CN112794393B - Solar distillation device combined with phase-change heat storage material - Google Patents
Solar distillation device combined with phase-change heat storage material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112794393B CN112794393B CN202110241801.7A CN202110241801A CN112794393B CN 112794393 B CN112794393 B CN 112794393B CN 202110241801 A CN202110241801 A CN 202110241801A CN 112794393 B CN112794393 B CN 112794393B
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/18—Transportable devices to obtain potable water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/10—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using latent heat
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solar distillation device combined with a phase change heat storage material, which comprises a supporting part I with heat energy absorption and release functions, a storage part with a containing cavity and a supporting part II with steam condensation and heat energy release functions, wherein two ends of the storage part are respectively connected with the supporting part I and the supporting part II to form a closed container structure, two collecting mechanisms for collecting condensed fresh water are arranged in the storage part, and the collecting mechanisms are communicated with a fresh water outlet. The invention is designed into a cup shape, achieves the purpose of portability, and can be used for seeking survival at sea and in a barren island; the Z-shaped water collecting tank can collect water when the device is arranged in the normal direction and inverted direction; the inclined top cover ensures the efficient collection of condensed water and the full contact between sewage/seawater and the top cover when the top cover is inverted; the top cover is provided with the phase change heat storage material, so that the condensation efficiency can be improved by taking the phase change heat storage material as a cold source, the heat energy released by condensation can be recovered, the heating time is prolonged, and the water production efficiency can be roughly improved by at least 25%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sea water desalination, in particular to a solar distillation device combined with a phase change heat storage material.
Background
In the prior art, the basic principle is that sunlight directly irradiates sewage/seawater for evaporation, and inclined glass plate condensed water vapor is arranged at the top of the device, so that the device has a simple structure and lower efficiency. In order to improve efficiency, or by using a phase change heat storage material below the liquid level, surplus solar energy is absorbed to release when the solar energy is weak, so that the solar energy utilization rate is improved; or the condensing effect is improved by installing a cooling water pipe on the glass plate.
In the existing equipment, the phase change heat storage material is used for improving the solar heating efficiency, but part of heat energy from solar energy is wasted in the condensation process; although the use of a cooling water pipe improves the condensing efficiency, the flow of cooling water requires energy to drive.
Disclosure of Invention
The use of phase change thermal storage materials in the prior devices according to the above proposal increases the solar heating efficiency, but still some of the thermal energy from the solar energy is wasted during condensation; although the cooling water pipe is used for improving condensation efficiency, the flow of the cooling water needs energy to drive the technical problem, and a solar distillation device combined with a phase change heat storage material is provided. The invention heats and evaporates sewage or seawater mainly by direct solar radiation, and absorbs redundant solar energy and heat energy by using the phase change heat storage material, thereby improving the solar energy utilization rate and condensation efficiency and achieving the purpose of improving the water yield. The invention is designed into a cup shape, achieves the purpose of portability, and can be used for seeking survival at sea and in a barren island; the Z-shaped water collecting tank can collect water when the device is arranged in the normal direction and inverted direction; the inclined top cover ensures the efficient collection of condensed water and the full contact between sewage/seawater and the top cover when the top cover is inverted; the top cover is provided with the phase change heat storage material, so that the condensation efficiency can be improved by taking the phase change heat storage material as a cold source, the heat energy released by condensation can be recovered, the heating time is prolonged, and the water production efficiency can be roughly improved by at least 25%.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
a solar distillation apparatus incorporating a phase change thermal storage material, comprising: the device comprises a supporting part I with the functions of absorbing and releasing heat energy, a storage part with a containing chamber and a supporting part II with the functions of condensing steam and releasing heat energy, wherein two ends of the storage part are respectively connected with the supporting part I and the supporting part II to form a closed container structure, two collecting mechanisms for collecting condensed fresh water are arranged in the storage part, and the collecting mechanisms are communicated with a fresh water outlet;
During daytime, the distillation device is arranged vertically, the supporting part I is arranged below, the supporting part II is arranged above, sunlight is injected into the distillation device through the storage part and heats sewage/seawater in the storage part, meanwhile, the supporting part I absorbs redundant solar energy and stores the redundant solar energy, water vapor flows upwards, is condensed by the storage part and the supporting part II, and condensed fresh water is collected by the collecting mechanism and is led out through the fresh water outlet; when the solar energy is weakened or the sun falls down, the supporting part I releases heat, and sewage/seawater is continuously heated to prepare fresh water; at night, the distillation device is inverted, the supporting part II is arranged below, the supporting part I is arranged above, the sewage/seawater is positioned on the side of the supporting part II, the supporting part II releases heat due to lower ambient temperature, the sewage/seawater is evaporated, the steam is condensed by the storage part and the supporting part I, the condensed fresh water is collected by the collecting mechanism, and the condensed fresh water flows out through the fresh water outlet.
Further, the storage part is a cylindrical glass body, and the backlight part of the storage part is covered with tinfoil to reflect sunlight back into the cup body, so that the storage rate of solar energy in the device is improved.
Further, the supporting part I is a hollow cake-shaped base structure, and the supporting part II is a hollow concave cake-shaped inclined top cover structure, so that the efficient collection of condensed water is ensured, and the sewage/seawater is ensured to be fully contacted with the top cover structure when the device is inverted.
Further, the support part I is internally filled with a first phase-change heat storage material with the phase-change temperature of about 60 ℃ and is used for absorbing surplus solar energy when direct sunlight is emitted and releasing the surplus solar energy when the solar energy is insufficient.
Further, the support part II is internally filled with a second phase change heat storage material with the phase change temperature of about 45 ℃ for condensing steam and releasing heat energy at night.
Further, the two collecting mechanisms are respectively arranged at the position, close to the supporting part I, on the storage part and at the lower part of the supporting part II, wherein the collecting mechanism arranged at the lower part of the supporting part II is pressed between the supporting part II and the storage part when the supporting part II is closed, and the collecting mechanism arranged on the storage part is stuck on the storage part.
Further, the collecting mechanism is a water collecting tank structure with a zigzag section and a circular ring shape, and consists of an inner tank I and an outer tank II of the water collecting mechanism, wherein the inner tank I and the outer tank II of the water collecting mechanism are connected and arranged in a zigzag shape; the opening direction of the inner groove I of the water collecting mechanism faces the supporting part II and is connected with the inner wall of the storage part, and the opening direction of the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism faces the supporting part I; during daytime, when the distillation device is in the normal position, condensed fresh water is collected through the inner groove I of the water collecting mechanism; at night, when the distillation device is inverted, condensed fresh water is collected through the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism. The inner groove is a groove near the wall surface of the glass body.
Further, the fresh water outlets are round small holes with threads, the fresh water outlets are respectively positioned at the lowest part of the Z-shaped collecting mechanism and above and below the collecting mechanism, at least 1 fresh water outlet is drilled on the supporting part II, and at least 3 fresh water outlets are drilled on the storage part for fresh water outflow; the fresh water outlet is internally and respectively connected with a cock or a screwed joint in a matched manner and used for controlling the opening and closing of the fresh water outlet; the cock is solid external screw thread cylindric structure, screwed joint is cavity external screw thread cylindric structure.
Further, the supporting part I is fixedly connected with the storage part in an adhesive mode; the support part II is connected with the storage part in a buckling way, one side of the support part II is provided with a pivot to be connected, the opposite side of the support part II is provided with a snap fastener for introducing sewage/fresh water, and the liquid level of the sewage/fresh water is lower than that of the lowest collecting mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the solar distillation device combined with the phase-change heat storage material provided by the invention is designed into a cup shape, achieves the purpose of portability, and can be used for survival of the sea and the barren island.
2. The Z-shaped water collecting tank of the solar distillation device combined with the phase-change heat storage material can collect water when the device is arranged in the normal direction and inverted direction; the inclined top cover ensures the efficient collection of condensed water and the full contact between sewage/seawater and the top cover when the top cover is inverted; the top cover is provided with the phase change heat storage material, so that the condensation efficiency can be improved by taking the phase change heat storage material as a cold source, the heat energy released by condensation can be recovered, the heating time is prolonged, and the water production efficiency can be roughly improved by at least 25%.
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the problems that the existing equipment uses the phase change heat storage material to improve the solar heating efficiency, but still part of heat energy from solar energy is wasted in the condensation process; although the use of the cooling water pipe improves the condensing efficiency, the flow of the cooling water requires energy driving.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of energy conservation, environmental protection, sewage treatment, sea water desalination industry and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram (front view) of a phase-change heat-storage solar distillation apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram (inverted diagram) of a phase-change heat-storage solar distillation apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a glass body; 3. a top cover; 4. tinfoil; 5. a water collecting tank I; 6. a water collecting tank II; 7. a fresh water outlet I; 8. a fresh water outlet II; 9. a fresh water outlet III; 10. a fresh water outlet IV; 11. a cock; 12. a threaded joint.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
As shown in the drawings, the present invention provides a solar distillation apparatus incorporating a phase change thermal storage material, comprising: the device comprises a supporting part I with the functions of absorbing and releasing heat energy, a storing part with a containing chamber and a supporting part II with the functions of condensing steam and releasing heat energy, wherein two ends of the storing part are respectively connected with the supporting part I and the supporting part II to form a closed container structure, two collecting mechanisms for collecting condensed fresh water are arranged in the storing part, and the collecting mechanisms are communicated with a fresh water outlet.
During daytime, the distillation device is arranged vertically, the supporting part I is arranged below, the supporting part II is arranged above, sunlight is injected into the distillation device through the storage part and heats sewage/seawater in the storage part, meanwhile, the supporting part I absorbs redundant solar energy and stores the redundant solar energy, water vapor flows upwards, is condensed by the storage part and the supporting part II, and condensed fresh water is collected by the collecting mechanism and is led out through the fresh water outlet; when the solar energy is weakened or the sun falls down, the supporting part I releases heat, and sewage/seawater is continuously heated to prepare fresh water; at night, the distillation device is inverted, the supporting part II is arranged below, the supporting part I is arranged above, the sewage/seawater is positioned on the side of the supporting part II, the supporting part II releases heat due to lower ambient temperature, the sewage/seawater is evaporated, the steam is condensed by the storage part and the supporting part I, the condensed fresh water is collected by the collecting mechanism, and the condensed fresh water flows out through the fresh water outlet.
Preferably, the storage part is a cylindrical glass body 2, and the backlight part is covered with tinfoil 4 to reflect sunlight back into the cup body, thereby improving the storage rate of solar energy in the device.
Preferably, the support part I is internally filled with a first phase-change heat storage material with a phase-change temperature of about 60 ℃ for absorbing surplus solar energy when direct solar radiation is performed and releasing the surplus solar energy when the solar energy is insufficient.
Preferably, the support part II is internally filled with a second phase-change heat storage material with a phase-change temperature of about 45 ℃ for condensing steam and releasing heat energy at night.
Preferably, the two collecting mechanisms are respectively arranged on the storage part at a position close to the supporting part I and at the lower part of the supporting part II, wherein the collecting mechanism arranged at the lower part of the supporting part II is pressed between the supporting part II and the storage part when the supporting part II is closed, and the collecting mechanism arranged on the storage part is stuck on the storage part.
Preferably, the collecting mechanism is a water collecting tank structure with a zigzag section and a circular ring shape, and consists of an inner tank I and an outer tank II of the water collecting mechanism, wherein the inner tank I and the outer tank II of the water collecting mechanism are connected and arranged in a zigzag shape; the opening direction of the inner groove I of the water collecting mechanism faces the supporting part II and is connected with the inner wall of the storage part, and the opening direction of the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism faces the supporting part I; during daytime, when the distillation device is in the normal position, condensed fresh water is collected through the inner groove I of the water collecting mechanism; at night, when the distillation device is inverted, condensed fresh water is collected through the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism.
Preferably, the fresh water outlets are round small holes with threads, and the fresh water outlets are respectively positioned at the lowest part of the Z-shaped collecting mechanism and above and below the collecting mechanism, wherein at least 1 fresh water outlet is drilled on the supporting part II, and at least 3 fresh water outlets are drilled on the storage part for fresh water outflow; the fresh water outlet is internally and respectively connected with a cock 11 or a screwed joint 12 in a matching way and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the fresh water outlet; the cock 11 has a solid external thread cylindrical structure, and the screw joint 12 has a hollow external thread cylindrical structure.
Preferably, the supporting part I is fixedly connected with the storage part in an adhesive manner; the support part II is connected with the storage part in a buckling way, one side of the support part II is provided with a pivot to be connected, the opposite side of the support part II is provided with a snap fastener for introducing sewage/fresh water, and the liquid level of the sewage/fresh water is lower than that of the lowest collecting mechanism.
Preferably, the support part I is a hollow cake-shaped base structure, and the support part II is a hollow concave cake-shaped inclined top cover structure, so that the efficient collection of condensed water is ensured, and the sewage/seawater is ensured to be fully contacted with the top cover structure when the device is inverted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a solar distillation apparatus combined with a phase change heat storage material has a structure similar to a glass thermos cup, and comprises a base 1 (hollow cake-shaped), a glass body 2 (cylindrical), a top cover 3 (hollow concave cake-shaped), 2 water collecting tanks (zigzag section circular ring-shaped), tinfoil 4 (rectangular), 4 fresh water outlets (threaded circular small holes), 4 cocks 11 (solid external thread cylindrical) and a screwed joint 12 (hollow external thread cylindrical). The top cover 3 is of an inclined structure, and the base 1 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane when the top cover is inverted, so that the efficient collection of condensed water can be ensured no matter the distillation device is arranged right or inverted, and meanwhile, the sewage/seawater can be ensured to be fully contacted with the top cover structure when the top cover is inverted.
The base 1 is fixedly connected with the glass body 2 in an adhesive mode, and the base 1 is filled with a phase change heat storage material (PCM 1),PCM1 is used for absorbing surplus solar energy when direct sunlight is emitted and released when the solar energy is insufficient; the backlight part of the glass body 2 is covered with the tinfoil 4, so that sunlight is reflected back into the cup body, and the storage rate of solar energy in the device is improved; the top cover 3 is connected with the glass body 2 in a buckling way (one side is provided with a pivot connection, the other side is provided with a snap fastener) and is used for introducing sewage/fresh water, the liquid level of the sewage/fresh water is lower than that of a water collecting tank (close to the base 1), and the inside of the top cover 3 is filled with a phase change heat storage material with the phase change temperature of about 45 ℃ (PCM 2),PCM2 is used for condensing steam and releasing heat energy at night; the 2 water collecting tanks are respectively a water collecting tank I5 and a water collecting tank II 6, which are Z-shaped water collecting tanks, the water collecting tank II 6 is positioned at the lower part of the top cover 3, the water collecting tank I5 is positioned at the position of the glass body 2 close to the base 1, condensed fresh water is collected, the water collecting tank at the lower part of the top cover 3 is pressed between the top cover 3 and the glass body 2 when the top cover 3 is closed, the water collecting tank on the glass body 2 is stuck on a cup body, the Z-shaped water collecting tank is composed of a water collecting mechanism inner tank I and a water collecting mechanism outer tank II, the water collecting mechanism inner tank I and the water collecting mechanism outer tank II are connected and are arranged in a Z shape, the two annular tanks with opposite opening directions are respectively used for collecting condensed fresh water in different time periods, the opening direction of the water collecting mechanism inner tank I faces the top cover 3 and is connected with the inner wall of the glass body 2, the opening direction of the water collecting mechanism outer tank II faces the base 1, the condensed fresh water is collected through the water collecting mechanism inner tank I when the distillation device is in normal state in daytime, when the distillation device is inverted, condensed fresh water is collected through the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism.
The 4 fresh water outlets are respectively formed by drilling 2 round holes at the lowest part of the Z-shaped water collecting tank and above and below the water collecting tank, wherein 1 round hole is drilled on the top cover 3, and 3 round holes are drilled on the glass body 2 for fresh water outflow. The opening and closing of the fresh water outlet is controlled by a mating tap 11 and nipple 12, respectively. The 4 fresh water outlets are respectively a fresh water outlet I7, a fresh water outlet II 8 and a fresh water outlet III 9 drilled on the glass body 2 and a fresh water outlet IV 10 drilled on the top cover 3, the fresh water outlet I7 and the fresh water outlet II 8 are arranged above and below the water collecting tank I5, and the fresh water outlet III 9 and the fresh water outlet IV 10 are arranged above and below the water collecting tank II 6.
During daytime, the distillation device is arranged vertically, the base 1 is arranged on the lower top cover 3, sunlight is injected into the device through the glass body 2 and heats sewage/seawater, meanwhile, the PCM 1 absorbs redundant solar energy and stores the redundant solar energy, water vapor flows upwards, the water vapor is condensed by the glass body 2 and the top cover 3 (the PCM 2 absorbs heat released by condensation), the condensed fresh water is collected by the 2 water collecting inner tanks and is led out through the screwed joint 12 connected with two fresh water outlets above the water collecting tanks, the fresh water outlets below the water collecting tanks are closed by the cock 11, and when the solar energy is weakened (such as sunset), the PCM 1 releases heat to continuously heat the sewage/seawater to prepare the fresh water; at night, the distillation apparatus is turned upside down, the top cover 3 is placed on the lower base 1, the sewage/seawater is placed on the top cover 3, the PCM 2 releases heat due to the lower temperature of the surrounding environment, the evaporated sewage/seawater, the steam is condensed by the glass body 2 and the base 1 (both are close to room temperature), the fresh water is collected in two water collecting outer tanks, and flows out through the fresh water outlet at the upper part of the water collecting tanks (the upper part at this time is the lower part at daytime).
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A solar distillation apparatus incorporating a phase change thermal storage material, comprising: the device comprises a supporting part I with the functions of absorbing and releasing heat energy, a storage part with a containing chamber and a supporting part II with the functions of condensing steam and releasing heat energy, wherein two ends of the storage part are respectively connected with the supporting part I and the supporting part II to form a closed container structure, two collecting mechanisms for collecting condensed fresh water are arranged in the storage part, and the collecting mechanisms are communicated with a fresh water outlet;
During daytime, the distillation device is arranged vertically, the supporting part I is arranged below, the supporting part II is arranged above, sunlight is injected into the distillation device through the storage part and heats sewage/seawater in the storage part, meanwhile, the supporting part I absorbs redundant solar energy and stores the redundant solar energy, water vapor flows upwards, is condensed by the storage part and the supporting part II, and condensed fresh water is collected by the collecting mechanism and is led out through the fresh water outlet; when the solar energy is weakened or the sun falls down, the supporting part I releases heat, and sewage/seawater is continuously heated to prepare fresh water; at night, the distillation device is inverted, the supporting part II is arranged below, the supporting part I is arranged above, the sewage/seawater is positioned at the side of the supporting part II, the supporting part II releases heat due to lower ambient temperature, the evaporated sewage/seawater is condensed by the storage part and the supporting part I, the condensed fresh water is collected by the collecting mechanism, and flows out through the fresh water outlet;
The support part I is internally filled with a first phase-change heat storage material with the phase-change temperature of 60 ℃ and is used for absorbing surplus solar energy when direct sunlight is generated and releasing the surplus solar energy when the solar energy is insufficient;
The support part II is internally filled with a second phase change heat storage material with the phase change temperature of 45 ℃ and is used for condensing steam and releasing heat energy at night.
2. The solar still apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the storage portion is a cylindrical glass body, and a backlight portion of the storage portion is covered with a tin foil, so that sunlight is reflected back into the cup body, and the solar storage rate in the apparatus is improved.
3. The solar distillation apparatus combined with phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the support part i is a hollow cake-shaped base structure, and the support part ii is a hollow concave cake-shaped inclined top cover structure, so that efficient collection of condensed water is ensured, and sufficient contact between sewage/seawater and the top cover structure is ensured when inverted.
4. The solar still apparatus in combination with a phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the two collecting mechanisms are respectively provided on the storage portion at a position close to the support portion i and at a lower portion of the support portion ii, wherein the collecting mechanism provided at the lower portion of the support portion ii is pressed between the support portion ii and the storage portion when the support portion ii is closed, and the collecting mechanism provided on the storage portion is stuck to the storage portion.
5. The solar distillation device combined with the phase-change heat storage material according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the collecting mechanism is a water collecting tank structure with a zigzag cross section and a circular ring shape, and consists of a water collecting mechanism inner tank I and a water collecting mechanism outer tank II, and the water collecting mechanism inner tank I and the water collecting mechanism outer tank II are connected and arranged in a zigzag shape; the opening direction of the inner groove I of the water collecting mechanism faces the supporting part II and is connected with the inner wall of the storage part, and the opening direction of the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism faces the supporting part I; during daytime, when the distillation device is in the normal position, condensed fresh water is collected through the inner groove I of the water collecting mechanism; at night, when the distillation device is inverted, condensed fresh water is collected through the outer groove II of the water collecting mechanism.
6. The solar distillation apparatus combined with the phase change heat storage material according to claim 5, wherein the fresh water outlet is a round small hole with threads, a plurality of fresh water outlets are respectively positioned at the lowest part of the Z-shaped collecting mechanism and above and below the collecting mechanism, wherein at least 1 fresh water outlet is drilled on the supporting part II, and at least 3 fresh water outlets are drilled on the storage part for fresh water outflow; the fresh water outlet is internally and respectively connected with a cock or a screwed joint in a matched manner and used for controlling the opening and closing of the fresh water outlet; the cock is solid external screw thread cylindric structure, screwed joint is cavity external screw thread cylindric structure.
7. The solar distillation apparatus combined with phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the support part I and the storage part are fixedly connected by adopting an adhesive mode; the support part II is connected with the storage part in a buckling way, one side of the support part II is provided with a pivot to be connected, the opposite side of the support part II is provided with a snap fastener for introducing sewage/fresh water, and the liquid level of the sewage/fresh water is lower than that of the lowest collecting mechanism.
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| CN102190340A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-21 | 孙元新 | Multistage double effect distillation seawater desalination technology with heating seawater by solar energy |
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| CN214570874U (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-11-02 | 大连海事大学 | Solar distillation device combined with phase change heat storage material |
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| CN102190340A (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2011-09-21 | 孙元新 | Multistage double effect distillation seawater desalination technology with heating seawater by solar energy |
| CN103708573A (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2014-04-09 | 国家***天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | Reinforced convection heat transfer type solar distillation sea water desalting device |
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