CN112723764A - Red mud-based cementing material, red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Red mud-based cementing material, red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
- C04B7/243—Mixtures thereof with activators or composition-correcting additives, e.g. mixtures of fly ash and alkali activators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/021—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates agglomerated by a mineral binder, e.g. cement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/0409—Waste from the purification of bauxite, e.g. red mud
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
- C04B7/153—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators
- C04B7/21—Mixtures thereof with other inorganic cementitious materials or other activators with calcium sulfate containing activators
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
- C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a red mud-based cementing material, a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and a preparation method thereofThe improvement of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate/lightweight aggregate concrete not only improves the strength of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate/lightweight aggregate concrete, but also improves the durability of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate/lightweight aggregate concrete. The red mud-based cementing material is a low-alkalinity sulpho-aluminum cementing material, and sodium aluminosilicate/calcium aluminosilicate and other geopolymers are formed in the preparation process of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate, so that Na can be realized+And (3) curing, wherein the two are combined to improve the strength of the baking-free lightweight aggregate and reduce the alkalinity of the concrete, so that the alkali aggregate reaction of the lightweight aggregate concrete is relieved, and the durability of the lightweight aggregate concrete is improved. The addition of the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent can reduce the density of the unfired lightweight aggregate, and the organosilicon waterproofing agent reduces the water absorption of the unfired lightweight aggregate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste utilization, in particular to a red mud-based cementing material, a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
At present, most of the existing technologies for preparing lightweight aggregate concrete use natural aggregate and sintered ceramsite as lightweight aggregate, and the utilization of red mud is limited to the use of the red mud as admixture. However, the red mud-based aggregate used for preparing the lightweight aggregate concrete by using the red mud-based lightweight aggregate as a raw material is also mostly sintered red mud aggregate.
The inventor finds that the related technology of resource utilization of red mud in the prior art has the following problems: (1) in the process of preparing building materials by resource utilization of the red mud, the utilization of the red mud is realized only for a certain preparation link, and the multi-stage iteration and comprehensive utilization of the red mud are not realized, so that the utilization rate of the red mud is low. (2) At present, the sintered lightweight aggregate or natural lightweight aggregate and ordinary silica cement are mainly used as raw materials in the process of preparing lightweight aggregate concrete, and the alkali aggregate reaction has great influence on the durability of the concrete; (3) the technology for preparing the lightweight aggregate from the red mud at the present stage is mainly prepared by a sintering method, and part of the technology is prepared by non-sintering, while the red mud-based lightweight aggregate prepared by non-sintering generally has the problems of high density, low strength, high water absorption and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a red mud-based cementing material, a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and a preparation method thereof.
To solve the above technical problem, one or more of the following embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a red mud-based cementing material, which comprises the following steps:
drying the red mud or the red mud-based waste residue, the aluminum residue, the desulfurized gypsum and the limestone tailings, and then mixing the dried materials according to a mass ratio of 15-25: 20-35: 20-30: 25-35 mixing and grinding;
calcining the ground mixed powder to prepare red mud-based cementing material clinker;
the red mud-based cementing material clinker and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed and ground to prepare the red mud-based cementing material.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a red mud-based cementing material, which is prepared by the preparation method of the red mud-based cementing material.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a red mud-based lightweight aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and grinding the red mud-based cementing material, the fly ash and the red mud according to a set proportion, and sieving to obtain mixed powder;
granulating the mixed powder, and spraying a hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution in the granulating process;
and curing the granulated mixture particles, and spraying a waterproof agent on the surface of the mixture particles to obtain the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate, which is prepared by the preparation method of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete, which comprises the following steps:
screening the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate to obtain 0.15-1mm lightweight fine aggregate instead of common light sand, and 5-20mm continuous graded lightweight coarse aggregate instead of limestone aggregate for later use;
and (3) premixing the red mud-based cementing material, the red mud-based light fine aggregate and the red mud-based light coarse aggregate, then adding water and a water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the red mud-based light aggregate concrete.
In a sixth aspect, the invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete, which is prepared by the preparation method of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the above embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the multistage iterative utilization and comprehensive utilization of the red mud are realized, the utilization rate of the red mud is greatly improved, and the utilization rate of the red mud reaches over 80 percent.
2. The red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete has the advantages that the red mud-based cementing material, the geopolymer cementing material, the foaming agent and the organic silicon waterproof agent with high performance and low cost are utilized, the performance of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate is improved, the performance of the lightweight aggregate concrete is further improved, the strength of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate/lightweight aggregate concrete is improved, and the durability of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate/lightweight aggregate concrete is improved.
The red mud-based cementing material is a low-alkalinity sulpho-aluminum cementing material, and sodium aluminosilicate/calcium aluminosilicate and other geopolymers are formed in the preparation process of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate, so that Na can be realized+And (3) curing, wherein the two are combined to improve the strength of the baking-free lightweight aggregate and reduce the alkalinity of the concrete, so that the alkali aggregate reaction of the lightweight aggregate concrete is relieved, and the durability of the lightweight aggregate concrete is improved. The addition of the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent can reduce the density of the unfired lightweight aggregate, and the organosilicon waterproofing agent reduces the water absorption of the unfired lightweight aggregate.
3. The baking-free lightweight aggregate product and the lightweight aggregate concrete product prepared by the invention do not need steam curing.
4. The bulk density of the red mud-based unfired lightweight aggregate product prepared by the invention is 710-1080Kg/m3Cylinder pressure strength of 3.8-8.6MPa and water absorption7.2-10%, softening coefficient of 0.66-0.71, Na2The content of O is 2.5-3%.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the multistage iterative utilization of red mud for preparing lightweight aggregate concrete according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of the red mud-based cementing material prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a morphology chart of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of compressive strengths of red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and the reference group.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a red mud-based cementing material, which comprises the following steps:
drying the red mud or the red mud-based waste residue, the aluminum residue, the desulfurized gypsum and the limestone tailings, and then mixing the dried materials according to a mass ratio of 15-25: 20-35: 20-30: 25-35 mixing and grinding;
calcining the ground mixed powder to prepare red mud-based cementing material clinker;
the red mud-based cementing material clinker and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed and ground to prepare the red mud-based cementing material.
The red mud-based cementing material is prepared by the synergistic complementation of silicon-aluminum-iron-based solid waste and calcium sulfate-based solid waste, wherein the red mud and the aluminum slag as the silicon-aluminum-iron-based solid waste can provide a Si source and an Al source for the preparation of the red mud-based cementing material, the limestone tailings and the desulfurized gypsum as the calcium sulfate-based solid waste can provide a Ca source for the preparation of the material, and the limestone tailings contain rich calcium carbonate and can provide a sufficient calcium source for the preparation of the material.
In some embodiments, the temperature of the calcination is 1210-1230 ℃ and the calcination time is 1.5-2.5 h.
Further, the calcination temperature is 1215-1225 ℃, and the calcination time is 1.7-2.2 h.
Further, the calcination temperature was 1220 ℃ and the calcination time was 2 hours.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the red mud-based cementitious material clinker to the desulfurized gypsum is 90-96:4: 10.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a red mud-based cementing material, which is prepared by the preparation method of the red mud-based cementing material.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a red mud-based lightweight aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
mixing and grinding the red mud-based cementing material, the fly ash and the red mud according to a set proportion, and sieving to obtain mixed powder;
granulating the mixed powder, and spraying a hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution in the granulating process;
and curing the granulated mixture particles, and spraying a waterproof agent on the surface of the mixture particles to obtain the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
The volume weight of the fly ash is only about 2/3 of cement, the particle shape is good, and the fly ash contains a large amount of glass beads, so that the fly ash can play a role of micro-aggregate to enable the lightweight aggregate to be more compact, and the strength of the lightweight aggregate can be improved while the density is reduced by properly adding the fly ash; in addition, the fly ash is rich in active silicon-aluminum components and has alkali-activated activity, and the alkali metal Na in the red mud2The content of O is high, the alkalinity is strong, the two synergistic effect can form compact geopolymer gelled materials such as sodium aluminosilicate/calcium aluminosilicate, and the like, and Na can be realized while the strength of the lightweight aggregate is increased+Effectively curing, thereby reducing the alkalinity of the light aggregate and relieving the frosting phenomenon of the red mud-based aggregate.
The red mud-based cementing material is an early-strength and quick-hardening cementing material, the initial setting time is 10-15min, and a dynamic foaming process of synchronous granulation and synchronous foaming needs to be realized in the process of preparing the lightweight aggregate, so hydrogen peroxide with better activity needs to be selected as a foaming agent, and the foaming process can be completed before the material is condensed.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the red mud-based cementitious material to the fly ash to the red mud is 10-30: 5-15: 70-90.
Furthermore, the number of the sieved meshes is 140 meshes and 160 meshes.
In some embodiments, the mass percent of the hydrogen peroxide in the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution is 0.2% -1%.
In some embodiments, the parameters of the pelletizer are: diameter: 70-100cm, the rotating speed is 30-40rpm, the angle is 40-50 degrees, the granulation time is 8-12min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate with water stain, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to be 0.3-0.38.
In some embodiments, the time for curing the granulated mixture granules is 5-10 days, preferably 7 days.
Maintaining at normal temperature and normal pressure, with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 99 percent.
In some embodiments, the silicone waterproofing agent has a mass concentration of 4 to 9%, preferably 5%.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate, which is prepared by the preparation method of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete, which comprises the following steps:
screening the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate to obtain 0.15-1mm lightweight fine aggregate instead of common light sand, and 5-20mm continuous graded lightweight coarse aggregate instead of limestone aggregate for later use;
and (3) premixing the red mud-based cementing material, the red mud-based light fine aggregate and the red mud-based light coarse aggregate, then adding water and a water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the red mud-based light aggregate concrete.
In some embodiments, the water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of collecting, crushing and grinding residues in the preparation process as raw materials for preparing the red mud-based cementing material.
In a sixth aspect, the invention provides a red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete, which is prepared by the preparation method of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the red mud-based cementing material is prepared by the following steps of (1) drying red mud, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and limestone tailings for later use; (2) respectively taking 15 parts of red mud; 35 parts of limestone tailings; 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum; and 20 parts of aluminum slag, namely grinding and uniformly mixing the red mud with limestone tailings, the aluminum slag and the desulfurized gypsum, and calcining the mixture to prepare the red mud-based cementing material clinker, wherein the calcining temperature is 1220 ℃ and the calcining time is 2 hours. The XRD pattern of the prepared red mud-based cementing material is shown in figure 2.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing the red mud-based cementing material clinker in parts by mass: 95% of desulfurized gypsum: 5 percent, and evenly mixing and grinding to obtain the red mud-based cementing material.
The red mud-based lightweight aggregate is prepared by the following steps: (1) counting according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of red mud-based cementing material, 10 parts of fly ash and 70 parts of red mud, and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve; (2) taking H with the mass fraction of 30%2O2Adding 15ml of the solution into 1.455L of water for dilution to prepare a foaming agent solution; (3) placing the mixture in a disc granulator, and spraying a foaming agent solution to prepare the red mud-based lightweight aggregate; the parameters of the granulator are as follows: diameter: 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 10min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate with slight water stain, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to be 0.3-0.38; (4) curing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate for 7d at normal temperature and normal pressure; (5) according to the mass fraction: 5 percent of organosilicon waterproofing agent is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate for standby; (6) sieving red mud-based lightweight aggregate into 0.15-1mm lightweight thin bonesThe material replaces common light sand, and the 5-20mm continuous graded light coarse aggregate replaces limestone aggregate for standby. The morphology of the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate is shown in figure 3.
The preparation method of the lightweight aggregate concrete comprises the following steps: putting 520 parts of the red mud-based cementing material, 707 parts of the red mud-based lightweight fine aggregate and 575 parts of the red mud-based lightweight coarse aggregate prepared in the previous steps into a drum mixer, stirring for 15min, pouring 168 parts of water and a mixed solution prepared by 4 parts of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete.
The prepared red mud-based cementing material has the following properties: the mortar has the compressive strength of 3d 49.6MPa, 28d 58.3MPa, the flexural strength of 3d 6.9MPa and 28d 7.6 MPa. Density 2.83g/cm-3Specific surface area 373m2Kg, setting time: initial setting for 25min and final setting for 60 min.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate has the following properties: bulk density: 1080kg/m3The apparent density: 1820kg/m3Water absorption: 7.2%, barrel pressure strength: 8.6MPa, softening coefficient 0.66, Na2The O content is 1.15%.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete has the following properties: slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 51.8 MPa. Breaking strength: 5.07Mpa, split tensile strength 4.22Mpa, dry density: 1916Kg/m3。
Example 2
The red mud-based cementing material is prepared by the following steps of (1) drying red mud, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and tailings for later use; (2) respectively taking 20 parts of red mud; 30 parts of limestone tailings; 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 25 parts of aluminum slag, namely grinding and uniformly mixing the red mud with limestone tailings, the aluminum slag and the desulfurized gypsum, and calcining the mixture to prepare the red mud-based cementing material clinker, wherein the calcining temperature is 1220 ℃ and the calcining time is 2 hours.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing the red mud-based cementing material clinker in parts by mass: 95% of desulfurized gypsum: 5 percent, and evenly mixing and grinding to obtain the red mud-based cementing material.
The preparation steps of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate are as follows: (1) counting according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of red mud-based cementing material, 15 parts of fly ash and 65 parts of red mud, and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve; (2) mass taking outFraction of 30% of H2O2Adding 45ml of the solution into 1.455L of water for dilution to prepare a foaming agent solution; (3) placing the mixture in a disc granulator, and spraying a foaming agent solution to prepare the red mud-based lightweight aggregate (the parameters of the granulator are that the diameter is 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 10min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed to ensure that the surface of the lightweight aggregate is slightly soaked with water, and the water-cement ratio is preferably controlled to be 0.3-0.38); (4) curing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate for 7d at normal temperature and normal pressure; (5) according to the mass fraction: 5 percent of organosilicon waterproofing agent is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate for standby; (6) screening the red mud-based lightweight aggregate into 0.15-1mm lightweight fine aggregate to replace common light sand, and replacing limestone aggregate with 5-20mm continuous graded lightweight coarse aggregate for later use.
The preparation method of the lightweight aggregate concrete comprises the following steps: putting 520 parts of the red mud-based cementing material, 707 parts of the red mud-based light fine aggregate and 575 parts of the red mud-based light coarse aggregate prepared by the previous steps in the embodiment into a drum mixer for stirring for 15min, pouring 160 parts of water and 4 parts of a mixed solution prepared by a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the red mud-based light aggregate concrete.
The prepared red mud-based cementing material has the following properties: the mortar has the compressive strength of 3d 52.8MPa,28d 68.5MPa, the flexural strength of 3d7.2MPa and 28d 8.3 MPa. Density 2.88g/cm-3Specific surface area 385m2Kg, setting time: initial setting for 20min and final setting for 50 min.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate has the following properties: bulk density: 830kg/m3The apparent density: 1700kg/m3Water absorption: 9.1%, barrel pressure strength: 5.8Mpa, softening coefficient 0.71Na2O, content 1.1%.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete has the following properties: slump: 98mm, 28d compressive strength 52.2 MPa. Breaking strength: 5.5Mpa, split tensile strength 4.5Mpa, dry density: 1830Kg/m3。
Example 3
The red mud-based cementing material is prepared by the following steps of (1) drying red mud, aluminum slag, desulfurized gypsum and tailings for later use; (2) respectively taking 20 parts of red mud; 30 parts of limestone tailings; 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum; 25 parts of aluminum slag, namely grinding and uniformly mixing the red mud with limestone tailings, the aluminum slag and the desulfurized gypsum, and calcining the mixture to prepare the red mud-based cementing material clinker, wherein the calcining temperature is 1220 ℃ and the calcining time is 2 hours. The method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing the red mud-based cementing material clinker in parts by mass: desulfurized gypsum 95: 5, uniformly mixing and grinding to obtain the red mud-based cementing material.
The preparation steps of the red mud-based lightweight aggregate are as follows: (1) counting according to mass fraction, uniformly mixing and grinding 20 parts of the red mud-based cementing material, 15 parts of fly ash and 65 parts of red mud, and sieving with a 150-mesh sieve; (2) taking H with the mass fraction of 30%2O2Adding 75ml of the solution into 1.455L of water for dilution to prepare a foaming agent solution; (3) placing the mixture in a disc granulator, and spraying a foaming agent solution to prepare the red mud-based lightweight aggregate; the parameters of the granulator are as follows: diameter: 80cm, the rotating speed is 33rpm, the angle is 45 degrees, the granulation time is 10min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate with slight water stain, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to be 0.3-0.38; (4) curing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate for 7d at normal temperature and normal pressure; (5) according to the mass fraction: 5 percent of organosilicon waterproofing agent is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate for standby; (6) screening the red mud-based lightweight aggregate into 0.15-1mm lightweight fine aggregate to replace common light sand, and replacing limestone aggregate with 5-20mm continuous graded lightweight coarse aggregate for later use.
The preparation method of the lightweight aggregate concrete comprises the following steps: 520 parts of the red mud-based cementing material prepared by the steps, 650 parts of the red mud-based light fine aggregate, and 600 parts of the red mud-based light coarse aggregate are placed into a drum mixer to be mixed for 15min, then 160 parts of water and 4 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent are poured into the mixture, and the mixture is uniformly mixed, so that the red mud-based light aggregate concrete is obtained.
The prepared red mud-based cementing material has the following properties: the mortar has the compressive strength of 3d 52.8MPa,28d 68.5MPa, the flexural strength of 3d7.2MPa and 28d 8.3 MPa. Density 2.88g/cm-3Specific surface area 385m2Kg, setting time: initial setting for 20min and final setting for 50 min.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate has the following properties: bulk density: 710kg/m3The apparent density: 1620kg/m3Water absorption: 10%, barrel pressure strength: 3.2Mpa, softening coefficient 0.71Na2O, content 1.15%.
Prepared red mud basePerformance of lightweight aggregate concrete: slump: 98mm, 28d compressive strength 45.5mpa bending strength: 4.3Mpa, 3.2Mpa of tensile strength and 1720Kg/m of dry density3。
Reference group:
the cementing material does not adopt the red mud-based cementing material used in the invention, and the cementing material of the reference group adopts 425 ordinary portland cement. The fine aggregate of the reference group adopts common light sand, and the coarse aggregate adopts sintered ceramsite with continuous gradation. The preparation method of the lightweight aggregate concrete comprises the following steps: putting 520 parts of ordinary Portland cement, 707 parts of red light sand aggregate and 575 parts of 5-25 continuous gradation sintered ceramsite into a drum mixer, stirring for 15min, pouring 168 parts of water and 4 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to prepare a mixed solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the light aggregate concrete.
The selected ordinary portland cement has the following properties: the mortar strength compression strength is 3d 28.9MPa, 28d 46.5MPa, the rupture strength is 3d 6.3MPa, 28d 8.2 MPa. Density 2.85g/cm-3Specific surface area 423m2Kg, setting time: initial setting of 190min and final setting of 248 min.
The performance of the selected sintered ceramsite is as follows: bulk density: 850kg/m3The apparent density: 1650kg/m3Water absorption: 11%, barrel pressure strength: 5.5Mpa, softening coefficient 0.66.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete has the following properties: slump: 95mm, 28d compression strength 48.2 MPa. Breaking strength: 4.3Mpa, split tensile strength 3.56Mpa, dry density: 1730Kg/m3。
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the limestone tailings are replaced by the iron tailings, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
The prepared red mud-based cementing material has the following properties: the mortar has the compressive strength of 3d 35.6MPa, 28d 45.8MPa, the flexural strength of 3d 6.1MPa and 28d 6.3 MPa. Density 2.95g/cm-3Specific surface area 353m2Kg, setting time: initial setting for 20min and final setting for 60 min.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate has the following properties: bulk density: 1100kg/m3The apparent density: 1920kg/m3Water absorption: 7.2%, barrel pressure strength: 7.6MPa, softening seriesNumber 0.72, Na2The O content is 2.25%.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete has the following properties: slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 46.5 MPa. Breaking strength: 4.8Mpa, split tensile strength 3.6Mpa, dry density: 1950Kg/m3。
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the aqueous hydrogen peroxide blowing agent solution was replaced with an Al powder blowing agent as compared with example 1.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate has the following properties: bulk density: 1150kg/m3The apparent density: 2002kg/m3Water absorption: 6.5%, barrel pressure: 9.1MPa, softening coefficient 0.56, Na2The O content is 1.15%.
The prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete has the following properties: slump: 95mm, 28d compressive strength 54.8 MPa. Breaking strength: 6.1MPa, split tensile strength 4.8MPa, dry density: 2100Kg/m3。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a red mud-based cementing material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
drying the red mud or the red mud-based waste residue, the aluminum residue, the desulfurized gypsum and the limestone tailings, and then mixing the dried materials according to a mass ratio of 15-25: 20-35: 20-30: 25-35 mixing and grinding;
calcining the ground mixed powder to prepare red mud-based cementing material clinker;
the red mud-based cementing material clinker and the desulfurized gypsum are mixed and ground to prepare the red mud-based cementing material.
2. The method for preparing the red mud-based cementing material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the calcining temperature is 1210-1230 ℃, and the calcining time is 1.5-2.5 h;
further, the calcining temperature is 1215-1225 ℃, and the calcining time is 1.7-2.2 h;
furthermore, the calcining temperature is 1220 ℃, and the calcining time is 2 h;
further, the mass ratio of the red mud-based cementing material clinker to the desulfurized gypsum is 90-96:4: 10.
3. A red mud-based cementing material is characterized in that: the red mud-based cementing material is prepared by the method for preparing the red mud-based cementing material of any one of the claims 1 or 2.
4. A preparation method of red mud-based lightweight aggregate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
mixing and grinding the red mud-based cementing material, the fly ash and the red mud according to a set proportion, and sieving to obtain mixed powder;
granulating the mixed powder, and spraying a hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution in the granulating process;
and curing the granulated mixture particles, and spraying a waterproof agent on the surface of the mixture particles to obtain the red mud-based lightweight aggregate.
5. The method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate according to claim 4, wherein: the mass ratio of the red mud-based cementing material to the fly ash to the red mud is 10-30: 5-15: 70-90;
furthermore, the number of the sieved meshes is 140 meshes and 160 meshes;
in some embodiments, the mass percent of the hydrogen peroxide in the hydrogen peroxide foaming agent solution is 0.2% -1%;
in some embodiments, the parameters of the pelletizer are: diameter: 70-100cm, the rotating speed is 30-40rpm, the angle is 40-50 degrees, the granulation time is 8-12min, the foaming agent solution is sprayed on the surface of the lightweight aggregate with water stain, and the water-cement ratio is controlled to be 0.3-0.38;
further, the time for curing the granulated mixture granules is 5 to 10 days, preferably 7 days.
6. The method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate according to claim 4, wherein: the mass concentration of the organosilicon waterproofing agent is 4-9%, preferably 5%.
7. A red mud-based lightweight aggregate is characterized in that: the red mud-based lightweight aggregate is prepared by the method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
8. A preparation method of red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
screening the prepared red mud-based lightweight aggregate to obtain 0.15-1mm lightweight fine aggregate instead of common light sand, and 5-20mm continuous graded lightweight coarse aggregate instead of limestone aggregate for later use;
and (3) premixing the red mud-based cementing material, the red mud-based light fine aggregate and the red mud-based light coarse aggregate, then adding water and a water reducing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain the red mud-based light aggregate concrete.
9. The method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent;
further, the method also comprises the step of collecting, crushing and grinding the residues in the preparation process, and using the residues as raw materials for preparing the red mud-based cementing material.
10. The red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete is characterized in that: the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete is prepared by the method for preparing the red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete according to the claim 8 or 9.
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| PCT/CN2021/098461 WO2022142137A1 (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2021-06-04 | Red mud-based cementing material, red mud-based lightweight aggregate, red mud-based lightweight aggregate concrete and preparation method therefor |
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