CN112725205B - 一株酵母属菌种及其筛选方法和应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及全细胞催化领域,公开了一株酵母属菌种及其筛选方法和应用,酵母属菌种(Limtongozyma cylindracea)SA‑X于2020年6月8日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.20048SA‑X菌种全细胞可以在非水相体系催化豆腐果苷的酰化反应。该酵母属菌种在非水相条件下作为全细胞催化剂,能够显著提高豆腐果苷酰化反应的催化活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及微生物及生物化工领域,特别涉及一株能够在非水相体系中催化豆腐果苷生成酯衍生物的酵母属菌种及其筛选方法和应用。
背景技术
豆腐果苷作为山龙眼果实中的主要活性成分,目前已在临床上用于治疗各种疾病,如神经衰弱综合症、三叉神经痛和血管性头痛等。最近的一些研究发现,豆腐果苷还具有治疗抑郁症和与黑色素沉着相关的皮肤病的潜力。然而,豆腐果苷是一种多羟基化合物,脂溶性差,生物利用度较低。研究证明,豆腐果苷酯类衍生物具有比亲代化合物更好的生物活性和生物利用度。肉桂酸属于酚酸类化合物,广泛存在于自然界中,具有抗氧化、抑制酪氨酸酶活性、抗肿瘤、增强免疫等多种生物活性。因此,在保持豆腐果苷原有基本骨架结构基础上对其进行肉桂酸酰化修饰改造,可以获得生物活性提高且具有良好生物利用度的豆腐果苷酯衍生物。和纯酶催化剂相比,使用微生物全细胞催化剂,避免了纯酶制剂繁琐的制备过程,极大地降低了生物催化的成本,而且全细胞具有完整的细胞结构,给酶提供了一个天然保护屏障,可以最大程度地保持酶在有机溶剂中的构象和催化活性。因此筛选一种用于豆腐果苷化合物结构修饰的全细胞催化剂具有极高利用前景,其中来源于假丝酵母属的微生物已经在生物催化中得到了较多利用,而通过进一步定向选育的方法获得用于豆腐果苷结构修饰的酵母属菌种具有较高利用价值。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种能够在非水相体系中全细胞催化豆腐果苷生成酯衍生物的酵母属菌种及其筛选方法和应用,该酵母属菌种在非水相条件下作为全细胞催化剂,能够显著提高豆腐果苷酰化反应的催化活性。
技术方案:本发明提供了一株酵母属菌种(Limtongozyma cylindracea)SA-X,于2020年6月8日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.20048。
本发明还提供了一种酵母属菌种的筛选方法,包括以下步骤:S1:配制选择性酵母菌富集培养基、中性红油脂平板培养基、三丁酸甘油酯培养基、种子液培养基和发酵液培养基;S2:将在富含油脂的土壤中采集到的土壤样品,先在无菌蒸馏水中充分振摇溶解,取上清液置于所述选择性酵母菌富集培养基中培养,得酵母菌富集培养菌液;S3:用无菌水将所述酵母菌富集培养菌液稀释后涂布于普通酵母菌培养基平板,挑取不同单菌落在所述中性红油脂平板培养基上培养,选取发生红色显色的菌落作为初筛菌株进行纯化;S4:将纯化后的所述初筛菌株均匀涂布于普通真菌培养基平板,待菌落布满平板时,切取菌落小块接种于所述三丁酸甘油酯培养基上,将产生透明圈的菌种作为复筛菌株;S5:将所述复筛菌株经种子液培养基培养后,以2%的接种量接种于所述发酵液培养基上培养,得酵母属菌种的液体种子;S6:培养结束后,8000r/min离心10min去除发酵液,用去离子水洗涤湿菌体,冷冻干燥,获得的冻干菌体即为酵母属菌种。
优选地,所述选择性酵母菌富集培养基的组成为:0.01%酵母膏、0.05%MgSO4·7H2O、1%Na2HPO4、0.5%NaCl、0.2%KH2PO4、1%-2%混合植物油、0.03%链霉素、0.03%放线菌酮。
优选地,所述混合植物油由体积比为1:1:5~1:1:10的核桃油、山茶油和橄榄油组成。
优选地,以质量体积比计,所述中性红油脂平板培养基的组成为:0.3%蛋白胨、0.3%牛肉膏、10%-15%混合植物油聚乙烯醇乳化液、0.75%NaCl、0.05%MgSO4·7H2O、0.2%琼脂粉、0.03%氯霉素、0.03%链霉素、0.02%中性红溶液。所述中性红油脂平板培养基的pH为7.0~7.5。
优选地,所述混合植物油聚乙烯醇乳化液由体积比为1:2-1:4的混合植物油和聚乙烯醇混合后,通过超声波进行乳化而成。所述混合植物油由体积比为1:3-1:10的山茶油和橄榄油混合而成。
优选地,以质量体积比计,所述三丁酸甘油酯培养基的组成为:0.2%-1.0%蛋白胨、0.5%酵母浸出粉、1%NaCl、0.3%三丁酸甘油酯、0.03%链霉素、2%琼脂粉。
优选地,以质量体积比计,所述种子液培养基的组成为:2%蔗糖、1%牛肉浸膏、0.2%-1%蛋白胨、0.05%MgSO4·7H2O、0.5%(NH4)2SO4、1%NaCl。
优选地,以质量体积比计,所述发酵液培养基的组成为:0.75%植物油、0.1%酵母浸膏、0.2%K2HPO4、0.03%MgSO4·7H2O、0.5%(NH4)2SO4。
优选地,所述植物油由大豆油和橄榄油按照3:1~4:1的体积比混合而成。
本发明还提供了一种所述的酵母属菌种在非水相条件下作为全细胞催化剂在豆腐果苷酰化反应中的应用。
有益效果:豆腐果苷是中药材山龙眼的主要功能成分,但其脂溶性较差、生物利用度低,需要对其进一步结构修饰才能提高其应用效果。本发明是专门针对豆腐果苷酰化反应开发的微生物全细胞催化剂,通过微生物菌种筛选程序,获得了一株酵母属菌种(Limtongozyma cylindracea)SA-X,该菌种的全细胞催化剂可以在非水相条件下保持活力,并能高效地催化豆腐果苷生成酯衍生物,大大提高了豆腐果苷的药用价值。全细胞催化是指利用完整的生物有机体(即全细胞、组织甚至个体)作为催化剂进行转化,其本质是利用细胞内的酶进行催化;由于是全细胞催化剂,与现有技术中的酶催化相比,全细胞催化具有以下更多的优点:
(1)全细胞催化剂的制备简单易得,可以省略繁琐的酶分离纯化和固定化工艺,降低生产成本;
(2)全细胞具有完整的细胞结构和细胞膜,酶以天然固定化的方式被保护于细胞中,有利于在有机溶剂、极端pH、高温等反应环境中最大程度地保持酶的构象和催化活性;
(3)全细胞可以给多步生物转化反应提供不同的酶系和辅助因子,而且可以有效地实现辅酶再生;
(4)全细胞催化剂不仅可以催化自身的底物及其类似物,也可催化外源添加的天然底物类似物。
实验表明:该酵母属菌种SA-X(CGMCC No.20048)在非水相条件下作为全细胞催化剂,能够显著提高豆腐果苷酰化反应的催化活性,豆腐果苷肉桂酸酰化反应中,以脱水有机溶剂为反应体系,豆腐果苷20mM,肉桂酸乙烯酯100-400mM,酵母属菌种菌种SA-X全细胞40-80mg/mL,40-50℃,200r/min反应12h取样经高效液相检测出峰时间13.67min的产物峰面积比达99%。
该菌株经种子液培养基摇瓶培养24h后,以2%的接种量于发酵液培养基摇瓶培养48h,离心弃去上清液得到湿菌体,用去离子水洗涤两次离心,真空冷冻干燥,获得的冻干菌体即为酵母属菌种SA-X全细胞催化剂,生物量可达1.9g/L。
具体实施方式
实施方式1:
本实施方式提供了一种酵母属菌种的筛选方法:
S1:配制选择性酵母菌富集培养基:以质量体积比计,选择性酵母菌富集培养基的组成为(w/v):0.01%酵母膏、0.05%MgSO4·7H2O、1%Na2HPO4、0.5%NaCl、0.2%KH2PO4、2%混合植物油、0.03%链霉素、0.03%放线菌酮。混合植物油由体积比为1:1:8的核桃油、山茶油和橄榄油组成。其混合比例为1:1:8)。
配制pH为7.0~7.5的中性红油脂平板培养基:以质量体积比计,中性红油脂平板培养基的组成为(w/v):0.3%蛋白胨、0.3%牛肉膏、10%-15%混合植物油聚乙烯醇乳化液、0.75%NaCl、0.05%MgSO4·7H2O、0.2%琼脂粉、0.03%氯霉素、0.03%链霉素、0.02%中性红溶液。上述混合植物油聚乙烯醇乳化液由体积比为1:3.5的混合植物油和聚乙烯醇混合后,通过超声波进行乳化而成。上述混合植物油由体积比为1:10的山茶油和橄榄油混合而成。配制三丁酸甘油酯培养基:以质量体积比计,三丁酸甘油酯培养基的组成为(w/v):0.5%蛋白胨、0.5%酵母浸出粉、0.8%NaCl、0.3%三丁酸甘油酯、2%琼脂粉。
配制种子液培养基:以质量体积比计,种子液培养基的组成为(w/v):2%蔗糖、1%牛肉浸膏、0.2%-1%蛋白胨、0.05%MgSO4·7H2O、0.5%(NH4)2SO4、1%NaCl。
配制发酵液培养基:以质量体积比计,发酵液培养基的组成为(w/v):0.75%植物油、0.1%酵母浸膏、0.2%K2HPO4、0.03%MgSO4·7H2O、0.5%(NH4)2SO4。上述植物油由体积比为3:1~4:1的大豆油和橄榄油混合而成。S2:将采集的淮安某高校厨房下水道处富含油脂的土壤样品,先在无菌蒸馏水中充分振摇,取上清液置于选择性酵母菌富集培养基中培养,得酵母菌富集培养菌液;
S3:用无菌水将富集培养菌液稀释后涂布于普通酵母菌培养基平板(用无菌水将富集培养菌液分别稀释至10-4,10-5,10-6梯度,分别取200μL涂于普通培养基平板),挑取菌株接种于所述中性红油脂平板培养基上,选取发生红色显色的菌落作为初筛菌株进行纯化;
S4:将纯化后的初筛菌株均匀涂布于普通真菌培养基平板,待菌落布满平板时,切取菌落小块接种于所述三丁酸甘油酯培养基上,将产生透明圈的菌种作为复筛菌株;
S5:将复筛菌株经种子液培养基培养后,以2%的接种量接种于发酵液培养基上培养。
S6:培养结束后,8000r/min离心10min去除发酵液,用去离子水洗涤湿菌体,冷冻干燥,获得的冻干菌体即为酵母属菌种SA-X全细胞催化剂。
酵母属菌种SA-X(CGMCC No.20048)由江苏省淮安市清江浦区淮阴工学院第八食堂外侧的含油脂土壤中分离获得。称取样品5g溶于50mL蒸馏水中,充分搅拌溶解,静置15min,吸取上层液体1mL置入装有100mL富集培养基的三角瓶中,30℃、180r/min摇床发酵培养2~3d。用无菌水将富集培养液分别稀释至10-4,10-5,10-6梯度,分别取200μL涂布于真菌培养平板上,每个稀释度2次重复,30℃倒置培养1~2d,挑取生长较快的菌株划线接种至中性红油脂平板,每隔12h观察一次,将菌落周围发生红色显色的菌落作为初筛目的菌株进行纯化并保种。将初筛目的菌株接种于基础平板,切小块接种于三丁酸甘油酯平板,产生透明圈可用于菌种鉴定。
鉴定方法:通过形态特征,生理生化实验和真菌26S rDNA序列分析对该菌株进行鉴定。
形态学特征:SA-X菌种在麦芽汁液体培养基中培养3天,表面产生白色菌膜,有沉淀;细胞长柱形或椭圆形,出芽生殖。在麦芽汁琼脂培养基上培养3天,菌落呈白色,低凸,表面干燥,边缘不整齐。在子囊孢子培养基上培养3-5天,不产子囊孢子。在PDA培养基上培养3-5天,形成假菌丝。经生理生化实验表明,菌种SA-X可以利用葡萄糖、半乳糖、山梨糖,不能利用麦芽糖、蔗糖、棉籽糖、木糖等。
26S rDNA基因扩增和序列分析:从基因组DNA中扩增出真菌26S rDNA序列基因片段。PCR产物送上海生工生物工程股份有限公司进行测序。测序结果如下:
GCGGAGGAAAAGAAACCAACAGGGATTGCCTTAGTAACGGCGAGTGAAGCGGCAAGAGCTCAAATTTGAAATCTGGCACTTTCAGTGTCCGAGTTGTAATTTGAAGAAGGCAGTCTTGGTAGTCAACCTTGTCTATGTTCCTTGGAACAGGACGTCACAGAGGGTGAGAATCCCGTGCGATGAGGATTGGCTGCTATGTAAGGCGCTTTCGAAGAGTCGAGTTGTTTGGGAATGCAGCTCTAAGTGGGTGGTAAATTCCATCTAAAGCTAAATATTGGCGAGAGACCGATAGCGAACAAGTACAGTGATGGAAAGATGAAAAGAACTTTGAAAAGAGAGTGAAACAGTACGTGAAATTGTTGAAAGGGAAGGGCTTGAGATTAGACTTGGTTTTGCTCAATCATTTCTCCTTGTGGGAGGTGCTCTTGGCTTTACCGGGCCAGCATCGGTTTTGATGGCGGGATAAGAACGTTTGAATGTGGCCCCTCGGGGTGTTATAGCTTTCGTTGATACCGCCTATTGGGACCGAGGACTGCGTCTTTGACAAGGATGCTGGCGTAATGATCTTAAGCCGCCCGTCT
通过BLAST软件对测定26S rRNA基因序列进行同源性比较,结果见表1,菌株SA-X与NCBI中报导的Limtongozyma cylindracea的亲缘关系最近,同源性可达100.00%,因此,将该菌株鉴定为Limtongozyma cylindracea,与Candida cylindracea高度同源,疑似为柱状假丝酵母属菌种。
表1 SA-X测序比对结果
上述筛选得到的酵母属菌种(Limtongozyma cylindracea)SA-X,于2020年6月8日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.20048。
实施方式2:酵母属菌种SA-X在非水相条件下作为全细胞催化剂在豆腐果苷酰化反应中的应用实验
地点:淮阴工学院生科学院生物催化实验室
将SA-X(CGMCC No.20048)菌株接种到种子液培养基中30℃,180rpm振荡培养24h后,以2%的接种量接种于发酵液培养基中30℃,180rpm振荡培养48h,然后8000rpm离心10min,弃去上清液得到湿菌体,用去离子水洗涤两次,-80℃预冻过夜,-45℃真空冷冻干燥30h,获得的冻干菌体即为SA-X全细胞催化剂。4℃冰箱中密封储存备用。经优化培养条件后SA-X菌种全细胞催化剂生物量可达1.9g/L。
酰化反应实验:将豆腐果苷、菌种SA-X全细胞催化剂、肉桂酸乙烯酯从冰箱中提前拿出放至室温,在50mL带盖反应瓶中加入20mL脱水丙酮,20mM豆腐果苷,100mM肉桂酸乙烯酯,混合均匀后分别加入50mg/mL SA-X全细胞催化剂,置于恒温振荡器内(40℃,200r/min)进行反应。离心去除催化剂,将得到的反应液进行减压蒸馏得到豆腐果苷酯衍生物粗产物,利用乙酸乙酯/石油醚进行梯度洗脱,进行快速柱层析,收集得到的液体经减压蒸馏得到豆腐果苷肉桂酸酯产物,其结构如下:
其结构通过13C NMR鉴定和1H NMR鉴定,其核磁共振数据如下:
Helicid 6'-cinnamate:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ3.52-3.57(m,2,H3'+H4'),4.00(apparent s,1,H6'),4.12(t,1,J=8.0,4.0Hz,H5'),4.23-4.28(m,1,H2'),4.43(apparent d,1,J=8.0Hz,H6'),5.02(d,1,J=8.0Hz,OH3'),5.17(d,1,J=4.0Hz,OH2'),5.25(d,1,J=8.0Hz,OH4'),5.31(d,1,J=8.0Hz,H1'),6.66(d,2,J=16.0Hz,H2”),7.20(d,2,J=12.0Hz,H2+H6),7.40-7.44(m,3,H6”+H7”+H8”),7.65(d,1,J=16.0Hz,H3”),7.69-7.72(m,2,H5”+H9”),7.82(d,2,J=8.0Hz,H3+H5),9.76(s,1,OH7).13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6):δ,64.36(C6'),67.81(C4'),70.51(C2'),71.86(C3'),72.04(C5'),98.39(C1'),116.85(C2+C6),118.46(C2”),128.80(C4+C7”),129.40(C5”+C9”),130.94(C6”+C8”),132.04(C3+C5),134.46(C4”),145.05(C3”),162.53(C1),166.49(C1”),191.62(C7)。
上述实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点,其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 淮阴工学院
<120> 一株酵母属菌种及其筛选方法和应用
<130> 2021
<141> 2021-02-03
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 581
<212> DNA
<213> Limtongozyma cylindracea
<400> 1
gcggaggaaa agaaaccaac agggattgcc ttagtaacgg cgagtgaagc ggcaagagct 60
caaatttgaa atctggcact ttcagtgtcc gagttgtaat ttgaagaagg cagtcttggt 120
agtcaacctt gtctatgttc cttggaacag gacgtcacag agggtgagaa tcccgtgcga 180
tgaggattgg ctgctatgta aggcgctttc gaagagtcga gttgtttggg aatgcagctc 240
taagtgggtg gtaaattcca tctaaagcta aatattggcg agagaccgat agcgaacaag 300
tacagtgatg gaaagatgaa aagaactttg aaaagagagt gaaacagtac gtgaaattgt 360
tgaaagggaa gggcttgaga ttagacttgg ttttgctcaa tcatttctcc ttgtgggagg 420
tgctcttggc tttaccgggc cagcatcggt tttgatggcg ggataagaac gtttgaatgt 480
ggcccctcgg ggtgttatag ctttcgttga taccgcctat tgggaccgag gactgcgtct 540
ttgacaagga tgctggcgta atgatcttaa gccgcccgtc t 581
Claims (2)
1.一株酵母属菌种(Limtongozyma cylindracea)SA-X,其特征在于,于2020年6月8日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏地址为北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,菌种保藏号为CGMCC No.20048。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的酵母属菌种在非水相条件下作为全细胞催化剂在豆腐果苷酰化反应中的应用。
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