CN112759184B - Micro-plastic purification and separation system in hazardous waste liquid - Google Patents
Micro-plastic purification and separation system in hazardous waste liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN112759184B CN112759184B CN202011494672.4A CN202011494672A CN112759184B CN 112759184 B CN112759184 B CN 112759184B CN 202011494672 A CN202011494672 A CN 202011494672A CN 112759184 B CN112759184 B CN 112759184B
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
Abstract
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which comprises a degradation tank, a filtering system and an adsorption tank, wherein the system can effectively degrade organic matters and inorganic matters in the waste liquid by adopting photocatalyst degradation, ultrafiltration membrane filtration and biological membrane particle adsorption, and adsorbs residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, so that the purification and separation efficiency of the waste liquid is improved, the biological membrane particles can be repeatedly used after being resolved, and the purification and separation cost of the micro-plastics in the waste liquid is saved to a great extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of waste liquid purification and separation, in particular to a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid.
Background
Microplastics refer to insoluble and durable solid particles of synthetic polymers with a diameter of less than 5mm, which are generally classified according to morphology, such as spherical particles, films, chips and fibers. The micro plastic has small specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity, is easy to adsorb other harmful substances in the environment, further generates secondary pollution, becomes a carrier of harmful organic pollutants or inorganic pollutants in the environment, generates complex toxic effect, and has multiplied influence effect on environmental ecology and biology.
Various waste liquids, such as PET waste liquid, PTA waste liquid, cotton pulp black liquid, viscose waste liquid, etc., are generated in the chemical fiber production process, have complex components, and often contain strong acid, strong base, cellulose, hemicellulose, alcohols, pectin, etc., and various toxic substances. The fiber particles of synthetic fibers in chemical fibers are called micro-plastics, and fiber shedding during the washing process of synthetic fiber clothing is considered to be the most common source of synthetic fibers in marine environments. The conventional treatment of chemical fiber waste liquid adopts methods such as air flotation oil removal, coagulating sedimentation, activated carbon adsorption and the like, can only remove most organic matters and pollutants, is difficult to remove micro plastic with small particle size in the waste liquid, and is discharged into the ocean in large quantity to cause ocean plastic pollution because the micro plastic is not effectively intercepted in the waste liquid treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which has the advantages of high efficiency, low cost and high micro-plastic retention rate.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which comprises a degradation tank, a filtering system and an adsorption tank, and specifically comprises the following components:
the waste liquid is diluted by deionized water and transferred into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, wherein after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 5-50nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid by adopting biological membrane particles.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the photocatalyst material used for the photocatalyst degradation reaction comprises nano TiO 2 And an auxiliary agent.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the auxiliary agents are a surfactant and a binder.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the surfactant is one of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and fatty acid isopropyl ester.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the binder is one of polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polytetrafluoroethylene.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises subjecting the nano TiO to a reaction of 2 Mixing with assistant, spraying onto the wall and bottom of the degradation tank, diluting with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, an ultraviolet lamp is installed at the top of the degradation tank, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is performed under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the biological membrane particles consist of seaweed and a carrier.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the interior of the carrier is made of a porous inorganic polymer material.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the seaweed is one or a combination of more than one of green algae, blue algae, brown algae and hydrilla verticillata.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the carrier is one of sodium alginate and chitosan.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the porous inorganic polymer material is one of a molecular sieve, zeolite, and ceramic.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the seaweed is embedded in a carrier.
Still more preferably, after adsorbing the residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, the method further comprises immersing the bio-film particles adsorbing the micro-plastics in a desorption solution to precipitate the micro-plastics.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the resolving solution is 0.1-0.5mol/L HCl solution or 0.1-0.8mol/L NaOH solution, and the solvent is deionized water.
Compared with the prior art, the system for purifying and separating the micro plastic in the hazardous waste liquid has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The algae microbial film has large surface area and very strong oxidizing capacity, can adsorb organic matters in various states in the wastewater, and is degraded and removed through the adsorption, absorption and biological metabolism of the biological film. After the algae adsorbs the micro-plastics, pollutants on the surface of the micro-plastics can be adsorbed or transferred, so that the environmental behavior of the micro-plastics in water is influenced, and the water body purification effect is achieved.
(2) The invention adopts TiO 2 Degrading organic matters and inorganic matters in the waste liquid by the photocatalyst, and separating the micro-plastic from the waste liquid; after the waste liquid is subjected to photocatalyst degradation reaction, the waste liquid is filtered by an ultrafiltration membrane with the aperture of 5-50nm, so that most organic matters, inorganic matters and micro-plastics can be effectively removed; the method for adsorbing the particles of the algae microbial membrane is adopted to adsorb the micro-plastics which are difficult to be intercepted by the ultrafiltration membrane, so that the interception rate of the micro-plastics in the waste liquid is improved; after adsorbing the micro-plastics, the algae microbial film particles can remove the micro-plastics adsorbed on the surface by an analytic method, and can be used for multiple times, so that the purification and separation system disclosed by the invention is more environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a system connection block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
diluting the waste liquid with deionized water, and transferring the waste liquid into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and polyethylene oxide, spraying on the wall and the bottom of the degradation tank, diluting the waste liquid with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 5nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid by adopting biological membrane particles. The biomembrane particle consists of green algae and sodium alginate, wherein the green algae are embedded in the sodium alginate, and the inside of the sodium alginate is provided with a molecular sieve.
Example 2
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
the waste liquid is diluted by deionized water and transferred into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and polyvinylpyrrolidone, spraying onto the wall and bottom of the degradation tank, diluting with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 50nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid by adopting biological membrane particles. The biomembrane particle consists of blue algae and chitosan, the blue algae are embedded in the chitosan, and the inside of the chitosan is zeolite.
After adsorbing the residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, the biological film particles adsorbing the micro-plastics in the waste liquid are immersed in 0.1mol/L HCl analytic solution to separate out the micro-plastics.
Example 3
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
the waste liquid is diluted by deionized water and transferred into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with isopropyl fatty acid ester and polytetrafluoroethylene, spraying onto the wall and bottom of a degradation tank, diluting the waste liquid with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid by adopting biological membrane particles. The biomembrane particles are composed of brown algae and sodium alginate, the brown algae are embedded in the sodium alginate, and the inside of the sodium alginate is ceramic.
After adsorbing the residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, the biological film particles adsorbing the micro-plastics in the waste liquid are immersed in 0.1mol/L NaOH solution to separate out the micro-plastics.
Example 4
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
the waste liquid is diluted by deionized water and transferred into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and polyethylene oxide, spraying on the wall and the bottom of the degradation tank, diluting the waste liquid with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 20nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid by adopting biological membrane particles. The biomembrane particle consists of hydrilla verticillata and chitosan, wherein the hydrilla verticillata is embedded in the chitosan, and the inside of the chitosan is provided with a molecular sieve.
After adsorbing the residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, the biological film particles adsorbing the micro-plastics in the waste liquid are immersed in 0.5mol/L HCl analytic solution to separate out the micro-plastics.
Example 5
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
diluting the waste liquid with deionized water, and transferring the waste liquid into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and polyvinylpyrrolidone, spraying onto the wall and bottom of the degradation tank, diluting with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 20nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid by adopting biological membrane particles. The biomembrane particle consists of green algae, blue algae, hydrilla verticillata and sodium alginate, wherein the green algae, the blue algae and the hydrilla verticillata are embedded in the sodium alginate, and zeolite is arranged inside the sodium alginate.
After the biofilm particles adsorb the residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, the biofilm particles adsorbing the micro-plastics in the waste liquid are immersed into 0.8mol/L NaOH analysis solution to separate out the micro-plastics.
Example 6
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a degradation tank and a filtering system, and specifically comprises:
the waste liquid is diluted by deionized water and transferred into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with isopropyl fatty acid ester and polytetrafluoroethylene, spraying onto the wall and bottom of the degradation tank, diluting with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
and the filtering system comprises ultrafiltration membrane filtering equipment, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering equipment, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 30nm.
Example 7
The invention provides a system for purifying and separating micro-plastics in hazardous waste liquid, which is characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
diluting the waste liquid with deionized water, and transferring the waste liquid into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction; the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of adding nano TiO 2 Mixing with isopropyl fatty acid ester and polytetrafluoroethylene, spraying onto the wall and bottom of the degradation tank, diluting with deionized water, and transferring into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 30nm;
and (3) transferring the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane into an adsorption tank, and adsorbing the micro-plastic in the waste liquid by using polyacrylamide.
Examples 1-5 are examples of the present invention, example 6 is a degradation cell and filtration system only, lacking a micro-plastic adsorption system, example 7 is a micro-plastic adsorption by polyacrylamide gel adsorption instead of microbial membrane particles, wherein the micro-plastic retention rate is calculated as: the micro plastic retention rate = (the content of the micro plastic in the waste liquid treated by the absorption tank/the content of the micro plastic in the waste liquid stock solution) × 100%, and the result is shown in the following table.
Table 1 examples 1-7 results for micro-plastic retention
As can be seen from Table 1, from the micro plastic retention rate, the micro plastic retention rate in the waste liquid of the invention is 97.38% -98.37%, example 6 < example 7 < examples 1-5, thereby demonstrating that the invention can increase the micro plastic retention rate and improve the micro plastic removal rate.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a little plastics purification and separation system in dangerous waste liquid which characterized in that: including degradation pond, filtration system and adsorption tank, specifically include:
the waste liquid is diluted by deionized water and transferred into a degradation tank for carrying out photocatalyst degradation reaction;
the filtering system comprises an ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, wherein after the photocatalyst degrades the waste liquid, the waste liquid is transferred to the ultrafiltration membrane filtering device, the waste liquid is filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane, and the aperture of the ultrafiltration membrane is 5-50nm;
the waste liquid filtered by the ultrafiltration membrane is transferred to the adsorption tank, and the residual micro-plastic in the waste liquid is adsorbed by adopting the biological membrane particles;
after adsorbing the residual micro-plastics in the waste liquid, the biological film particles which adsorb the micro-plastics in the waste liquid are immersed in an analytic solution to separate out the micro-plastics;
the photocatalyst material used for the photocatalyst degradation reaction comprises nano TiO 2 The auxiliary agent is a surfactant and a binder, and the surfactant is one of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and isopropyl fatty acid ester; the binder is one of polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polytetrafluoroethylene;
the photocatalyst degradation reaction process comprises the step of subjecting the nano TiO to 2 Mixing with an auxiliary agent, spraying the mixture on the wall and the bottom of a degradation tank, and then diluting waste liquid by deionized water and transferring the waste liquid into the degradation tank; the top of the degradation pool is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the photocatalyst degradation reaction is carried out under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lampThe following steps are carried out;
the biological membrane particles consist of seaweed and a carrier, wherein the seaweed is embedded in the carrier, and a porous inorganic high polymer material is arranged inside the carrier; the seaweed is one or a combination of more of green algae, blue algae, brown algae and hydrilla verticillata; the carrier is one of sodium alginate and chitosan; the porous inorganic high polymer material is one of a molecular sieve, zeolite and ceramic.
2. The system for purifying and separating the micro-plastics in the dangerous waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein: the resolving solution is 0.1-0.5mol/L HCl solution or 0.1-0.8mol/L NaOH solution, and the solvent is deionized water.
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