mode of inserting the cooling pipeline has a complex structure and high assembly difficulty; the cooling liquid mode has higher sealing requirement, more cooling device parts and complex cooling structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a cooling system structure of a high-power-density permanent magnet motor, and aims to solve the problems that the existing cooling structure is poor in heat dissipation effect, influences the safety performance of the motor, is complex in structure and the like. The permanent magnet motor cooling system scheme is suitable for a high-power-density motor, has strong applicability, high cooling efficiency and a simple structure, ensures the reliable operation of the motor and reduces the manufacturing cost of the motor.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor comprises a motor body and a cooling system structure arranged on the motor body, wherein the motor body comprises a machine shell, a stator core, a stator winding, a permanent magnet, a rotor core and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with the rotor core, the rotor core is fixedly provided with the permanent magnet, the stator core is fixedly arranged on the machine shell, a stator slot is arranged on the stator core, the stator winding is arranged in the stator slot, an air gap is formed between the stator core and the permanent magnet, the cooling system structure comprises water cooling plates and a centrifugal fan, a plurality of water cooling plates are fixedly arranged on the stator core along the circumferential direction, and cooling water pipes are arranged on the water cooling plates and used for communicating the adjacent water cooling plates; a group of adjacent water cooling plates are respectively connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; an axial air duct is arranged between the shell and the stator core; a centrifugal fan is arranged on one end part of the rotating shaft.
The water cooling plate is of an n-shaped structure and is divided into an axial section and a radial section, two ends of the axial section are vertically communicated with the radial section to form the n-shaped structure, the axial section is in close contact with the shell and the excircle of the stator core, and the radial section is in close contact with end parts of two ends of the stator core and the stator winding.
Heat exchange fins are welded on two side faces of the axial section.
The stator winding is wound directly on the radial segment.
The water-cooling plate is a high-strength alloy water-cooling plate.
Adjacent water cooling plates are sequentially connected in series end to end through cooling water pipes to form a communicated cooling pipeline, a group of adjacent water cooling plates are respectively connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and the group of adjacent water cooling plates are not communicated and are used as an inlet and an outlet of the cooling pipeline.
Stator core's card slot is provided with along the circumferencial direction array to stator core, and the casing is provided with the casing card slot along the circumferencial direction array, and stator core card slot and casing card slot are corresponding, the water-cooling board that corresponds of common centre gripping.
The centrifugal fan and the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged to drive cooling air to circulate in the motor in a closed manner.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the cooling system structure provided by the invention has the advantages that the distance between the coolant and the heat source is shortened by arranging the water cooling plate, and the cooling efficiency is high. The difficult refrigerated stator winding tip can directly give the water-cooling board with heat transfer through direct and water-cooling board contact, and then gets rid of the motor outside through the cooling water in the water-cooling board. According to newton's law of heat dissipation, the heat transferred by thermal conduction is:
according to the invention, the heat resistance in the heat transfer process is reduced by shortening the heat transfer path of the stator winding, so that the heat transferred from the stator winding to the outside is improved.
Furthermore, the water-cooling plate fixes the shell and the stator core through the clamping groove, and assembly is easy. The axial air channel is naturally formed after the machine shell, the stator core and the water cooling plate are assembled, and an air channel does not need to be additionally arranged in the machine shell.
Furthermore, cooling air is circulated in the motor in a closed mode, so that dust in external air is prevented from entering the motor, and the cost of cleaning and maintaining is reduced. Heat exchange fins are welded on two sides of the axial section of the water cooling plate, so that the contact area of the water cooling plate and cooling air is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, and the cooling efficiency of the rotor is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a Pi-shaped water cooling plate;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a cooling structure;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a cooling structure;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a stator core and a casing;
FIG. 5 is a view showing a connection structure of the water-cooled panels;
FIG. 6 shows the air temperature distribution of the axial air duct after heat exchange fins are welded on both sides of the axial section of the water cooling plate;
FIG. 7 shows the air temperature distribution of the axial air duct without heat exchange fins welded to both sides of the axial section of the water cooling plate;
description of reference numerals: 1. the air-cooled motor comprises a shell, 2, a stator core, 3, a stator winding, 4, stator slots, 5, permanent magnets, 6, a rotor core, 7, a rotating shaft, 8, a water-cooled plate, 9, heat exchange fins, 10, an axial air duct, 11, an air gap, 12, a centrifugal fan, 13, a stator core clamping groove, 14, a shell clamping groove, 15, a water-cooled plate axial section, 16, a water-cooled plate radial section, 17, a water inlet pipe, 18, a water outlet pipe, 19 and a cooling water pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to newton's law of heat dissipation, the heat transferred by thermal conduction is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
is thermal conduction;
、
the temperature of both sides of the solid;
is the coefficient of thermal conductivity;
a thermal conduction distance for heat transfer;
a heat conducting area for heat transfer;
to pass through heat conducting area
The heat transferred.
According to the invention, the stator winding and the water cooling plate are arranged close to the wall, so that the heat transfer path of the stator winding is shortened, the thermal resistance in the heat transfer process is reduced, and the heat transferred from the stator winding to the outside is further improved.
The heat transferred by thermal convection is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
heat for convective heat dissipation;
is the convective heat dissipation coefficient;
is the contact area of the solid and the fluid;
a temperature that is a solid;
is the temperature of the fluid.
According to the invention, the heat exchange fins are welded on the two sides of the axial section of the water cooling plate, so that the contact area between fluid and solid is increased, and the heat of convective heat exchange is improved.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor includes a motor body and a cooling system structure disposed on the motor body, where the motor body includes a casing 1, a stator core 2, a stator winding 3, a permanent magnet 5, a rotor core 6 and a rotating shaft 7, the rotating shaft 7 is fixedly connected with the rotor core 6 through a shrink fit process, the rotor core is fixedly provided with the permanent magnet 5 through gluing, the stator core 2 is provided with a stator slot 4, the stator winding 3 is disposed in the stator slot 4 of the stator core 2, and an air gap 11 is disposed between the stator core 2 and the permanent magnet 5. The cooling system structure comprises a water-cooling plate 8 and a centrifugal fan 12, a stator core clamping groove 13 is arranged on the outer side of a stator core 2 along the circumferential direction, a casing clamping groove 14 is arranged on the inner side of a casing 1 along the circumferential direction, the water-cooling plate 8 is fixedly connected to the stator core 2 and the casing 1 through the stator core clamping groove 13 and the casing clamping groove 14, the stator core 2 and the casing 1 are fixedly connected together through the water-cooling plate 8, a ventilation gap is formed between the stator core 2 and the casing 1, an axial air duct 10 is formed, and namely the gap between adjacent water-cooling plates 8 is the axial air duct 10. The centrifugal fan 12 is fixedly sleeved at the right end of the rotating shaft 7, the rotating shaft 7 is fixedly connected with front and rear end covers through bearings, and the front and rear end covers are fixed on the machine shell 1 through bolts.
As shown in fig. 1, the water cooling plate 8 is of an n-shaped structure, the water cooling plate 8 fixedly mounted in the circumferential direction of the stator core is divided into an axial section 15 of the water cooling plate and a radial section 16 of the water cooling plate, two ends of the axial section 15 are vertically communicated with the radial section 16 to form the n-shaped structure, and the axial section 15 of the water cooling plate is fixedly connected to the stator core 2 and the housing 1 through a stator core slot 13 and a housing slot 14. Heat exchange fins 9 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the water cooling plate axial section 15 through soldering tin, and the heat exchange fins 9 are arranged in the axial air duct 10 between the machine shell 1 and the stator core 2. The heat exchange fins 9 are used for increasing the contact area between the cooling air and the water cooling plate 8 and enhancing the heat exchange capacity between the cooling air and the water cooling plate 8. The radial section 16 of the water cooling plate is tightly contacted with two end faces of the stator core 2, and the radial section 16 of the water cooling plate 8 is bound with the stator core 2 through the stator winding 3. The stator winding 3 and the water cooling plate 8 are arranged close to the wall, so that the heat transfer path of the stator winding is shortened, the thermal resistance in the heat transfer process is reduced, and the heat transferred from the stator winding to the outside is further improved.
The water cooling plate 8 is a high-strength high-heat-conductivity alloy water cooling plate, and the heat transfer efficiency is enhanced. The water-cooling plates 8 are arrayed along the circumferential direction of the stator core 2, so that cooling is more uniform, the adjacent water-cooling plates 8 are sequentially connected in series end to end through cooling water pipes 19, cooling water can be completely filled in the water-cooling plates 8, and communicated cooling pipelines are formed. A group of adjacent water-cooling plates 8 are respectively connected with a water inlet pipe 17 and a water outlet pipe 18, and the group of adjacent water-cooling plates 8 are not communicated and are used as an inlet and an outlet of cooling liquid in the cooling pipeline.
Stator iron core slots 13 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator iron core 2 in an array mode, housing slots 14 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the housing 1 in an array mode, the stator iron core slots 13 correspond to the housing slots 14, and the corresponding water cooling plates 8 are clamped together. The cooling device is used for fixedly installing the water cooling plate 8, so that the water cooling plate 8 is more stably positioned between the stator core 2 and the machine shell 1 to form a whole, the distance between a coolant and a heat source is shortened, and the cooling efficiency is improved. Can be with the difficult refrigerated stator winding tip through direct and water-cooling board 8 contact, can be directly with heat transfer to water-cooling board 8, simultaneously, easy assembly. The axial air channel is naturally formed after the machine shell, the stator core and the water cooling plate are assembled, and an air channel does not need to be additionally arranged in the machine shell.
The centrifugal fan 12 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 7 and rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 7 to drive cooling air to circulate in the motor in a closed mode. After absorbing heat generated by the permanent magnet 5 and the rotor core 6, air in the air gap 11 flows through the fan blades of the centrifugal fan 12 under the action of the centrifugal fan 1, is thrown to the axial air duct 10 by the fan blades of the centrifugal fan 12, transfers the heat to the water cooling plate 8, completes heat exchange between the water cooling plate 8 and hot air, and finally discharges the heat out of the motor through water circulation in the water cooling plate 8.
The cooling system structure of the permanent magnet motor is a liquid cooling and air cooling mixed cooling structure, heat generated by the stator iron core 2 and the stator winding 3 of the motor is discharged out of the motor through cooling water in the water cooling plate 8, heat generated by the permanent magnet 5 and the rotor iron core 6 is transferred to the water cooling plate 8 through cooling air circulating in the motor, and is discharged out of the motor through the cooling water in the water cooling plate 8. The cooling air in the system is circulated in the motor in a closed manner, so that dust in the outside air is prevented from entering the motor, and the procedures of cleaning and maintenance are reduced.
And performing heat exchange simulation on the water-cooling plate with the heat exchange fins, the water-cooling plate without the heat exchange fins and the axial air duct fluid respectively through ANSYS Fluent finite element software, wherein the calculation results are shown in FIGS. 6-7. The result shows that compared with the condition that the heat exchange fins are not welded on the two sides of the axial section of the water cooling plate, after the heat exchange fins are welded on the two sides of the axial section of the water cooling plate, the air in the axial air duct is reduced by 13.36C, and the heat exchange efficiency of the water cooling plate with the heat exchange fins is improved by 11.13%.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a permanent magnet motor cooling system structure, include motor body and set up the cooling system structure on motor body, motor body includes casing (1), stator core (2), stator winding (3), permanent magnet (5), rotor core (6) and pivot (7), be provided with rotor core (6) on pivot (7), be fixed with permanent magnet (5) on rotor core (6), stator core (2) are fixed in on casing (1), and be provided with stator slot (4) on stator core (2), stator winding (3) set up in stator slot (4), be air gap (11) between stator core (2) and permanent magnet (5), its characterized in that:
a plurality of water cooling plates (8) are fixed on the stator core (2) along the circumferential direction, and cooling water pipes (19) are arranged on the water cooling plates (8) and used for communicating the adjacent water cooling plates (8); a group of adjacent water cooling plates (8) are respectively connected with a water inlet pipe (17) and a water outlet pipe (18); an axial air duct (10) is arranged between the machine shell (1) and the stator core (2); a centrifugal fan (12) is arranged on one end part of the rotating shaft (7);
the water cooling plate (8) is of an n-shaped structure, the water cooling plate (8) is divided into an axial section (15) and a radial section (16), two ends of the axial section (15) are vertically communicated with the radial section (16) to form the n-shaped structure, the axial section (15) is in close contact with the outer circles of the shell (1) and the stator core (2), and the radial section (16) is in close contact with end portions of two ends of the stator core (2) and the stator winding (3).
2. The cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: heat exchange fins (9) are welded on two side faces of the axial section (15).
3. The cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator winding (3) is wound directly on the radial section (16).
4. The cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water cooling plate (8) is a high-strength alloy water cooling plate.
5. The cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjacent water cooling plates (8) are sequentially connected in series end to end through cooling water pipes (19) to form a communicated cooling pipeline, a water inlet pipe (17) and a water outlet pipe (18) are respectively connected to one group of adjacent water cooling plates (8), and the group of adjacent water cooling plates (8) are not communicated and are used as an inlet and an outlet of the cooling pipeline.
6. The cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: stator iron core slots (13) are arranged in the stator iron core (2) in an array mode along the circumferential direction, shell slots (14) are arranged in the shell (1) in an array mode along the circumferential direction, the stator iron core slots (13) correspond to the shell slots (14), and the stator iron core slots and the shell slots clamp corresponding water cooling plates (8) together.
7. The cooling system structure of a permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centrifugal fan (12) and the rotating shaft (7) are coaxially arranged to drive cooling air to circulate in the motor in a closed manner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110302253.4A CN112803635B (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2021-03-22 | Cooling system structure of permanent magnet motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110302253.4A CN112803635B (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2021-03-22 | Cooling system structure of permanent magnet motor |
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| CN112803635A CN112803635A (en) | 2021-05-14 |
| CN112803635B true CN112803635B (en) | 2021-06-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115800576B (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-06-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | Permanent magnet motor with high-efficiency air-water mixed cooling system |
| CN116111748B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2024-02-13 | 湖南大学 | Reinforced synchronous heat dissipation stator structure |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208539670U (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-02-22 | 苏州保邦电气有限公司 | Winding water cooling microlight-type axial-flux electric machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5260591B2 (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2013-08-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Permanent magnet rotating electrical machine and wind power generation system |
| KR20120134505A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2012-12-12 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Switched reluctance motor |
| CN102983680A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-03-20 | 沈阳工业大学 | Air and water hybrid cooling high-speed permanent-magnet motor |
| CN105634163A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-01 | 福建亚南电机有限公司 | Permanent magnetic drive motor with built-in water channel |
| CN206180727U (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-17 | 沈阳工业大学 | Mixed ventilation and cooling system of permanent magnetism traction motor |
| CN207853631U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-09-11 | 江苏祝尔慷电机节能技术有限公司 | Water-cooling permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208539670U (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-02-22 | 苏州保邦电气有限公司 | Winding water cooling microlight-type axial-flux electric machine |
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