CN112786448B - 一种igbt晶圆的加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种igbt晶圆的加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN112786448B
CN112786448B CN202110273974.7A CN202110273974A CN112786448B CN 112786448 B CN112786448 B CN 112786448B CN 202110273974 A CN202110273974 A CN 202110273974A CN 112786448 B CN112786448 B CN 112786448B
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严立巍
符德荣
李景贤
文锺
陈政勋
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Shaoxing Tongxincheng Integrated Circuit Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:S1、IGBT晶圆正面沉积ILD层;S2、晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板;S3、晶圆背面减薄,植入离子并子活化;S4、制作反面金属镀膜;S5、将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板,除去硅基载板;S6、蚀刻ILD层形成缓坡状接触孔,溅镀厚膜Al填充触孔;S7、完成晶圆正面制程;S8、解键合,移除玻璃载板。本发明通过永久键合硅基载板克服了传统工艺暂时键合玻璃板后高温回火温度的限制,以及激光局部离子激活不能对深层离子进行激活的缺陷,可以进行超薄的IGBT晶圆加工,降低了I GBT晶圆的加工成本。

Description

一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及IGBT芯片加工领域,具体的是一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺。
背景技术
绝缘栅双极晶体管(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,IGBT)是在金属氧化物场效应晶体管(MOSFET)和双极晶体管(Bipolar)基础上发展起来的一种新型复合功率器件,具有MOS输入、双极输出功能。IGBT集Bipolar器件通态压降小、载流密度大、耐压高和功率MOSFET驱动功率小、开关速度快、输入阻抗高、热稳定性好的优点于一身,被广泛应用到交流电机、变频器、开关电源、照明电路、牵引传动等领域。作为电力电子变换器的核心器件,为应用装置的高频化、小型化、高性能和高可靠性奠定了基础。
IGBT芯片在结构上是由数万个元胞(重复单元)组成,工艺上采用大规模集成电路技术和功率器件技术制造而成。每个元胞结构可分成体结构、正面MOS结构及背面集电极区结构三部分。现有的IGBT芯片制程中通过键合玻璃载板实现超薄晶圆的加工,以克服超薄晶圆易碎的问题,但是键合玻璃载板后无法再进行高温制程,例如背面离子植入后就需要高温回火使离子激活,因此现有的IGBT芯片制程中背面离子植入后通常采用激光局部激活,但是激光只能做浅层离子激活,而深层离子激活不易实现。
发明内容
为解决上述背景技术中提到的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,本发明在做完ILD层后跳过开接触孔步骤,把ILD层与硅片永久键合,直接做背面离子植入和激活,做完晶圆背面制程后将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板,然后研磨、蚀刻除去硅片,再对ILD层开孔及后续的制程。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、在做好深沟槽闸极的IGBT晶圆正面沉积ILD层;
S2、将做好ILD层的晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板;
S3、翻转硅基载板完成晶圆背面减薄,然后在晶圆背面植入离子,并通过高温回火使植入的离子活化;
S4、在回火处理后的晶圆背面制作反面金属镀膜;
S5、将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板、翻转玻璃载板,通过研磨、蚀刻的方式除去硅基载板;
S6、蚀刻ILD层形成缓坡状接触孔,并通过溅镀厚膜Al,在接触孔中完整的填充,形成IGBT的Emittor结构;
S7、在晶圆正面进行金属镀膜、黄光及蚀刻,形成正面金属图形及PAD键合区;
S8、解键合,移除玻璃载板,清洗除去黏着层,完成IGBT晶圆加工。
进一步优选地,步骤S1中ILD层沉积方法为LPCVD、APCVD和PECVD的一种,LID层底层为无掺杂的电介质,ILD层上层为掺杂P的电介质。
进一步优选地,步骤S2中晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板的方法包括以下步骤:
S201、将硅基载板和IGBT晶圆ILD层表面清洗干净并去除自然氧化层,通过电浆对硅基载板表面处理,激发硅基载板原子活性键;
S202、将IGBT晶圆键合在硅基载板表面,然后一起放入高温炉管中进行高温回火,使IGBT晶圆LID层与硅基载板形成永久键合结构。
进一步优选地,步骤S202中高温回火的温度为800-1400℃,高温炉管的升温速率<15℃/min。
进一步优选地,步骤S3中晶圆背面减薄后厚度为<150um,高温回火通过炉管或者快速LAMP加热装置RTP进行加热。
进一步优选地,步骤S6中缓坡状接触孔的侧壁倾斜角度为75-85°,溅镀厚膜Al时温度>400℃。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明IGBT晶圆的加工工艺与传统IGBT晶圆制程相比,在做完ILD层后跳过开接触孔步骤,把ILD层与硅片永久键合,直接做背面离子植入和激活,做完晶圆背面制程后将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板,然后研磨、蚀刻除去硅片,再对ILD层开孔及后续的制程。本发明通过永久键合硅基载板克服了传统工艺暂时键合玻璃板后高温回火温度的限制,以及激光局部离子激活不能对深层离子进行激活的缺陷,可以进行超薄的IGBT晶圆加工,降低了IGBT晶圆的加工成本。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明。
图1是本发明工艺步骤S1的成型示意图;
图2是本发明工艺步骤S2的成型示意图;
图3是本发明工艺步骤S3的成型示意图;
图4是本发明工艺步骤S4的成型示意图;
图5是本发明工艺步骤S5的成型示意图;
图6是本发明工艺步骤S6的成型示意图;
图7是本发明工艺步骤S7的成型示意图;
图8是本发明工艺步骤S8的成型示意图;
图中:
1-IGBT晶圆,2-ILD层,3-深沟槽,4-硅基载板,5-植入离子层,6-背面金属镀膜,7-黏着层,8-玻璃载板,9-接触孔,10-正面PAD。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“开孔”、“上”、“下”、“厚度”、“顶”、“中”、“长度”、“内”、“四周”等指示方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的组件或元件必须具有特定的方位,以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1
一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、在做好深沟槽闸极的IGBT晶圆正面通过LPCVD沉积ILD层,LID层底层为无掺杂的电介质,ILD层上层为掺杂P的电介质;
S2、将做好ILD层的晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板;
S3、翻转硅基载板完成晶圆背面减薄至40um,然后在晶圆背面植入离子,并通过炉管或者快速LAMP加热装置RTP进行加热,高温回火使植入的离子活化;
S4、在回火处理后的晶圆背面制作反面金属镀膜;
S5、将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板,翻转玻璃载板,通过研磨、蚀刻的方式除去硅基载板;
S6、蚀刻ILD层形成侧壁倾斜角度为75°的缓坡状接触孔,并通过450℃溅镀厚膜Al,在接触孔中完整的填充,形成IGBT的Emittor结构;
S7、在晶圆正面进行金属镀膜、黄光及蚀刻,形成正面金属图形及PAD键合区;
S8、解键合,移除玻璃载板,清洗除去黏着层,完成IGBT晶圆加工。
步骤S2中晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板的方法包括以下步骤:
S201、将硅基载板和IGBT晶圆ILD层表面清洗干净并去除自然氧化层,通过电浆对硅基载板表面处理,激发硅基载板原子活性键;
S202、将IGBT晶圆键合在硅基载板表面,然后一起放入高温炉管中以10℃/min速率升温至1200℃进行高温回火,使IGBT晶圆LID层与硅基载板形成永久键合结构。
实施例2
一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、在做好深沟槽闸极的IGBT晶圆正面通过APCVD沉积ILD层,LID层底层为无掺杂的电介质,ILD层上层为掺杂P的电介质;
S2、将做好ILD层的晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板;
S3、翻转硅基载板完成晶圆背面减薄至80um,然后在晶圆背面植入离子,并通过炉管或者快速LAMP加热装置RTP进行加热,高温回火使植入的离子活化;
S4、在回火处理后的晶圆背面制作反面金属镀膜;
S5、将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板,翻转玻璃载板,通过研磨、蚀刻的方式除去硅基载板;
S6、蚀刻ILD层形成侧壁倾斜角度为80°的缓坡状接触孔,并通过500℃溅镀厚膜Al,在接触孔中完整的填充,形成IGBT的Emittor结构;
S7、在晶圆正面进行金属镀膜、黄光及蚀刻,形成正面金属图形及PAD键合区;
S8、激光解键合,移除玻璃载板,清洗除去黏着层,完成IGBT晶圆加工。
步骤S2中晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板的方法包括以下步骤:
S201、将硅基载板和IGBT晶圆ILD层表面清洗干净并去除自然氧化层,通过电浆对硅基载板表面处理,激发硅基载板原子活性键;
S202、将IGBT晶圆键合在硅基载板表面,然后一起放入高温炉管中以8℃/min速率升温至1400℃进行高温回火,使IGBT晶圆LID层与硅基载板形成永久键合结构。
实施例3
一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、在做好深沟槽闸极的IGBT晶圆正面通过PECVD沉积ILD层,LID层底层为无掺杂的电介质,ILD层上层为掺杂P的电介质;
S2、将做好ILD层的晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板;
S3、翻转硅基载板完成晶圆背面减薄至140um,然后在晶圆背面植入离子,并通过炉管或者快速LAMP加热装置RTP进行加热,高温回火使植入的离子活化;
S4、在回火处理后的晶圆背面制作反面金属镀膜;
S5、将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板,翻转玻璃载板,通过研磨、蚀刻的方式除去硅基载板;
S6、蚀刻ILD层形成侧壁倾斜角度为85°的缓坡状接触孔,并通过550℃溅镀厚膜Al,在接触孔中完整的填充,形成IGBT的Emittor结构;
S7、在晶圆正面进行金属镀膜、黄光及蚀刻,形成正面金属图形及PAD键合区;
S8、激光解键合,移除玻璃载板,清洗除去黏着层,完成IGBT晶圆加工。
步骤S2中晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板的方法包括以下步骤:
S201、将硅基载板和IGBT晶圆ILD层表面清洗干净并去除自然氧化层,通过电浆对硅基载板表面处理,激发硅基载板原子活性键;
S202、将IGBT晶圆键合在硅基载板表面,然后一起放入高温炉管中以12℃/min速率升温至800℃进行高温回火,使IGBT晶圆LID层与硅基载板形成永久键合结构。
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、在做好深沟槽闸极的IGBT晶圆正面沉积ILD层;
S2、将做好ILD层的晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板;
S3、翻转硅基载板完成晶圆背面减薄,然后在晶圆背面植入离子,并通过高温回火使植入的离子活化;
S4、在回火处理后的晶圆背面制作反面金属镀膜;
S5、将晶圆背面暂时键合玻璃载板、翻转玻璃载板,通过研磨、蚀刻的方式除去硅基载板;
S6、蚀刻ILD层形成缓坡状接触孔,并通过溅镀厚膜Al,在接触孔中完整的填充,形成IGBT的Emittor结构;
S7、在晶圆正面进行金属镀膜、黄光及蚀刻,形成正面金属图形及PAD键合区;
S8、解键合,移除玻璃载板,清洗除去黏着层,完成IGBT晶圆加工;
步骤S2中晶圆正面永久键合硅基载板的方法包括以下步骤:
S201、将硅基载板和IGBT晶圆ILD层表面清洗干净并去除自然氧化层,通过电浆对硅基载板表面处理,激发硅基载板原子活性键;
S202、将IGBT晶圆键合在硅基载板表面,然后一起放入高温炉管中进行高温回火,使IGBT晶圆LID层与硅基载板形成永久键合结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中ILD层沉积方法为LPCVD、APCVD和PECVD的一种,所述ILD层底层为无掺杂的电介质,ILD层上层为掺杂P的电介质。
3.根据权利要求1所述的IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S202中高温回火的温度为800-1400℃,高温炉管的升温速率<15℃/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述的IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中晶圆背面减薄后厚度为<150um,所述高温回火通过炉管或者快速LAMP加热装置RTP进行加热。
5.根据权利要求1所述的IGBT晶圆的加工工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤S6中缓坡状接触孔的侧壁倾斜角度为75-85°,所述溅镀厚膜Al时温度>400℃。
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