CN112743243A - Preparation method and device of surface roughened and perforated current collector foil - Google Patents
Preparation method and device of surface roughened and perforated current collector foil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112743243A CN112743243A CN202110016482.XA CN202110016482A CN112743243A CN 112743243 A CN112743243 A CN 112743243A CN 202110016482 A CN202110016482 A CN 202110016482A CN 112743243 A CN112743243 A CN 112743243A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for preparing a current collector foil with roughened and perforated surfaces, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, a steel roller frame is arranged on a numerical control lathe, protrusions with preset sizes, shapes and distribution are machined on the surface of a roller by using a laser texturing process, the manufactured steel roller and another surface flexible roller are assembled on a rolling mill, a foil penetrates through a gap between the rollers, and the surface protrusions of the steel roller press the foil into the surface flexible roller under the action of rolling force, so that the surface textured foil is prepared; and then, forming a laser scanning belt by using a laser punching module at the outlet of the rolling mill, performing laser punching on the foil, and finally preparing the current collector foil with roughened surface and punched holes. According to the invention, through the matching of the rollers made of two materials, the current collector foil with roughened surfaces and punched holes can be integrally prepared, the adhesion performance of the active layer is improved through the combination of points and surfaces, a lithium ion transmission channel is provided, and the current collector foil with roughened surfaces and the punched current collector foil can be separately prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage, in particular to a preparation method and a device of a current collector foil with roughened and perforated surfaces.
Background
In an electrochemical energy storage device, an active material is coated on the surface of a current collector foil to prepare a pole piece, and the foil plays a role in bearing the active material and transmitting electrons. The coarsening of the surface of the foil can increase the specific surface area and improve the adhesion performance of the active layer and the foil. The through holes on the surface of the foil can be connected with the active layer coated on the two sides, so that the adhesion performance of the active layer and a current collector can be improved to a certain degree, the infiltration of electrolyte can be promoted, the concentration of lithium ions on the two sides of the pole piece can be balanced, and lithium can be pre-embedded. Obviously, if the surface roughening modification and perforation of the current collector foil are combined, the adhesion performance of the active layer and the foil is improved to the maximum extent through the combination of points and surfaces, lithium ion transmission channels are provided, and the performance of the electrochemical energy storage device is improved.
The mechanical properties of the foil can be reduced by roughening modification and perforation of the surface of the foil, and the mechanical properties of the foil are greatly lost by perforation, so that the foil is required to keep enough mechanical properties after roughening modification of the surface of the foil. The texturing rolling technology is suitable for carrying out surface roughening modification on the foil, but the existing texturing preparation method has the phenomenon that pits on two sides of the foil are overlapped, or the protruding shape of the roller surface is not good, so that the foil is locally and obviously thinned, and the elongation of the foil is reduced, so that the texturing preparation method needs to be optimized, and the mechanical property of the current collector foil is ensured.
At present, the current collector foil surface perforation technology mainly comprises the following steps: 1. a punching method, wherein the surface of the current collector is punched by utilizing a convex die, a concave die and a convex needle; 2. and the etching method is to carry out perforation on the surface of the current collector by utilizing photoetching corrosion and electrolytic corrosion. 3. The laser drilling method is a method of performing drilling by using the ablation effect of laser. However, each method has the following problems: the aperture of the hole prepared by the punching method is usually more than 300 μm, and the surface of the foil has burrs, so that the strength of the male die and the male needle is problematic if the punching size is further reduced. The etching method has complex process and high large-scale production cost. The laser punching method uses a fixed laser point and a guide rail to punch holes or uses a scanner to punch holes, the efficiency problem needs to be solved by the guide rail moving type punching, and the processing breadth and the aperture of the scanning type punching can not be independently set.
In summary, the existing preparation method for roughening the surface of the current collector foil and the existing perforation method have defects, and no effective method and device for roughening and perforating the surface of the current collector foil are available, so that the use requirements of the electrochemical energy storage device cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for preparing a current collector foil with roughened and perforated surfaces.
Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method of a current collector foil with roughened surface and punched holes, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, selecting two rollers, wherein one roller is a steel roller, the other roller is a surface flexible roller, erecting the steel roller on a numerical control lathe, and processing protrusions with preset size, shape and distribution on the surface of the steel roller by using a laser texturing process;
and 300, installing a laser punching module at the outlet of the rolling mill, driving a scanning head to move along the direction vertical to the movement direction of the foil by using a translation mechanism of the laser punching module, scanning the scanning head along the movement direction of the foil to form a scanning belt in the moving process, and then performing laser punching on the foil in the scanning belt by using laser to finally obtain the current collector foil with roughened surface and punched holes.
The invention also discloses a device used in the preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
the rolling mill comprises two rollers which are oppositely clamped, wherein one roller is a steel roller with a raised surface, and the other roller is a flexible surface roller;
the laser punching module is installed at an outlet of the rolling mill, performs laser punching on the rolled foil, and comprises a scanning head for scanning the foil to form a scanning belt, a translation mechanism for driving the scanning head to move, and a laser for punching the foil in the scanning belt through the scanning head.
The method and the device of the invention have the following characteristics:
1. the foil is provided with a single-side pit, the surface appearance of the pit is formed by the stretching action of the downward extrusion of the bulge of the steel roller surface, the local thinning is not obvious, and the foil has good mechanical property and high surface roughness;
2. the aperture of the laser drilling is controlled by the scanning head parameter and the laser parameter of the laser drilling module, and the drilling breadth is controlled by the translation mechanism of the laser drilling module, so that the aperture and the drilling breadth are independently arranged;
3. the adhesion of the coating to the foil is improved by the combination of dots and faces and a lithium ion transport channel is provided.
The characteristics endow the surface roughened and punched current collector foil with excellent comprehensive performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a foil rolling process according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic photograph of the surface of a foil prepared in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic photograph of another surface structure of the foil shown in fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The detailed structure and implementation process of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a surface-roughened, perforated current collector foil is disclosed, comprising the steps of:
step 100, selecting two rollers, wherein one roller is a steel roller, the other roller is a surface flexible roller, erecting the steel roller on a numerical control lathe, and processing protrusions with preset size, shape and distribution on the surface of the steel roller by using a laser texturing process;
as shown in fig. 2, the height of the protrusion 1-1 on the surface of the steel roller 1 is 1.5 to 3 times of the thickness t of the foil 3, and the shape of the protrusion 1-1 can be a single-side protrusion and an annular protrusion, wherein the single-side protrusion is formed by extruding molten steel in a molten pool from the side direction after the molten pool is formed on the surface of the steel roller 1 by using laser; the annular bulge is formed by forming a molten pool on the surface of the steel roller 1 by using laser and then extruding molten steel molten in the molten pool from the center.
The distribution of the bulges 1-1 can be free spiral line, one-dimensional random distribution along the circumferential direction and two-dimensional random distribution along the circumferential direction and the axial direction, namely, the interval distance between every two bulges 1-1 in the circumferential direction and the axial direction can be equal or unequal; the average distribution of the protrusions 1-1 is 100 multiplied by 100 mu m to 500 multiplied by 500 mu m. Different sizes and shapes of the protrusions 1-1 can be obtained by adjusting laser texturing parameters. In addition, the whole laser texturing process can be programmed with a corresponding control program and input into a numerical control machine tool so as to automatically control the distribution of the bulges on the surface of the roller according to the size and the rotating speed of the rollers 1 and 2.
The surface material of the surface flexible roller 2 is polyurethane or other high-hardness high polymer materials, has high wear resistance and rebound property, and can be applied to reusable materials.
in the step, the bulge 1-1 on the surface of the metal roller 1 presses the corresponding position on the foil 3 into the surface of the surface flexible roller 2, other parts of the foil 3 are pressed by the steel roller 1 and the surface flexible roller 2, only the contact part of the bulge 1-1 forms a stretching effect sinking towards the surface flexible roller 2, corresponding shapes are prepared on the surface of the foil 3, one surface of the rolled foil 3 is a single-surface pit formed by directly pressing the bulge 1-1, the other surface of the rolled foil is formed after the pit bulges, the shapes of the two surfaces are opposite, and the surface roughness is equal, so that the rolled foil has good mechanical property and high surface roughness.
And 300, installing a laser punching module at the outlet of the rolling mill, driving a scanning head to move along the direction vertical to the movement direction of the foil by using a translation mechanism of the laser punching module, scanning the scanning head along the movement direction of the foil to form a scanning belt in the moving process, and then performing laser punching on the foil in the scanning belt by using laser to finally obtain the current collector foil with roughened surface and punched holes.
As shown in FIG. 3, inIn the step, the diameter of the through hole 8 on the foil 3 can be controlled by adjusting the focal length of the scanning head 4 and the parameters of the laser 6, the scanning length of the scanning belt 7 can be determined by referring to the focal length of the scanning head 4, and the breadth during laser punching is determined by the stroke of the translation mechanism 5. The scanning head 4 forms a scanning belt 7 on the foil 3, the size of the scanning belt along the moving direction of the foil 3 is 10-200 mm, and the size of the scanning belt along the direction vertical to the moving direction of the foil is equal to the width of the foil 3. The pulse energy of the laser 6 during punching is 1-10 mJ, the pulse width is 0.5-5 mu s, and the focal spot power density is 108～109W/cm2The repetition frequency is 1-50 kHz.
After the foil 3 subjected to surface roughening treatment at the rolling mill enters the laser drilling module, the scanning head 4 performs section-by-section laser drilling on the foil 3 through the laser 6 according to a scanning belt 7 formed on the foil 3, and the translation mechanism 5 is responsible for driving the scanning head 4 to move the scanning head 4 when the foil 3 is drilled, so that corresponding through holes 8 are formed in the foil and distributed finally.
The foil 3 obtained through the steps in the embodiment has a single-side concave pit, the surface appearance is formed by the stretching action of the downward extrusion of the bulge of the steel roller, the local thinning is not obvious, and the foil has good mechanical property and high surface roughness; the aperture of the laser drilling is controlled by the scanning head parameter and the laser parameter of the laser drilling module, and the drilling breadth is controlled by the translation mechanism of the laser drilling module, so that the aperture and the drilling breadth are independently arranged; the obtained foil can improve the adhesion performance of the coating to the foil through point-surface combination, and a lithium ion transmission channel is provided. And finally, the surface roughened and perforated current collector foil has excellent comprehensive performance.
The foil 3 in this embodiment may be a commonly used current collector material, for example: the thickness of the aluminum and the copper is 6-25 mu m, the aperture of the through holes formed by laser drilling is 20-60 mu m, the distribution of the through holes is 0.1 multiplied by 0.1 mm-1 multiplied by 1mm, and the surface roughness Ra is 1.0-3.0 mu m.
As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment of the present invention, there is disclosed a rolling apparatus for surface roughened, perforated current collector foil, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a rolling mill and a laser drilling module; the rolling mill comprises two rollers which are oppositely clamped, wherein one roller is a steel roller 1 the surface of which is provided with a bulge, and the other roller is a surface flexible roller 2 the surface of which is flexible;
the laser punching module is installed at the outlet of a rolling mill, and carries out laser punching on the foil 3 after the texturing treatment, and comprises a scanning head 4 for scanning the surface of the foil 3 to form a scanning belt 7, a translation mechanism 5 for driving the scanning head 4 to move, and a laser 6 for carrying out laser punching 8 on the surface of the foil 3 in the scanning belt 7 through the scanning head 4.
The operational process of the rolling mill can be referred to the previous description and will not be repeated here. In addition, the laser drilling module can adopt the existing laser drilling device. The device can be used for integrally preparing the current collector foil with roughened and perforated surfaces and can also be used for independently preparing the roughened foil and the perforated foil.
The foregoing method and apparatus are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 2, a corresponding steel roller and a surface flexible roller meeting the conditions are selected, then the steel roller 1 is processed on a numerical control lathe by using a laser texturing process, protrusions 1-1 are formed on the surface of the steel roller 1, the height l is 30 micrometers, then the steel roller 1 and the surface flexible roller 2 are assembled on a rolling mill to form a roller pair, an aluminum foil 3 with the thickness of 16 micrometers penetrates through a roller gap, pressure is applied to the roller pair to start rolling, the contact position of the protrusions 1-1 on the surface of the roller 1 and a foil 3 is pressed into the roller surface of the roller 2, other parts of the foil 3 are pressed by the roller 1 and the roller 2, and the protrusions form a local stretching effect on the surface of the foil, so that pits for pressing the protrusions are formed on one surface of the foil 3, and a textured appearance formed by mapping protrusions with the shapes consistent with the protrusions is formed on the other surface.
As shown in fig. 3, the laser punching module is placed at the outlet of the rolling mill, and is composed of a scanning head 4 and a translation mechanism 5 for driving the scanning head 4 to translate on the surface of the foil 3, the scanning head 4 scans along the movement direction of the foil 3, the translation mechanism 5 synchronously moves along the movement direction vertical to the foil 3, a scanning band 7 is formed on the surface of the foil 3 after the pulse laser 6 is input into the scanning head 4, and a through hole 8 is formed on the surface of the foil 3 by adjusting the focal length of the scanning head 4 and the parameters of the pulse laser 6. The scanning head 4 and the translation mechanism 5 both have a motion compensation function, and can ensure that the through holes 8 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum foil 3.
As shown in the photographs of both surfaces of the foil 3 given in fig. 4 and 5, the surface-roughened, perforated aluminum foil 3 was prepared with a surface through-hole diameter of 40 μm and a surface roughness Ra of 3.0 μm.
Thus, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail herein, other variations or modifications which are consistent with the principles of this invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a current collector foil with roughened surface and perforated holes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, selecting two rollers, wherein one roller is a steel roller, the other roller is a surface flexible roller, erecting the steel roller on a numerical control lathe, and processing protrusions with preset size, shape and distribution on the surface of the steel roller by using a laser texturing process;
step 200, assembling the manufactured steel roller and the surface flexible roller on a rolling mill to form a roller pair, enabling the foil to pass through a roller gap, enabling the surface of the steel roller to protrude under the action of rolling force, and pressing the corresponding position of the foil into the surface flexible roller, so that surface texturing structures formed by non-penetrating pits are formed on two sides of the foil;
and 300, installing a laser punching module at the outlet of the rolling mill, driving a scanning head to move along the direction vertical to the movement direction of the foil by using a translation mechanism of the laser punching module, scanning the scanning head along the movement direction of the foil to form a scanning belt in the moving process, and then performing laser punching on the foil in the scanning belt by using laser to finally obtain the current collector foil with roughened surface and punched holes.
2. The production method according to claim 1,
the shape of the protrusion on the surface of the steel roller is a single-side protrusion or an annular protrusion, and the thickness of the foil is 6-25 mu m; the height of the protrusions is 1.5-3 times of the thickness of the foil, and the protrusions are evenly distributed in a range of 100 x 100 micrometers to 500 x 500 micrometers.
3. The production method according to claim 2,
the bulges are distributed on the surface of the steel roller in a free spiral line mode, one-dimensional random distribution along the circumferential direction or two-dimensional random distribution along the circumferential direction and the axial direction.
4. The production method according to claim 1,
the surface material of the surface flexible roller is polyurethane.
5. The production method according to claim 1,
the surface material of the surface flexible roller is a high-hardness high polymer material.
6. The production method according to claim 1,
the size of scanning area along foil direction of motion is 10 ~ 200mm, along perpendicular the size of foil direction of motion equals the width of foil.
7. The production method according to claim 6,
the pulse energy of the laser is 1-10 mJ, the pulse width is 0.5-5 mu s, and the focal spot power density is 108～109W/cm2The repetition frequency is 1-50 kHz.
8. The production method according to claim 7,
the aperture of the laser hole on the foil is 20-60 mu m; the laser holes are distributed in the range of 0.1 multiplied by 0.1mm to 1 multiplied by 1 mm; the surface roughness Ra is 1.0 to 3.0 μm.
9. An apparatus for use in the production method according to claim 1, comprising:
the rolling mill comprises two rollers which are oppositely clamped, wherein one roller is a steel roller with a raised surface, and the other roller is a flexible surface roller;
the laser punching module is installed at an outlet of the rolling mill, performs laser punching on the rolled foil, and comprises a scanning head for scanning the foil to form a scanning belt, a translation mechanism for driving the scanning head to move, and a laser for punching the foil in the scanning belt through the scanning head.
10. The apparatus of claim 9,
the bulges are distributed on the surface of the steel roller in a free spiral line mode, one-dimensional random distribution along the circumferential direction or two-dimensional random distribution along the circumferential direction and the axial direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110016482.XA CN112743243A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Preparation method and device of surface roughened and perforated current collector foil |
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| CN202110016482.XA CN112743243A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Preparation method and device of surface roughened and perforated current collector foil |
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| CN202110016482.XA Pending CN112743243A (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Preparation method and device of surface roughened and perforated current collector foil |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114284502A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-04-05 | 深圳市联赢激光股份有限公司 | Battery current collector, battery preparation method, current collector and battery |
| CN114284502B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-05-31 | 深圳市联赢激光股份有限公司 | Battery current collector, battery preparation method, current collector and battery |
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