CN112759308A - Cold-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cold-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112759308A CN112759308A CN202110007319.7A CN202110007319A CN112759308A CN 112759308 A CN112759308 A CN 112759308A CN 202110007319 A CN202110007319 A CN 202110007319A CN 112759308 A CN112759308 A CN 112759308A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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Abstract
The invention discloses cold-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the cold-resistant concrete comprises, by weight, 160-238 parts of cement, 210-245 parts of water, 825-850 parts of carborundum, 960-1210 parts of broken stone, 60-70 parts of mineral powder, 50-60 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 10-10.5 parts of YY-water reducing agent, 36-38 parts of expanding agent, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, 2-3 parts of tetraethylene glycol lauryl ether, 10-18 parts of HY-2 type self-compacting concrete additive, 0.5-0.8 part of PAN fiber and 0.4-0.6 part of PVA fiber. The cold-resistant concrete has beneficial cold resistance and cracking resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to cold-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increase of the investment of the infrastructure in China, the application of the concrete is more and more extensive, and the cracking phenomenon of the concrete is more and more serious. Particularly in cities with a large number of low-temperature conditions, the normal use function and durability of the concrete member can be influenced by the concrete cracking, when the width of the crack exceeds a certain limit, the bearing capacity, rigidity and normal use function of the concrete member can be influenced, a path is provided for the penetration of chloride ions and the like, so that a series of durability problems such as steel bar corrosion and the like are caused to control the concrete cracking, and the concrete cracking prevention and reduction under the low-temperature condition have very important significance.
CN107266003A discloses elastic cold-resistant concrete, which comprises, by weight, 60-80 parts of asphalt, 10-13 parts of epoxy resin, 14-18 parts of ferroferric oxide, 7-10 parts of perlite, 6-10 parts of water reducing agent, 8-15 parts of water glass, 9-11 parts of borax, 20-28 parts of montmorillonite and 18-25 parts of titanium dioxide. The invention can prevent concrete from cracking, improve the breaking strength and toughness of the concrete, limit the crack width, resist the surface cracking of the concrete and resist explosion and fire, and can be widely applied to concrete structures in the fields of civil engineering, water conservancy, municipal traffic, ocean military industry and the like.
Moreover, concrete mixers have disadvantages; 1. the inclination angle of the mixing tank of the concrete mixer is mostly fixed, and the discharging is inconvenient; 2. the concrete mixer is difficult to clean, and concrete is easy to agglomerate and easily damages the mixer; 3) the raw materials that mix by the concrete are multiple, need weigh multiple raw materials respectively, then mix in putting into the mixer, in operation process, need artifical position of transporting the mixer from the storage position to every kind of raw materials, work efficiency is low, also does not benefit to the holistic regularity of mill.
In the prior art, concrete is easy to crack particularly in northern areas in cold winter, namely under the condition of low temperature, and the cracking phenomenon is particularly obvious under the condition of low temperature and external force, and the problems need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: develops a cold-resistant concrete and a preparation method thereof.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art,
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the cold-resistant concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight
160-238 parts of cement, 210-245 parts of water, 825-850 parts of carborundum, 960-1210 parts of broken stone, 60-70 parts of mineral powder, 50-60 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 10-10.5 parts of YY-water reducing agent, 36-38 parts of expanding agent, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, 2-3 parts of tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether, 10-18 parts of HY-2 type self-compacting concrete additive, 0.5-0.8 part of PAN fiber and 0.4-0.6 part of PVA fiber.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the equivalent diameter of the PAN fiber is 9-30 μm.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the density of the fly ash is 2.1kg/m3。
The method for preparing the cold-resistant concrete is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
160-238 parts of S1 cement, half of water, 825-850 parts of carborundum, 960-1210 parts of broken stone, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, 2-3 parts of tetraethylene glycol monolauryl ether, 0.5-0.8 part of PAN fiber and 0.4-0.6 part of PVA fiber are mixed and uniformly stirred to obtain mixed slurry I;
60-70 parts of S2 mineral powder, 50-60 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 10-10.5 parts of YY-water reducing agent, 36-38 parts of expanding agent, 10-18 parts of HY-2 self-compacting concrete additive and half of water by weight are uniformly mixed to obtain mixed slurry II;
s3, mixing the mixed slurry I and the mixed slurry II, stirring, reacting and mixing uniformly to obtain the cold-resistant concrete.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the cold-resistant concrete is mixed and conveyed by a storage and stirring system for the concrete.
As a further improvement of the solution, a concrete mixer for mixing various raw materials;
the conveying device is provided with a plurality of conveying rollers which are arranged in parallel and is used for conveying the raw materials to the concrete mixer;
the storage device comprises a plurality of hopper barrels which are arranged adjacently, and a measuring hopper is arranged below each hopper barrel;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
concrete mixer, including the agitator tank, its characterized in that, bolt fixed connection motor is passed through in the agitator tank top outside, the output of motor passes through the coupling joint with the input of transmission shaft, nested installation stirring rake is passed through in the transmission shaft top outside, stirring rake below erection bracing pole just can dismantle the connection, through welded connection stirring leaf on the bracing piece, the connection brush can be dismantled to bracing piece one side, threaded swing joint discharging pipe is passed through to agitator tank bottom one side, hinge swing joint base is passed through to agitator tank bottom one side, hinge swing joint bearing frame is passed through to agitator tank one side bottom, the inboard nested installation connecting rod of bearing frame, the inboard nested installation rotation axis of connecting rod one end, rotation axis outside nested installation gear, gear outside installation rack groove.
As a further improvement of the scheme, one side of the top end of the stirring tank is detachably connected with the feed hopper A, and the other side of the top end of the stirring tank is provided with the feed hopper B.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the top end of one side of the stirring tank is movably connected with the water inlet pipe through threads.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the bottom end of the bearing seat is connected with the supporting plate in a welding mode, the bottom end of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the wheels through screws, the wheels are provided with a plurality of stirring paddles, the stirring paddles and the supporting rod are alternately installed from top to bottom, and the input end of the motor is electrically connected with the output end of an external power supply through a wire.
Compared with the existing product, the cold-resistant concrete and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects: 1) in the formula, the components and the preparation process, the compatibility of each component is good, the compressive strength of the concrete is favorably improved, and the overall effect is good; 2) polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether are added into cold-resistant concrete, so that the improvement of the anti-cracking performance of the cold-resistant concrete is facilitated, and the mutual synergistic effect of the polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and the tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether is proved in a quality loss rate test to be beneficial to the reduction of the quality loss rate, and the polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether is independently added to be better than the tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether in the performance of reducing the quality loss rate according to comparative examples 1 and 2. The addition of the two raw materials effectively improves the cold resistance of the cold-resistant concrete. In cold weather, the principle that concrete is easy to crack is that the water content in the concrete and water outside enter the concrete, and in the process of freeze-thaw damage, the water plays a key role and influences the deterioration and damage of the concrete. Polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether, PAN fiber and PVA fiber interact in a concrete system to influence the water content in the concrete and play a role in blocking the entering of outside water, so that the frost resistance of the cold-resistant concrete is further improved; 3) under the combined action of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether, fibers form a uniform disorderly distribution system in the concrete, so that the concrete is not easy to crack under a low-temperature condition, the toughness and the impact resistance of the concrete can be improved, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the porosity is reduced; 4) the cold-resistant concrete prepared by the operation steps of the invention has good overall performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a concrete storage and blending system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall construction of the concrete mixer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lifting device of the concrete mixer of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a stirring tank; 2. a support plate; 3. a wheel; 4. a feed hopper A; 5. a feed hopper B; 6. a water inlet pipe; 7. a motor; 8. a drive shaft; 9. a stirring paddle; 10. a support bar; 11. stirring blades; 12. a brush; 13. a discharge pipe; 14. a base; 15. a bearing seat; 16. a connecting rod; 17. a hand wheel; 18. a gear; 19. A rack slot; 20. a rotating shaft; 21. a storage device; 22. a measuring hopper; 23. a conveying device; 24. a conveying roller; 25. a concrete mixer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments:
examples
A method for preparing cold-resistant concrete comprises the following preparation steps:
160-238 parts of S1 cement, half of water, 825-850 parts of carborundum, 960-1210 parts of broken stone, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, 2-3 parts of tetraethylene glycol monolauryl ether, 0.5-0.8 part of PAN fiber and 0.4-0.6 part of PVA fiber are mixed and uniformly stirred to obtain mixed slurry I;
60-70 parts of S2 mineral powder, 50-60 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 10-10.5 parts of YY-water reducing agent, 36-38 parts of expanding agent, 10-18 parts of HY-2 self-compacting concrete additive and half of water by weight are uniformly mixed to obtain mixed slurry II;
s3, mixing the mixed slurry I and the mixed slurry II, stirring, reacting and mixing uniformly to obtain the cold-resistant concrete.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 2 in that: the anti-crack fiber is PVA fiber.
Comparative example 2 differs from example 2 in that: the anti-crack fiber is PAN fiber.
Comparative example 3 differs from example 2 in that: no anti-crack fibers are added.
Comparative example 4 differs from example 2 in that: polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether only polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether was added.
Comparative example 5 differs from example 2 in that: polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether to which only tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether was added.
Comparative example 6 differs from example 2 in that: polyethylene glycol trimethylnonyl ether and tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether were not added.
Comparative example 7 differs from example 2 in that: and (3) mixing the raw materials in the step (1) and the step (2) at one time to prepare the anti-crack concrete of the comparative example 7.
The mechanical property test is carried out according to GB/T50081-2019 'test method standard for physical and mechanical properties of concrete'. The test piece size is 150mm multiplied by 150mm, and after the test piece is subjected to standard curing to the specified age, the compressive strength and the splitting tensile strength of the test piece are tested for 7d and 14 d.
And (3) according to the bending toughness evaluation index recommended by GB/T21120-2018 synthetic fibers for cement concrete and mortar, adopting the energy absorption values Dn of the fiber concrete under different deflections to carry out bending toughness analysis.
Mass loss rate: the size of the test piece is 100mm multiplied by 400mm, the test piece is taken out after being molded and maintained for 14d, and the test piece is placed for 7d at room temperature and dried. Before freezing and thawing, the test piece is placed in water of (20 +/-2) DEG C for soaking for 4d, the weight of the test piece is tested before freezing and thawing is started, and the weight of the test piece is tested every 100 times.
Examples 1-3 show that the compressive strength and other test performances of example 2 are optimal, and show that in the formula, the ingredients and the preparation process, the compatibility of each component is good, the compressive strength of concrete is improved, and the overall effect is good.
Comparing example 2 with comparative examples 1-3, it is found that polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether are added into cold-resistant concrete, so that the improvement of the anti-cracking performance of the cold-resistant concrete is facilitated, and the mutual synergistic effect of the polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and the tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether is shown in a quality loss rate test, so that the reduction of the quality loss rate is facilitated, and the polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether is added independently and is better than the polyethylene glycol monolauryl ether in the comparative examples 1 and 2. The addition of the two raw materials effectively improves the cold resistance of the cold-resistant concrete. In cold weather, the principle that concrete is easy to crack is that the water content in the concrete and water outside enter the concrete, and in the process of freeze-thaw damage, the water plays a key role and influences the deterioration and damage of the concrete. Polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether, PAN fiber and PVA fiber interact in a concrete system to influence the water content in the concrete and play a role in blocking the entering of outside water, and the frost resistance of the cold-resistant concrete is further improved.
In the embodiment 2 and the comparative examples 4 to 6, after two types of fibers are added into the concrete, and under the combined action of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether and tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether, the fibers form a uniform disorderly distribution system in the concrete, so that the concrete is not easy to crack under the low-temperature condition, the toughness and the impact resistance of the concrete can be improved, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the porosity of the concrete is reduced.
Compared with the examples 1-3, the cold-resistant concrete prepared by the operation steps of the invention has good overall performance in the comparative example 7.
A concrete storage and blending system comprising: arranged in sequence
A concrete mixer 25 for mixing various raw materials with the concrete mixer 25;
the conveying device 23 is provided with a plurality of conveying rollers 24 which are arranged in parallel, and the conveying device is used for conveying the raw materials to a concrete mixer 25;
the storage device 21 comprises a plurality of hopper barrels 21 which are arranged adjacently, and a measuring hopper 22 is arranged below each hopper barrel 21;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
concrete mixer, including agitator tank 1, agitator tank 1 top outside is through bolt fixed connection motor 7, the output of motor 7 passes through the coupling joint with the input of transmission shaft 8, transmission shaft 8 top outside is through nested installation stirring rake 9, stirring rake 9 below erection bracing pole 10 and can dismantle the connection, through welded connection stirring leaf 11 on the bracing piece 10, brush 12 can be dismantled and connected to bracing piece 10 one side, agitator tank 1 bottom one side is through screw thread swing joint discharging pipe 13, agitator tank 1 bottom one side is through hinge swing joint base 14, agitator tank 1 one side bottom is through hinge swing joint bearing frame 15, connecting rod 16 is nested installation in the bearing frame 15 inboard, connecting rod 16 one end inboard nested installation rotation axis 20, rotation axis 20 outside nested installation gear 18, rack slot 19 is installed in the 18 outside of gear, through mutually supporting between brush 12, stirring rake 9 and the motor 7, goes to rinse the agitator tank after the stirring, avoids the concrete setting to cause the damage to the agitator tank, influences its life, through mutually supporting between connecting rod 16 and the hand wheel 17, can highly promote agitator tank 1 one side, the ejection of compact of being convenient for improves concrete mixer's practicality.
The concrete mixer, the conveying device and the storage device are sequentially connected in series, so that the raw materials of the concrete can be weighed at the storage position and conveyed to the position of the mixer through the conveying device, the working efficiency is improved, and the overall regularity of a factory is facilitated;
referring to fig. 2, feed hopper A4 can be dismantled to connection on one side of agitator tank 1 top, hopper B5 is installed into to agitator tank 1 top opposite side, and feed hopper A4 makes the material be convenient for get into agitator tank 1 with feed hopper B5.
Referring to fig. 2, threaded swing joint inlet tube 6 is passed through on one side top of agitator tank 1, after the stirring, with water by inlet tube 6 injected water, through mutually supporting between brush 12, stirring rake 9 and the motor 7, goes to wash the agitator tank after the stirring, avoids the concrete setting to cause the damage to the agitator tank, influences its life.
Referring to fig. 2, the bottom end of the bearing seat 15 is connected with the support plate 2 through welding, the bottom end of the support plate 2 is fixedly connected with the wheels 3 through screws, and the wheels 3 are provided with a plurality of parts, so that the stirring tank 1 can be conveniently moved, and the practicability of the concrete mixer is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, the stirring paddle 9 and the support rod 10 are alternately installed up and down, and through mutual cooperation between the brush 12, the stirring paddle 9 and the motor 7, the stirring tank is cleaned after stirring, so that the phenomenon that the concrete is solidified to damage the stirring tank and influence the service life of the stirring tank is avoided.
Referring to fig. 2, the input of motor 7 and the output of external power supply constitute the electricity through the wire and are connected, through mutually supporting between brush 12, stirring rake 9 and the motor 7, go to wash the agitator tank after the stirring, avoid the concrete setting to cause the damage to the agitator tank, influence its life.
The invention relates to a concrete mixer, which injects materials from a feed hopper A4 and a feed hopper B5, starts a motor 7, the output end of the motor 7 is connected with the input end of a transmission shaft 8 through a coupler, the motor rotates to drive the transmission shaft 8 to rotate, a stirring paddle 9 is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the transmission shaft 8, the transmission shaft 8 rotates to control the rotation of the stirring paddle 9, a support rod 10 is arranged below the stirring paddle 9, the transmission shaft 8 rotates to drive the support rod 10 to rotate, a stirring blade 11 is connected to the support rod 10 through welding, the support rod 10 rotates to control the rotation of the stirring blade 11, the concrete is stirred through the mutual matching of the stirring blade 11 and the stirring paddle 9, a hand wheel 17 is rotated, a rotating shaft 20 is arranged on one side of the hand wheel 17, the rotating shaft 20 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the hand wheel, thereby make the connecting rod 16 swing, highly promote 1 one side of agitator tank, open the bleeder valve, concrete after the stirring is discharged by discharging pipe 13, has water inlet tube 6 to pour into, starter motor 7, and motor 7 rotates and drives the bracing piece 19 and rotate, 19 one side demountable installation brushes 12 of bracing piece, and bracing piece 12 drives brushes 12 and clears up 1 inner wall of agitator tank, and waste water after the clearance is discharged by discharging pipe 13.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The cold-resistant concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight
160-238 parts of cement, 210-245 parts of water, 825-850 parts of carborundum, 960-1210 parts of broken stone, 60-70 parts of mineral powder, 50-60 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 10-10.5 parts of YY-water reducing agent, 36-38 parts of expanding agent, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, 2-3 parts of tetrapolyethylene glycol monolauryl ether, 10-18 parts of HY-2 type self-compacting concrete additive, 0.5-0.8 part of PAN fiber and 0.4-0.6 part of PVA fiber.
2. The cold-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the PAN fiber has an equivalent diameter of 9-30 μm.
3. The cold-resistant concrete according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash has a density of 2.1kg/m3。
4. A method for preparing the cold-resistant concrete according to claims 1-3, which is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps: mixing and conveying cold-resistant concrete by using concrete storage and stirring system
160-238 parts of S1 cement, half of water, 825-850 parts of carborundum, 960-1210 parts of broken stone, 2-3 parts of polyethylene glycol trimethyl nonyl ether, 2-3 parts of tetraethylene glycol monolauryl ether, 0.5-0.8 part of PAN fiber and 0.4-0.6 part of PVA fiber are mixed and uniformly stirred to obtain mixed slurry I;
60-70 parts of S2 mineral powder, 50-60 parts of plant ash, 40-50 parts of fly ash, 10-10.5 parts of YY-water reducing agent, 36-38 parts of expanding agent, 10-18 parts of HY-2 self-compacting concrete additive and half of water by weight are uniformly mixed to obtain mixed slurry II;
s3, mixing the mixed slurry I and the mixed slurry II, stirring, reacting and mixing uniformly to obtain the cold-resistant concrete.
5. The method for producing cold-resistant concrete according to claim 4, wherein a concrete mixer (25) is used for mixing various raw materials, and the concrete mixer (25);
the conveying device (23), a plurality of conveying rollers (24) arranged in parallel are arranged on the conveying device (23), and the conveying device is used for conveying the raw materials to the concrete mixer (25);
the storage device (21), the storage device (21) comprises a plurality of hopper barrels (21) which are arranged adjacently, and a measuring hopper (22) is arranged below each hopper barrel (21);
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
concrete mixer, including agitator tank (1), its characterized in that, bolt fixed connection motor (7) is passed through in the agitator tank (1) top outside, the output of motor (7) passes through the coupling joint with the input of transmission shaft (8), transmission shaft (8) top outside is through nested installation stirring rake (9), stirring rake (9) below erection bracing pole (10) and can dismantle the connection, pass through welded connection stirring leaf (11) on bracing piece (10), the connection brush (12) can be dismantled to bracing piece (10) one side, agitator tank (1) bottom one side is through screw thread swing joint discharging pipe (13), agitator tank (1) bottom one side is through hinge swing joint base (14), agitator tank (1) one side bottom is through hinge swing joint bearing frame (15), bearing frame (15) inboard nested installation connecting rod (16), a rotating shaft (20) is nested and installed on the inner side of one end of the connecting rod (16), a gear (18) is nested and installed on the outer side of the rotating shaft (20), and a rack groove (19) is installed on the outer side of the gear (18).
6. The method for preparing cold-resistant concrete according to claim 5, wherein one side of the top end of the stirring tank (1) is detachably connected with a feed hopper A (4), and the other side of the top end of the stirring tank (1) is provided with a feed hopper B (5).
7. The method for preparing cold-resistant concrete according to claim 5, wherein the top end of one side of the stirring tank (1) is movably connected with a water inlet pipe (6) through a screw thread.
8. The method for preparing cold-resistant concrete according to claim 5, wherein the bottom end of the bearing seat (15) is connected with the support plate (2) through welding, the bottom end of the support plate (2) is fixedly connected with the wheels (3) through screws, a plurality of wheels (3) are arranged, the stirring paddles (9) and the support rods (10) are alternately arranged up and down, and the input end of the motor (7) is electrically connected with the output end of an external power supply through a wire.
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