CN112756618A - Full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device and processing technology - Google Patents
Full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device and processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN112756618A CN112756618A CN202011513681.3A CN202011513681A CN112756618A CN 112756618 A CN112756618 A CN 112756618A CN 202011513681 A CN202011513681 A CN 202011513681A CN 112756618 A CN112756618 A CN 112756618A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0824—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid with a specific atomising fluid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
- B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device and a processing technology, comprising a vacuum smelting furnace and a vacuum atomization chamber, wherein the vacuum atomization type powder making device is arranged below the vacuum smelting furnace, a heat preservation crucible is arranged in the vacuum smelting furnace, the lower end of the heat preservation crucible is connected with a supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism through a flow guide nozzle, the lower end of the rotational flow air injection mechanism extends into the vacuum atomization chamber, and a middle bin is arranged at one side of the vacuum smelting furnace. Meanwhile, the multi-angle rotational flow impact is realized, the powder forming degree is good, and the atomization operation efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas atomization metal powder preparation, in particular to a full-automatic vacuum atomization powder preparation device and a processing technology.
Background
The powder preparing technology by gas atomization is a main method for producing metal and alloy powder, the principle of powder preparation is the process of crushing liquid metal flow flowing out from a liquid guide tube into small liquid drops by high-speed airflow and solidifying the small liquid drops into powder in subsequent flight, the gas atomization powder has the advantages of controllable powder granularity, low oxygen content, suitability for the production of various metal and alloy powder and the like, and has become the main direction of high-performance and special alloy powder preparation, along with the appearance of new materials in the new powder metallurgy process and the application of powder materials in the industries such as chemical industry, electronic device preparation, surface engineering, military and the like, the requirements on the purity, fineness, sphericity and the like of the powder are continuously improved, thereby further promoting the development of the powder gas atomization preparation technology, the principle of gas atomization is the process of crushing the liquid metal flow into micro-drops by the high-speed airflow and quickly condensing the micro-liquid metal flow into the powder, the preparation of metal powder by gas atomization has the advantages of fine granularity, high sphericity, high purity and the like, and is a main method for producing metal powder for 3D printing at present, the prepared 3D printing powder metal accounts for about 40% of the powder prepared by the atomization method, but the gas atomization technology has defects, the vacuum degree in a vacuum melting furnace is difficult to ensure during the process of filling in the furnace, so that the melting quality is influenced, in the process of crushing metal liquid by airflow, the airflow energy is low, the atomization efficiency is low, and the preparation cost of the metal powder is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, designs a full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device and a processing technology, and solves the problems that the traditional gas atomization technology in the prior art has defects, the vacuum degree in a vacuum smelting furnace is difficult to ensure during the process of filling in the vacuum smelting furnace, so that the smelting quality is influenced, and in the process of crushing metal liquid by airflow, the airflow energy is low, the atomization efficiency is low, and the preparation cost of metal powder is increased.
The technical scheme of the invention for realizing the aim is as follows: a full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device comprises a vacuum smelting furnace and a vacuum atomization chamber, wherein the vacuum atomization type powder making device is arranged below the vacuum smelting furnace, a heat preservation crucible is arranged in the vacuum smelting furnace, the lower end of the heat preservation crucible is connected with a supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism through a flow guide nozzle, the lower end of the rotational flow air injection mechanism extends into the vacuum atomization chamber, a middle bin is arranged on one side of the vacuum smelting furnace, one end of the middle bin is communicated with a feeding port of the hollow smelting furnace, and an automatic feeding mechanism is arranged in the middle bin;
automatic feeding mechanism includes: the automatic filling device comprises a sealing door, a vacuum exhaust structure, a movable door, a sliding control structure and an automatic filling structure, wherein the sealing door is arranged on the front side wall surface of a middle bin, the vacuum exhaust structure is arranged on the middle bin, one end of the vacuum exhaust structure extends into the middle bin, the movable door is arranged on the side wall of a feeding port of a vacuum smelting furnace, the sliding control structure is arranged on two sides of the movable door and is connected with the movable door, the movable door and the side wall of the feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace are sealed by adopting a sliding sealing assembly, and the automatic filling structure is arranged in the middle bin, and one end of the automatic filling structure is over against the position of the feeding port of;
the supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism comprises: the device comprises a pressurization air supply structure, a nozzle and a rotational flow air injection structure, wherein the pressurization air supply structure is arranged on one side of a vacuum atomization chamber, the nozzle is arranged on the lower end of a flow guide nozzle, and the rotational flow air injection structure is sleeved outside the nozzle and is communicated with the pressurization air supply structure.
The vacuum exhaust structure includes: the vacuum air pump is arranged on the middle bin, one end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the vacuum air pump, the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the middle bin, and the vacuum pressure sensor is fixedly inserted on the side wall of the middle bin.
The slide control structure includes: the screw rod module is arranged on the inner side wall surface of the middle bin and is located on one side wall surface of a feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace, the moving block is arranged on the moving end of the screw rod module and is connected with one end of the movable door, and the sliding support assembly is arranged on the other side wall surface of the feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace, is symmetrically arranged with the screw rod module and is connected with the movable door.
The sliding support assembly includes: the guide rail is arranged on the side wall of a feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace and is symmetrically arranged with the screw rod module, and the sliding block is sleeved on the guide rail in a sliding mode and is connected with the movable door.
The sliding seal assembly includes: first U type seal groove and second U type seal groove, first U type seal groove sets up on the dog-house outside lateral wall of vacuum melting furnace, second U type seal groove set up on the dodge gate and with first U type seal groove symmetrical arrangement, second U type seal groove can slide and insert in the first U type seal groove, the interior edge of first U type seal groove is laminated with the outer edge of second U type seal groove mutually.
The automatic packing structure includes: the automatic feeding device comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a fixing frame, a rotating frame, a clamping and positioning assembly and a positioning and pushing part, wherein the servo motor is arranged in a middle bin, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the driving end of the servo motor, the fixing frame is arranged on one side of the speed reducer, the rotating frame is rotatably arranged in the fixing frame, the central position of the rotating frame is connected with the driving end of the servo motor, a plurality of placing grooves are formed in the outer side wall surface of the rotating frame along an annular array, the clamping and positioning assembly is arranged on each placing groove, and the positioning and pushing assembly is arranged above a rotary control part and the piston end;
the centre gripping locating component includes: the clamping cylinder is arranged on the side wall of the rotating frame, the limit stop is arranged on the piston end of the clamping cylinder, and one end of the limit stop can extend into the upper part of the placing groove;
the location pushes away the material portion and includes: the feeding device comprises a mounting seat, a linear module and a pushing rod, wherein the mounting seat is arranged on a fixing frame and is positioned above a servo motor, the linear module is arranged on the mounting seat, one end of the pushing rod is connected with a moving end of the linear module, and the pushing rod is opposite to the position of a feeding port.
The pressure boost air feed structure includes: the high-pressure air bottle set is arranged on one side of the vacuum atomization chamber, one end of each air supply pipeline is communicated with the high-pressure air bottle set, the other end of each air supply pipeline is communicated with the rotational flow air injection structure, the two air pressure adjusting valves are respectively sleeved on the two air supply pipelines, and the two electromagnetic control valves are respectively sleeved on the two air supply pipelines and located on one side of the air pressure adjusting valves.
The rotational flow air injection structure comprises: the nozzle comprises a first annular pipe and a second annular pipe, wherein the first annular pipe is sleeved outside the nozzle, the second annular pipe is arranged below the first annular pipe, the first annular pipe and the second annular pipe are respectively communicated with two air supply pipelines, air nozzles are arranged on the inner side wall surface of the first annular pipe along an annular array, the exhaust direction of the air nozzles points to the opening position below the nozzle along the inclined direction, and a plurality of cyclone air ports are arranged on the inner side wall surface of the second annular pipe along the inclined angle in the horizontal direction.
A processing technology of full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making comprises the following operation steps: step S1, preparing raw materials; step S2, pre-starting the equipment; step S3, automatic filling; step S4, smelting raw materials; step S5, atomizing to prepare powder and step S6, collecting the powder;
the step S1: selecting a raw material bar of metal powder to be processed, and sequentially loading the bar into an automatic feeding mechanism in a middle bin;
the step S2: pre-vacuumizing a vacuum smelting furnace and a vacuum atomizing chamber, then introducing argon or helium protective gas, and pre-vacuumizing a middle bin;
the step S3: controlling an automatic feeding mechanism to start, and automatically feeding the raw material rods into the vacuum smelting furnace;
the step S4: starting a vacuum smelting furnace, smelting the raw material bar, feeding the smelted metal melt into a heat-insulating crucible, and feeding the metal melt into a nozzle through a flow guide pipe;
the step S5: starting the supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism, supplying air to the nozzle position, and performing air atomization powder preparation operation in cooperation with the vacuum atomization chamber;
the step S6: after the powder was cooled, it was collected by multiple cyclones.
And after the powder collection operation in the step S6 is completed, sieving and grading the metal powder.
The full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device and the processing technology which are manufactured by the technical proposal of the invention improve the prior vacuum smelting furnace and the vacuum atomization chamber, one side of the vacuum smelting furnace is provided with a middle bin, an automatic feeding mechanism is arranged in the middle bin, the intermittent feeding operation can be realized, simultaneously, the middle bin keeps a vacuum environment, the raw materials can be directly fed into the vacuum smelting furnace, the vacuum inert gas environment of the internal operation of the vacuum smelting furnace can not be changed, thereby effectively reducing the oxygen entering the vacuum smelting furnace in the feeding process, increasing the oxygen content of the metal melt and influencing the quality of the metal powder, simultaneously, a booster type rotational flow air injection mechanism is arranged in the vacuum atomization bin, the metal melt dripped from a nozzle position is injected by two high-pressure airflows with different angles and different pressures, and the airflow energy is increased, thereby reached and improved metal melt in gaseous area of contact, the whirl of multi-angle is strikeed simultaneously, can further reduce the powder granularity, the powder shaping degree is good, atomizing operating efficiency is high, among the prior art has been solved, traditional gas atomization technique also exists not enoughly, pack in the vacuum melting furnace, hardly guarantee the vacuum in the stove, thereby influence the quality of smelting, and at the in-process of the broken metal liquid of air current, the air current energy is low, atomization efficiency is low, the problem of metal powder preparation cost has been increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fully automatic vacuum atomization powder making device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of a fully automatic vacuum atomization powder-making device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the middle bin of the full-automatic vacuum atomization powder-making device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a rotational flow air injection structure of the full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross-sectional structure of a rotating stand of the full-automatic vacuum atomization powder manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a front cross-sectional structure of a sliding control structure of the fully automatic vacuum atomization powder manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a side view cross-sectional structure of a sliding control structure of the fully automatic vacuum atomization powder manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of the position A-A of the fully automatic vacuum atomization powder-making apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the position B-B of the fully automatic vacuum atomization powder-making apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a position a of the fully automatic vacuum atomization powder making device according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure at a position b of the fully automatic vacuum atomization powder making device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-vacuum smelting furnace; 2-vacuum atomization chamber; 3-insulating the crucible; 4-a flow guide nozzle; 5-a middle bin; 6-a feeding port; 7-a sealing door; 8-a movable door; 9-a nozzle; 10-vacuum air pump; 11-a gas-guide tube; 12-a vacuum pressure sensor; 13-a screw rod module; 14-a moving block; 15-a guide rail; 16-a slide block; 17-a first U-shaped seal groove; 18-a second U-shaped seal groove; 19-a servo motor; 20-a reducer; 21-a fixing frame; 22-a turret; 23-a clamping cylinder; 24-limit stops; 25-a mounting seat; 26-a linear module; 27-a pusher bar; 28-high pressure gas cylinder group; 29-gas supply line; 30-air pressure regulating valve; 31-a solenoid-operated valve; 32-a first annular tube; 33-a second annular tube; 34-an air jet; 35-swirl gas port.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1 to 11, all electrical components in the present application are connected to their adapted power supplies through wires, and an appropriate controller should be selected according to actual situations to meet control requirements, and specific connection and control sequence should be implemented by referring to the following working principle, in which the electrical connection between the electrical components is implemented in sequence, and the detailed connection means is a known technology in the art, and the following description mainly describes the working principle and process, and does not describe the electrical control.
Example (b): as can be known from the attached drawings 1-11 of the specification, the scheme comprises a vacuum smelting furnace 1 and a vacuum atomizing chamber 2, the position relation and the connection relation are as follows, the vacuum atomizing type is arranged below the vacuum smelting furnace 1, a heat preservation crucible 3 is arranged in the vacuum smelting furnace 1, the lower end of the heat preservation crucible 3 is connected with a supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism through a flow guide nozzle 4, the lower end of the rotational flow air injection mechanism extends into the vacuum atomizing chamber 2, a middle bin 5 is arranged on one side of the vacuum smelting furnace 1, one end of the middle bin 5 is communicated with a feeding port 6 of the hollow smelting furnace, and an automatic feeding mechanism is arranged in the middle bin 5; above-mentioned automatic feeding mechanism includes: the automatic filling device comprises a sealing door 7, a vacuum exhaust structure, a movable door 8, a sliding control structure and an automatic filling structure, wherein the sealing door 7 is arranged on the front side wall surface of a middle bin 5, the vacuum exhaust structure is arranged on the middle bin 5, one end of the vacuum exhaust structure extends into the middle bin 5, the movable door 8 is arranged on the side wall of a feeding port 6 of a vacuum smelting furnace 1, the sliding control structure is arranged on two sides of the movable door 8 and is connected with the movable door 8, the movable door 8 and the side wall of the feeding port 6 of the vacuum smelting furnace 1 are sealed by adopting a sliding sealing component, the automatic filling structure is arranged in the middle bin 5, and one end of the automatic filling structure is over against the position of the feeding port 6 of the vacuum smelting; the supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism comprises: the device comprises a pressurizing air supply structure, a nozzle 9 and a rotational flow air injection structure, wherein the pressurizing air supply structure is arranged on one side of a vacuum atomizing chamber 2, the nozzle 9 is arranged at the lower end of a flow guide nozzle 4, the rotational flow air injection structure is sleeved outside the nozzle 9 and is communicated with the pressurizing air supply structure, the existing vacuum smelting furnace 1 and the vacuum atomizing chamber 2 are improved, a middle bin 5 is arranged on one side of the vacuum smelting furnace 1, an automatic feeding mechanism is arranged in the middle bin 5, intermittent feeding operation can be realized, a vacuum environment is kept in the middle bin 5, feeding of raw materials can be directly carried out in the vacuum smelting furnace 1, the vacuum inert gas environment of internal operation of the vacuum smelting furnace 1 cannot be changed, and therefore, the situation that oxygen enters the vacuum smelting furnace 1 in the feeding process and is increased, the oxygen content of metal melt is increased, the quality of metal powder is influenced is effectively reduced, and the pressurizing rotational flow, through the different pressure of twice, the high-pressure draught of different angles spouts the metal melt that 9 positions of nozzle dripped, increases the air current energy to reach and improved metal melt in gaseous area of contact, the whirl of multi-angle is strikeed simultaneously, can further reduce the powder granularity, and the powder shaping degree is good, and atomizing operating efficiency is high.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 3 of the specification, in the implementation process, the vacuum exhaust structure includes: vacuum air pump 10, air duct 11 and vacuum pressure sensor 12, vacuum air pump 10 sets up on middle storehouse 5, the one end of air duct 11 communicates with the inlet end of vacuum air pump 10, the other end is linked together with middle storehouse 5, vacuum pressure sensor 12 is fixed the cartridge on the lateral wall of middle storehouse 5, when using, it is down through slip control structure control dodge gate 8, seal dog-house 6 through dodge gate 8, after sealing the completion, start vacuum air pump 10, take out the air in middle storehouse 5 through air duct 11, utilize vacuum pressure sensor 12 to monitor the vacuum in the middle storehouse 5 simultaneously, make the vacuum in middle storehouse 5 keep unanimous with the vacuum in the vacuum smelting furnace 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 7 and fig. 11 of the specification, in the implementation process, the sliding control structure includes: lead screw module 13, movable block 14 and slip supporting component, lead screw module 13 sets up on the interior lateral wall face of intermediate bin 5, and be located vacuum melting furnace 1's dog-house 6 lateral wall face, movable block 14 sets up on lead screw module 13's removal end, and be connected with the one end of dodge gate 8, the slip supporting component sets up on another lateral wall face of vacuum melting furnace 1's dog-house 6, and with lead screw module 13 symmetrical arrangement, and be connected with dodge gate 8, above-mentioned slip supporting component includes: guide rail 15 and slider 16, guide rail 15 set up on the dog-house 6 lateral wall of vacuum melting furnace 1, and with lead screw module 13 symmetrical arrangement, slider 16 slip suit is on guide rail 15, and is connected with dodge gate 8, and wherein the sliding seal subassembly includes: a first U-shaped sealing groove 17 and a second U-shaped sealing groove 18, wherein the first U-shaped sealing groove 17 is arranged on the outer side wall of the feeding opening 6 of the vacuum smelting furnace 1, the second U-shaped sealing groove 18 is arranged on the movable door 8 and is symmetrically arranged with the first U-shaped sealing groove 17, the second U-shaped sealing groove 18 can be inserted into the first U-shaped sealing groove 17 in a sliding way, the inner edge of the first U-shaped sealing groove 17 is attached to the outer edge of the second U-shaped sealing groove 18, in use, by controlling the moving end of the lead screw module 13 to move, so that the moving block 14 moves upwards, thereby driving the movable plate to slide along the guide rail 15 under the limit connection operation of the slide block 16, so that the second U-shaped sealing groove 18 on the sidewall of the movable door 8 slides out of the first U-shaped sealing groove 17, thereby the feeding port 6 is completely exposed, and after the exposure, the automatic filling structure is controlled to add the material rod into the vacuum smelting furnace 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 7 and fig. 11 of the specification, in the implementation process, the automatic packing structure includes: the device comprises a servo motor 19, a speed reducer 20, a fixing frame 21, a rotating frame 22, a clamping and positioning assembly and a positioning and pushing part, wherein the servo motor 19 is arranged in the middle bin 5, the input end of the speed reducer 20 is connected with the driving end of the servo motor 19, the fixing frame 21 is arranged on one side of the speed reducer 20, the rotating frame 22 is rotatably arranged in the fixing frame 21, the center position of the rotating frame is connected with the driving end of the servo motor 19, a plurality of placing grooves are formed in the outer side wall surface of the rotating frame 22 along an annular array, the clamping and positioning assembly is arranged on each placing groove, and the positioning and pushing assembly is arranged above the rotary control part; above-mentioned centre gripping locating component includes: the clamping cylinder 23 is arranged on the side wall of the rotating frame 22, and the limit stop 24 is arranged on the piston end of the clamping cylinder 23, and one end of the limit stop 24 can extend into the upper part of the placing groove; wherein fix a position and push away material portion and include: the installation base 25, the straight line module 26 and the material pushing rod 27, the installation base 25 is arranged on the fixed frame 21 and is positioned above the servo motor 19, the straight line module 26 is arranged on the installation base 25, one end of the material pushing rod 27 is connected with the moving end of the straight line module 26, the material pushing rod 27 is right opposite to the position of the material feeding port 6, when the smelting furnace is used, when the movable door 8 is closed, the material is discharged, the sealing door 7 is opened, the material rods are sequentially placed into the placing grooves on the rotating frame 22, after the smelting furnace is installed in place, the piston ends of the corresponding clamping cylinders 23 are controlled to expand, so that the limit stoppers 24 on the piston ends of the clamping cylinders 23 move to the positions above the corresponding material rods, the material rods are clamped, the installation of the material rods is realized, after the installation, the sealing door 7 is closed, the middle bin 5 is vacuumized, when the material needs to be fed to the vacuum 1, the movable door 8 is controlled to be opened, the piston end of the uppermost clamping cylinder 23, thereby make limit stop 24 remove to charge bar one side, the removal end of the straight round pin module on the control mount pad 25 removes, and then promote ejector ram 27, push the charge bar into vacuum melting furnace 1, after the packing is accomplished, control dodge gate 8 closes, start servo motor 19 simultaneously, the drive end rotation of control servo motor 19 sets for the angle, and then make the output of reduction gear 20 rotate corresponding angle, make the rotating turret 22 rotate the design angle, on aligning the next charge bar on the rotating turret 22 to dog-house 6 position, wait for next packing operation.
As can be seen from fig. 1-2, fig. 4 and fig. 8-10 of the specification, in the specific implementation process, the pressurization gas supply structure includes: high-pressure gas cylinder group 28, two air supply lines 29, two air pressure regulating valves 30 and two solenoid electric valves 31, high-pressure gas cylinder group 28 sets up in vacuum atomization chamber 2 one side, and the one end and the high-pressure gas cylinder group 28 of two air supply lines 29 are linked together, and the other end is linked together with the whirl jet structure, and two air pressure regulating valves 30 suit respectively on two air supply lines 29, and two solenoid electric valves 31 suit respectively on two air supply lines, and be located air pressure regulating valve 30 one side, and wherein the whirl jet structure includes: a first annular pipe 32 and a second annular pipe 33, the first annular pipe 32 is sleeved outside the nozzle 9, the second annular pipe 33 is arranged below the first annular pipe 32, the first annular pipe 32 and the second annular pipe 33 are respectively communicated with the two gas supply pipelines 29, the inner side wall surface of the first annular pipe 32 is provided with gas nozzles 34 along an annular array, the exhaust direction of the gas nozzles 34 points to the opening position below the nozzle 9 along an inclined direction, the inner side wall surface of the second annular pipe 33 is provided with a plurality of swirl gas ports 35 along an inclined angle in a horizontal direction, when in use, metal melt smelted by the vacuum smelting furnace 1 flows into the heat-insulating crucible 3 under the action of gravity and further enters into the flow guide pipe, the high-pressure gas bottle group 28 is started to supply high-pressure inert gas, and an electromagnetic control valve 31 and a gas pressure regulating valve 30 on the gas supply pipeline 29 are opened, carry out the gas injection to first ring pipe 32 and second ring pipe 33 respectively, high-pressure gas in the first ring pipe 32 spouts through gas jet 34, high-pressure gas in the second ring pipe 33 spouts through whirl gas port 35, thereby make the pressure of nozzle 9 below reduce, make the metal melt in the nozzle 9 drip, under high-pressure gas stream and whirl high-pressure gas stream's dual impact operation, increase the air current energy, thereby reach and improved metal melt in gaseous area of contact, the whirl of multi-angle is strikeed simultaneously, can further reduce the powder granularity, powder shaping degree is good, atomizing operation efficiency is high.
In the specific implementation process, the processing technology of the full-automatic vacuum atomization powder preparation comprises the following operation steps: step S1, preparing raw materials; step S2, pre-starting the equipment; step S3, automatic filling; step S4, smelting raw materials; step S5, atomizing to prepare powder and step S6, collecting the powder;
step S1: selecting a raw material bar of metal powder to be processed, and sequentially loading the bar into an automatic feeding mechanism in a middle bin 5;
step S2: pre-vacuumizing the vacuum smelting furnace 1 and the vacuum atomizing chamber 2, then introducing argon or helium protective gas, and pre-vacuumizing the intermediate bin 5;
step S3: controlling an automatic feeding mechanism to start, and automatically feeding the raw material rods into a vacuum smelting furnace 1;
step S4: starting a vacuum smelting furnace 1, smelting the raw material bar, feeding the smelted metal melt into a heat-insulating crucible 3, and feeding the metal melt into a nozzle 9 through a flow guide pipe;
step S5: starting the supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism, supplying air to the position of the nozzle 9, and performing air atomization powder making operation by matching with the vacuum atomization chamber 2;
step S6: after the powder was cooled, it was collected by multiple cyclones.
After the powder collection operation in step S6 is completed, the metal powder is sieved and classified.
To sum up, the full-automatic vacuum atomization powder manufacturing device and the processing technology improve the existing vacuum melting furnace 1 and the vacuum atomization chamber 2, a middle bin 5 is arranged at one side of the vacuum melting furnace 1, an automatic feeding mechanism is arranged in the middle bin 5, intermittent feeding operation can be realized, meanwhile, a vacuum environment is kept in the middle bin 5, the raw materials can be directly fed into the vacuum melting furnace 1, the vacuum inert gas environment of the internal operation of the vacuum melting furnace 1 cannot be changed, so that the oxygen enters the vacuum melting furnace 1 in the feeding process, the oxygen content of metal melt is increased, the quality of metal powder is influenced, meanwhile, a booster type rotational flow air injection mechanism is arranged in the vacuum atomization bin, the metal melt dripped from the position of a nozzle 9 is injected by high-pressure air flows with different angles through two different pressures, and the air flow energy is increased, thereby reached and improved metal melt in gaseous area of contact, the whirl of multi-angle is strikeed simultaneously, can further reduce the powder granularity, the powder shaping degree is good, atomizing operating efficiency is high, among the prior art has been solved, traditional gas atomization technique also exists not enoughly, pack in vacuum smelting furnace 1, hardly guarantee the vacuum in the stove, thereby influence the smelting quality, and at the in-process of the broken metal liquid of air current, the air current energy is low, atomization efficiency is low, the problem of metal powder preparation cost has been increased.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A full-automatic vacuum atomization powder making device comprises a vacuum smelting furnace and a vacuum atomization chamber, and is characterized in that the vacuum atomization type powder making device is arranged below the vacuum smelting furnace, a heat preservation crucible is arranged in the vacuum smelting furnace, the lower end of the heat preservation crucible is connected with a supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism through a flow guide nozzle, the lower end of the rotational flow air injection mechanism extends into the vacuum atomization chamber, a middle bin is arranged on one side of the vacuum smelting furnace, one end of the middle bin is communicated with a feeding port of the hollow smelting furnace, and an automatic feeding mechanism is arranged in the middle bin;
automatic feeding mechanism includes: the automatic filling device comprises a sealing door, a vacuum exhaust structure, a movable door, a sliding control structure and an automatic filling structure, wherein the sealing door is arranged on the front side wall surface of a middle bin, the vacuum exhaust structure is arranged on the middle bin, one end of the vacuum exhaust structure extends into the middle bin, the movable door is arranged on the side wall of a feeding port of a vacuum smelting furnace, the sliding control structure is arranged on two sides of the movable door and is connected with the movable door, the movable door and the side wall of the feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace are sealed by adopting a sliding sealing assembly, and the automatic filling structure is arranged in the middle bin, and one end of the automatic filling structure is over against the position of the feeding port of;
the supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism comprises: the device comprises a pressurization air supply structure, a nozzle and a rotational flow air injection structure, wherein the pressurization air supply structure is arranged on one side of a vacuum atomization chamber, the nozzle is arranged on the lower end of a flow guide nozzle, and the rotational flow air injection structure is sleeved outside the nozzle and is communicated with the pressurization air supply structure.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the vacuum exhausting structure comprises: the vacuum air pump is arranged on the middle bin, one end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet end of the vacuum air pump, the other end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the middle bin, and the vacuum pressure sensor is fixedly inserted on the side wall of the middle bin.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the sliding control structure comprises: the screw rod module is arranged on the inner side wall surface of the middle bin and is located on one side wall surface of a feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace, the moving block is arranged on the moving end of the screw rod module and is connected with one end of the movable door, and the sliding support assembly is arranged on the other side wall surface of the feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace, is symmetrically arranged with the screw rod module and is connected with the movable door.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the sliding support assembly comprises: the guide rail is arranged on the side wall of a feeding port of the vacuum smelting furnace and is symmetrically arranged with the screw rod module, and the sliding block is sleeved on the guide rail in a sliding mode and is connected with the movable door.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the sliding seal assembly comprises: first U type seal groove and second U type seal groove, first U type seal groove sets up on the dog-house outside lateral wall of vacuum melting furnace, second U type seal groove set up on the dodge gate and with first U type seal groove symmetrical arrangement, second U type seal groove can slide and insert in the first U type seal groove, the interior edge of first U type seal groove is laminated with the outer edge of second U type seal groove mutually.
6. A fully automatic vacuum atomization pulverizing device as claimed in any one of claims 1-5, wherein said automatic packing structure comprises: the automatic feeding device comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, a fixing frame, a rotating frame, a clamping and positioning assembly and a positioning and pushing part, wherein the servo motor is arranged in a middle bin, the input end of the speed reducer is connected with the driving end of the servo motor, the fixing frame is arranged on one side of the speed reducer, the rotating frame is rotatably arranged in the fixing frame, the central position of the rotating frame is connected with the driving end of the servo motor, a plurality of placing grooves are formed in the outer side wall surface of the rotating frame along an annular array, the clamping and positioning assembly is arranged on each placing groove, and the positioning and pushing assembly is arranged above a rotary control part and the piston end;
the centre gripping locating component includes: the clamping cylinder is arranged on the side wall of the rotating frame, the limit stop is arranged on the piston end of the clamping cylinder, and one end of the limit stop can extend into the upper part of the placing groove;
the location pushes away the material portion and includes: the feeding device comprises a mounting seat, a linear module and a pushing rod, wherein the mounting seat is arranged on a fixing frame and is positioned above a servo motor, the linear module is arranged on the mounting seat, one end of the pushing rod is connected with a moving end of the linear module, and the pushing rod is opposite to the position of a feeding port.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the pressurized gas supply structure comprises: the high-pressure air bottle set is arranged on one side of the vacuum atomization chamber, one end of each air supply pipeline is communicated with the high-pressure air bottle set, the other end of each air supply pipeline is communicated with the rotational flow air injection structure, the two air pressure adjusting valves are respectively sleeved on the two air supply pipelines, and the two electromagnetic control valves are respectively sleeved on the two air supply pipelines and located on one side of the air pressure adjusting valves.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the cyclone jet structure comprises: the nozzle comprises a first annular pipe and a second annular pipe, wherein the first annular pipe is sleeved outside the nozzle, the second annular pipe is arranged below the first annular pipe, the first annular pipe and the second annular pipe are respectively communicated with two air supply pipelines, air nozzles are arranged on the inner side wall surface of the first annular pipe along an annular array, the exhaust direction of the air nozzles points to the opening position below the nozzle along the inclined direction, and a plurality of cyclone air ports are arranged on the inner side wall surface of the second annular pipe along the inclined angle in the horizontal direction.
9. The processing technology for preparing the powder through full-automatic vacuum atomization is characterized by comprising the following operation steps of: step S1, preparing raw materials; step S2, pre-starting the equipment; step S3, automatic filling; step S4, smelting raw materials; step S5, atomizing to prepare powder and step S6, collecting the powder;
the step S1: selecting a raw material bar of metal powder to be processed, and sequentially loading the bar into an automatic feeding mechanism in a middle bin;
the step S2: pre-vacuumizing a vacuum smelting furnace and a vacuum atomizing chamber, then introducing argon or helium protective gas, and pre-vacuumizing a middle bin;
the step S3: controlling an automatic feeding mechanism to start, and automatically feeding the raw material rods into the vacuum smelting furnace;
the step S4: starting a vacuum smelting furnace, smelting the raw material bar, feeding the smelted metal melt into a heat-insulating crucible, and feeding the metal melt into a nozzle through a flow guide pipe;
the step S5: starting the supercharged rotational flow air injection mechanism, supplying air to the nozzle position, and performing air atomization powder preparation operation in cooperation with the vacuum atomization chamber;
the step S6: after the powder was cooled, it was collected by multiple cyclones.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the metal powder is classified by sieving after the powder collection operation of step S6.
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