CN112787560A - Switched reluctance motor position sensorless method based on difference inductance vector method - Google Patents
Switched reluctance motor position sensorless method based on difference inductance vector method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
- H02P21/18—Estimation of position or speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the means for detecting the position of the rotor
- H02P2203/09—Motor speed determination based on the current and/or voltage without using a tachogenerator or a physical encoder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a switched reluctance motor position sensorless method based on a differential inductance vector method, which belongs to the field of switched reluctance motor position sensorless control and comprises the following steps: calculating the three-phase inductance value of the switched reluctance motor in real time; delaying the three-phase inductance value expressed in the form of Fourier series by pi degrees; subtracting the three-phase inductance difference values to obtain three-phase difference value inductances; unitizing the obtained three-phase difference value inductance; carrying out logic partitioning on the three-phase difference value inductance; utilizing an arctangent function to combine with the three-phase difference value inductance logic partition, and estimating to obtain the rotor position angle information at any moment in a single period; according to the rotor position angle information at any moment, outputting a corresponding control signal to the switched reluctance motor to control the power switch tube of the power converter to be switched on and off, thereby realizing the control of the switched reluctance motor without a position sensor; the method can improve the estimation precision of the rotor position, realize the high-precision control of the switched reluctance motor and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of switched reluctance motor position sensorless control, in particular to a switched reluctance motor position sensorless method based on a difference inductance vector method.
Background
Because of the special double salient pole structure and the concentrated winding on the stator, the Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) has no permanent magnetic material and winding on the rotor, and has the advantages of simple structure, flexible control, high adaptability, strong fault tolerance and the like. The stable operation and high reliability of the switched reluctance motor depend on the accurate detection of the position of a motor rotor, the traditional position information is detected by a position sensor, the position sensor is easily influenced in some occasions with severe environment, so that the position detection precision is not high, meanwhile, the complexity of the system is increased due to the installation of the position sensor, and the application range of the SRM is limited. Therefore, more and more researchers are dedicated to research the sensorless control of the switched reluctance motor, and certain results are obtained.
The key of the switched reluctance motor position-free control lies in the accurate detection of the rotor position, and the development of the position-free sensor technology has appeared so far, and a plurality of control strategies are provided, wherein the control strategies are more extensive: the method comprises a pulse injection method, a simplified flux linkage method, an advanced intelligent algorithm, an inductance method and the like, wherein the methods mostly estimate the position of a rotor by utilizing the corresponding relation between flux linkage-current-inductance of a motor. The traditional switched reluctance motor position sensorless control based on an inductance method estimates the position angle of a rotor by utilizing inductance information, however, due to the pulse excitation mode of the switched reluctance motor and the double salient pole structure of a stator and a rotor, the switched reluctance motor is seriously nonlinear, and the inductance can be saturated. In this case, when the rotor position information is estimated using the saturation inductance, the position estimation accuracy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a switched reluctance motor position sensorless method based on a differential inductance vector method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: calculating the three-phase inductance value of the switched reluctance motor in real time, and expressing the three-phase inductance value in a Fourier series form to obtain the three-phase inductance value expressed in the Fourier series form;
s2: delaying the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form by pi degrees to obtain a three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees, and subtracting the three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees from the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form to obtain a three-phase inductance difference value;
s3: subtracting the three-phase inductance difference values to obtain three-phase difference value inductances, and constructing a three-phase difference value inductance function relation;
s4: unitizing the obtained three-phase difference inductance, and estimating the rotor position angle of the unitized difference inductance by utilizing an arc tangent function;
s5: because the numerical field of the arc tangent function is limited, the three-phase difference inductance is logically partitioned, and the maximum inductance phase is selected as a position angle estimation phase;
s6: utilizing an arctangent function to combine with the three-phase difference value inductance logic partition, and estimating to obtain the rotor position angle information at any moment in a single period;
s7: and outputting a corresponding control signal to the switched reluctance motor according to the rotor position angle information at any moment to control the power switch tube of the power converter to be switched on and off, so as to realize the position-sensorless control of the switched reluctance motor.
Further, the process of delaying the three-phase inductance value represented by the fourier series form by pi degrees to obtain a three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees, and subtracting the three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees from the three-phase inductance value represented by the fourier series form to obtain a three-phase inductance difference value is as follows:
taking the b-phase inductance as an example, the fourier series expression of the b-phase inductance is as follows:
in the formula, LbIs a b-phase inductor, L0Is a b-phase inductive fundamental component, LnAnd (3) delaying the b-phase inductance Fourier series expression by pi degrees for Fourier expansion coefficients to obtain:
in the formula (4), LbdIs a b-phase inductance after being delayed by pi degrees,
and (3) subtracting the b-phase inductance with the pi degree delay and the pi degree non-delay to obtain:
ΔLb=Lb-Lbd (5)
in the formula (5), Δ LbThe inductance obtained by making the difference before and after the b-phase delay,
to obtain Delta LbSimilarly, calculate to obtain Δ LaAnd Δ LcThe coordinate-transformed three-phase inductance difference function expression is shown as the following formula.
In the above formula,. DELTA.La、ΔLbAnd Δ LcInductances, L, obtained by differencing the three-phase delays a, b, c, respectivelynIs the Fourier inductance, n is the order of harmonics, ω is the angular velocity, and m is a positive integer.
Further: the three-phase difference value inductance is obtained by subtracting the three-phase inductance difference values, and the process of constructing the three-phase difference value inductance function relation is as follows:
the symmetry of three-phase inductors is used to make a difference by subtraction, as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.La、ΔLbAnd Δ LcThe inductance, delta L, obtained after the translation difference of the three-phase inductances of a, b and c respectivelyab、ΔLbcAnd Δ LcaIs an inductance with three-phase difference values,
further, the expression of the three-phase difference inductance function relation is as follows.
Further, the rotor position angle at any time in a single cycle is shown as follows.
In the formula, thetaab、θbcAnd thetacaRespectively using three-phase difference value inductance delta L'ab、ΔL′bcAnd Δ L'caThe rotor position angle estimated at different intervals, θ, is the rotor position angle at any time.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the switched reluctance motor position sensorless control method based on the differential inductance vector method is simple in principle and high in position estimation precision; the method comprises the steps of firstly, expressing inductance in a Fourier series form, carrying out coordinate transformation on the inductance to construct difference inductance, and estimating a rotor position angle by using the difference inductance; theoretical derivation shows that compared with the original inductance, the direct-current component, the even harmonic component and the multiple harmonic component of three of the differential inductance are eliminated; according to the method, the three-phase difference value inductance waveform is closer to a sine wave by performing coordinate transformation on the inductance, the inductance harmonic content is reduced, and the estimation of the rotor position angle is more accurate. Meanwhile, due to the special body structure of the switched reluctance motor, the switched reluctance motor is easy to generate a magnetic saturation phenomenon under the condition of larger current, so that the position estimation error caused by magnetic circuit saturation can be reduced through differential inductance identification and unit processing; when the rotor information is estimated by using a differential inductance vector method, the value range of an arc tangent function is limited, so that the differential inductance is subjected to partition processing to use different estimation phases in different position angle ranges, and the position angle of the rotor at any moment is estimated; the method can improve the estimation precision of the rotor position, realize the high-precision control of the switched reluctance motor and has wide application prospect.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a switched reluctance motor position sensorless control method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a phase inductance coordinate transformation diagram of the switched reluctance motor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of estimating a rotor position by a differential inductance vector method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the overall system of the switched reluctance motor position sensorless control method of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a hardware circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a switched reluctance motor position sensorless control method of the present invention; the present embodiment provides the steps of the method for controlling a switched reluctance motor without a position sensor based on a differential inductance vector method, which specifically includes:
s1: calculating the three-phase inductance value of the switched reluctance motor in real time, and expressing the three-phase inductance value in a Fourier series form to obtain the three-phase inductance value expressed in the Fourier series form;
s2: delaying the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form by pi degrees to obtain a three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees, and subtracting the three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees from the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form to obtain a three-phase inductance difference value;
s3: subtracting the three-phase inductance difference values to obtain three-phase difference value inductances, and constructing a three-phase difference value inductance function relation;
s4: unitizing the obtained three-phase difference inductance, and estimating the rotor position angle of the unitized difference inductance by utilizing an arc tangent function;
s5: the numerical field of the arc tangent function is limited, so that the three-phase differential inductance is logically partitioned, the maximum phase of the inductance is selected as a position angle estimation phase, the three-phase differential inductance in one mechanical period can be divided into three logic intervals, and different differential inductances are selected as estimation phases in different logic intervals;
s6: utilizing an arctangent function to combine with the difference inductance logic partition to obtain the rotor position angle information at any time in a single period;
s7: and outputting a corresponding control signal to the switched reluctance motor according to the rotor position angle information at any moment to control the power switch tube of the power converter to be switched on and off, so as to realize the position-sensorless control of the switched reluctance motor.
Fig. 2 is a phase inductance coordinate transformation diagram of the switched reluctance motor of the present invention, and it can be known from fig. 2 that the inductance waveform is closer to a sine wave by performing coordinate transformation and differential inductance identification on the inductance. According to the data of flux linkage and current detected by the locked rotor test, the inductance curve of any rotor position can be obtained;
switched reluctance motors use single phase conduction operation control, and usually calculate the flux linkage value of the phase winding using a mathematical integral form, as shown in the following equation:
ψ(k+1)=ψk+(uk-Rkik)ΔT (1)
in the formula (1), phi(k+1)The flux linkage value of the phase winding at the next sampling instant,for the value of the flux linkage of the phase winding at the current sampling instant uk、RkAnd ikPhase voltage, resistance and winding current of a k-th phase winding are respectively shown, and delta T is a sampling period.
In combination with the flux linkage-current-inductance functional relationship, the phase inductance L (i, θ) of the SRM can be calculated from its relationship to the phase flux linkage and current as shown in the following equation:
wherein: ψ (i, θ) represents a flux linkage of the motor as a function of the current i and the rotor position angle θ; l (i, θ) represents the phase inductance and is also a function of current and rotor angle θ.
Estimating the position angle of the rotor by utilizing the differential inductance through carrying out coordinate transformation and differential inductance identification on the inductance; taking b-phase inductance as an example, the following results are obtained:
in the formula (3), LbIs a b-phase inductor, L0Is a b-phase inductive fundamental component, LnIs a Fourier expansion coefficient, n is a harmonic order, and omega is an angular velocity;
delaying the phase b inductance by pi degrees to obtain
In the formula (4), LbdB-phase inductance after pi degree delay;
the difference of the inductance before and after the delay is obtained
ΔLb=Lb-Lbd (5)
In the formula (5), Δ LbThe inductance is obtained by making a difference before and after the b-phase delay.
To obtain Delta LbSimilarly, calculate to obtain Δ LaAnd Δ LcThe three-phase inductance function expression after coordinate transformation is shown as the following formula;
in the above formula (6), LnIs a fourier coefficient, n is the order of harmonics, ω is the angular velocity, m is a positive integer;
the obtained inductance Delta L is obtained by utilizing the symmetry of the three-phase inductancea、ΔLbAnd Δ LcMaking a difference:
in the formula (7), Δ La、ΔLbAnd Δ LcThe inductance, delta L, obtained after the translation difference of the three-phase inductances of a, b and c respectivelyab、ΔLbcAnd Δ LcaThree-phase difference value inductance;
further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
in the formula (8), Δ Lab、ΔLbcAnd Δ LcaIs a three-phase differential inductor.
The obtained difference inductance Delta L is usedab、ΔLbcAnd Δ LcaUnitized inductance, which is then taken as the inductance for estimating rotor positionThe rotor angle is estimated.
Preferably, in step S5, since the arctan function value domain is limited, the three-phase differential inductance is logically partitioned, the phase with the largest inductance is selected as the position angle estimation phase, the three-phase differential inductance of one mechanical period can be divided into three logical intervals, and different differential inductances are selected in different logical intervals to estimate the rotor position; the method comprises the following steps:
s5-1, converting the unitized three-phase difference inductance into an alpha-beta coordinate system according to a motor coordinate transformation theory, and solving the position information of the rotor by using an arc tangent function;
in the formula (10), Δ L'ab、ΔL′bcAnd Δ L'caRespectively, three-phase difference value inductance, L after unitizationαAnd LβThe inductance components of the α axis and the β axis obtained by converting the inductance components into 3/2 are obtained.
In the above formula (11), θ0The phase angle of the vector is synthesized by the three-phase difference inductance.
S5-2) because the value domain of the arc tangent function is (-pi/2, pi/2), in order to obtain the rotor position information of the whole period, the three-phase difference value inductance is logically partitioned, and the phase with the largest inductance amplitude value is selected as the position angle estimation phase. The following figure shows an inductance logical partition estimation table:
TABLE 1 Difference inductance logical partition table
Combining step S5-1) and step S5-2), the rotor position angle at any time in a complete cycle can be obtained as shown in the following formula:
in the formula (12), θab、θbcAnd thetacaRespectively using three-phase difference value inductance delta L'ab、ΔL′bcAnd Δ L'caThe rotor position angle estimated at different intervals, θ, is the rotor position angle at any time.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention for estimating rotor position by using differential inductance vector method, in which the inductance Δ L is three-phase differential inductanceab、ΔLbcAnd Δ LcaAnd the three-phase difference inductance is converted into a rectangular coordinate system by using 3/2 transformation, a sum vector phase angle can be calculated by combining an arctan function, and the rotor position angle at any moment can be estimated according to the relation between the sum vector inductance phase angle and the rotor position angle, wherein the three-phase difference inductance is 120 degrees different from each other, as shown in fig. 3.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the whole system of the method for controlling a switched reluctance motor without a position sensor according to the present invention, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, the whole system includes an SRM, a power converter, a current controller, a rotation speed regulator and a position controller; the power converter adopts an asymmetric power conversion circuit, and the current controller is controlled by current chopping. The position-free controller firstly collects voltage and current signals through AD sampling, calculates a three-phase inductance value, then performs coordinate transformation and difference inductance identification on an inductor, performs inductor logic partitioning by using the difference inductance, and estimates a rotor position angle by combining an arc tangent function.
Fig. 5 is a hardware circuit diagram of the power conversion circuit of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 5, each phase of the topology of the power conversion circuit is composed of two main switching devices and two freewheeling diodes, and the motor windings can be controlled to operate in different states by controlling the switching devices to be turned on and off. When the upper and lower bridge arms are conducted simultaneously, the winding is in a positive voltage state; when one of them is onWhen the other is turned off, the other is in a zero-voltage state; when the upper and lower bridge arms are both turned off, the bridge arms are in a negative voltage state, and the freewheeling diodes in the diagram play a role in freewheeling on the windings in a zero-voltage and negative-voltage state. The control system of the invention uses two IPM devices to construct an asymmetric half-bridge structure power conversion circuit. Connecting both IPM inputs P, N to the DC bus, and IPM1 output U1、V1、W1Connecting to one end of the three-phase winding to connect the output U of IPM22、V2、W2Is connected to the other end. The IGBTs of the lower three bridge arms of the IPM1 and the upper three bridge arms of the IPM2 are in an OFF state, so that an asymmetric half-bridge type power topology structure is formed in an overlapping mode. Wherein the A-phase winding is formed by A of IPM1upAnd A of IPM2downAnd (4) combined control, and control of other two-phase windings is similar to that of the phase b. The IPM module is built by six IGBTs inside, and a switch device, a driving circuit, an overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuit and a fault detection circuit are integrated inside the IPM module, so that the IPM module has high stability and strong anti-interference capability.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A switched reluctance motor position sensorless method based on a differential inductance vector method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: calculating the three-phase inductance value of the switched reluctance motor in real time, and expressing the three-phase inductance value in a Fourier series form to obtain the three-phase inductance value expressed in the Fourier series form;
s2: delaying the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form by pi degrees to obtain a three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees, and subtracting the three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees from the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form to obtain a three-phase inductance difference value;
s3: subtracting the three-phase inductance difference values to obtain three-phase difference value inductances, and constructing a three-phase difference value inductance function relation;
s4: unitizing the obtained three-phase difference inductance, and estimating the rotor position angle of the unitized difference inductance by utilizing an arc tangent function;
s5: because the numerical field of the arc tangent function is limited, the three-phase difference inductance is logically partitioned, and the maximum inductance phase is selected as a position angle estimation phase;
s6: utilizing an arctangent function to combine with the three-phase difference value inductance logic partition, and estimating to obtain the rotor position angle information at any moment in a single period;
s7: and outputting a corresponding control signal to the switched reluctance motor according to the rotor position angle information at any moment to control the power switch tube of the power converter to be switched on and off, so as to realize the position-sensorless control of the switched reluctance motor.
2. The switched reluctance motor position sensorless method according to claim 1, further characterized by: the process of delaying the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form by pi degrees to obtain a three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees, and subtracting the three-phase inductance value delayed by pi degrees from the three-phase inductance value represented by the Fourier series form to obtain a three-phase inductance difference value is as follows:
taking the b-phase inductance as an example, the fourier series expression of the b-phase inductance is as follows:
in the formula, LbIs a b-phase inductor, L0Is a b-phase inductive fundamental component, LnAnd (3) delaying the b-phase inductance Fourier series expression by pi degrees for Fourier expansion coefficients to obtain:
in the formula (4), LbdIs a b-phase inductance after being delayed by pi degrees,
and (3) subtracting the b-phase inductance with the pi degree delay and the pi degree non-delay to obtain:
ΔLb=Lb-Lbd (5)
in the formula (5), Δ LbThe inductance obtained by making the difference before and after the b-phase delay,
to obtain Delta LbSimilarly, calculate to obtain Δ LaAnd Δ LcThe coordinate-transformed three-phase inductance difference function expression is shown as the following formula.
In the above formula,. DELTA.La、ΔLbAnd Δ LcInductances, L, obtained by differencing the three-phase delays a, b, c, respectivelynIs the Fourier inductance, n is the order of harmonics, ω is the angular velocity, and m is a positive integer.
3. The switched reluctance motor position sensorless method according to claim 1, further characterized by: the three-phase difference value inductance is obtained by subtracting the three-phase inductance difference values, and the process of constructing the three-phase difference value inductance function relation is as follows:
the symmetry of three-phase inductors is used to make a difference by subtraction, as follows:
in the formula,. DELTA.La、ΔLbAnd Δ LcThe inductance, delta L, obtained after the delay of the three-phase inductances of a, b and c is differencedab、ΔLbcAnd Δ LcaIs an inductance with three-phase difference values,
further, the expression of the three-phase difference inductance function relation is as follows.
4. The switched reluctance motor position sensorless method according to claim 1, further characterized by:
the rotor position angle at any time during a single cycle is shown below.
In the formula, thetaab、θbcAnd thetacaRespectively using three-phase difference value inductance delta L'ab、ΔL′bcAnd Δ L'caThe rotor position angle estimated at different intervals, θ, is the rotor position angle at any time.
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CN114944806A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-08-26 | 芯北电子科技(南京)有限公司 | Method for detecting static position of switched reluctance motor |
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Application publication date: 20210511 |