CN112790040A - Sustained-release water-retention cultivation device and method for alkaline soil - Google Patents
Sustained-release water-retention cultivation device and method for alkaline soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112790040A CN112790040A CN202110057176.0A CN202110057176A CN112790040A CN 112790040 A CN112790040 A CN 112790040A CN 202110057176 A CN202110057176 A CN 202110057176A CN 112790040 A CN112790040 A CN 112790040A
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- carrier
- water
- permeable
- sustained
- retention
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a breed device and method of protecting water of slow controlled release for alkaline soil, including supporting the carrier, the upper surface middle part of supporting the carrier forms first cell body, is filled with ventilative carrier in the first cell body, and ventilative carrier is porous structure, is filled with organic fertilizer in the ventilative carrier, and the upper surface middle part of ventilative carrier forms the second cell body, has the cultivation district carrier in the second cell body, and cultivation district carrier is used for planting the plant that waits to cultivate. The inner wall surface of the first tank body is provided with a breathable and permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier adjacent to external soil is provided with a breathable and impermeable film, an inner cavity is formed in the support carrier, and a water absorbing material is arranged in the inner cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly equipment, and particularly relates to a sustained-release water-retention cultivation device and method for alkaline soil.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
China is a big saline-alkali land, the salinized land has the obvious characteristics of large area, wide distribution, large cultivated land occupation ratio and the like, the crops cannot grow normally due to overhigh salt content in the soil, and the area of the saline-alkali land all over the world exceeds 9.5 hundred million hectares according to incomplete statistical data of textbook organizations of the United nations and grain and agricultural organizations of the United nations, wherein the area of the saline-alkali land in China accounts for about 10 percent. The occurrence of a large amount of saline-alkali soil causes the yield reduction of crops and the reduction of plants, and is not beneficial to the development of national agriculture and greening.
The survival rate of the seedlings is low due to the characteristics of the prior saline-alkali soil, and the effect of improving the saline-alkali soil by using the prior organic fertilizer is not obvious.
The inventor knows that most of the existing cultivation devices are simply mixed with commercial fertilizers and soil, which may meet the needs of plant growth in the early cultivation period, but the functions of the cultivation devices may be greatly lost in the later period along with the rapid consumption of nutrients in the cultivation devices and the rapid loss of water caused by the incomplete maintenance. Meanwhile, most of the organic domestic waste is generated by incineration at present, and the waste has no obvious resource utilization mode and effect due to high water content and low heat value.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is directed to a device and a method for cultivating alkaline soil with sustained and controlled release and water retention, which can solve at least one of the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide a sustained-release water-retaining cultivation device for alkaline soil, including a support carrier, wherein a first groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the support carrier, a permeable carrier is filled in the first groove body, the permeable carrier is of a porous structure, an organic fertilizer is filled in the permeable carrier, a second groove body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the permeable carrier, a cultivation area carrier is provided in the second groove body, and the cultivation area carrier is used for planting plants to be cultivated.
Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the first groove body is provided with a breathable and permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier adjacent to the external soil is provided with a breathable and impermeable film, the support carrier is internally provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is internally provided with a water absorbing material.
Furthermore, the lower part of the support carrier is provided with a water permeable hole which is used for communicating the inner cavity of the support carrier with external soil.
Furthermore, the support carrier and the breathable carrier are made of degradable materials.
Further, the first tank body and the second tank body are both of inverted round platform-shaped structures.
Further, the organic fertilizer is a controlled-release water-retention fertilizer.
Further, the support carrier is enclosed by the perforated plate and closes the formation, and the perforated plate adjacent with first cell body is first perforated plate, is the second perforated plate with the perforated plate of outside soil contact, and the internal face of first perforated plate is attached with ventilative membrane permeates water, and the internal face of second perforated plate is attached with ventilative impervious membrane.
Further, the outer wall surface of the support carrier is cylindrical.
Further, the height of the upper wall surface of the supporting carrier is greater than that of the upper wall surfaces of the ventilating carrier and the cultivation area carrier.
One or more embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a sustained-release water-retention cultivation method for alkaline soil, including the steps of:
manufacturing a supporting carrier and a ventilating carrier by using organic crop fertilizer;
digging a pit in alkaline soil, and filling the support carrier, the breathable carrier and the cultivation area carrier;
water absorbing materials are filled in the cavity of the supporting carrier, a breathable and water-permeable film is attached to the wall surface of the supporting carrier close to the first groove body, and a breathable and water-impermeable film is attached to the wall surface of the supporting carrier close to external soil;
planting plant seedlings at the carrier of the cultivation area;
when the carrier in the cultivation area is lack of water, the water absorbing material supplies water, and when the carrier in the cultivation area is excessive in water, the water absorbing material stores water;
during the growth of the plant seedlings, the organic fertilizer at the air-permeable carrier continuously provides nutrients to the carrier in the cultivation area.
The beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical solutions are as follows:
the method can utilize the organic domestic waste which has great influence on the environment at present to carry out resource conversion, and the acidic organic fertilizer adopted in the saline-alkali soil can have neutralization reaction with the alkaline soil, so that the survival rate of the seedlings is improved; the organic fertilizer is a sustained and controlled release fertilizer, has the function of water retention, can prolong the period of supplying nutrients and water to soil to the greatest extent, and further improves the survival rate of seedlings.
The supporting carrier and the air-permeable carrier are completely made of degradable crop waste materials, so that secondary pollution to soil is avoided to the greatest extent.
The adoption sets up the material that absorbs water in the inner chamber of supporting the carrier, sets up ventilative water-permeable film at the wall that supports the carrier and be close to first cell body, sets up ventilative impervious material at the wall that supports the carrier and be close to outside soil, and then makes the effect that the material that absorbs water can effectively realize retaining, absorbs water when moisture is sufficient, releases moisture when moisture is not enough, further prolongs the period that breeding device provided moisture to crops, reduces because of the not week moisture loss probability that causes of maintenance.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in one or more embodiments of the disclosure.
In the figure, 1, a support carrier; 2. an inner cavity; 3. a cultivation area carrier; 4. a gas permeable carrier; 5. a breathable and waterproof film; 6. a water-permeable and air-permeable film; 7. a water-absorbing material; 8. and (6) water permeable holes.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a typical embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a sustained-release and water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil, which includes a support carrier 1, a first trough body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the support carrier 1, a permeable carrier 4 is filled in the first trough body, the permeable carrier 4 is of a porous structure, an organic fertilizer is filled in the permeable carrier 4, a second trough body is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the permeable carrier 4, a cultivation area carrier 3 is provided in the second trough body, and the cultivation area carrier 3 is used for planting plants to be cultivated.
In this embodiment, the carrier in the cultivation area is a mixture of soil and fertilizer.
In the embodiment, the inner wall surface of the first tank body is provided with an air-permeable and water-permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier 1 adjacent to the external soil is provided with an air-permeable and water-impermeable film, the support carrier 1 is provided with an inner cavity 2, and the inner cavity 2 is provided with a water-absorbing material 7.
It can be understood that, when the permeable film is adopted, the permeable film can ensure the exchange of moisture and gas between the inner cavity and the permeable carrier, the organic fertilizer filled in the permeable carrier can not enter the inner cavity, in the embodiment, the permeable film only needs to ensure that the gap on the film can allow the moisture to pass through, when the gap can allow the moisture to pass through, the gas can be naturally ensured to pass through, in the embodiment, the permeable film can be made of plastic or other materials, and can be selected by the technicians in the field.
In this embodiment, the breathable and waterproof film is referred to as a waterproof and breathable film, which may be a PU film, a TPU film, an EPTFE film, or the like, and may be selected by a person skilled in the art when the usage requirement is met, and details are not described here.
The lower part of the support carrier 1 is provided with a water permeable hole 8, and the water permeable hole 8 is used for communicating the inner cavity 2 of the support carrier 1 with external soil.
It can be understood that, in order to avoid the harm to the environment caused by the long-term burying of the support carrier and the air permeable carrier in the soil, in this embodiment, both the support carrier 1 and the air permeable carrier 4 are made of degradable materials containing organic crop fertilizers.
It can be understood that, in the present embodiment, the first tank body and the second tank body are both of inverted truncated cone-shaped structures.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer contour of the support carrier is cylindrical, the inside of the support carrier is provided with a first channel body in a truncated cone shape, the breathable carrier is also in a truncated cone shape, the inside of the breathable carrier is provided with a second channel body in a circular shape, and the carrier in the cultivation area is in a truncated cone shape. The central axes of the supporting carrier, the first groove body, the breathable carrier, the second groove body and the cultivation area carrier are superposed.
In this embodiment, the organic fertilizer is a controlled-release water-retaining fertilizer.
In this embodiment, support carrier 1 is enclosed by the perforated plate and closes and form, and the perforated plate adjacent with first cell body is first perforated plate, and the perforated plate with outside soil contact is the second perforated plate, and the internal face of first perforated plate is attached with ventilative impervious film, and the internal face of second perforated plate is attached with ventilative impervious film.
Specifically, it can be understood that, in the present embodiment, since the supporting carrier and the air permeable carrier are made of the waste crop material, the waste crop material can be broken into powder, and then the supporting carrier and the air permeable carrier are formed by pressing.
In this embodiment, the height of the upper wall of the support carrier 1 is greater than the height of the upper wall of the air-permeable carrier 4 and the carrier in the cultivation area.
It can be understood that the height of the upper wall surface of the air-permeable carrier and the carrier in the cultivation area is lower than that of the upper wall surface of the support carrier, so that an empty groove is conveniently formed at the upper parts of the air-permeable carrier and the carrier in the cultivation area, the surrounding water resources are conveniently gathered, and the water accumulation function is improved.
Specifically, the support carrier is made of degradable materials, and can be gradually degraded in the process of seedling growth, so that the growth of the seedling root system cannot be hindered, and in addition, the environmental pollution cannot be caused; the water absorbing material depends on the support carrier, the outer side of the support carrier is blocked by the air-permeable and water-impermeable film, air and water permeation can be realized at the inner side of the support carrier, the high-density water absorbing material is arranged in the inner cavity of the support carrier, water can be supplied when the cultivation device is lack of water, and water can be stored as much as possible when the water is excessive; the structure of the breathable carrier is similar to that of a honeycomb, and the breathable carrier aims to better ventilate a root system and absorb more externally supplied moisture in the seedling growing process. The slow controlled release water-retention fertilizer is placed on the inner side of the water-absorbing material and is spread in the breathable carrier.
The middle of the support carrier 1 is hollow, the hollow part can form a water collecting layer, and high-density absorbent cotton 7 is added in the hollow part.
The inner side surface of the support carrier 1 is attached with a breathable and water-permeable film 6 which has the function of slowing down the degradation speed of the support carrier and facilitating the permeation of redundant water around the plant root system to the water collecting layer.
The outer surface of the support carrier 1 is attached with a water-proof and air-permeable film 5 for preventing the water in the cultivating device from running off to the external soil.
The air-permeable carrier 4 is made of degradable material and is also made of crop wastes, and is of a honeycomb structure, and the structure is added with an adhesive to ensure the stability of the structure.
A core cultivation area 3 is provided on the air permeable carrier, which area provides an adequate and durable nutrient supply after the seedlings are planted, and also contains organic fertilizers in the area 4. After the seedlings grow and root, the seedlings extend from the 3 area to the 4 area.
The bottom of the supporting carrier is provided with an air hole 8, so that the redundant water which cannot be stored in the cultivating device can be discharged in time.
Example 2
A sustained-release water-retention cultivation method for alkaline soil comprises the following steps:
manufacturing a supporting carrier 1 and a ventilating carrier 4 by using organic crop fertilizer;
digging a pit in alkaline soil, and filling the support carrier 1, the breathable carrier 4 and the cultivation area carrier 3;
planting plant seedlings at the carrier 3 of the cultivation area;
when the carrier 3 in the cultivation area is lack of water, the water absorbing material 7 supplies water, and when the carrier 3 in the cultivation area is too much water, the water absorbing material 7 stores water;
during the growth of the plant seedlings, the organic fertilizer at the air-permeable carrier 4 continuously provides nutrients to the carrier 3 in the cultivation area.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a breeding device is protected to slow release and water conservation for alkaline soil, its characterized in that, includes the support carrier, and the upper surface middle part of support carrier forms first cell body, and it has ventilative carrier to fill in the first cell body, and ventilative carrier is porous structure, and it has organic fertilizer to fill in the ventilative carrier, and the upper surface middle part of ventilative carrier forms the second cell body, has the cultivation district carrier in the second cell body, and cultivation district carrier is used for planting the plant of waiting to cultivate.
2. The sustained-release water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall surface of the first tank body is provided with a permeable and air-permeable film, the side surface of the support carrier adjacent to the external soil is provided with a permeable and water-impermeable film, the support carrier is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with a water-absorbing material.
3. The sustained-release water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support carrier has water-permeable holes at its lower part for communicating the inner cavity of the support carrier with the external soil.
4. The sustained-release water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the support carrier and the air-permeable carrier are made of degradable material.
5. The sustained-release water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first and second tanks are both inverted round platform shaped structures.
6. The sustained-release water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is a sustained-release water-retention fertilizer.
7. The sustained-release water-retention cultivation device for alkaline soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support carrier is formed by enclosing a porous plate, the porous plate adjacent to the first tank body is a first porous plate, the porous plate contacting with the external soil is a second porous plate, the permeable and breathable film is attached to the inner wall surface of the first porous plate, and the permeable and impermeable film is attached to the inner wall surface of the second porous plate.
8. The sustained-release water-retention culture device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall surface of the support carrier has a cylindrical shape.
9. The sustained-release water-retention culture device for alkaline soil according to claim 1, wherein the height of the upper wall surface of the support carrier is greater than the height of the upper wall surface of the air-permeable carrier and the carrier of the culture region.
10. A sustained-release water-retention cultivation method for alkaline soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
manufacturing a supporting carrier and a ventilating carrier by using organic crop fertilizer;
digging a pit in alkaline soil, and filling the support carrier, the breathable carrier and the cultivation area carrier;
water absorbing materials are filled in the cavity of the supporting carrier, a breathable and water-permeable film is attached to the wall surface of the supporting carrier close to the first groove body, and a breathable and water-impermeable film is attached to the wall surface of the supporting carrier close to external soil;
planting plant seedlings at the carrier of the cultivation area;
when the carrier in the cultivation area is lack of water, the water absorbing material supplies water, and when the carrier in the cultivation area is excessive in water, the water absorbing material stores water;
during the growth of the plant seedlings, the organic fertilizer at the air-permeable carrier continuously provides nutrients to the carrier in the cultivation area.
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| CN202110057176.0A CN112790040B (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil |
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| CN202110057176.0A CN112790040B (en) | 2021-01-15 | 2021-01-15 | Sustained and controlled release water-retaining cultivation device and method for alkaline soil |
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| CN112790040B CN112790040B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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