CN112782171B - Friction experiment device in thermal vacuum environment - Google Patents
Friction experiment device in thermal vacuum environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112782171B CN112782171B CN202011631614.1A CN202011631614A CN112782171B CN 112782171 B CN112782171 B CN 112782171B CN 202011631614 A CN202011631614 A CN 202011631614A CN 112782171 B CN112782171 B CN 112782171B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment, which comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box, a loading box, a total mounting bottom plate, a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a third heat insulation coupling, a torque sensor, a first heat insulation coupling, a test piece, a second heat insulation coupling, a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a driving end normal-temperature normal-pressure box, a driving device and a loading device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drive loading test under a thermal vacuum environment, in particular to a friction experiment device under the thermal vacuum environment.
Background
A brake suitable for the aerospace field exists, and the purpose of the device is to enable the rotating shaft to decelerate until stopping rotating. The main working environment of the brake is a thermal vacuum environment, and the main principle of the brake is as follows: the torque for preventing the rotation of the rotating shaft is generated by a friction pair in the brake, so that the target shaft is decelerated until the rotation is stopped. In order to study the performance, service life and other characteristics of the brake under different working conditions, different environments and different directions, corresponding simulation tests are required to be carried out on the ground.
In order to complete the ground simulation test of the brake, a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment needs to be designed, and the test to be completed by the friction experiment device in the thermal vacuum environment comprises the following steps: 1. the brake slip test under different rotation speeds, the rotation speed required to be achieved in the test is extremely high, and the torque is relatively large; 2. slip testing at different turns; 3. slip testing at different temperatures.
Currently, ground vacuum driven loading devices use rotational speeds and speeds provided by vacuum motors, but which provide limited speeds and torques and which can operate in a vacuum environment but at limited temperature intervals. When the experiment needs high rotation speed and high torque, the requirement is difficult to meet, the test piece is required to be placed in a vacuum box, magnetic fluid sealing shafts are arranged on two sides of the vacuum box, and a servo motor with high rotation speed and high torque is connected with magnetic fluid on one side outside the vacuum box, so that the test piece is driven; the magnetic fluid sealing shaft on the other side is connected with a hysteresis brake and the like, so that the test piece is loaded. The method tends to result in a long transmission chain, the coaxiality of which is difficult to ensure, and the required field is large; a special vacuum box is needed to be customized to be matched with a proper magnetic fluid sealing shaft, so that the economic benefit is low.
At present, when a loading and slipping experiment is carried out, a hysteresis brake is mostly adopted for providing loading, but the principle of the hysteresis brake causes delay in loading and unloading, and instantaneous loading and unloading cannot be completed, so that the accuracy of the experiment can be affected.
At present, no design of setting a normal temperature and pressure tank in a hot vacuum environment exists. In a thermal vacuum environment, the temperature of the normal temperature and normal pressure box is mainly considered to influence the temperature of the test environment of the test piece, so that the accuracy of the experiment is influenced. Heat convection cannot be generated in a vacuum environment, and the main heat transfer modes are heat conduction and heat radiation, and only the two heat transfer modes are needed to be restrained, so that the experimental accuracy can be greatly improved.
The ground simulation test of the brake is realized, experiments under the conditions of large torque and high rotating speed can be realized, the transmission chain is short, higher coaxiality is easy to ensure, the loading and unloading speeds are high, a customized vacuum box is not needed, and the field required by the experiments is small. The vacuum motor of the existing ground vacuum driving loading equipment cannot meet the required rotating speed and torque, the transmission chain length required by external driving loading of the vacuum box is long, coaxiality is difficult to ensure, the required field is large, loading and unloading have certain delay, and the corresponding vacuum box needs to be customized. And further provides a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment, which has the advantages of short transmission chain, high coaxiality, small required field, good heat insulation and high loading speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing vacuum motor of the ground vacuum driving loading equipment cannot meet the rotation speed, torque and working temperature required by experiments, the transmission chain length required by external driving loading of a vacuum box is difficult to ensure, the coaxiality is difficult to ensure, the required field is large, loading and unloading have certain delay, the corresponding vacuum box needs to be customized and the like, and provides a friction experiment device for a thermal vacuum environment, which is short in transmission chain, high in coaxiality, small in required field, good in heat insulation and high in loading speed.
The invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical scheme: the friction experiment device comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box, a loading box, a total mounting bottom plate, a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a third heat insulation coupling, a torque sensor, a first heat insulation coupling, a test piece, a second heat insulation coupling, a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, a driving device and a loading device, wherein the total mounting bottom plate is fixed on an inner bottom plate of the temperature-controllable vacuum box, the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, the test piece and the loading box are fixedly mounted on the total mounting bottom plate, the test piece is provided with a driving end and a loading end, the driving end and the loading end of the test piece are both ends of the same shaft, and the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box and the loading box are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the test piece; the driving device is fixed in the driving end normal temperature and pressure box, the output end of the driving device is connected with the driving end of the test piece through the magnetic fluid sealing shaft at the loading end and the second heat insulation coupling, and the driving device provides driving force required by a friction test; the loading device is fixed in the loading box, the output end of the loading device is sequentially connected with the loading end of the magnetic fluid sealing shaft of the loading end, the third heat insulation coupling, the torque sensor and the loading end of the test piece after the first heat insulation coupling, and the loading device provides loading required by a friction test.
Further, the driving device comprises a servo motor, a servo amplifier bracket, a temperature and air pressure sensor, a small driving end belt pulley, a large driving end belt pulley, a driving end synchronous belt, a driving end main shaft, a second bracket, a driving end mounting bottom plate, a motor support and a third coupler, wherein the servo amplifier is fixed on a driving end normal temperature and pressure box through the servo amplifier bracket, and the temperature and air pressure sensor is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box; a driving end installation bottom plate is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box, and a servo motor is fixed on the driving end installation bottom plate through a motor support; the output end of the driving motor is fixedly provided with a small driving end belt pulley, a large driving end belt pulley is fixed at one end of a driving end main shaft through a second expansion sleeve, the small driving end belt pulley and the large driving end belt pulley are connected through a driving end synchronous belt, the driving end main shaft is arranged on a second support through a bearing, the second support is fixed on a driving end mounting bottom plate, the other end of the driving end main shaft is connected with one end of a magnetic fluid sealing shaft of the driving end through a third coupling, and a servo amplifier is electrically connected with the servo motor and controls the work of the servo motor.
Further, the loading device comprises a loading end mounting bottom plate, a brake, a hysteresis brake, a loading shaft, a U-shaped frame, a first bracket, a loading end main shaft, a loading end small belt wheel, a loading end large belt wheel, a loading end synchronous belt, a coding disc and a second coupling, wherein the loading end mounting bottom plate is fixed at the bottom of a loading box, the first bracket and the U-shaped frame are both fixed on the loading end mounting bottom plate, the brake is fixed at the outer side of one side edge of the U-shaped frame, the hysteresis brake is fixed at the middle part of the U-shaped frame, the loading shaft passes through the hysteresis brake and the brake and is arranged on the U-shaped frame through a ball bearing, and the loading end small belt wheel is fixed on the part of the loading shaft extending out of the U-shaped frame; the loading end main shaft is arranged on the first bracket through a ball bearing, the loading end large belt pulley is fixed at one end of the loading end main shaft through a first expansion sleeve, and the loading end large belt pulley is connected with the loading end small belt pulley through a loading end synchronous belt; the other end of the loading end main shaft is connected with one end of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft through a second coupler, and the loading end main shaft is sleeved with a coding disc.
Further, the side face of the temperature-controllable vacuum box is provided with a vacuum box end cover, the vacuum box end cover is fixedly connected with the temperature-controllable vacuum box through bolts, and the temperature-controllable vacuum box and the vacuum box end cover jointly form the vacuum box. The vacuum box is provided with temperature regulation and the function of realizing the vacuum environment, and the thermal vacuum environment in the temperature-controllable vacuum box can be realized.
Further, the both sides of total mounting plate are provided with the constant head tank, and the centre of total mounting plate is provided with the heat insulation hole, and loading case and drive end normal atmospheric pressure case bottom design have the location boss, and loading case and drive end normal atmospheric pressure case pass through the interference fit of location boss and constant head tank with total mounting plate and realize the location, and loading case and drive end normal atmospheric pressure case pass through the bolt fastening on total mounting plate.
Further, a loading box end cover is arranged on the side face of the loading box, and the loading box end cover is fixed on the loading box through bolts.
Further, a plug-in mounting plate is arranged on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box, and an air inlet, an electric connector and an air outlet are arranged on the plug-in mounting plate. The air inlet, the electric connector and the air outlet are all fixed on the plug-in mounting plate through bolts, the plug-in mounting plate is connected with the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box in a sealing mode, and the air inlet, the electric connector and the air outlet are connected with the plug-in mounting plate in a sealing mode. The electric connector is used for cable wiring of various mechanisms in the driving end normal temperature and pressure box, the air inlet is used for connecting an external air inlet pipe, the air outlet is used for connecting an external air outlet pipe, the driving end normal temperature and pressure box is communicated with the external environment through the air inlet and the air outlet, and the whole driving end normal temperature and pressure box is always in the normal temperature and pressure environment.
Further, the servo amplifier bracket is fixed on the top side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box through bolts.
Further, the temperature and air pressure sensor is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box opposite to the plug-in mounting plate.
Further, the driving end normal temperature and pressure tank is also provided with a normal temperature and pressure tank end cover.
Further, the shell of the magnetic fluid sealing shaft at the driving end is in sealing connection with the side wall of the normal-temperature and normal-pressure box at the driving end, and the shell of the magnetic fluid sealing shaft at the loading end is in sealing connection with the side wall of the loading box. The side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box is provided with a mounting hole of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, after the axes of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft and the mounting hole of the loading end box are overlapped, the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft is fixed with the loading box through a bolt, one end of an extending shaft is connected with a torque sensor through a third heat insulation coupling, and the other end of the extending shaft is connected with a loading end main shaft through a second coupling. The end face of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box is provided with a mounting hole of the driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, and after the axes of the driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft and the mounting hole of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box are overlapped, the driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft is fixed with the driving end normal temperature and pressure box through a bolt.
Further, the coding disc is a hollow coding disc, and the shell of the coding disc is fixed on the first bracket through bolts.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, the servo motor can be arranged on the open end face of the normal temperature and pressure tank and is fixed with the normal temperature and pressure tank end cover 14 through bolts to form the normal temperature and pressure tank, and under the condition that the high torque and high rotating speed test requirement can be met, no external driving and loading of a vacuum tank are needed, so that a special vacuum tank is not needed to be customized when the test is finished, the length of a transmission chain is shortened to a great extent, and the coaxiality is easy to be ensured.
2. The invention designs a first heat-insulating coupling, a second heat-insulating coupling, a normal-temperature normal-pressure box end cover and a total mounting bottom plate, in a thermal vacuum test environment, the normal-temperature normal-pressure box is formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal-temperature normal-pressure box and the normal-temperature normal-pressure box end cover through bolts, the temperature influence on a test piece can be generated, the heat transfer mode under the vacuum condition is mainly heat conduction and heat radiation, the heat-insulating coupling and the second heat-insulating coupling are both made of heat-insulating materials, and the total mounting bottom plate is made of heat-insulating materials and is provided with a plurality of rectangular through holes for inhibiting the heat conduction of the normal-temperature box to the test piece, and experimental errors are reduced. The normal temperature and normal pressure box and the inside and outside of the end cover of the normal temperature and normal pressure box are coated with the anti-radiation coating, so that the influence of heat radiation on a test piece is greatly reduced, and experimental errors are reduced.
3. When the invention works in a thermal vacuum environment, the air inlet, the air outlet and the temperature and air pressure sensor are designed, cold air is input into the normal temperature and normal pressure box through the air inlet and the open end face of the normal temperature and normal pressure box and is fixed with the end cover of the normal temperature and normal pressure box through bolts, the air is discharged from the air outlet, the servo motor and other elements are ensured to work at proper temperature and proper air pressure, the temperature in the normal temperature and normal pressure box can be monitored in real time through the temperature and air pressure sensor, and the speed of cold air input into the air inlet and the speed of air discharge of the air outlet can be conveniently regulated in real time.
4. The invention designs a normal temperature and normal pressure tank, a driving end synchronous belt, a driving end small belt pulley and a driving end large belt pulley, wherein the normal temperature and normal pressure tank is formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal temperature and normal pressure tank with an end cover of the normal temperature and normal pressure tank through bolts; when vacuum motor can't provide moment, rotational speed, the required precision of satisfying the experiment, make the servo motor that can't work under the vacuum condition also can arrange in the vacuum box in to accessible belt pulley increase moment, need not to carry out the external load drive of jar with satisfying the experiment demand, simultaneously through belt pulley furthest's utilization space, make the very small and exquisite of laboratory bench, thereby reduced the required place size of experiment.
5. The invention designs the brake, a motor is adopted to drive a test piece to rotate in a general experiment, then the hysteresis brake is loaded to realize a slip experiment, and the hysteresis brake is loaded for a period of time to delay, so that experimental data can be influenced. According to the invention, when the motor reaches the rotating speed required by an experiment, the loading shaft is locked instantly through the brake, and the loading end main shaft stops rotating through the driving end synchronous belt, the driving end small belt pulley and the driving end large belt pulley, so that instant driving loading of a test piece is realized, the purpose of a slip experiment is realized instantly, and the loading time is eliminated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear cross-sectional view of a friction experimental set-up in a thermal vacuum environment according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a right side view of a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the general mounting base plate of the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-vacuum box end cover, a 2-controllable temperature vacuum box, a 3-loading box end cover, a 4-loading box, a 5-loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a 6-third heat insulation coupler, a 7-torque sensor, an 8-first heat insulation coupler, a 9-test piece, a 10-second heat insulation coupler, an 11-driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft, a 12-total mounting bottom plate, a 13-driving end normal temperature normal pressure box, a 14-driving end normal temperature box end cover, a 15-connector mounting plate, a 16-air inlet, a 17-electric connector, a 18-air outlet, a 19-brake, a 20-hysteresis brake, a 21-U-shaped frame, a 22-first expansion sleeve, a 23-loading end synchronous belt, a 24-first bracket, a 25-encoding disk, a 26-second coupling, a 27-servo motor, a 28-third coupling, a 29-driving end main shaft, a 30-second bracket, a 31-motor bracket, a 32-driving end mounting bottom plate, a 33-driving end synchronous belt, a 34-second expansion sleeve, a 35-servo amplifier bracket, a 36-temperature sensor, a 37-air pressure sensor, a 38-driving end drive pulley, a small-driving end pulley, a 43-loading end main shaft, a small-driving end pulley, a small-driving end and a small loading end pulley, a small-driving end and a loading end pulley, and a small-driving end 43.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box 2, a loading box 4, a total mounting bottom plate 12, a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5, a third heat insulation coupling 6, a torque sensor 7, a first heat insulation coupling 8, a test piece 9, a second heat insulation coupling 10, a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 11, a driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13, a driving device and a loading device, wherein the total mounting bottom plate 12 is fixed on an inner bottom plate of the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2, the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13, the test piece 9 and the loading box 4 are fixedly mounted on the total mounting bottom plate 12, the driving end and the loading end of the test piece 9 are arranged at two ends of the same shaft, and the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13 and the loading box 4 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the test piece 9; the driving device is fixed in the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13, the output end of the driving device is connected with the driving end of the test piece 9 through the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5 and the second heat insulation coupling 10, and the driving device provides driving force required by a friction test; the loading device is fixed in the loading box 4, the output end of the loading device is sequentially connected with the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5, the third heat insulation coupler 6, the torque sensor 7 and the first heat insulation coupler 8, and then is connected with the loading end of the test piece 9, and the loading device provides loading required by friction test.
The driving device comprises a servo motor 27, a servo amplifier 37, a servo amplifier bracket 35, a temperature and air pressure sensor 36, a driving end small belt pulley 43, a driving end large belt pulley 44, a driving end synchronous belt 33, a driving end main shaft 29, a second bracket 30, a driving end mounting bottom plate 32, a motor support 31 and a third coupling 28, wherein the servo amplifier 37 is fixed on a driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13 through the servo amplifier bracket 35, and the temperature and air pressure sensor 36 is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13; a driving end installation bottom plate 32 is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13, and a servo motor 27 is fixed on the driving end installation bottom plate 32 through a motor support 31; the output end of the driving motor is fixed with a small driving end belt wheel 43, a large driving end belt wheel 44 is fixed at one end of a driving end main shaft 29 through a second expansion sleeve 34, the small driving end belt wheel 43 and the large driving end belt wheel 44 are connected through a driving end synchronous belt 33, the driving end main shaft 29 is mounted on a second bracket 30 through a bearing, the second bracket 30 is fixed on a driving end mounting bottom plate 32, the other end of the driving end main shaft 29 is connected with one end of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 11 through a third coupling 28, and a servo amplifier 37 is electrically connected with a servo motor 27 and controls the work of the servo motor 27.
The loading device comprises a loading end mounting bottom plate 38, a brake 19, a hysteresis brake 20, a loading shaft 42, a U-shaped frame 21, a first bracket 24, a loading end main shaft 39, a loading end small belt pulley 41, a loading end large belt pulley 40, a loading end synchronous belt 23, a coding disc 25 and a second coupling 26, wherein the loading end mounting bottom plate 38 is fixed at the bottom of a loading box 4, the first bracket 24 and the U-shaped frame 21 are both fixed on the loading end mounting bottom plate 38, the brake 19 is fixed on the outer side of one side edge of the U-shaped frame 21, the hysteresis brake 20 is fixed at the middle part of the U-shaped frame 21, the loading shaft 42 passes through the hysteresis brake 20 and the brake 19 and is mounted on the U-shaped frame 21 through a ball bearing, and the loading end small belt pulley 41 is fixed on the part of the loading shaft 42 extending out of the U-shaped frame 21; the loading end main shaft 39 is arranged on the first bracket 24 through a ball bearing, the loading end large belt pulley 40 is fixed at one end of the loading end main shaft 39 through the first expansion sleeve 22, and the loading end large belt pulley 40 and the loading end small belt pulley 41 are connected through the loading end synchronous belt 23; the other end of the loading end main shaft 39 is connected with one end of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft 5 through a second coupler 26, and the loading end main shaft 39 is sleeved with a coding disc 25.
The side of the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 is provided with a vacuum box end cover 1, the vacuum box end cover 1 and the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 are fixedly connected through bolts, and the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 and the vacuum box end cover 1 jointly form the vacuum box.
Positioning grooves are formed in two sides of the total mounting bottom plate 12, a heat insulation hole is formed in the middle of the total mounting bottom plate 12, positioning bosses are designed at the bottoms of the loading box 4 and the driving end normal-temperature normal-pressure box 13, the loading box 4 and the driving end normal-temperature normal-pressure box 13 are in interference fit with the total mounting bottom plate 12 through the positioning bosses and the positioning grooves, and the loading box 4 and the driving end normal-temperature normal-pressure box 13 are fixed on the total mounting bottom plate 12 through bolts.
The side of the loading box 4 is provided with a loading box end cover 3, and the loading box end cover 3 is fixed on the loading box 4 through bolts.
A plug-in mounting plate 15 is arranged on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13, and an air inlet 16, an electric connector 17 and an air outlet 18 are arranged on the plug-in mounting plate 15; the air inlet 16, the electric connector 17 and the air outlet 18 are fixed on the plug-in mounting plate 15 through bolts, the plug-in mounting plate 15 is connected with the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13 in a sealing mode, and the air inlet 16, the electric connector 17 and the air outlet 18 are connected with the plug-in mounting plate 15 in a sealing mode.
The servo amplifier bracket 35 is fixed on the top side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box 13 through bolts.
The driving end normal temperature and pressure tank 13 is also provided with a normal temperature and pressure tank end cover.
The coding disc 25 is a hollow coding disc 25, and the outer shell of the coding disc 25 is fixed on the first bracket 24 through bolts.
The invention can carry out slip experiments at different rotation speeds:
1) After the installation is finished, the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 is regulated to enable the internal temperature to reach the experimental requirement, and air is pumped out to realize a thermal vacuum environment;
2) The air inlet 16 injects cold air into a normal temperature and normal pressure tank formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal temperature and normal pressure tank 13 with an end cover 14 of the normal temperature and normal pressure tank through bolts, the air outlet 18 discharges air in the normal temperature and normal pressure tank, the internal temperature and air compaction are monitored through a temperature and air pressure sensor 36, and the speed of injecting the cold air and the exhaust speed are increased when the temperature is higher than a threshold value in the experimental process, so that the servo motor is ensured to work at proper air pressure and temperature;
3) Starting the servo motor 27 to reach the minimum rotation speed required by the experiment; the motor drives the small driving end pulley 43, the small driving end pulley 43 drives the large driving end pulley 44 to rotate through the synchronous driving end belt 33, and the large driving end pulley 44 drives the main driving end shaft 29 to rotate, so that the test piece 9 starts to rotate
4) Starting the brake 19, wherein the brake 19 locks the loading shaft 42 instantly, the small driving end belt wheel 43 stops rotating, the large driving end belt wheel 44 stops rotating through the driving end synchronous belt 33, so that the loading end of the test piece 9 stops rotating, the test piece 9 instantly skids, the encoding disk 25 is used for detecting whether the main shaft 39 of the loading end stops rotating, and the torque sensor 7 transmits real-time data to the data processing system;
5) Closing the brake 19 and adjusting the rotation speed of the servo motor 27 to the next required speed;
6) Repeating the fourth step and the fifth step until the experiment is completed.
The invention can carry out loading experiments:
① After the installation is finished, the temperature-controllable vacuum box 2 is regulated to enable the internal temperature to reach the experimental requirement, and air is pumped out to realize a thermal vacuum environment;
② The air inlet 16 injects cold air into a normal temperature and normal pressure tank formed by fixing an opening end face of the normal temperature and normal pressure tank 13 with an end cover 14 of the normal temperature and normal pressure tank through bolts, the air outlet 18 discharges air in the normal temperature and normal pressure tank, the internal temperature and air compaction are monitored through a temperature and air pressure sensor 36, and the speed of injecting the cold air and the exhaust speed are increased when the temperature is higher than a threshold value in the experimental process, so that the servo motor is ensured to work at proper air pressure and temperature;
③ Starting the servo motor 27 to reach the rotation speed required by the experiment; the motor drives the small driving end pulley 43, the small driving end pulley 43 drives the large driving end pulley 44 to rotate through the synchronous driving end belt 33, and the large driving end pulley 44 drives the main driving end shaft 29 to rotate, so that the test piece 9 starts to rotate
④ Starting the hysteresis brake 20, loading the hysteresis brake 20 on the loading shaft 42, and loading the driving end large belt pulley 44 through the driving end small belt pulley 43 and the driving end synchronous belt 33, so that the loading end of the test piece 9 is loaded, the test piece 9 starts a loading test, and the encoding disc 25 and the torque sensor 7 transmit real-time data to the data processing system;
⑤ Adjusting the loading size of the hysteresis brake 20;
⑥ Repeating the fourth step and the fifth step until the experiment is completed.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limiting to the technical solutions of the present invention, and any technical solution that can be implemented on the basis of the above embodiments without inventive effort should be considered as falling within the scope of protection of the patent claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment is characterized in that: the device comprises a temperature-controllable vacuum box (2), a loading box (4), a total mounting bottom plate (12), a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5), a third heat insulation coupling (6), a torque sensor (7), a first heat insulation coupling (8), a test piece (9), a second heat insulation coupling (10), a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (11), a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), a driving device and a loading device, wherein the total mounting bottom plate (12) is fixed on an inner bottom plate of the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2), the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), the test piece (9) and the loading box (4) are fixedly mounted on the total mounting bottom plate (12), the driving end and the loading end of the test piece (9) are arranged at two ends of the same shaft, and the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13) and the loading box (4) are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the test piece (9); the driving device is fixed in a driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13), the output end of the driving device is connected with the driving end of the test piece (9) through a loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5) and a second heat insulation coupling (10), and the driving device provides driving force required by a friction test; the loading device is fixed in the loading box (4), the output end of the loading device is sequentially connected with the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5), the third heat insulation coupler (6), the torque sensor (7) and the first heat insulation coupler (8) and then connected with the loading end of the test piece (9), and the loading device provides loading required by a friction test;
The driving device comprises a servo motor (27), a servo amplifier (37), a servo amplifier bracket (35), a temperature and air pressure sensor (36), a driving end small belt pulley (43), a driving end large belt pulley (44), a driving end synchronous belt (33), a driving end main shaft (29), a second bracket (30), a driving end mounting bottom plate (32), a motor support (31) and a third coupling (28), wherein the servo amplifier (37) is fixed on a driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13) through the servo amplifier bracket (35), and the temperature and air pressure sensor (36) is fixed on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13); a driving end mounting bottom plate (32) is fixed on the inner bottom surface of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13), and a servo motor (27) is fixed on the driving end mounting bottom plate (32) through a motor support (31); the output end of the servo motor (27) is fixedly provided with a small driving end belt wheel (43), a large driving end belt wheel (44) is fixed at one end of a driving end main shaft (29) through a second expansion sleeve (34), the small driving end belt wheel (43) and the large driving end belt wheel (44) are connected through a driving end synchronous belt (33), the driving end main shaft (29) is arranged on a second bracket (30) through a bearing, the second bracket (30) is fixed on a driving end mounting bottom plate (32), the other end of the driving end main shaft (29) is connected with one end of a driving end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (11) through a third coupler (28), and a servo amplifier (37) is electrically connected with the servo motor (27) and controls the work of the servo motor (27);
the loading device comprises a loading end mounting bottom plate (38), a brake (19), a hysteresis brake (20), a loading shaft (42), a U-shaped frame (21), a first bracket (24), a loading end main shaft (39), a loading end small belt wheel (41), a loading end large belt wheel (40), a loading end synchronous belt (23), a coding disc (25) and a second coupling (26), wherein the loading end mounting bottom plate (38) is fixed at the bottom of a loading box (4), the first bracket (24) and the U-shaped frame (21) are both fixed on the loading end mounting bottom plate (38), the brake (19) is fixed at the outer side of one side edge of the U-shaped frame (21), the hysteresis brake (20) is fixed at the middle part of the U-shaped frame (21), the loading shaft (42) passes through the hysteresis brake (20) and the brake (19) and is mounted on the U-shaped frame (21) through a ball bearing, and the small belt wheel (41) at the loading end is fixed on the part of the loading shaft (42) extending out of the U-shaped frame (21); the loading end main shaft (39) is arranged on the first bracket (24) through a ball bearing, the loading end large belt wheel (40) is fixed at one end of the loading end main shaft (39) through the first expansion sleeve (22), and the loading end large belt wheel (40) and the loading end small belt wheel (41) are connected through the loading end synchronous belt (23); the other end of the loading end main shaft (39) is connected with one end of the loading end magnetic fluid sealing shaft (5) through a second coupler (26), and the loading end main shaft (39) is sleeved with a coding disc (25).
2. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 1, wherein: the side of the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2) is provided with a vacuum box end cover (1), the vacuum box end cover (1) and the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2) are fixedly connected through bolts, and the temperature-controllable vacuum box (2) and the vacuum box end cover (1) jointly form the vacuum box.
3. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 2, wherein: the two sides of the total mounting bottom plate (12) are provided with positioning grooves, the middle of the total mounting bottom plate (12) is provided with heat insulation holes, positioning bosses are designed at the bottoms of the loading box (4) and the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13), the loading box (4) and the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13) are positioned with the total mounting bottom plate (12) through interference fit of the positioning bosses and the positioning grooves, and the loading box (4) and the driving end normal temperature and normal pressure box (13) are fixed on the total mounting bottom plate (12) through bolts.
4. A friction experiment apparatus in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 3, wherein: the side of the loading box (4) is provided with a loading box end cover (3), and the loading box end cover (3) is fixed on the loading box (4) through bolts.
5. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 4, wherein: a plug-in mounting plate (15) is arranged on the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13), and an air inlet (16), an electric connector (17) and an air outlet (18) are arranged on the plug-in mounting plate (15); the air inlet (16), the electric connector (17) and the air outlet (18) are all fixed on the plug-in mounting plate (15) through bolts, the plug-in mounting plate (15) is connected with the side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13) in a sealing mode, and the air inlet (16), the electric connector (17) and the air outlet (18) are connected with the plug-in mounting plate (15) in a sealing mode.
6. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 5, wherein: the servo amplifier bracket (35) is fixed on the top side wall of the driving end normal temperature and pressure box (13) through bolts.
7. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 6, wherein: the driving end normal temperature and pressure tank (13) is also provided with a normal temperature and pressure tank end cover.
8. The friction experiment device in a thermal vacuum environment according to claim 7, wherein: the coding disc (25) is a hollow coding disc (25), and the shell of the coding disc (25) is fixed on the first bracket (24) through bolts.
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