CN112780583A - Fuel cell stack and two-stage centrifugal compressor - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack and two-stage centrifugal compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112780583A CN112780583A CN202110155659.4A CN202110155659A CN112780583A CN 112780583 A CN112780583 A CN 112780583A CN 202110155659 A CN202110155659 A CN 202110155659A CN 112780583 A CN112780583 A CN 112780583A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/4226—Fan casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell stack and a two-stage centrifugal compressor, wherein the two-stage centrifugal compressor comprises a motor, a first-stage compressor and a second-stage compressor. Compressed air entering a primary compressor is directly introduced into a U-shaped cooling channel, the air in the U-shaped cooling channel is cooled by a water cooling device on a shell, then the air enters an annular cavity and is divided, one path of air enters a space between a stator and a rotor through a first cavity and a thrust bearing and a first radial air bearing, the other path of air enters a space between the shell and the stator of the motor through a third through hole of a front end cover, the two paths of air are combined and then pass through a gap between the stator and the rotor to cool the rotor, the interior of the motor can be cooled, and the cooling effect is better; in addition, the air temperature in the U-shaped cooling channel is low, so that heat on the stator and the rotor can be taken away as much as possible, and effective heat dissipation of the air supply device is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell stack and a two-stage centrifugal compressor.
Background
The high rotational speed of the compressor generates a large amount of heat during operation, and heat dissipation is a problem that must be considered in the compressor.
The prior art discloses a two-stage centrifugal compressor, which comprises a one-stage compressor, a motor and a two-stage compressor, wherein an intermediate pipeline is arranged between an outlet of a first volute of the one-stage compressor and an inlet of a second volute of the two-stage compressor, a first air-conditioning joint is arranged on the intermediate pipeline, a second air-conditioning joint is arranged at the upper end, close to the first volute, of a shell of the two-stage centrifugal compressor, a third air-conditioning joint is arranged at the lower end of the shell of the two-stage centrifugal compressor, and the first air-conditioning joint and the second air-conditioning joint are communicated through. During cooling, cold air is supplied into the first cold air joint and the second cold air joint, and the air sequentially passes through a cooling channel in the shell of the two-stage centrifugal compressor, a gap between a radial bearing on the right side of the motor and the rotor, a gap between a stator of the motor and the shell of the two-stage centrifugal compressor and the rotor of the motor respectively, a gap between the radial bearing on the left side of the motor and the rotor, and the like, and is finally discharged through the third cold air joint. In the prior art, compressed air is introduced from an intermediate pipeline and enters a shell of a two-stage centrifugal compressor to cool a motor, a rotor and a bearing.
However, in the cooling method of the two-stage centrifugal compressor disclosed in the prior art, air discharged from the one-stage compressor is introduced into the casing of the two-stage centrifugal compressor, and the temperature of compressed air discharged from the one-stage compressor is high, which is not good for the heat dissipation effect inside the two-stage centrifugal compressor.
Therefore, how to achieve effective heat dissipation of the two-stage centrifugal compressor is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a two-stage centrifugal compressor to achieve efficient heat dissipation of the two-stage centrifugal compressor. The invention also provides a fuel cell stack.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a two-stage centrifugal compressor comprises a motor, a first-stage compressor and a second-stage compressor,
a first through hole is formed in a first-stage diffuser of the first-stage compressor, and the first through hole is formed along the axis direction of the first-stage diffuser;
a second through hole communicated with the first through hole is formed in the front end cover of the motor, and the second through hole is formed in the axial direction of the front end cover;
a U-shaped cooling channel is formed in a shell of the motor, the U-shaped cooling channel is formed along the axis direction of the shell, and one linear channel of the U-shaped cooling channel is communicated with the second through hole;
the side of the first-stage volute of the first-stage compressor, which is opposite to the shell of the motor, the side of the shell of the motor, which is opposite to the first-stage volute, the periphery of the front end cover of the motor and the periphery of the first-stage diffuser form an annular cavity, and the annular cavity is communicated with the other linear channel of the U-shaped cooling channel;
a first annular groove is formed in one side, opposite to a first-stage diffuser of the first-stage compressor, of the front end cover, the first annular groove is matched with the front end cover to form a first cavity for mounting a thrust disc and a thrust bearing, a groove for communicating the annular cavity with the first cavity is formed in the front end cover, and the first cavity is communicated with a gap between a rotor and a stator of the motor through a first radial air bearing between the rotor and the front end cover of the motor and used for supplying cooling air to the gap between the rotor and the stator;
the second stage diffuser of the secondary compressor and one side opposite to the rear end cover of the motor are provided with a second annular groove, one side opposite to the rear end cover of the secondary compressor is provided with a third annular groove, the second annular groove is communicated with the third annular groove, the second annular groove is communicated with a second cavity formed by the third annular groove, the second cavity is communicated with a gap between the stator and the rotor through a second radial air bearing between the rotor and the rear end cover and used for discharging cooled air into the second cavity, and the second cavity is communicated with an air outlet of a shell of the motor.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor, a third through hole is formed in the front end cover at a position corresponding to the winding end portion of the stator, the third through hole is communicated with the first cavity,
and a fourth through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the winding end part of the stator, of the rear end cover, and the fourth through hole is communicated with the second cavity.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor, the U-shaped cooling passage is integrally formed with the housing.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor, the closed ends of the U-shaped cooling channels are located at a distance of 30 to 50mm from the rear end cover.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor, the number of the U-shaped cooling passages is one or more and is distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing, and the number of the U-shaped cooling passages is equal to the number of the second through holes.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor described above, the U-shaped cooling passage is located close to the axis of the casing with respect to the water cooling passage of the casing.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor, an exhaust passage communicated with the second cavity is formed in the casing, the exhaust passage is arranged along an axial direction of the casing, the casing is provided with an air outlet communicated with the exhaust passage, and the air outlet is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the casing.
Preferably, in the two-stage centrifugal compressor, the length of the discharge passage is 10 to 15 mm.
A fuel cell stack comprising an air supply means, the air supply means being a two-stage centrifugal compressor, the two-stage centrifugal compressor being as described in any one of the above aspects.
According to the technical scheme, the two-stage centrifugal compressor comprises the motor, the first-stage compressor and the second-stage compressor. Compressed air entering a diffusion area of a primary compressor is directly led into a U-shaped cooling channel of a motor shell, the air in the U-shaped cooling channel is cooled by a water cooling device on the shell, then the air enters an annular cavity formed by a primary volute, the shell, a front end cover and a diffuser, then the air is divided, one path of air enters a space between a stator and a rotor through a first cavity and a first radial air bearing, the other path of air enters a space between the shell and the stator of the motor through a third through hole of the front end cover, the two paths of air are combined and then pass through a gap between the stator and the rotor to cool the rotor, compared with a mode that only the shell of the motor is cooled in the prior art, the inside of the motor can be cooled, and simultaneously, compared with a mode that the air led out by the primary compressor cools the motor in the prior art, the cooling effect is better; in addition, the air in the U-shaped cooling channel can be cooled by the water cooling device on the shell, and compared with the mode that the motor is cooled by the cooling gas which is introduced into the motor from the intercooler in the prior art, the temperature of the air is lower, the heat on the stator and the rotor can be taken away as much as possible, and the effective heat dissipation of the air supply device is realized.
The scheme discloses a fuel cell stack, which comprises a gas supply device, wherein the gas supply device is a two-stage centrifugal compressor, and the two-stage centrifugal compressor is the two-stage centrifugal compressor described in any one scheme.
Since the two-stage centrifugal compressor has the technical effects, the fuel cell stack with the two-stage centrifugal compressor also has the same technical effects, and the details are not repeated herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a two-stage centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a gas path diagram of a two-stage centrifugal compressor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a gas path diagram of a two-stage centrifugal compressor provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a front end cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a left side view of a front end cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
100. The two-stage centrifugal compressor comprises a two-stage centrifugal compressor body 1, a one-stage diffuser 11, a first through hole 2, a front end cover 21, a second through hole 22, a third through hole 23, a first annular groove 24, a groove 25, a fifth through hole 3, a shell 31, a U-shaped cooling channel 32, an exhaust channel 4, a one-stage volute 5, an annular cavity 6, a rotor 7, a stator 8, a rear end cover 81, a fourth through hole 9, a two-stage volute 10, a two-stage diffuser 12, a first radial air bearing 121, a second radial air bearing 13, a thrust bearing 14, a thrust disc 15, a one-stage impeller 16, an air inlet 17 and a two-stage impeller.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a two-stage centrifugal compressor, which aims to realize effective heat dissipation of the two-stage centrifugal compressor. The invention also discloses a fuel cell stack.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1-6.
The invention discloses a two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 comprising a motor, a first stage compressor and a second stage compressor.
As shown in fig. 1, the one-stage compressor includes a one-stage volute 4, a one-stage impeller 15, and a one-stage diffuser 1, and the one-stage impeller 15 is fixedly mounted on the rotor 6 and is located between the one-stage volute 4 and the one-stage diffuser 1. The inside of the first-stage volute 4 is provided with a first-stage pressurizing cavity, the center of the first-stage volute 4 is provided with an air inlet 16, the side wall of the first-stage volute 4 in the circumferential direction is provided with an air outlet, air enters from the air inlet 16 of the first-stage volute 4, enters the first-stage pressurizing cavity after passing through the first-stage impeller 15 and is further pressurized under the action of the first-stage diffuser 1, and the pressurized air is discharged through the air outlet of the first-stage volute 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the two-stage compressor has the same structure as the one-stage compressor, including the two-stage volute 9, the two-stage impeller 17 and the two-stage diffuser 10, and the working principle is also the same. The air inlet of the second-stage volute 9 is communicated with the air outlet of the first-stage volute 4 through a pipeline, and the air outlet of the second-stage volute 9 is communicated with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack.
As shown in fig. 1, the motor includes a housing 3, a stator 7, and a rotor 6. The rotor 6 is arranged coaxially with the housing 3, and the stator 7 is mounted on the housing 3. The rotor 6 is supported by a first radial air bearing 12 and a second radial air bearing 121 which are arranged on the front end cover 2 and the rear end cover 8. A water cooling device formed by a water cooling channel is arranged in the shell 3, and the water cooling channel is spirally formed along the circumferential direction of the shell 3 and is used for cooling the shell 3 of the motor.
The cooling structure of the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 is improved by the scheme, and effective heat dissipation of the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 is realized.
The cooling structure disclosed by the scheme can effectively cool the inside of the motor on the basis of the original water cooling device of the shell 3 of the motor.
Specifically, a first through hole 11 is formed in a first-stage diffuser 1 of the first-stage compressor, the first through hole 11 is formed along the axial direction of the first-stage diffuser 1, and the first through hole 11 is communicated with a first-stage volute 4 of the first-stage compressor;
a second through hole 21 communicated with the first through hole 11 is formed in the front end cover 2 of the motor, and the second through hole 21 is formed along the axial direction of the front end cover 2;
a U-shaped cooling channel 31 is arranged in a shell 3 of the motor, the U-shaped cooling channel 31 is arranged along the axial direction of the shell 3, one end, close to a primary compressor, of the U-shaped cooling channel 31 is an open end, one end, close to a secondary compressor, of the U-shaped cooling channel 31 is a closed end, the closed end is arc-shaped, the U-shaped cooling channel 31 comprises two linear channels and an arc-shaped channel, two ends of the arc-shaped channel are respectively communicated with the two linear channels, the two linear channels are parallel to the axial direction of the shell 3, the linear channels extend from the primary compressor to the secondary compressor, and one of the linear channels of the U-shaped cooling channel 31 is communicated with a second;
the side of the first-stage volute 4 of the first-stage compressor, which is opposite to the casing 3 of the motor, the side of the casing 3 of the motor, which is opposite to the first-stage volute 4, the periphery of the front end cover 2 of the motor and the periphery of the first-stage diffuser 1 are matched to form an annular cavity 5, the annular cavity 5 is communicated with the other linear channel of the U-shaped cooling channel 31, and here, a fifth through hole 25 for communicating the other linear channel of the U-shaped cooling channel 31 with the annular cavity 5 is formed in the front end cover 2;
a first annular groove 23 is formed in one side, opposite to a first-stage diffuser 1 of a first-stage compressor, of a front end cover 2 of the motor, a notch of the first annular groove 23 faces the front end cover 2, the first annular groove 23 is matched with the front end cover 2 to form a first cavity for mounting a thrust disc 14 and a thrust bearing 13, the diameter of the first annular groove 23 is larger than that of the thrust disc 14, a groove 24 for communicating the annular cavity 5 with the first cavity is formed in the front end cover 2, the first cavity is communicated with a gap between a rotor 6 and a stator 7 of the motor through a first radial air bearing 12 between the rotor 6 and the front end cover 2 of the motor, and is used for supplying air to the gap between the rotor 6 and the stator 7;
a second annular groove is formed in one side, opposite to the rear end cover 8 of the motor, of a second-stage diffuser 10 of the second-stage compressor, a third annular groove is formed in one side, opposite to the rear end cover 8 of the second-stage compressor, of the rear end cover 8, the second annular groove is communicated with the third annular groove, a second cavity is formed by the second annular groove and the third annular groove, the second cavity is communicated with a gap between the stator 7 and the rotor 6 through a second radial air bearing 121 between the rotor 6 and the rear end cover, and is used for discharging cooled air into the second cavity, and the second cavity is communicated with an air outlet in the shell 3 of the motor.
The flow path of the air in the air supply device during cooling is as follows:
air enters the first-stage compressor through an inlet of the first-stage compressor and is subjected to first pressurization in the first-stage compressor;
the air after the first pressurization sequentially passes through a first through hole 11 of a first-stage diffuser 1 of a first-stage compressor and a second through hole 21 of a front end cover 2 of a motor to enter a U-shaped cooling channel 31 of a shell 3 of the motor, and a water cooling device of the shell 3 cools the air in the U-shaped cooling channel 31;
the cooled cooling air enters the annular cavity 5, and the air in the annular cavity 5 enters the first cavity through the groove 24 on the front end cover 2;
the cooling air in the first cavity is communicated with the gap between the rotor 6 and the stator 7 of the motor through a first radial air bearing 12 between the rotor 6 and the front end cover 2 of the motor, and is used for supplying cooling air to the gap between the rotor 6 and the stator 7, and the cooling air moves along the gap between the stator 7 and the rotor 6;
then the air after cooling the stator 7 and the rotor 6 enters the second cavity through a second radial air bearing 121 between the rotor 6 and the rear sealing cover;
the air entering the second cavity is discharged through the air outlet of the housing 3 of the motor.
Here, the water cooling device cools the air that enters the U-shaped cooling passage 31 through the second through hole 21 so that the temperature of the air that cools the rotor and the stator is lower than the temperature of the intercooler.
Since the second cavity is provided along the second-stage volute 9 and the second-stage diffuser 10, the air can simultaneously take away the heat generated when the second-stage compressor operates.
The cooling structure of the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 disclosed by the scheme is characterized in that air entering the first-stage compressor is directly introduced into the U-shaped cooling channel 31 of the motor shell 3, the air in the U-shaped cooling channel 31 is cooled by the water cooling device, then the air enters the annular cavity 5 formed by the first-stage volute 4, the shell 3, the front end cover 2 and the diffuser, and then the air enters the space between the stator 7 and the rotor 6 through the first cavity to cool the stator 7 and the rotor 6, and compared with a mode of only cooling the shell 3 of the motor in the prior art, the cooling structure can cool the interior of the motor, and compared with a mode of cooling the motor by introducing the air in the first-stage compressor in the prior art, the cooling effect is better; in addition, the air in the U-shaped cooling channel 31 can be cooled by the water cooling device on the housing 3, and compared with a mode that cooling air is introduced into the motor from the intercooler to cool the motor in the prior art, the temperature of the air is lower, heat on the stator 7 and the rotor 6 can be taken away as much as possible, and effective heat dissipation of the air supply device is realized.
In order to further enhance the cooling effect on the motor, the front end cover 2 is provided with a third through hole 22 at a position corresponding to the winding end of the stator 7, and the third through hole 22 is communicated with the first cavity. That is to say, the air entering the first cavity is divided into two paths, the two paths of air enter the third through hole 22 and the first radial air bearing 12 respectively, the air entering the housing 3 through the third through hole 22 cools the winding end of the stator 7, the air passing through the first radial air bearing 12 cools the position between the stator 7 and the rotor 6, and the air entering the space between the winding end of the stator 7 and the housing 3 enters the space between the other winding end of the stator 7 and the housing 3 along the gap between the stator 7 and the rotor 6 to cool the other winding end of the stator 7.
The rear end cover is provided with a fourth through hole 81 corresponding to the winding end part of the stator 7, the fourth through hole 81 is communicated with the second cavity, air entering between the other winding end part of the stator 7 and the shell 3 is discharged to the second cavity, and finally the air is discharged through an air outlet of the shell 3 communicated with the second cavity.
That is, both the air for cooling the winding overhang of the stator 7 and the air for cooling the gap between the stator 7 and the rotor 6 enter the second cavity and are finally discharged through the air outlet of the housing 3 of the electric machine.
The air after cooling the motor is directly discharged through the air outlet of the shell 3, and the structure of the air outlet channel in the motor is simplified.
In order to reduce the processing difficulty of the U-shaped cooling channel 31, the U-shaped cooling channel 31 and the housing 3 are integrally formed in the scheme.
In the scheme, a first cavity is formed between the motor and the first-stage compressor, a second cavity is formed between the second-stage diffuser 10 of the second-stage compressor and the rear end cover 8, the closed end of the U-shaped cooling channel 31 cannot extend into the second cavity, and preferably, the distance between the closed end of the U-shaped cooling channel 31 and the rear end cover is 30-50 mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the U-shaped cooling passages 31 is plural, and the number of the first through holes 11 and the second through holes 21 is plural. The plurality of U-shaped cooling passages 31 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the housing 3, the second through holes 21 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the front end cover 2, the first through holes 11 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the one-stage diffuser 1, and the number of the U-shaped cooling passages 31, the number of the first through holes 11, and the number of the second through holes 21 are equal.
The shell 3 of the motor is provided with a water cooling channel, the shell 3 of the motor is cooled by introducing cooling water into the water cooling channel, and meanwhile, air in the U-shaped cooling channel is cooled. As shown in fig. 1, the U-shaped cooling channel 31 in this embodiment is close to the axis of the housing 3 with respect to the water cooling channel of the housing 3.
As shown in fig. 1, an air outlet for discharging air in the second cavity is provided on the housing 3 of the motor. Specifically, an exhaust passage 32 communicated with the second cavity is formed in the shell 3, the exhaust passage 32 is arranged along the axis direction of the shell 3, an air outlet communicated with the exhaust passage 32 is formed in the shell 3, and the air outlet is arranged along the axis direction perpendicular to the shell 3.
As shown in fig. 1, the exhaust passage 32 and the air outlet form an L-shaped passage.
Preferably, the length of the vent passage 32 is 10-15 mm.
The present embodiment discloses a fuel cell stack including a gas supply device, the gas supply device being a two-stage centrifugal compressor 100, the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 being the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 described in any one of the above embodiments.
Since the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 has the above technical effects, the fuel cell stack having the two-stage centrifugal compressor 100 also has the same technical effects, and the details thereof are not repeated herein.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A two-stage centrifugal compressor is characterized by comprising a motor, a first-stage compressor and a second-stage compressor,
a first through hole (11) is formed in a first-stage diffuser (1) of the first-stage compressor, and the first through hole (11) is formed along the axial direction of the first-stage diffuser (1);
a front end cover (2) of the motor is provided with a second through hole (21) communicated with the first through hole (11), and the second through hole (21) is formed along the axial direction of the front end cover (2);
a U-shaped cooling channel (31) is formed in a shell (3) of the motor, the U-shaped cooling channel (31) is formed in the axial direction of the shell (3), and one linear channel of the U-shaped cooling channel (31) is communicated with the second through hole (21);
one side of the first-stage volute (4) of the first-stage compressor, which is opposite to the shell (3) of the motor, one side of the shell (3) of the motor, which is opposite to the first-stage volute (4), the periphery of the front end cover (2) of the motor and the periphery of the first-stage diffuser (1) form an annular cavity (5), and the annular cavity (5) is communicated with the other linear channel of the U-shaped cooling channel (31);
a first annular groove (23) is formed in one side, opposite to a first-stage diffuser (1) of the first-stage compressor, of the front end cover (2), the first annular groove (23) and the front end cover (2) are matched to form a first cavity used for mounting a thrust disc (14) and a thrust bearing (13), a groove (24) used for communicating the annular cavity (5) with the first cavity is formed in the front end cover (2), and the first cavity is communicated with a gap between the rotor (6) and a stator (7) of the motor through a first radial air bearing (12) between the rotor (6) and the front end cover (2) of the motor and used for supplying cooling air to the gap between the rotor (6) and the stator (7);
the second-stage compressor is characterized in that a second annular groove is formed in one side, opposite to a rear end cover (8), of the second-stage diffuser (10) of the second-stage compressor, a third annular groove is formed in one side, opposite to the rear end cover (10), of the rear end cover (8), the second annular groove is communicated with the third annular groove, a second cavity is formed by the second annular groove and the third annular groove, the second cavity is used for discharging cooled air into the second cavity through a second radial air bearing (121) between the rotor (6) and the rear end cover and a gap between the stator (7) and the rotor (6), and the second cavity is communicated with an air outlet of a shell (3) of the motor.
2. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end cover (2) is provided with a third through hole (22) in a position corresponding to the winding overhang of the stator (7), said third through hole (22) communicating with the first cavity,
and a fourth through hole (81) is formed in the position, corresponding to the winding end part of the stator (7), of the rear end cover (8), and the fourth through hole (81) is communicated with the second cavity.
3. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the U-shaped cooling channel (31) is formed integrally with the housing (3).
4. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterised in that the closed ends of the U-shaped cooling channels (31) are at a distance of 30-50mm from the rear end cover (8).
5. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of said U-shaped cooling channels (31) is one or more and is distributed along the circumferential direction of said shell (3), the number of said U-shaped cooling channels (31) being equal to the number of said second through holes (21).
6. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the U-shaped cooling channel (31) is close to the axis of the shell (3) with respect to the water cooling channels of the shell (3).
7. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, wherein a discharge passage (32) communicating with the second cavity is formed in the housing (3), the discharge passage (32) being provided in the axial direction of the housing (3), the housing (3) being provided with an outlet port communicating with the discharge passage (32), the outlet port being provided in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the housing (3).
8. A two-stage centrifugal compressor according to claim 7, characterised in that the length of the discharge channel (32) is 10-15 mm.
9. A fuel cell stack, characterized by comprising a gas supply device which is a two-stage centrifugal compressor (100), the two-stage centrifugal compressor (100) being a two-stage centrifugal compressor (100) according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN202110155659.4A CN112780583B (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Fuel cell stack and two-stage centrifugal compressor |
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| CN112780583B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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