CN112768928A - Antenna assembly and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Antenna assembly and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112768928A CN112768928A CN202011611843.7A CN202011611843A CN112768928A CN 112768928 A CN112768928 A CN 112768928A CN 202011611843 A CN202011611843 A CN 202011611843A CN 112768928 A CN112768928 A CN 112768928A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 52
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses an antenna assembly and electronic equipment. The antenna assembly includes: the antenna comprises a first antenna, a second antenna and a third antenna, wherein the first antenna comprises a first grounding point, the second antenna comprises a second grounding point, the third antenna comprises a third grounding point, the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are arranged at intervals, and the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are used for transmitting ultra-wideband radio frequency signals; the first grounding point, the second grounding point and the third grounding point are all arranged on the metal floor, the metal floor is provided with a first gap, and the first gap enables the metal floor to form a defected ground structure. The embodiment of the application changes the current distribution of the metal floor by forming the defect ground on the metal floor provided with the first grounding point, the second grounding point and the third grounding point, thereby changing the far field radiation of the antenna assembly, avoiding the problem of polarization mismatch when the antenna assembly is used for positioning, and improving the positioning precision of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna assembly and electronic equipment.
Background
In the prior art, an antenna is required for an electronic device to transmit or receive radio frequency signals. The antenna can be used for transmitting radio frequency signals and realizing a positioning function, and due to the fact that different antenna polarization directions have differences, the problem of polarization mismatch is easily caused when the antenna is positioned through different antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly and electronic equipment, a defect ground is formed on a metal floor provided with a first grounding point, a second grounding point and a third grounding point, and the current distribution of the metal floor is changed, so that the far-field radiation of the antenna assembly is changed.
A first antenna including a first ground point;
a second antenna comprising a second ground point;
the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are arranged at intervals and are all used for transmitting ultra-wideband radio-frequency signals;
the first grounding point, the second grounding point and the third grounding point are all arranged on the metal floor, and the metal floor is provided with a first gap which enables the metal floor to form a defected ground structure.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including:
a housing; and
an antenna assembly as described above, wherein the antenna assembly is housed within the housing.
The embodiment of the application changes the current distribution of the metal floor by forming the defected ground structure on the metal floor provided with the first grounding point, the second grounding point and the third grounding point, thereby changing the far field radiation of the antenna assembly, avoiding the problem of polarization mismatch when the antenna assembly is used for positioning, and improving the positioning precision of the antenna.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a radiation pattern of the horizontal phi and theta components of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a radiation pattern of the horizontal phi/theta components of the provided antenna assembly of FIG. 3.
Fig. 6 is a PDOA plot of the horizontal plane theta component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a PDOA diagram of the horizontal plane phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
FIG. 8 is a radiation pattern for vertical planes phi and theta components of the antenna assembly provided in FIG. 3
Fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of the vertical plane theta/phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
Fig. 10 is a graph of PDOA for the vertical plane theta component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
Fig. 11 is a PDOA diagram for the vertical plane phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
Fig. 12 is a third structural schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a first structure of a metal floor provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna assembly shown in fig. 12 taken along the P-P direction.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a second structure of a metal floor provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a third structure of a metal floor provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of the metal floor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth structure of a metal floor provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 19 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of a metal floor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh structure of a metal floor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 21 is a horizontal plane theta component radiation pattern of the first and second antennas of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12.
Fig. 22 is a horizontal phi component radiation pattern of the first and second antennas of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12.
Fig. 23 is a PDOA plot of the horizontal plane theta component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12.
Fig. 24 is a PDOA plot of the horizontal phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without inventive step, are within the scope of the present application.
With the iterative development of communication technology, an antenna is needed for an electronic device to transmit or receive radio frequency signals, the antenna can be used for transmitting the radio frequency signals and also can be used for realizing a positioning function, and due to the fact that different antenna polarization directions are different, polarization mismatch is easily caused when positioning is carried out through different antennas.
In order to solve the problem, the embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The electronic device 100 may include a display screen 110, a housing 120, a circuit board 130, and a battery 140.
The display screen 110 is disposed on the housing 120 to form a display surface of the electronic device 100, and is used for displaying information such as images and texts. The Display screen 110 may include a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) Display screen.
It is understood that the display screen 110 may include a display surface and a non-display surface opposite the display surface. The display surface is the surface of the display screen 110 facing the user, i.e. the surface of the display screen 110 visible to the user on the electronic device 100. The non-display surface is a surface of the display screen 110 facing the inside of the electronic device 100. The display surface is used for displaying information, and the non-display surface does not display information.
It is understood that a cover plate may be further disposed on the display screen 110 to protect the display screen 110 and prevent the display screen 110 from being scratched or damaged by water. The cover may be a transparent glass cover, so that a user can observe the contents displayed on the display screen 110 through the cover. It will be appreciated that the cover plate may be a glass cover plate of sapphire material.
The housing 120 is used to form an outer contour of the electronic apparatus 100 so as to accommodate electronic devices, functional components, and the like of the electronic apparatus 100, while forming a sealing and protecting function for the electronic devices and functional components inside the electronic apparatus. For example, functional components of the electronic device 100 such as a camera, a circuit board, a vibration motor, etc. may be disposed inside the housing 120. It is understood that the housing 120 may include a middle frame and a rear cover.
The middle frame may have a thin plate-like or sheet-like structure, or may have a hollow frame structure. The middle frame may be used to provide support for electronic devices or functional components in the electronic device 100 to mount the electronic devices, functional components of the electronic device 100 together. For example, the middle frame may be provided with a groove, a protrusion, or the like, so as to facilitate mounting of the electronic device or the functional component of the electronic apparatus 100. It is understood that the material of the middle frame may include metal or plastic.
Wherein, the back cover can be connected with the middle frame. For example, the rear cover may be attached to the middle frame by an adhesive such as a double-sided tape to achieve connection with the middle frame. The rear cover may be used to seal the electronic devices and functional components of the electronic device 100 inside the electronic device 100 together with the middle frame and the display screen 110, so as to protect the electronic devices and functional components of the electronic device 100. It will be appreciated that the battery cover may be integrally formed. In the forming process of the rear cover, a structure such as a camera mounting hole of the rear camera can be formed on the rear cover. It is understood that the material of the rear cover may also include metal or plastic.
The circuit board 130 may be disposed inside the case 120. For example, the circuit board 130 may be mounted on a middle frame of the case 120 to be fixed, and the circuit board 130 is sealed inside the electronic device by a battery cover. Specifically, the circuit board 130 may be mounted on one side of the carrier plate, and the display screen 110 is mounted on the other side of the carrier plate. The circuit board 130 may be a main board of the electronic device 100. One or more of functional components such as a processor, a camera, an earphone interface, an acceleration sensor, a gyroscope, and a motor may also be integrated on the circuit board 130. Meanwhile, the display screen 110 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 130 to control the display of the display screen 110 by a processor on the circuit board 130.
Wherein the battery 140 may be disposed inside the case 120. For example, the battery 140 may be mounted on a middle frame of the case 120 to be fixed, and the battery 140 may be sealed inside the electronic device 100 by a battery cover. Meanwhile, the battery 140 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 130 to enable the battery 140 to supply power to the electronic device 100. The circuit board 130 may be provided thereon with a power management circuit. The power management circuit is used to distribute the voltage provided by the battery 140 to the various electronic devices in the electronic apparatus 100.
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, people put higher requirements on wireless communication, and as a new short-distance wireless communication technology, UWB (Ultra wide band) wireless communication technology is gradually called a trend of current wireless communication technology development due to its characteristics of high transmission rate, low power, high security number, strong anti-multipath capability, low cost, and the like. The electronic device 100 is further provided with an antenna assembly 150, the antenna assembly 150 is configured to transmit an ultra Wide band radio frequency signal to the outside, that is, the antenna assembly 150 may be an antenna assembly composed of a plurality of UWB (ultra Wide band) antennas, UWB wireless communication is a mode of communicating with pulses with extremely short time intervals (less than 1ns) without using a carrier, and is a carrier-free communication technology that transmits data using nanosecond to picosecond-level non-sine wave narrow pulses. By transmitting very low power signals over a wide frequency spectrum, UWB can achieve data transmission rates of hundreds of Mbit/s to Gbit/s over a range of about 10 meters. The anti-interference performance is strong, the transmission rate is high, the system capacity is large, and the transmission power is very small. UWB antenna transmission power is very small and communication devices can communicate with less than 1mW of transmission power. The low transmitting power greatly prolongs the working time of the system power supply. Moreover, the emission power is low, and the influence of electromagnetic wave radiation on a human body is small.
The UWB antenna can be accurately positioned indoors, for example, an electronic device equipped with the UWB antenna can recognize other nearby UWB tag antennas through the UWB antenna, so that the positions of other electronic devices can be determined according to the UWB tag antennas of other electronic devices. For example, please refer to fig. 2 continuously, wherein fig. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided in this application.
The antenna assembly 150 includes a first antenna 151, a second antenna 152 and a third antenna 153, the first antenna 151, the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 are disposed in the electronic device at intervals, wherein the first antenna 151 and the second antenna 152 are disposed at intervals along a first direction, the first antenna 151 and the third antenna 153 are disposed at intervals along a second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the first antenna 151, the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 are all used for transmitting ultra wideband radio frequency signals, each antenna is used as a UWB antenna, and the positioning of other electronic devices provided with UWB tags can be achieved.
In some embodiments, the UWB antenna may be configured to transmit ultra-wideband radio signals of different frequency bands, please continue to refer to fig. 3, where fig. 3 is a second structural diagram of the antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The antenna assembly 150 includes a first antenna 151, a second antenna 152 and a third antenna 153, the first antenna 151, the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 are disposed in the electronic device at intervals, wherein the first antenna 151 and the second antenna 152 are disposed at intervals along a first direction, the first antenna 151 and the third antenna 153 are disposed at intervals along a second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the first antenna 151, the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 are all used for transmitting ultra wideband radio frequency signals, each antenna is used as a UWB antenna, and the positioning of other electronic devices provided with UWB tags can be achieved.
The first antenna 151 includes a first radiator 1510, a first notch 1511, a second notch 1512, a third notch 1513 and a fourth notch 1514 are disposed at an edge of the first radiator 1510, the first notch 1511 and the second notch 1512 are symmetrically disposed on a first axis X of a center point 1515 of the first radiator, the third notch 1513 and the fourth notch 1514 are symmetrically disposed on a second axis Y of the center point 1515 of the first radiator 1510, the first axis X is perpendicular to the second axis Y, a current direction of the first radiator 1510 can be changed by disposing the first notch 1511, the second notch 1512, the third notch 1513 and the fourth notch 1514 on the first radiator 1510, and thus a frequency band of a radiation signal transmitted by the first radiator 1510 can be changed, the first antenna 151 can transmit ultra-wideband radio frequency signals of different frequency bands, for example, the first antenna 151 can transmit high frequency signals in an ultra wideband radio frequency signal range and transmit low frequency signals in an ultra wideband radio frequency signal range, to form a dual-band UWB antenna that can transmit radio frequency signals of different frequency bands.
The second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 have similar structures to the first antenna 151, and the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 both include the first radiator 1510 and can form a dual-band UWB antenna capable of transmitting radio frequency signals of different frequency bands.
In the examples of fig. 2 and 3, due to uncertainty of the polarization direction of the UWB tag antenna signal, positioning by the UWB antenna easily causes a problem of polarization mismatch, that is, a zero point of an antenna radiation pattern acquired when positioning is performed by the PDOA method is easily located in a field range, so that a PDOA curve acquired according to the antenna radiation pattern has a coordinate point with a sudden slope, so that an error occurs when calculating the position of another electronic device according to the PDOA curve, and the positioning accuracy is not high.
Positioning tests were conducted with the three dual-band antennas shown in fig. 3, and referring to fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 shows the radiation patterns of the horizontal phi and theta components of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3, and fig. 5 shows the radiation patterns of the horizontal phi/theta components of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
As shown in FIG. 4, curve A is the radiation direction curve of the horizontal plane phi component of the first antenna, curve B is the radiation direction curve of the horizontal plane phi component of the second antenna, curve C is the radiation direction curve of the horizontal plane theta component of the first antenna, curve D is the radiation direction curve of the horizontal plane theta component of the second antenna, the radiation patterns of the first and second antennas phi/theta components shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained by the radiation direction curves of the first and second antennas, curve E is the radiation direction curve of the first antenna phi/theta component, and curve F is the radiation direction curve of the second antenna phi/theta component, as can be seen from FIG. 5, at least 4 null points exist in the radiation patterns of the first and second antennas phi/theta components within the field angle range, such as the first null point (17, -30.12), Second null (-58.81, -21.2), third null (4.637, 28.06), and fourth null (47.05, -24.53), the field of view range of the antenna assembly positioning test of the present application is-60 ° to 60 °, 17 ° of the first null, -58.81 ° of the second null, 4.637 ° of the third null, and 47.05 of the fourth null all lie within the field of view range, resulting in an anomaly in the horizontal plane PDOA curves obtained from the first antenna and the second antenna, please continue to refer to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a PDOA plot of the horizontal plane theta component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3, and fig. 7 is a PDOA plot of the horizontal plane phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
The PDOA curves corresponding to the theta components of the first and second antenna levels are monotonous, and there is no abrupt change, and the PDOA curves corresponding to the phi components of the first and second antenna levels are not monotonous, and there is an abrupt monotonous change at the above-mentioned zero point, as illustrated by the circled portion in fig. 7. Therefore, the phase difference is abnormal when the first antenna and the second antenna are used for positioning, so that errors occur when the position of the UWB tag is calculated according to the phase difference, and the positioning accuracy is not accurate.
With continued reference to fig. 8 and 9, fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the radiation patterns of the vertical planes phi and theta components of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3. Fig. 9 is a radiation pattern of the vertical plane theta/phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 8, a curve H is a radiation direction curve of the phi component on the vertical surface of the first antenna, a curve I is a radiation direction curve of the phi component on the vertical surface of the third antenna, a curve J is a radiation direction curve of the theta component on the vertical surface of the first antenna, a curve K is a radiation direction curve of the theta component on the vertical surface of the third antenna, radiation patterns of the theta/phi components of the first and third antennas shown in fig. 9 can be obtained by the radiation direction curves of the first and third antennas, a curve L is a radiation direction curve of the theta/phi component of the first antenna, and a curve M is a radiation direction curve of the phi/theta component of the third antenna, as can be seen from fig. 9, at least 2 null points of the radiation patterns of the theta/phi components of the first and third antennas exist outside or near a critical value of the field angle range, such as a fifth null point (41.86, -37.83) and a sixth null (-63.12, -37.2), 41.86 ° of the fifth null being located within the field angle range, the sixth null-63.12 ° being close to-60 ° of the critical value of the field angle range, resulting in an anomaly in the horizontal plane PDOA curves obtained from the first and second antennas.
With continued reference to fig. 10 and 11, fig. 10 is a graph of PDOA for the vertical plane theta component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3. Fig. 11 is a PDOA diagram for the vertical plane phi component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 3.
The PDOA curves corresponding to the theta components on the vertical planes of the first and third antennas are monotonous, and there is no abrupt change, and the PDOA curves corresponding to the phi components on the vertical planes of the first and third antennas are not monotonous, and there is an abrupt monotonous change at the fifth and sixth zeros, as illustrated in fig. 11. Therefore, the phase difference is abnormal when the first antenna and the third antenna are used for positioning, so that errors occur when the position of the UWB tag is calculated according to the phase difference, and the positioning accuracy is not accurate.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes to improve the structure of an antenna assembly, please refer to fig. 12 and 13, where fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a metal floor provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The antenna assembly 150 includes a first antenna 151, a second antenna 152 and a third antenna 153, the first antenna 151, the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 are disposed at intervals in a housing of the electronic device, the first antenna 151, the second antenna 152 and the third antenna 153 are all used for transmitting ultra-wideband radio frequency signals, the first antenna 151 includes a first grounding point 1516, the second antenna 152 includes a second grounding point 1512, the third antenna 153 includes a third grounding point 1531, the antenna assembly 150 further includes a metal floor 156, the first grounding point 1516, the second grounding point 1522 and the third grounding point 1531 are disposed at intervals on the metal floor 156, the first antenna 151 is grounded through the first grounding point 1561, the second antenna 1522 is grounded through the second grounding point 2, the third antenna 153 is grounded through the third grounding point 1531, the metal floor 156 is provided with a first gap 1561, the first gap 1561 makes the metal floor 156 form a defected ground structure, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Defected Ground Structure (DGS) is formed by changing the Structure of the metal floor of the antenna assembly by etching, photolithography, or cutting, so as to change the distributed inductance and the distributed capacitance of the metal floor, and further change the radiation performance of the antenna Structure, and the first slot 1561 is provided in the metal floor, so that the metal floor forms the Defected Ground Structure, and the current distribution of the metal floor is changed, thereby changing the far-field radiation of the antenna assembly 150.
In some embodiments, the first slit may be a strip-shaped slit having a slit dimension in the first direction greater than 0 mm and a slit dimension in the second direction greater than or equal to 5 mm.
In some embodiments, the first slot 1561 may be disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the third ground point 1531, or between the first ground point 1516 and the second ground point 1522, according to practical requirements.
To illustrate the stacked structure of the antenna element, please continue to refer to fig. 14, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the antenna element shown in fig. 12 along the P-P direction in fig. 14.
Taking the example of the first antenna 151 and the second antenna 152, the first antenna 151 includes a first radiator 1510, a first dielectric substrate 1515, and a first grounding point 1516, the first radiator 1510 is disposed at an interval between the first dielectric substrate 1515 and the metal floor 156, the first dielectric substrate 1515 is provided with a via 1517, the first radiator 1510 is electrically connected to the first grounding point 1516 disposed on the metal floor 156 through a conductor passing through the via 1517, so that the first antenna 151 is grounded, of course, the first antenna 151 further includes a feeding point, and an electrical signal is transmitted to the first radiator through the feeding point, so that the first antenna 151 radiates an ultra-wideband radio frequency signal.
The second antenna 152 includes a second radiator 1520, a second dielectric substrate 1521 and a second grounding point 1522, the second radiator 1520 is disposed at an interval with the metal floor 156 through the second dielectric substrate 1521, the second dielectric substrate 1521 is provided with a via hole 1523, the second radiator 1510 is electrically connected to the second grounding point 1522 disposed on the metal floor 156 through a conductor penetrating through the via hole 1523, so that the second antenna 151 is grounded, of course, the second antenna 152 further includes a feeding point, an electrical signal is transmitted to the second radiator through the feeding point, so that the second antenna 152 radiates an ultra wideband radio frequency signal, and a first gap 1561 is disposed between the first grounding point 1516 and the second grounding point 1522.
In some embodiments, the first slot may be a strip slot having a slot dimension in the first direction greater than 0 mm and a slot dimension in the second direction greater than or equal to 5 mm, the first slot 1561 causing the metal floor 156 to form a defected structure that alters the current distribution of the metal floor, thereby altering the far field radiation of the antenna assembly.
In some embodiments, the metal floor is provided with a first gap and a second gap, please continue to refer to fig. 15 and fig. 16, fig. 15 is a second structural diagram of the metal floor provided in the embodiments of the present application, and fig. 16 is a third structural diagram of the metal floor provided in the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 15, the first slit 1561 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the third ground point 1531, the second slit 1562 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the second ground point 1522, both the first slit 1562 and the second slit 1562 are stripe-shaped slits, the size of the first slit 1561 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the size of the first slit 1561 in the second direction is greater than 0 mm, the size of the second slit 1562 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the size of the second slit 1562 in the first direction is greater than 0 mm, and the first slit 1561 and the second slit 1562 form a defective structure of the metal floor 156, thereby changing the current distribution of the metal floor and changing the far-field radiation of the antenna assembly.
As shown in fig. 16, a second gap 1562 may also be disposed on one side of the second grounding point 1522, and disposed in the metal floor 156 in parallel with the first gap 1561 along the first direction, for example, the gap size of the first gap 1561 along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the gap size of the first gap 1561 along the second direction is greater than 0 mm, the gap size of the second gap 1562 along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, and the gap size of the second gap 1562 along the second direction is greater than 0 mm.
In some embodiments, the metal floor is provided with a first gap, a second gap and a third gap, please refer to fig. 17, and fig. 17 is a fourth structural diagram of the metal floor according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
The first slit 1561 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the third ground point 1531, and the second slit 1562 is disposed on one side of the second ground point 1522 and is parallel to the first slit 1561 along the first direction. The third slit 1563 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the second ground point 1522, wherein the first slit 1561, the second slit 1562, and the third slit 1563 are all strip-shaped slits, and exemplarily, a slit size of the first slit 1561 along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, a slit size of the first slit 1561 along the second direction is greater than 0 mm, a slit size of the second slit 1562 along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, a slit size of the second slit 1562 along the second direction is greater than 0 mm, a slit size of the third slit along the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, a slit size of the third slit along the first direction is greater than 0 mm, and the first slit 1561, the second slit 1562, and the third slit 1563 form a defective structure of the metal floor 156, change a current distribution of the metal floor, and thereby change far-field radiation of the antenna assembly.
In some embodiments, the metal floor is provided with a first gap, a second gap, a third gap and a fourth gap, please continue to refer to fig. 18, and fig. 18 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of the metal floor provided in the embodiments of the present application.
The first slit 1561 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the third ground point 1531, and the second slit 1562 is disposed on one side of the second ground point 1522 and is parallel to the first slit 1561 along the first direction. The third slot 1563 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the second ground point 1522, and the fourth slot 1564 is disposed in parallel with the third slot 1563 along the second direction. The first slit 1561, the second slit 1562, the third slit 1563, and the fourth slit 1564 are all strip-shaped slits, and for example, the size of the first slit 1561 in the second direction is greater than 0 mm, the size of the second slit 1562 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the size of the second slit 1562 in the second direction is greater than 0 mm, the size of the third slit in the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the size of the third slit in the first direction is greater than 0 mm, the size of the fourth slit 1564 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, and the size of the fourth slit 1564 in the first direction is greater than 0 mm.
The first, second, third and fourth slots 1561, 1562, 1563, 1564 cause the metal floor 156 to form a defect in the antenna assembly 150, altering the current distribution in the metal floor, and thus altering the far field radiation of the antenna assembly.
In some embodiments, the metal floor is provided with a first gap and a fifth gap, please continue to refer to fig. 19, and fig. 19 is a sixth structural schematic diagram of the metal floor provided in the embodiments of the present application.
The first slit 1561 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the second ground point 1522, the fifth slit 1572 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the third ground point 1531, and the first slit 1561 and the fifth slit 1572 communicate with each other to form an L-shaped stripe slit, illustratively, the slit size of the first slit 1561 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the slit size of the first slit 1561 in the first direction is greater than 0 mm, the slit size of the fifth slit 1572 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the slit size of the fifth slit 1572 in the second direction is greater than 0 mm, and the first slit 1561 and the fifth slit 1572 form a defective structure of the metal floor 156, change the current distribution of the metal floor, and thereby change the far field radiation of the antenna assembly.
In some embodiments, the metal floor is provided with a first gap, a fifth gap and a sixth gap, please continue to refer to fig. 20, and fig. 20 is a seventh structural schematic diagram of the metal floor provided in the embodiments of the present application.
The first slit 1561 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the second ground point 1522, the fifth slit 1572 is disposed between the first ground point 1516 and the third ground point 1531, the sixth slit 1573 is disposed on one side of the third ground point 1522, and the first slit 1561, the fifth slit 1572 and the sixth slit 1573 are communicated with each other to form a T-shaped stripe slit, illustratively, the slit size of the first slit 1561 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the slit size of the first slit 1561 in the first direction is greater than 0 mm, the slit size of the fifth slit 1572 in the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm, the slit size of the fifth slit 1572 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 0 mm, the slit size of the sixth slit 1573 in the first direction is greater than 0 mm, the slit size of the first slit 1561, the fifth slit 1572 and the sixth slit 1573 make the metal floor 156 have a defective structure, the current distribution of the metal floor is changed, thereby changing the far field radiation of the antenna assembly.
It is understood that the position, shape and size of the gap of the metal ground can be changed according to practical requirements, such as the specific arrangement position of the UWB antenna and the specific structure of the UWB antenna, and the improvement of the metal ground defect of the antenna component, which can solve the problem of polarization mismatch when the UWB antenna is used for positioning, belongs to the protection scope of the present application.
The null positions of the antenna radiation patterns can be adjusted by the metal floor with the defected ground structure, so that the data obtained when the antenna assembly is positioned by PDOA is accurate, and the accuracy of the positioning calculation is improved, please refer to fig. 21 to 24 for test data, fig. 21 is a horizontal plane theta component radiation pattern of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12, fig. 22 is a horizontal plane phi component radiation pattern of the first antenna and the second antenna of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12, fig. 23 is a PDOA diagram of the horizontal plane theta component of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12, and fig. 24 is a horizontal plane phi component PDOA diagram of the antenna assembly provided in fig. 12.
As shown in fig. 21 and 22, a curve N is a radiation direction curve of a theta component of a first antenna horizontal plane, a curve O is a radiation direction curve of a theta component of a second antenna horizontal plane, a curve P is a radiation direction curve of a phi component of the first antenna horizontal plane, and a curve Q is a radiation direction curve of a phi component of the second antenna horizontal plane, it can be seen that zero points of radiation patterns of the first antenna and the second antenna horizontal plane are 82.8 ° and-93.16 ° respectively which exceed the range of the field angle, PDOA curves obtained when the first antenna and the second antenna are used for positioning are shown in fig. 23 and 24, the theta component and the phi component of the horizontal plane are monotonous in the range of the field angle, a monotonicity abrupt change does not occur, the positioning inaccuracy caused by polarization mismatch is avoided, and the positioning calculation accuracy is improved.
It can be understood that the problem that the PDOA curve is abnormal due to the existence of the null point in the vertical plane radiation pattern of the first antenna and the third antenna can be solved by adjusting the structure of the metal floor defect ground, which is not described herein again.
The above detailed description is provided for an antenna assembly and an electronic device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and specific examples are applied herein to explain the principles and embodiments of the present application, and the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna assembly, comprising:
a first antenna including a first ground point;
a second antenna comprising a second ground point;
the first antenna, the second antenna and the third antenna are arranged at intervals and are all used for transmitting ultra-wideband radio-frequency signals;
the first grounding point, the second grounding point and the third grounding point are all arranged on the metal floor, and the metal floor is provided with a first gap which enables the metal floor to form a defected ground structure.
2. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the first ground point and the second ground point are spaced apart in a first direction on the metal floor, and the first ground point and the third ground point are spaced apart in a second direction on the metal floor, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular.
3. The antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the first slot is disposed between the first ground point and the second ground point or between the first ground point and the third ground point.
4. The antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the metal floor is further provided with a second gap, the first gap being disposed between the first ground point and the third ground point, the second gap being disposed on a side of the second ground point and juxtaposed with the first gap.
5. The antenna assembly of claim 4, wherein the metal floor is further provided with a third slot, the third slot being disposed between the first ground point and the second ground point.
6. The antenna assembly of claim 5, wherein the metal floor is further provided with a fourth slot, the fourth slot juxtaposed with the third slot along the second direction.
7. The antenna assembly of claim 2, wherein the metal floor is further provided with a fifth gap, the first gap being disposed between the first ground point and the second ground point, the fifth gap being disposed between the first ground point and the third ground point, the first gap and the fifth gap communicating; or
The metal floor is further provided with a fifth gap and a sixth gap, the first gap is arranged between the first grounding point and the second grounding point, the fifth gap is arranged between the first grounding point and the third grounding point, the sixth gap is arranged on one side of the second grounding point, and the first gap, the fifth gap and the sixth gap are communicated.
8. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-7, wherein one or more of the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna comprises a first radiator and a first dielectric substrate, the first radiator, the first dielectric substrate, and the metal floor are stacked, the first radiator edge is provided with a first notch, a second notch, a third notch, and a fourth notch, the first notch and the second notch are symmetrically disposed about a first axis passing through the first radiator center point, the third notch and the fourth notch are symmetrically disposed about a second axis passing through the first radiator center point, and the first axis and the second axis are perpendicular.
9. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the slot dimension of the first slot in the first direction is greater than 0 millimeters and the slot dimension of the first slot in the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 millimeters; or the gap size of the second gap along the second direction is greater than 0 mm, and the gap size of the second gap along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm; or the gap size of the third gap along the first direction is greater than 0 mm, and the gap size of the third gap along the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm; or the gap size of the fourth gap along the first direction is greater than 0 mm, and the gap size of the fourth gap along the second direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm; or the gap size of the fifth gap along the second direction is greater than 0 mm, and the gap size of the fifth gap along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm; or the gap size of the sixth gap along the second direction is greater than 0 mm, and the gap size of the sixth gap along the first direction is greater than or equal to 5 mm; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
10. An electronic device, comprising:
a housing; and
an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the antenna assembly is housed within the housing.
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| CN202011611843.7A CN112768928A (en) | 2020-12-30 | 2020-12-30 | Antenna assembly and electronic equipment |
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