CN112731180A - Energy storage system and internal resistance detection method thereof - Google Patents
Energy storage system and internal resistance detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of energy storage, and provides an energy storage system and an internal resistance detection method thereof, wherein the energy storage system comprises an energy storage converter, a battery management system, an energy management unit and a battery pack, and the method comprises the following steps: the energy storage converter injects corresponding specific current into the battery pack according to the detection instruction; the battery management system synchronously detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery in a specific current injection period; and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery. The internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system solves the problems of increased system cost and integration complexity caused by the need of additionally adding detection equipment in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to an energy storage system and an internal resistance detection method thereof.
Background
Electrochemical energy storage is widely applied at present, the performance of a storage battery is the key of reliable work of an energy storage system, if the battery fails or has insufficient capacity, serious accidents can be caused, so that the accurate service life prediction and health state detection of the storage battery are required, and the internal resistance is an important index for measuring the health state of the battery, so that the accurate measurement of the internal resistance is particularly urgent.
In the current energy storage application system, the internal resistance detection methods include a pulse discharge method, a constant current circuit detection method, an alternating current injection method and the like, and for example, a constant current circuit device is adopted to generate fixed current to be injected into a battery pack, and the resistance is calculated through the voltage detected at two ends of the battery pack and the detected current; or constant alternating current signals are injected into the battery pack to obtain the ripple voltage and the ripple current of the battery pack, and the internal resistance is calculated on line.
However, the detection method adopting the constant current circuit device is difficult to be used for online monitoring in practical energy storage application, when an energy storage system works, the battery pack cannot achieve constant current, the detection method can only be used for measurement when the battery is in standing and shutdown, and the use scene is limited. The method for acquiring the ripple voltage and the ripple current of the battery pack can only be passively measured and can only be matched with a specific power supply system for use, and once the ripple frequency generated by the power supply system exceeds an effective frequency band for internal resistance detection, the detection precision is greatly influenced; and secondly, the ripple voltage and the ripple current change along with the change of the load of the power supply system, and if the ripple voltage and the ripple current are smaller, the detection accuracy is deteriorated. In addition, the method for detecting the internal resistance needs to additionally increase detection equipment, and increases the system cost and the integration complexity.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an internal resistance detection method of an energy storage system, and aims to solve the problems of increased system cost and integration complexity caused by the need of additionally adding detection equipment in the prior art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system is applied to the energy storage system, the energy storage system comprises an energy storage converter, a battery management system, an energy management unit and a battery pack, and the method comprises the following steps:
the energy storage converter injects corresponding specific current into the battery pack according to a detection instruction;
the battery management system synchronously detects voltage data and current data of the battery pack and each single battery in a specific current injection period;
and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries.
Still further, the method further comprises:
the energy storage converter synchronously detects voltage data of a port of the energy storage converter in a specific current injection period and synchronizes the voltage data into the energy management unit and the battery management system;
and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of a cable connected between the energy storage converter and the battery pack and the overall internal resistance formed by the battery pack and the connected cable according to the voltage data of the port of the energy storage converter, the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack.
Further, the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system includes:
the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of the battery pack according to the detected current value of the battery pack and the corresponding voltage change value;
and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of each single battery according to the detected current value of the battery pack and the voltage change value of each single battery in the battery pack.
Further, the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system includes:
the battery management system acquires the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack which are detected for multiple times;
the battery management system judges whether the deviation between the voltage data detected for multiple times is smaller than a first preset error threshold value under the condition that the current data detected for multiple times are consistent;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the average internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries which are detected for multiple times.
Further, the step of injecting the corresponding specific current into the battery pack by the energy storage converter according to the detection instruction comprises the following steps:
the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter, wherein the detection instruction comprises current injection time and a current injection type;
and the energy storage converter injects specific current of a corresponding current injection type into the battery pack within corresponding current injection time according to the detection instruction.
Furthermore, the detection instruction further comprises a current injection size and a current injection time interval;
the step that the energy storage converter injects specific current of a corresponding current injection type into the battery pack within corresponding current injection time according to the detection instruction comprises the following steps:
and the energy storage converter injects specific currents corresponding to the current injection type and the current injection size into the battery pack in sequence within corresponding current injection time at intervals of current injection time according to the detection instruction.
Further, before the step of sending the detection command to the energy storage converter by the energy management unit or the battery management system, the method further includes:
the battery management system detects whether the fluctuation range of the voltage data of the battery pack in the adjacent preset time interval is smaller than a set voltage threshold value or not in real time;
and if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter.
Further, the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system includes:
the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery corresponding to each time according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery detected within adjacent preset times;
the energy management unit or the battery management system judges whether the deviation between the determined internal resistances of each battery pack and each single battery is smaller than a second preset error threshold value;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system calculates the average internal resistance of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the determined internal resistance of the battery pack and the single batteries.
Further, the current injection time, the current injection type, the current injection size and the current injection time interval in the detection command may be different at each current injection.
It is also an object of another embodiment of the present invention to provide an energy storage system, including:
the system comprises an energy storage converter, a battery management system, an energy management unit and a battery pack;
the energy storage converter is respectively connected with the battery management system, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for correspondingly controlling charging and discharging of the battery pack according to the control of the battery management system or the energy management unit;
the battery management system is respectively connected with the energy storage converter, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for controlling the energy storage converter, carrying out signal communication with the energy management unit and detecting working data of the battery pack;
the energy management unit is respectively connected with the energy storage converter and the battery management system and is used for controlling the energy storage converter and carrying out signal communication with the battery management system;
when the energy storage system works, the internal resistance detection method is executed.
According to the internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system, the specific current is injected into the battery pack through the energy storage converter, and in the process of injecting the specific current, the battery management system detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery, so that the effective internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery can be finally obtained, and the internal resistance detection can be realized by utilizing the components of the existing energy storage system without additionally arranging an independent battery detection device, so that the integration difficulty is simplified, and the integration cost is reduced; meanwhile, the energy storage converter can realize specific control of the type and the size of a current waveform, so that injection of large direct current can be realized, detection data are more accurate, and detection precision is high; meanwhile, the influence of the parasitic capacitance effect of the battery during alternating current injection can be reduced, and the detection precision can also be improved; meanwhile, the internal resistance detection is finished by utilizing the actual charging and discharging requirements in the energy storage system, so that online detection can be realized without stopping detection by a control system; when the internal resistance is detected, the specific current can be controlled by a battery management system, an energy management unit or the energy storage converter, so that the detection control means for detecting the internal resistance is various; when the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery are calculated, the calculation main body can be a battery management system and an energy management unit, so that the calculation main body for calculating the internal resistance is various, the detection modes of the internal resistance of the battery are richer, the use scene is wider, and the problems of system cost increase and integration complexity increase caused by the fact that detection equipment needs to be additionally added in the prior art are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an internal resistance detection method of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another flowchart of an internal resistance detection method of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block schematic diagram of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another module of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of current injection in the method for detecting internal resistance of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The invention can realize the internal resistance detection of the battery pack and each single battery by utilizing the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter in the components of the existing energy storage system without additionally arranging an independent battery detection device, and meanwhile, the energy storage converter can realize the specific control of the type and the size of the current waveform, so that the injection of larger direct current can be realized, and the detection data is more accurate; meanwhile, the influence of a parasitic capacitance effect of the battery during alternating current injection can be reduced, the detection precision can also be improved, and meanwhile, the internal resistance detection is completed by utilizing the actual charging and discharging requirements in the energy storage system, so that the online detection can be realized, and the problems of system cost increase and integration complexity increase caused by the fact that detection equipment needs to be additionally added in the prior art are solved.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic flow chart of a method for detecting an internal resistance of an energy storage system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, for convenience of description, only a portion related to the first embodiment of the present invention is shown, and the method for detecting an internal resistance of an energy storage system is applied to an energy storage system, and in this embodiment, referring to fig. 3 to 5, the energy storage system includes: the system comprises an energy storage converter, a battery management system, an energy management unit and a battery pack;
the energy storage converter is respectively connected with the battery management system, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for correspondingly controlling charging and discharging of the battery pack according to the control of the battery management system or the energy management unit;
the battery management system is respectively connected with the energy storage converter, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for controlling the energy storage converter, carrying out signal communication with the energy management unit and detecting working data of the battery pack;
the energy management unit is respectively connected with the energy storage converter and the battery management system and is used for controlling the energy storage converter and carrying out signal communication with the battery management system.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage converter includes a dc energy storage converter and an ac energy storage converter, and the energy storage device is further connected to the power grid and/or the load, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the ac scheme, when the energy storage converter is the ac energy storage converter, the ac energy storage converter is specifically connected to the power grid, and at this time, the ac energy storage converter can transfer the energy of the battery pack to the power grid or transfer the energy of the power grid to the battery pack, so as to implement bidirectional conversion of electric energy. As shown in fig. 5, in the dc scheme, when the energy storage converter is a dc energy storage converter, the dc energy storage converter is specifically connected to a subsequent device, and at this time, the subsequent device may be a subsequent inverter or the like. The energy storage converter can realize charge and discharge management of the battery pack, tracking of network side load power, control of charge and discharge power of the energy storage system, control of network side voltage in an off-network operation mode and the like through a control strategy.
Further, the energy storage system may be a pure energy storage system, as shown in fig. 3 and 5; meanwhile, the energy storage system of the photovoltaic integrated photovoltaic micro-grid system can also be a micro-grid system matched with various types of power supplies, and at this time, the photovoltaic integrated photovoltaic micro-grid system is specifically applied to an alternating current scheme, for example, as shown in fig. 4, an alternating current energy storage converter in the energy storage system is also connected with a photovoltaic converter, so that the alternating current energy storage converter can transmit a solar power supply to a battery pack or be connected to a power grid in a grid-connected mode, and it is pointed out that various types of power supplies also include wind power electric energy, diesel power electric energy and the.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system includes, but is not limited to, performing charge and discharge control on the energy storage converter, detecting current and voltage data of the battery pack or each battery cell thereof, and performing signal communication with the energy management unit, wherein to achieve synchronous signal communication among the battery management system, the energy management unit, and the energy storage converter, high synchronization is achieved through high-speed communication or a hardware connection line.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system includes:
step S10, the energy storage converter injects corresponding specific current into the battery pack according to the detection instruction;
in the embodiment of the invention, when the energy storage system needs to detect the internal resistance of the battery pack, any one of the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter can send a detection instruction, and the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter realize high signal synchronization through high-speed communication or hardware connecting lines, for example, when the energy management unit sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter, the battery management system correspondingly synchronizes to the detection instruction at a high speed, so that the battery management system can perform corresponding response operation. At the moment, the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter can control the energy storage converter to realize charging and discharging control on the battery pack, and other devices which are not controlled in the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter can correspondingly synchronize to a detection instruction for controlling the energy storage converter at a high speed.
Further, the detection command includes, but is not limited to, the time of injecting the current, the type of the injected current, and the like, when the energy storage converter starts to inject the current with the specified characteristic into the battery pack accurately at the specified start time according to the detection command, and the specific current injected at this time may be one or several complete cycles, for example, as shown in fig. 6, where the energy storage converter starts to inject a current, specifically, a triangular wave type, into the battery pack from time T0 according to the detection command, and stops injecting at time T2, and then continues to inject into the battery pack from time T3 after a certain time interval, and stops injecting at time T5, so that the specific current is injected into the battery pack twice consecutively. It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the type of the injected current, the time of the injected current, the magnitude of the injected current, the time interval of injecting the current every other, and the like may be set according to actual use requirements, and are not specifically limited herein. Meanwhile, it should be noted that the detection instruction may include a start time and an end time of the injection of the current, so that the energy storage converter correspondingly controls the injection of the specific current according to the detection instruction, or the energy storage converter starts to control the injection of the specific current when receiving the detection instruction, specifically, the internal resistance measurement start instruction, and ends the injection of the specific current when receiving the detection instruction, specifically, the internal resistance measurement end instruction.
Step S20, the battery management system synchronously detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery in a specific current injection period;
in the embodiment of the invention, the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter realize high signal synchronization through high-speed communication or hardware connecting lines, so that when the energy storage converter injects specific current into the battery pack, the battery management system can correspondingly and synchronously detect the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack in a specific current injection period. At the moment, when the energy storage converter injects specific current through high-speed synchronous communication, the battery management system can also synchronously detect the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack at a high speed, so that the starting time point and the ending time point which need to be measured and calculated are correspondingly accurate.
For example, when the energy management unit sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter, the battery management system correspondingly synchronizes to the detection instruction at a high speed; when the energy storage converter correspondingly injects specific current into the battery pack according to self control, the battery management system and the energy management unit of the energy storage converter correspondingly synchronize to the detection instruction sent by the energy storage converter at a high speed, wherein in the embodiment of the invention, when the internal resistance of the energy storage system is detected, the battery management system and the energy management unit are mainly used as a demand side, namely, the detection instruction is sent to the energy storage converter according to corresponding detection requirements; and the energy storage converter is mainly used as a response side, namely, corresponding response operation is carried out according to the detection command.
Further, the battery management system detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack/unit battery in the specific current injection period according to the detection command issued by the battery management system or the corresponding synchronization of the high-speed synchronization detection command, for example, as shown in fig. 6, the battery management system collects the real-time current change data and the real-time voltage change data in the specific current injection period (i.e., the periods T0-T2, T3-T5). It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 6, the battery management system can detect and collect voltage data and current data of each single battery in the battery pack, and can also detect and collect overall total voltage data and current data of the battery pack correspondingly.
Step S30, the energy management unit or the battery management system determines the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system calculates the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries, which are synchronously detected during the specific current injection period, and at this time, the battery management system needs to correspondingly determine the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the type of the injected specific current when calculating the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries. The injection current types include, but are not limited to, a constant current, a triangular wave current, a trapezoidal wave current, a sine wave current with a specified frequency, a rectangular wave and a steamed bread wave, wherein the current injection manner in the embodiment of the present invention is flexible, and the supported injection types cannot be exhausted, so the injection current types are not limited to the above-mentioned exemplary types. When the energy storage converter is a direct current energy storage converter, the energy storage converter can inject current with direct current components such as triangular wave current, trapezoidal wave current and the like; when the energy storage converter is an alternating current energy storage converter, the energy storage converter can inject the current of any type of direct current component or alternating current component. If the battery management system determines that the injected specific current is a triangular wave current, the battery management system correspondingly detects and determines the current average value of the injected specific current; when the battery management system determines that the injected specific current is a sine wave current, the corresponding detection determines the current effective value (namely, root mean square value) of the injected specific current. At the moment, the battery management system calculates the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to the data of the corresponding type.
Furthermore, high signal synchronization is realized among the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter through high-speed communication or hardware connecting lines, so that when the battery management system acquires voltage data and current data of the battery pack and each single battery, corresponding signals can be synchronized to the energy management unit, and therefore the energy management unit can also determine the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to corresponding calculation of the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery acquired by the battery management system.
In the embodiment, the specific current is injected into the battery pack through the energy storage converter, and in the process of injecting the specific current, the battery management system detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery, so that the effective internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery can be finally obtained; meanwhile, the energy storage converter can realize specific control of the type and the size of a current waveform, so that injection of large direct current can be realized, detection data are more accurate, and detection precision is high; meanwhile, the influence of the parasitic capacitance effect of the battery during alternating current injection can be reduced, and the detection precision can also be improved; meanwhile, the internal resistance detection is finished by utilizing the actual charging and discharging requirements in the energy storage system, so that online detection can be realized without stopping detection by a control system; when the internal resistance is detected, the specific current can be controlled by a battery management system, an energy management unit or the energy storage converter, so that the detection control means for detecting the internal resistance is various; when the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery are calculated, the calculation main body can be a battery management system and an energy management unit, so that the calculation main body for calculating the internal resistance is various, the detection modes of the internal resistance of the battery are richer, the use scene is wider, and the problems of system cost increase and integration complexity increase caused by the fact that detection equipment needs to be additionally added in the prior art are solved.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic flow chart of an internal resistance detection method of an energy storage system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, for convenience of description, only a portion related to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, the internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system is applicable to the energy storage system, and the corresponding portion may refer to the first embodiment, specifically, in the present embodiment, the internal resistance detection method includes:
step S11, the energy storage converter injects corresponding specific current into the battery pack according to the detection instruction;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage converter injects a corresponding specific current into the battery pack according to the detection instruction by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that (I) an energy management unit or a battery management system sends a detection instruction to an energy storage converter, wherein the detection instruction comprises current injection time and current injection type;
and (II) the energy storage converter injects specific current corresponding to the current injection type into the battery pack within the corresponding current injection time according to the detection instruction.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the step (one) further includes:
the battery management system detects whether the fluctuation range of the voltage data of the battery pack in adjacent preset time intervals is smaller than a set voltage threshold value or not in real time;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter.
The battery management system detects the voltage data of the battery pack in real time before the resistance detection is carried out to send a detection instruction, and avoids the influence on the precision of the internal resistance detection caused by the large voltage fluctuation range of the battery pack. At this time, the battery management system detects whether the voltage of the battery pack is kept stable within a certain time range, that is, whether the fluctuation range within the adjacent preset time interval is smaller than a set voltage threshold value, and it should be noted that, since the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter realize high signal synchronization through high-speed communication or a hardware connection line, the energy management unit can also correspondingly acquire the voltage data of the battery pack detected by the battery management system. At this time, when any one of the energy management unit or the battery management system needs to detect the internal resistance of the battery pack, the energy management unit or the battery management system can correspondingly acquire the voltage data of the detected battery pack, and when the fluctuation range in the adjacent preset time interval is detected to be smaller than the set voltage threshold, the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the detection instruction further includes a current injection size and a current injection time interval, and the step (two) further includes:
and the energy storage converter injects specific current corresponding to the current injection type and the current injection size into the battery pack in sequence within the corresponding current injection time at intervals of current injection time according to the detection instruction.
The current injection type in the embodiment of the invention includes but is not limited to constant current, triangular wave current, trapezoidal wave current, sine wave current, rectangular wave and steamed bread wave; the current injection time, the current injection type, the current injection size and the current injection time interval in the detection command at each current injection may be different. At the moment, the length of current injection time is controllable, the type of current injection is controllable, the magnitude of current injection is controllable, and the interval of current injection time is controllable, wherein it is pointed out that when the energy storage converter is a direct-current energy storage converter, the direct-current energy storage converter can control the specific current of direct-current components such as triangular waves, trapezoidal waves and the like; when the energy storage converter is an alternating current energy storage converter, the alternating current energy storage converter can control and inject any type of specific current.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection command to the energy storage converter, so that when the energy storage converter injects a specific current into the battery pack correspondingly, the specific current injected each time may be a current with the same current injection size, the same current injection type, the same current injection time, and the same current injection time interval each time, for example, as shown in fig. 6, the specific current with the same current injection size and all being triangular wave currents is injected in the same current injection time. In this case, it is convenient to determine whether the variation difference of the voltage detected each time is within the acceptable deviation range according to the same current characteristic parameter, so as to better solve the internal resistance of the battery pack.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection command to the energy storage converter, so that when the energy storage converter injects a specific current into the battery pack, the specific current injected each time may be a current with a different current injection size, a different current injection type, a different current injection time, and a different current injection time interval at each time interval, for example, a triangular wave current with a first current injection size is injected in a first current injection time, a sinusoidal wave current with a second current size is injected in a second current injection time after the first current injection time interval, and a trapezoidal wave current with a third current size is injected in a third current injection time after the second current injection time interval, and the steps are sequentially repeated, where the battery management system may inject a trapezoidal wave current with a third current size according to the detected current data of the battery pack and each battery cell and the current data of each battery cell and the current injection time interval during which each current injection is stopped The voltage data determines the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery which are obtained at present, and deviation comparison can be carried out on the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery which are obtained each time to determine whether the internal resistance is within an acceptable deviation range, so that the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery can be obtained better.
In step S21, the battery management system synchronously detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each battery cell during a specific current injection period.
Step S31, the energy storage converter synchronously detects the voltage data of the port in the specific current injection period and synchronizes the voltage data to the energy management unit and the battery management system;
in the embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that the energy storage converter is used for controlling charging and discharging of the battery pack, and the energy storage converter can detect voltage data of the port of the battery pack, wherein the energy management unit, the battery management system, the energy storage converter and the battery pack are connected by cables, the voltage data of the port detected by the energy storage converter is a voltage combined by the battery pack and the cable connected between the battery pack and the energy storage converter, and the energy storage converter can detect the voltage data of the port synchronously during a period of injecting a specific current into the battery pack, and high signal synchronization is realized by high-speed communication or a hardware connection line, so that the voltage data is synchronized into the energy management unit and the battery management system.
Step S41, the energy management unit or the battery management system determines the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery;
in the embodiment of the present invention, the determining of the internal resistances of the battery pack and each of the single batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each of the single batteries is mainly implemented by the following steps:
firstly, an energy management unit or a battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of the battery pack according to the detected current value of the battery pack and the corresponding voltage change value;
and secondly, the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of each single battery according to the detected current value of the battery pack and the voltage change value of each single battery in the battery pack.
In the embodiment of the invention, the battery management system can detect the current data and the voltage data of the battery pack, can detect the current data and the voltage data of each single battery in the battery pack, and can perform corresponding internal resistance calculation according to the determined current injection type, and if linear currents such as triangular wave current, constant current and the like are detected, the average value of the specific current is calculated; when nonlinear currents such as sine waves are detected, the effective value (namely root mean square value) of the specific current is calculated, and the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the detected current values (average values or effective values) of the battery pack and the single batteries and the corresponding voltage change values caused by the specific current. Meanwhile, high signal synchronization is realized among the battery management system, the energy management unit and the energy storage converter through high-speed communication or hardware connecting lines, so that when the battery management system acquires voltage data and current data of the battery pack, corresponding signals can be synchronized to the energy management unit, and therefore the energy management unit can also determine the internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to corresponding calculation of the current value and the voltage change value of the battery pack and each single battery acquired by the battery management system.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the individual batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the individual batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system further includes:
the battery management system acquires voltage data and current data of the battery pack which are detected for multiple times;
the battery management system judges whether the deviation between the voltage data detected for multiple times is smaller than a first preset error threshold value under the condition that the current data detected for multiple times are consistent;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the average internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery which are detected for multiple times.
According to the above description and fig. 6, when the energy storage converter injects a specific current of the same current injection type and the same current injection magnitude in the same current injection time, the battery management system may detect that the injected current data are consistent for multiple times, and at this time, the battery management system determines whether the deviation between the voltage data detected for multiple times is smaller than a first preset error threshold; the method is used for avoiding the problem that the detection precision is not high due to the fact that the voltage change of the battery pack is large due to external characteristics or other reasons, at the moment, when the battery management system judges and determines that the change difference of the voltage data detected each time is within an acceptable deviation range, the average internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery is correspondingly determined according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack detected for multiple times and each single battery, and correspondingly, the calculated average internal resistance is further determined through the average internal resistance of each single battery, so that the detection calculation precision is effectively improved. If the battery management system determines that the deviation between the voltage data detected for multiple times is not less than the first preset error threshold, the step S11 is executed again to perform internal resistance redetection of the energy storage system. Accordingly, the energy management unit can correspondingly determine the average internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries which are detected for multiple times by the battery management system.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the individual batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the individual batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system further includes:
the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack corresponding to each time and each single battery according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery detected within adjacent preset times;
the energy management unit or the battery management system judges whether the deviation between the internal resistances of each battery pack and each single battery is smaller than a second preset error threshold value or not;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system calculates the average internal resistance of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the determined internal resistances of the battery packs and the single batteries.
Wherein, according to the above, when the energy storage converter injects specific currents of different current injection types with different current injection sizes in different current injection times and the interval time of current injection is different during each injection, the battery management system can detect the current data and voltage data of the battery pack and each single battery in each specific current injection period, at this time, the battery management system can determine the internal resistance of the currently obtained battery pack and each single battery according to the detected current data and voltage data in the current injection time interval during which the current injection is stopped each time, the corresponding energy management unit can correspondingly calculate and determine the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery according to the synchronized data, and at this time, the energy management unit or the battery management system determines whether the deviation between the internal resistances of each determined battery pack and each single battery is smaller than a second preset error threshold value or not, if so, calculating to obtain the average internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to the determined internal resistances of each battery pack and each single battery, otherwise, re-executing the step S11 to re-detect the internal resistance, wherein the energy management unit or the battery management system detects that the deviation between the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery obtained each time is within the acceptable deviation range, and calculates to obtain the average internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery according to the determined internal resistances of each battery pack and each single battery, so that the calculated average internal resistance is more effective in improving the detection calculation accuracy.
Step S51, the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of the cable connected between the energy storage converter and the battery pack and the integral internal resistance formed by the battery pack and the connected cable according to the voltage data of the port of the energy storage converter, the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack;
in the embodiment of the invention, the energy management unit and the battery management system can correspondingly determine the internal resistance of the cable connected between the energy storage converter and the battery pack and the overall internal resistance formed by the battery pack and the connected cable at the moment according to the voltage data of the synchronized energy storage converter port and the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack detected by the battery management system.
Specifically, for example, the battery management system detects current data of the battery pack and also synchronizes voltage data of the port of the energy storage converter, at this time, the battery pack and the connected cable can be correspondingly detected and calculated to form an overall internal resistance, and at this time, the battery management system can correspondingly detect the internal resistance of the cable according to the overall internal resistance and the internal resistance of the battery pack, so that whether the cable is aged or not can be correspondingly determined. And the corresponding energy management unit can correspondingly detect and calculate the internal resistance of the cable and the integral internal resistance formed by the battery pack and the connected cable according to the voltage data of the synchronized energy storage converter port and the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack. Furthermore, the energy storage converter can detect the integral internal resistance formed by the battery pack and the connected cable according to the voltage data of the port and the data of the injected specific current, and synchronize the detected and calculated integral internal resistance into the battery management system and the battery management system.
In the embodiment, the internal resistance detection can be realized by utilizing the components of the existing energy storage system without additionally arranging an independent battery detection device, so that the integration difficulty is simplified, and the integration cost is reduced; meanwhile, the energy storage converter can realize specific control of the type, the size and the like of a current waveform, so that injection of large direct current can be realized, detection data are more accurate, and detection precision is high; meanwhile, the influence of the parasitic capacitance effect of the battery during alternating current injection can be reduced, and the detection precision can also be improved; meanwhile, the internal resistance detection is finished by utilizing the actual charging and discharging requirements in the energy storage system, so that online detection can be realized without stopping detection by a control system; when the internal resistance is detected, the specific current can be controlled by a battery management system, an energy management unit or the energy storage converter, so that the detection control means for detecting the internal resistance is various; when the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery are calculated, a calculation main body can be a battery management system and an energy management unit, so that the calculation main bodies for calculating the internal resistances are various, the detection modes of the internal resistances of the batteries are richer, and the use scene is wider; meanwhile, the internal resistance detection of the battery pack is started when the voltage of the battery pack is detected to be stable, and the average internal resistance within a certain deviation range is detected by multiple times of injection when specific current is injected, so that the detection data are more accurate.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 3 to fig. 5, which are block schematic diagrams of an energy storage system according to a third embodiment of the present invention, for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, the energy storage system is suitable for the internal resistance detection method according to the foregoing method embodiment, and the energy storage system includes:
a Power Conversion System (PCS), a Battery Management System (BMS), an Energy Management Unit (EMU), and a Battery pack;
the energy storage converter is respectively connected with the battery management system, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for correspondingly controlling charging and discharging of the battery pack according to the control of the battery management system or the energy management unit;
the battery management system is respectively connected with the energy storage converter, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for controlling the energy storage converter, carrying out signal communication with the energy management unit and detecting working data of the battery pack;
the energy management unit is respectively connected with the energy storage converter and the battery management system and is used for controlling the energy storage converter and carrying out signal communication with the battery management system;
when the energy storage system works, the internal resistance detection method as described in the first embodiment or the second embodiment is performed.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage converter includes a dc energy storage converter and an ac energy storage converter, and the energy storage device is further connected to the power grid and/or the load, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the ac scheme, when the energy storage converter is the ac energy storage converter, the ac energy storage converter is specifically connected to the power grid, and at this time, the ac energy storage converter can transfer the energy of the battery pack to the power grid or transfer the energy of the power grid to the battery pack, so as to implement bidirectional conversion of electric energy. As shown in fig. 5, in the dc scheme, when the energy storage converter is a dc energy storage converter, the dc energy storage converter is specifically connected to a subsequent device, and at this time, the subsequent device may be a subsequent inverter or the like. The energy storage converter can realize charge and discharge management of the battery pack, tracking of network side load power, control of charge and discharge power of the energy storage system, control of network side voltage in an off-network operation mode and the like through a control strategy. The energy storage converter is used for peak clipping and valley filling, frequency modulation and phase modulation, load smoothing and fluctuation stabilizing during the operation of an energy storage system.
Further, the energy storage system may be a pure energy storage system, as shown in fig. 3 and 5; the energy storage system may also be a microgrid system which is matched with various types of power supplies and is applied to an alternating current scheme, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, an alternating current energy storage converter in the energy storage system is further connected with a photovoltaic converter, the alternating current energy storage converter transmits a solar power supply to a battery pack or is connected to a power grid in a grid-connected manner, and it should be noted that various types of power supplies also include wind power electric energy, diesel power electric energy and the like, which are not specifically limited herein.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system includes, but is not limited to, performing charge and discharge control on the energy storage converter, detecting current and voltage data of the battery pack and each battery cell thereof, and performing signal communication with the energy management unit, wherein to achieve synchronous signal communication among the battery management system, the energy management unit, and the energy storage converter, high synchronization is achieved through high-speed communication or a hardware connection line.
In the embodiment of the invention, the specific current is injected into the battery pack through the energy storage converter, and in the process of injecting the specific current, the battery management system detects the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery, so that the effective internal resistance of the battery pack and each single battery can be finally obtained; meanwhile, the influence of a parasitic capacitance effect of the battery during alternating current injection can be reduced, the detection precision can also be improved, and meanwhile, the internal resistance detection is completed by utilizing the actual charging and discharging requirements in the energy storage system, so that the online detection can be realized, and the problems of system cost increase and integration complexity increase caused by the fact that detection equipment needs to be additionally added in the prior art are solved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, only the above-mentioned division of the functional units and modules is used as an example, in practical applications, the above-mentioned function distribution may be performed by different functional units or modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the storage device is divided into different functional units or modules to perform all or part of the above-mentioned functions. Each functional unit and module in the embodiments may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit, and the integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or may be implemented in a form of software functional unit. In addition, specific names of the functional units and modules are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the present application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the constituent structures shown in fig. 3-5 do not constitute limitations of the energy storage system of the present invention, and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components, and that the internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system in fig. 1-2 may also be implemented using more or fewer components than those shown in fig. 3-5, or some components in combination, or a different arrangement of components.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system is applied to the energy storage system, and is characterized in that the energy storage system comprises an energy storage converter, a battery management system, an energy management unit and a battery pack, and the method comprises the following steps:
the energy storage converter injects corresponding specific current into the battery pack according to a detection instruction;
the battery management system synchronously detects voltage data and current data of the battery pack and each single battery in a specific current injection period;
and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries.
2. The internal resistance detection method of an energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
the energy storage converter synchronously detects voltage data of a port of the energy storage converter in a specific current injection period and synchronizes the voltage data into the energy management unit and the battery management system;
and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of a cable connected between the energy storage converter and the battery pack and the overall internal resistance formed by the battery pack and the connected cable according to the voltage data of the port of the energy storage converter, the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack.
3. The internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the individual batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the individual batteries comprises:
the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of the battery pack according to the detected current value of the battery pack and the corresponding voltage change value;
and the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistance of each single battery according to the detected current value of the battery pack and the voltage change value of each single battery in the battery pack.
4. The internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the individual batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the individual batteries comprises:
the battery management system acquires the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack which are detected for multiple times;
the battery management system judges whether the deviation between the voltage data detected for multiple times is smaller than a first preset error threshold value under the condition that the current data detected for multiple times are consistent;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the average internal resistances of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the single batteries which are detected for multiple times.
5. The method for detecting the internal resistance of the energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the step of injecting the corresponding specific current into the battery pack by the energy storage converter according to the detection instruction comprises:
the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter, wherein the detection instruction comprises current injection time and a current injection type;
and the energy storage converter injects specific current of a corresponding current injection type into the battery pack within corresponding current injection time according to the detection instruction.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the detection instruction further includes a current injection magnitude and a current injection time interval;
the step that the energy storage converter injects specific current of a corresponding current injection type into the battery pack within corresponding current injection time according to the detection instruction comprises the following steps:
and the energy storage converter injects specific currents corresponding to the current injection type and the current injection size into the battery pack in sequence within corresponding current injection time at intervals of current injection time according to the detection instruction.
7. The method for detecting the internal resistance of the energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the step of sending the detection command to the energy storage converter by the energy management unit or the battery management system further comprises:
the battery management system detects whether the fluctuation range of the voltage data of the battery pack in the adjacent preset time interval is smaller than a set voltage threshold value or not in real time;
and if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system sends a detection instruction to the energy storage converter.
8. The internal resistance detection method of the energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein the step of determining the internal resistances of the battery pack and the individual batteries by the energy management unit or the battery management system according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and the individual batteries comprises:
the energy management unit or the battery management system correspondingly determines the internal resistances of the battery pack and each single battery corresponding to each time according to the voltage data and the current data of the battery pack and each single battery detected within adjacent preset times;
the energy management unit or the battery management system judges whether the deviation between the determined internal resistances of each battery pack and each single battery is smaller than a second preset error threshold value;
if so, the energy management unit or the battery management system calculates the average internal resistance of the battery pack and the single batteries according to the determined internal resistance of the battery pack and the single batteries.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the current injection time, the current injection type, the current injection size and the current injection time interval in the detection command may be different at each current injection.
10. An energy storage system, comprising:
the system comprises an energy storage converter, a battery management system, an energy management unit and a battery pack;
the energy storage converter is respectively connected with the battery management system, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for correspondingly controlling charging and discharging of the battery pack according to the control of the battery management system or the energy management unit;
the battery management system is respectively connected with the energy storage converter, the energy management unit and the battery pack and is used for controlling the energy storage converter, carrying out signal communication with the energy management unit and detecting working data of the battery pack;
the energy management unit is respectively connected with the energy storage converter and the battery management system and is used for controlling the energy storage converter and carrying out signal communication with the battery management system;
the energy storage system operates to perform the internal resistance detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Application publication date: 20210430 |