CN112720138B - Machining mechanism and machining method for automobile engine cylinder cover - Google Patents

Machining mechanism and machining method for automobile engine cylinder cover Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112720138B
CN112720138B CN202011507832.4A CN202011507832A CN112720138B CN 112720138 B CN112720138 B CN 112720138B CN 202011507832 A CN202011507832 A CN 202011507832A CN 112720138 B CN112720138 B CN 112720138B
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China
Prior art keywords
unit
plate
clamping
fixed
groove
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CN202011507832.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112720138A (en
Inventor
范芝贵
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Kunshan Haizhen Automobile Technology Development Co.,Ltd.
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Kunshan Haizhen Automobile Technology Development Co ltd
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Publication of CN112720138A publication Critical patent/CN112720138A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B9/00Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor
    • B24B9/02Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground
    • B24B9/04Machines or devices designed for grinding edges or bevels on work or for removing burrs; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground of metal, e.g. skate blades
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D31/00Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/04Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/06Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/02Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables
    • B24B47/04Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables by mechanical gearing only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B47/00Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
    • B24B47/22Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B55/00Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
    • B24B55/12Devices for exhausting mist of oil or coolant; Devices for collecting or recovering materials resulting from grinding or polishing, e.g. of precious metals, precious stones, diamonds or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining mechanism and a machining method of an automobile engine cylinder cover, and the machining mechanism comprises a bottom plate, a clamping and fixing unit, a clamping power unit, a lifting unit, a reciprocating unit, a friction unit and a friction block fixing unit; the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a reciprocating unit through a lifting unit, the reciprocating unit is provided with a friction unit through a friction block fixing unit, the rear side of the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a clamping fixing unit, and the clamping fixing unit is provided with a clamping power unit; the mode that can adopt the reciprocal activity of level to polish the bottom of automobile engine cylinder cap, the piece that polishes down is adsorbed by the magnetic path in falling into piece collecting element, avoids sputtering, and sanitary situation is good on every side to the piece that polishes down can directly fall, can not stay the department of polishing, avoids the flower grinding, can change different shape contact plates to different automobile engine cylinder caps, to the extensive applicability of machined part.

Description

Machining mechanism and machining method for automobile engine cylinder cover
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine cylinder cover processing, in particular to a machining mechanism and a machining method of an automobile engine cylinder cover.
Background
The automobile engine cylinder cover is generally made of cast iron, the production of the automobile engine cylinder cover is generally formed by casting and grinding, concave-convex and burr situations can be generated at the bottom installation and connection part of the automobile engine cylinder cover due to the limitation of a mould in the casting process of the automobile engine cylinder cover, so that the grinding needs to be carried out in an machining mode, the existing grinding generally adopts a grinding wheel mode of a machine tool, but scraps are sputtered all around during grinding, the surrounding sanitary condition is poor, and in addition, the clamping limitation is caused due to the fact that the required shapes of clamping plates of different automobile engine cylinder covers are different during grinding.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a machining mechanism and a machining method for an automobile engine cylinder cover, the bottom of the automobile engine cylinder cover can be polished in a horizontal reciprocating mode, polished scraps fall into a scrap collecting unit and are adsorbed by a magnetic block, sputtering is avoided, the surrounding sanitation condition is good, the polished scraps can directly fall and cannot stay at the polished position, the polishing is avoided, contact plates with different shapes can be replaced for different automobile engine cylinder covers, the applicability to machined parts is wide, and the problems in the background technology can be effectively solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a machining mechanism of an automobile engine cylinder cover comprises a bottom plate, a clamping fixing unit, a clamping power unit, a lifting unit, a reciprocating unit, a friction unit and a friction block fixing unit;
the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a reciprocating unit through a lifting unit, the reciprocating unit is provided with a friction unit through a friction block fixing unit, the rear side of the surface of the bottom plate is provided with a clamping fixing unit, and the clamping fixing unit is provided with a clamping power unit;
the fixed unit of centre gripping includes back bracing piece, last square frame, spout one, splint and slider one, the bottom mounting of back bracing piece is in the surperficial middle part rear side of bottom plate, the top of back bracing piece is buckled forward and the front end is fixed with the upper square frame, the top frame is located reciprocal unit directly over, the rectangle slide opening has been seted up respectively at the both sides middle part of going up the square frame, horizontal spout one has been seted up respectively to the side around going up the inboard of square frame, splint are equipped with two and set up at the inboard bilateral symmetry of last square frame, and the front and back end of two splint is fixed with slider one respectively, and the front and back side of two splint all is through slider one and a spout sliding connection.
The lifting unit can drive the reciprocating unit to lift, thereby the degree of polishing is adjusted, the activity that makes a round trip can be realized to the reciprocating unit, thereby it polishes to drive the reciprocal activity of friction unit to the bottom burr of automobile engine cylinder cap through the fixed unit of clutch blocks, can drive the fixed unit activity of centre gripping through centre gripping power pack, make two splint pass through slider one in last square frame along spout one activity in opposite directions, accomplish the centre gripping of automobile engine cylinder cap between to two splint fixed.
Further, the clamping power unit comprises an L-shaped rod, a two-way screw rod, connecting rods, screw hole sleeves, a power motor, a bent rod and sliding rods, the two ends of the rear side of the upper square frame are respectively connected with the end parts of the horizontal parts of the L-shaped rod, the top parts of the vertical ends of the two L-shaped rods are rotatably connected with the two ends of the two-way screw rod, one end of the two-way screw rod penetrates through the top parts of the vertical ends of the L-shaped rod and is fixedly connected with the output end of the power motor, the end parts of the power motor are fixed on the side surfaces of the L-shaped rod, the directions of the threads at the two ends of the two-way screw rod are opposite, the threads at the two ends of the two-way screw rod in different directions are respectively matched and connected with the two screw hole sleeves, the front sides of the two screw hole sleeves are respectively connected with the connecting rods, the side surfaces of one end, far away from the screw hole sleeves, of the two connecting rods are respectively connected with one ends of the bent rod, the other ends of the two bent rods extend to the middle parts of the two sides of the upper square frame and are respectively connected with one ends of the two transverse sliding rods, the two sliding rods are respectively connected with the rectangular sliding holes in the middle parts of the two sides of the upper frame in a sliding mode, and the end parts, extending into the inner side of the upper frame, of the two sliding rods are respectively connected with the middle parts of the side faces of the clamping plates.
The power motor works to drive the bidirectional screw rod to rotate, and the screw holes can be driven to move oppositely because the threads at the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are opposite in direction, so that the connecting rod and the bent rod drive the sliding rod to move oppositely, finally the two clamping plates are driven to complete clamping and fixing operation, and the power motor works in a reverse rotation mode, so that the two clamping plates can be loosened.
Further, the lift unit includes fixing base, elevator motor, nut piece, screw rod, traveller, slide-hole piece, spacing ring and lower square frame, a surperficial angle of bottom plate is fixed with elevator motor through the fixing base, elevator motor's output shaft has vertical screw rod, other three angles in the surface of bottom plate do not are fixed with vertical traveller, and three traveller and a screw rod constitute a rectangle structure, an angle side of lower square frame is fixed with the nut piece, and other three angle sides of lower square frame are fixed with the slide-hole piece respectively, and three slide-hole piece is sliding connection from top to bottom with three traveller respectively, screw rod and its nut piece threaded connection that corresponds, the fixed spacing ring that has cup jointed in the bottom side of three traveller.
The lifting motor can drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod and the nut block can drive the sliding hole blocks at three corners of the lower square frame to move upwards along the sliding column under the action of threads, the lower square frame can be driven to descend if the lifting motor rotates reversely, and the limiting ring can limit the descending maximum limit of the lower square frame in order to avoid the lower square frame from descending too much to touch the lifting motor.
Further, the reciprocating unit comprises two transverse sliding ways, two sliding grooves, a reciprocating plate, two sliding blocks, a connecting shaft, a connecting rod, a motor mounting plate, a reciprocating motor, a rotary rod and a bottom shaft, wherein the two transverse sliding ways are arranged on the lower square frame, the two sliding grooves are formed in the two transverse sliding ways respectively, the two sliding blocks which correspond to the two sliding grooves vertically are arranged at the bottom of the reciprocating plate respectively, the two sliding blocks are connected with the two corresponding sliding grooves in a transverse sliding mode, one end of the connecting rod is movably connected to the bottom of the reciprocating plate through the bottom shaft, the motor mounting plate is fixed to one end side face of the lower square frame, the reciprocating motor is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting plate, an output shaft of the reciprocating motor is connected with a fixed column, the top end of the fixed column is fixedly connected with one end of the rotary rod, and the other end of the rotary rod is movably connected to the other end of the connecting shaft through the connecting shaft.
The rotary rod and the connecting rod form a crank-connecting rod structure, and the reciprocating motor can drive the reciprocating plate to reciprocate along the transverse sliding way through the second sliding block and the second sliding groove.
Further, the fixed unit of clutch blocks includes installation frid, wedge cardboard and fixed pin, the shallow slot has been seted up on the surface of reciprocating plate, the installation frid is placed in the shallow slot, and the surface of installation frid and the surface parallel and level of reciprocating plate, pinhole one has been seted up to the side equidistance of reciprocating plate, and the side of installation frid set up with pinhole one corresponding pinhole two, and reciprocating plate and installation frid are together fixed through the fixed pin that runs through pinhole one and pinhole two, the both sides of installation frid are equipped with respectively and are no less than two wedge cardboard, wedge cardboard fixed connection friction unit. Use the wedge cardboard can make things convenient for preliminary joint friction unit, use the fixed pin can accomplish complete fixed, and is fixed firm, the friction unit of convenient change wearing and tearing.
Further, the friction unit includes clutch blocks, chip groove and chip outlet through-hole, the clutch blocks is placed on the installation frid, the wedge draw-in groove that corresponds the wedge cardboard is seted up to the both sides of clutch blocks, the clutch blocks passes through the wedge draw-in groove and fixes on the installation frid with the joint of wedge cardboard, the chip groove of being no less than two is seted up on the surface of clutch blocks, both ends around the middle part horizontal position of chip groove is less than, and inclination in the chip groove is between five degrees to ten degrees, the chip outlet through-hole has been seted up at the side direction middle part of clutch blocks, the chip outlet through-hole communicates with the middle part minimum of chip groove.
The piece that produces through clutch blocks friction burr can fall into the chip groove, because inclination can make the piece flow to the play bits through-hole outflow, avoids the piece to remain the friction position all the time and causes the condition of scraping the flower.
Further, still include the buffer unit, the buffer unit includes perpendicular slide rail, perpendicular slider, buffering fly leaf, buffer spring and erection column, square groove has been seted up to the medial surface of splint, and square groove both sides are equipped with respectively and erect the slide rail, the buffering fly leaf is located square inslot, and the both sides of buffering fly leaf are equipped with respectively and erect slide rail sliding connection's perpendicular slider, the top of connecting buffer spring through erection column one in the bottom circular slot of buffering fly leaf, the circular slot fixed connection of erection column and square tank bottom surface is passed through to buffer spring's bottom.
The buffering fly leaf can have the space of vertical activity along erecting the slide rail through erecting the slider, can carry out cushioning effect through buffer spring.
Further comprises a replaceable contact unit, the replaceable contact unit comprises a contact plate, friction teeth, a fixed block, a first connecting block, a telescopic rod, a compression spring, a second connecting block, a movable shaft, a movable cylinder, a mounting rod and a clamping block, the friction teeth are arranged on the surface array of the contact plate, the bottom of the contact plate is provided with a fixed block, the surface of the buffer movable plate is positioned at the two sides of the fixed block and is respectively movably connected with a movable cylinder through a movable shaft, the top of the movable cylinder is fixed with an installation rod, the top end of the installation rod is provided with a clamping block, the side surface of the fixed block is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block, one side of the mounting rod far away from the fixed block passes through the top end of a connecting block movably connected telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is obliquely arranged, the bottom end of the telescopic rod is movably connected with the surface of the buffering movable plate through a connecting block II, and a compression spring is sleeved on the side face of the telescopic rod.
The installation rod can be pushed through the compression spring, so that the clamping block at the top of the installation rod is clamped into the side clamping groove of the fixing block, the contact plate can be replaced, different contact plates can be replaced according to different shapes and sizes of the automobile engine cylinder cover, and the application range is wide.
Further, still include the piece collecting element, the piece collecting element includes collects box, joint spring, steel ball, catching groove, the door that opens and shuts, swash plate, magnetic path, pull ring, door-hinge, indulges slide rail and handle, the surface of bottom plate is equipped with two and indulges the slide rail, the bottom of collecting the box with indulge slide rail sliding connection, the front side of collecting the box is equipped with the handle, the inboard bottom of collecting the box is equipped with the swash plate of surperficial slope, the logical inslot in side of swash plate is equipped with the magnetic path, the side of magnetic path is equipped with the pull ring, collect one side opening bottom that the box is located the swash plate bottom and open and shut the door through door-hinge swing joint, the outside of opening and shutting the door is equipped with the catching groove, collect the deep inslot in opening top of box through joint spring coupling steel ball, the steel ball cooperates the joint with the arc draw-in the opening top of opening and shutting.
In the piece whereabouts that drops to collecting the box, because the magnetic path effect can adsorb the piece on the swash plate, avoid the piece to sputter, use the pull ring conveniently to take out the magnetic path, the piece is owing not restricted by magnetic force after the magnetic path takes out, along with at swash plate landing to the department of opening and shutting, pulls open and shut the door through the catching groove and both can take out the piece, uses the joint spring can drive the fixed door that opens and shuts of steel ball joint.
A machining method of a machining mechanism of an automobile engine cylinder cover comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: lowering the lower frame of the lifting unit, and then using a clamping power unit to work to drive a clamping and fixing unit to clamp and fix the side surface of the automobile engine cylinder cover;
step two: the reciprocating unit works to drive the reciprocating plate to move continuously in a reciprocating mode, and burrs at the bottom of the cylinder cover of the automobile engine can be polished by the aid of the friction block;
step three: the lifting unit is gradually lifted, so that the reciprocating unit is driven to be lifted, and the polishing degree of the bottom of the automobile engine cylinder cover can be provided;
step four: the buffer unit can provide the clamping effect, so that the clamping stability is improved, the contact plate with different shapes can be conveniently replaced by the replaceable contact unit, and different automobile engine cylinder covers can be targeted;
step five: the scrap collecting unit can collect the ground burr scraps, and scrap sputtering can be avoided through the magnetic blocks, so that surrounding sanitation is kept.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the machining mechanism and the machining method for the cylinder cover of the automobile engine have the following advantages:
1. the lifting unit can drive the reciprocating unit to lift, thereby the degree of polishing is adjusted, the activity that makes a round trip can be realized to the reciprocating unit, thereby it polishes to drive the reciprocal activity of friction unit to the bottom burr of automobile engine cylinder cap through the fixed unit of clutch blocks, can drive the fixed unit activity of centre gripping through centre gripping power pack, make two splint pass through slider one in last square frame along spout one activity in opposite directions, accomplish the centre gripping of automobile engine cylinder cap between to two splint fixed.
2. The installation rod can be pushed through the compression spring, so that the clamping block at the top of the installation rod is clamped into the side clamping groove of the fixing block, the contact plate can be replaced, and different contact plates can be replaced according to different shapes and sizes of the automobile engine cylinder cover.
3. The mode that can adopt the reciprocal activity of level to polish the bottom of automobile engine cylinder cap, the piece that polishes down is adsorbed by the magnetic path in falling into piece collecting element, avoids sputtering, and sanitary situation is good on every side to the piece that polishes down can directly fall, can not stay the department of polishing, avoids the flower grinding, can change different shape contact plates to different automobile engine cylinder caps, to the extensive applicability of machined part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3B;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a friction unit and a friction block fixing unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a rear side view of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of the reciprocating unit of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of a buffer unit and a replaceable contact unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8 at C according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a debris collection unit according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 bottom plate, 2 clamping and fixing units, 21 rear supporting rod, 22 upper square frame, 23 chute I, 24 clamping plates, 25 slider I, 3 clamping power units, 31L-shaped rod, 32 bidirectional screw rod, 33 connecting rod, 34 screw hole sleeve, 35 power motor, 36 bent rod, 37 sliding rod, 4 buffer unit, 41 vertical sliding rail, 42 vertical slider, 43 buffer movable plate, 44 buffer spring, 45 mounting column, 5 replaceable contact unit, 51 contact plate, 52 friction tooth, 53 fixed block, 54 connecting block I, 55 telescopic rod, 56 compression spring, 57 connecting block II, 58 movable shaft, 59 movable cylinder, 510 mounting rod, 511 clamping block, 6 lifting unit, 61 fixed seat, 62 lifting motor, 63 nut block, 64 screw rod, 65 sliding column, 66 sliding hole block, 67 limit ring, 68 lower square frame, 7 reciprocating unit, 71 transverse slide rail, 72 chute II, 73 reciprocating plate, 74 slider II, 75 connecting shaft, 72 connecting shaft, 73 connecting shaft, and 5 connecting rod, 76 connecting rods, 77 motor mounting plates, 78 reciprocating motors, 79 rotating rods, 710 bottom shafts, 8 friction units, 81 friction blocks, 82 chip grooves, 83 chip through holes, 9 friction block fixing units, 91 mounting groove plates, 92 wedge-shaped clamping plates, 93 fixing pins, 10 chip collecting units, 101 collecting boxes, 102 clamping springs, 103 steel balls, 104 clamping grooves, 105 opening and closing doors, 106 inclined plates, 107 magnetic blocks, 108 pull rings, 109 door shafts, 110 longitudinal slide rails and 111 handles.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the first embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: a machining mechanism of an automobile engine cylinder cover comprises a bottom plate 1, a clamping and fixing unit 2, a clamping power unit 3, a lifting unit 6, a reciprocating unit 7, a friction unit 8 and a friction block fixing unit 9;
the surface of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a reciprocating unit 7 through a lifting unit 6, the reciprocating unit 7 is provided with a friction unit 8 through a friction block fixing unit 9, the back side of the surface of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a clamping fixing unit 2, and the clamping fixing unit 2 is provided with a clamping power unit 3;
fixed unit 2 of centre gripping includes back bracing piece 21, top frame 22, spout 23, splint 24 and slider 25, the bottom mounting of back bracing piece 21 is in the surperficial middle part rear side of bottom plate 1, the top of back bracing piece 21 is bent forward and the front end is fixed with top frame 22, top frame 22 is located reciprocating unit 7 directly over, the rectangle slide opening has been seted up respectively at the both sides middle part of top frame 22, horizontal spout 23 has been seted up respectively to the side around the inboard of top frame 22, splint 24 is equipped with two and sets up at the inboard bilateral symmetry of last frame 22, and the front and back end of two splint 24 is fixed with slider 25 respectively, all through slider 25 and spout 23 sliding connection around two splint 24. The machining mechanism may be a grinding mechanism.
The lifting unit 6 can drive the reciprocating unit 7 to ascend and descend, thereby adjusting the grinding degree, the reciprocating unit 7 can realize the back and forth movement, thereby driving the friction unit 8 to perform the reciprocating movement through the friction block fixing unit 9 to grind the bottom burrs of the automobile engine cylinder cover, driving the clamping fixing unit 2 to move through the clamping power unit 3, enabling the two clamping plates 24 to move oppositely along the first sliding groove 23 in the upper frame 22 through the first sliding block 25, and finishing the clamping fixation of the automobile engine cylinder cover between the two clamping plates 24.
The clamping power unit 3 comprises an L-shaped rod 31, two-way lead screws 32, connecting rods 33, screw sleeves 34, a power motor 35, a bent rod 36 and a sliding rod 37, the two ends of the rear side of the upper frame 22 are respectively connected with the end parts of the horizontal parts of the L-shaped rods 31, the vertical end tops of the two L-shaped rods 31 are rotatably connected with the two ends of the two-way lead screws 32, one ends of the two-way lead screws 32 penetrate through the vertical end tops of the L-shaped rods 31 and are fixedly connected with the output ends of the power motor 35, the end parts of the power motor 35 are fixed on the side surfaces of the L-shaped rods 31, the directions of the threads at the two ends of the two-way lead screws 32 are opposite, the threads at the two ends of the two-way lead screws 32 in different directions are respectively matched and connected with the two screw sleeves 34, the front sides of the two screw sleeves 34 are respectively connected with the connecting rods 33, the side surfaces of one ends of the two connecting rods 33 far away from the screw sleeves 34 are respectively connected with one ends of the bent rod 36, the other ends of the two bent rods 36 extend to the middle parts of the two sides of the upper frame 22 and are respectively connected with one ends of the two transverse sliding rods 37, the two sliding rods 37 are respectively connected with the rectangular sliding holes in the middle of the two sides of the upper frame 22 in a sliding manner, and the end parts of the two sliding rods 37 extending into the inner side of the upper frame 22 are respectively connected with the middle of the side surface of the clamping plate 24.
The power motor 35 can drive the bidirectional screw rod 32 to rotate when working, and the screw hole sleeves 34 can be driven to move oppositely because the screw threads at the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 32 are opposite in direction, so that the connecting rod 33 and the bent rod 36 can drive the sliding rod 37 to move oppositely, and finally the two clamping plates 24 are driven to complete clamping and fixing operation, and the power motor 35 can drive the two clamping plates 24 to loosen when rotating reversely.
The lifting unit 6 comprises a fixed seat 61, a lifting motor 62, a nut block 63, a screw 64, a sliding column 65, a sliding hole block 66, a limiting ring 67 and a lower frame 68, wherein one corner of the surface of the bottom plate 1 is fixed with the lifting motor 62 through the fixed seat 61, an output shaft of the lifting motor 62 is connected with the vertical screw 64, the other three corners of the surface of the bottom plate 1 are respectively fixed with the vertical sliding column 65, the three sliding columns 65 and the screw 64 form a rectangular structure, one corner side of the lower frame 68 is fixed with the nut block 63, the other three corner sides of the lower frame 68 are respectively fixed with the sliding hole block 66, the three sliding hole blocks 66 are respectively connected with the three sliding columns 65 in an up-down sliding manner, the screw 64 is in threaded connection with the corresponding nut block 63, and the bottom side of the three sliding columns 65 is fixedly sleeved with the limiting ring 67.
The lifting motor 62 works to drive the screw 64 to rotate, the screw 64 and the nut block 63 can drive the slide hole blocks 66 at three corners of the lower frame 68 to move upwards along the slide column 65 under the action of threads, if the lifting motor 62 works in the reverse direction, the lower frame 68 can be driven to descend, and in order to avoid the situation that the lower frame 68 descends to too much and touches the lifting motor 62, the limiting ring 67 can be used for limiting the descending maximum limit of the lower frame 68.
The reciprocating unit 7 comprises a transverse slideway 71, a second sliding chute 72, a reciprocating plate 73, a second sliding block 74, a connecting shaft 75, a connecting rod 76, a motor mounting plate 77, a reciprocating motor 78, a rotary rod 79 and a bottom shaft 710, two transverse sliding ways 71 are arranged on the lower frame 68, two sliding grooves 72 are respectively formed in the two transverse sliding ways 71, two sliding blocks 74 vertically corresponding to the sliding grooves 72 are respectively arranged at the bottom of the reciprocating plate 73, the sliding blocks 74 are transversely and slidably connected with the corresponding sliding grooves 72, the bottom of the reciprocating plate 73 is movably connected with one end of a connecting rod 76 through a bottom shaft 710, a motor mounting plate 77 is fixed on the side face of one end of the lower frame 68, a reciprocating motor 78 is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting plate 77, an output shaft of the reciprocating motor 78 is connected with a fixed column, the top end of the fixed column is fixedly connected with one end of a rotating rod 79, and the other end of the rotating rod 79 is movably connected with the other end of the connecting rod 76 through a connecting shaft 75.
The rotating rod 79 and the connecting rod 76 form a crank-connecting rod structure, and the reciprocating motor 78 can drive the reciprocating plate 73 to reciprocate along the transverse sliding channel 71 through the second sliding block 74 and the second sliding slot 72.
The fixed unit 9 of clutch blocks includes installation frid 91, wedge cardboard 92 and fixed pin 93, the shallow slot has been seted up on the surface of reciprocal board 73, installation frid 91 is placed in the shallow slot, and the surface of installation frid 91 and the surperficial parallel and level of reciprocal board 73, pinhole one has been seted up to the side equidistance of reciprocal board 73, and the pinhole two that corresponds with pinhole one is seted up to the side of installation frid 91, and reciprocal board 73 is together fixed through the fixed pin 93 that runs through pinhole one and pinhole two with installation frid 91, the both sides of installation frid 91 are equipped with respectively and are no less than two wedge cardboard 92, wedge cardboard 92 fixed connection friction unit 8. Use wedge cardboard 92 can make things convenient for preliminary joint friction unit 8, use fixed pin 93 can accomplish complete fixed, and is fixed firm, the friction unit 8 of convenient change wearing and tearing.
Friction unit 8 includes clutch block 81, chip groove 82 and chip through-hole 83, clutch block 81 is placed on installation frid 91, the wedge draw-in groove that corresponds wedge cardboard 92 is seted up to clutch block 81's both sides, clutch block 81 is fixed on installation frid 91 through wedge draw-in groove and wedge cardboard 92's joint, chip groove 82 no less than two is seted up on clutch block 81's surface, chip groove 82's middle part horizontal position is less than front and back both ends, inclination in the chip groove 82 is between five degrees to ten degrees, chip through-hole 83 has been seted up at clutch block 81's side direction middle part, chip through-hole 83 communicates with chip groove 82's middle part minimum.
The scraps generated by the friction burrs of the friction block 81 can fall into the scrap groove 82, and the scraps can flow to the scrap through hole 83 and flow out due to the inclination angle, so that the situation that the scraps are always left at the friction part to cause scraping is avoided.
A machining method of a machining mechanism of an automobile engine cylinder cover comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: lowering the lower frame 68 of the lifting unit 6, and then using the clamping power unit 3 to work to drive the clamping and fixing unit 2 to clamp and fix the side surface of the automobile engine cylinder cover;
step two: the reciprocating unit 7 works to drive the reciprocating plate 73 to move continuously in a reciprocating mode, and burrs at the bottom of the cylinder cover of the automobile engine can be polished by the aid of the friction block 81;
step three: the lifting unit 6 is gradually lifted, so that the reciprocating unit 7 is driven to be lifted, and the polishing degree of the bottom of the automobile engine cylinder cover can be provided;
step four: the buffer unit 4 can provide the function during clamping, so that the clamping stability is improved, the contact plate 51 with different shapes can be conveniently replaced by the replaceable contact unit 5, and different automobile engine cylinder covers can be targeted;
step five: the debris collecting unit 10 can collect the burr debris which is ground down, and the magnetic block 107 can avoid the debris sputtering, thereby keeping the surrounding sanitation.
In the second embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a machining mechanism of automobile engine cylinder cap, this embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment structure, the difference lies in, still include buffer unit 4, buffer unit 4 includes perpendicular slide rail 41, erect slider 42, buffering fly leaf 43, buffer spring 44 and erection column 45, square groove has been seted up to splint 24's medial surface, square groove both sides are equipped with perpendicular slide rail 41 respectively, buffering fly leaf 43 is located square inslot, and the both sides of buffering fly leaf 43 are equipped with respectively and erect slide rail 41 sliding connection's perpendicular slider 42, the top of connecting buffer spring 44 through erection column one in the bottom circular slot of buffering fly leaf 43, the circular slot fixed connection of erection column 45 and square groove bottom surface is passed through to buffer spring 44's bottom.
The buffer movable plate 43 can have a space for vertical movement along the vertical slide rail 41 through the vertical slide block 42, and can perform a buffer function through the buffer spring 44.
In the third embodiment, referring to fig. 8-9, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: a machining mechanism of an automobile engine cylinder cover is disclosed, the structure of the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment, and the machining mechanism further comprises a replaceable contact unit 5, the replaceable contact unit 5 comprises a contact plate 51, friction teeth 52, a fixed block 53, a first connecting block 54, a telescopic rod 55, a compression spring 56, a second connecting block 57, a movable shaft 58, a movable cylinder 59, a mounting rod 510 and a fixture block 511, the friction teeth 52 are arranged on the surface array of the contact plate 51, the fixed block 53 is arranged at the bottom of the contact plate 51, the movable cylinder 59 is movably connected to the surface of a buffering movable plate 43 at the two sides of the fixed block 53 through the movable shaft 58 respectively, the mounting rod 510 is fixed at the top of the movable cylinder 59, the fixture block 511 is arranged at the top end of the mounting rod 510, a clamping groove matched with the fixture block 511 is arranged at the side of the fixed block 53, one side of the mounting rod 510 far away from the fixed block 53 is movably connected with the top end of the telescopic rod 55 through the first connecting block 54, the telescopic rod 55 is obliquely arranged, the bottom end of the telescopic rod 55 is movably connected with the surface of the buffer movable plate 43 through the second connecting block 57, and the side surface of the telescopic rod 55 is sleeved with the compression spring 56.
The mounting rod 510 can be pushed by the compression spring 56, so that the clamping block 511 at the top of the mounting rod 510 is clamped into the side clamping groove of the fixing block 53, the contact plate 51 can be replaced, different contact plates 51 can be replaced according to different shapes and sizes of automobile engine cylinder covers, and the application range is wide.
In a fourth embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 10, the present embodiment provides a technical solution: the machining mechanism of the automobile engine cylinder cover is substantially the same as the structure of the above embodiments, and is characterized by further comprising a debris collecting unit 10, wherein the debris collecting unit 10 comprises a collecting box 101, a clamping spring 102, a steel ball 103, a catching groove 104, an opening and closing door 105, an inclined plate 106, a magnetic block 107, a pull ring 108, a door spindle 109, longitudinal slide rails 110 and a handle 111, two longitudinal slide rails 110 are arranged on the surface of a base plate 1, the bottom of the collecting box 101 is slidably connected with the longitudinal slide rails 110, the handle 111 is arranged on the front side of the collecting box 101, the inclined plate 106 with an inclined surface is arranged on the bottom of the inner side of the collecting box 101, the magnetic block 107 is arranged in a side through groove of the inclined plate 106, the pull ring 108 is arranged on the side of the magnetic block 107, the bottom of an opening on one side of the bottom of the collecting box 101 is movably connected with the opening and closing door 105 through the door spindle 109, the catching groove 104 is arranged on the outer side of the opening top of the collecting box 101, the steel ball 103 is connected through the clamping spring 102, the steel ball 103 is matched and clamped with an arc-shaped clamping groove at the top of the opening and closing door 105.
For example, when automobile engine cylinder head was made for cast iron, the piece that drops falls to collecting box 101 in, because magnetic path 107 effect can be with piece absorption on swash plate 106, avoid the piece to sputter, use pull ring 108 conveniently to take out magnetic path 107, the magnetic path is taken out the back piece and owing to not being restricted by magnetic force, along with at swash plate 106 landing to the door 105 department that opens and shuts, pull open and shut door 105 through catching groove 104 and both can take out the piece, use joint spring 102 can drive the fixed door 105 that opens and shuts of steel ball 103 joint.
It should be noted that the input ends of the power motor 35, the lifting motor 62, and the reciprocating motor 78 disclosed in the above embodiments are electrically connected to the output end of an external PLC controller, the power motor 35 and the lifting motor 62 both adopt servo motors, the reciprocating motor 78 can adopt a three-phase asynchronous motor, the specific powers of the power motor 35, the lifting motor 62, and the reciprocating motor 78 can be selected according to actual conditions, and the external PLC controller controls the power motor 35, the lifting motor 62, and the reciprocating motor 78 to work by a method commonly used in the prior art.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a machining mechanism of automobile engine cylinder lid which characterized in that: comprises a bottom plate (1), a lifting unit (6) and a friction block fixing unit (9);
the surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a reciprocating unit (7) through a lifting unit (6), the reciprocating unit (7) is provided with a friction unit (8) through a friction block fixing unit (9), the rear side of the surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a clamping fixing unit (2), and the clamping fixing unit (2) is provided with a clamping power unit (3);
the fixed unit of centre gripping (2) includes back bracing piece (21) and splint (24), the bottom mounting of back bracing piece (21) is in the surface middle part rear side of bottom plate (1), the top of back bracing piece (21) is bent forward and the front end is fixed with last square frame (22), top frame (22) are located reciprocating unit (7) directly over, rectangle slide opening has been seted up respectively in the both sides middle part of going up square frame (22), horizontal spout one (23) have been seted up respectively to the inboard front and back side of going up square frame (22), splint (24) are equipped with two and set up in the inboard bilateral symmetry of last square frame (22), and the front and back end of two splint (24) is fixed with slider one (25) respectively, the front and back side of two splint (24) all through slider one (25) and spout one (23) sliding connection;
the clamping power unit (3) comprises L-shaped rods (31), two-way lead screws (32), screw hole sleeves (34), a power motor (35) and a bent rod (36), the horizontal part end parts of the L-shaped rods (31) are respectively connected with the two ends of the rear side of an upper square frame (22), the vertical end tops of the two L-shaped rods (31) are rotatably connected with the two ends of the two-way lead screws (32), one ends of the two-way lead screws (32) penetrate through the vertical end tops of the L-shaped rods (31) and are fixedly connected with the output ends of the power motor (35), the end parts of the power motor (35) are fixed on the side surfaces of the L-shaped rods (31), the directions of threads at the two ends of the two-way lead screws (32) are opposite, the threads at the two ends of the two-way lead screws (32) in different directions are respectively matched and connected with the two screw hole sleeves (34), the front sides of the two screw hole sleeves (34) are respectively connected with connecting rods (33), one end side surfaces, far away from the screw hole sleeves (34), of the two connecting rods (33), are respectively connected with one end parts of the bent rod (36), the other ends of the two bent rods (36) extend to the middle parts of two sides of the upper square frame (22) and are respectively connected with one ends of two transverse sliding rods (37), the two sliding rods (37) are respectively in sliding connection with rectangular sliding holes in the middle parts of two sides of the upper square frame (22), and the end parts of the two sliding rods (37) extending into the inner side of the upper square frame (22) are respectively connected with the middle parts of the side surfaces of the clamping plates (24);
lifting unit (6) include fixing base (61) and lower square frame (68), a surperficial angle of bottom plate (1) is fixed with elevator motor (62) through fixing base (61), the output shaft of elevator motor (62) is connected with vertical screw rod (64), the other three angles in surface of bottom plate (1) are fixed with vertical traveller (65) respectively, three traveller (65) constitute a rectangle structure with a screw rod (64), an angle side of lower square frame (68) is fixed with nut piece (63), and other three angle sides of lower square frame (68) are fixed with spout piece (66) respectively, three spout piece (66) are sliding connection from top to bottom with three traveller (65) respectively, screw rod (64) and its nut piece (63) threaded connection that corresponds, the bottom side of three traveller (65) is fixed to be cup jointed spacing ring (67), reciprocal unit (7) include toward double plate (73), The device comprises a connecting shaft (75), a connecting rod (76), a rotary rod (79) and a bottom shaft (710), wherein two transverse slideways (71) are arranged on a lower square frame (68), two sliding chutes (72) are respectively formed in the two transverse slideways (71), two sliding blocks (74) which vertically correspond to the sliding chutes (72) are respectively arranged at the bottom of a reciprocating plate (73), the sliding blocks (74) are transversely and slidably connected with the corresponding sliding chutes (72), the bottom of the reciprocating plate (73) is movably connected with one end of the connecting rod (76) through the bottom shaft (710), a motor mounting plate (77) is fixed on one end side face of the lower square frame (68), a reciprocating motor (78) is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting plate (77), an output shaft of the reciprocating motor (78) is connected with a fixed column, the top end of the fixed column is fixedly connected with one end of the rotary rod (79), the other end of the rotary rod (79) is movably connected with the other end of the connecting rod (76) through the connecting shaft (75), the friction block fixing unit (9) comprises an installation groove plate (91) and a fixing pin (93), the surface of a reciprocating plate (73) is provided with a shallow groove, the installation groove plate (91) is placed in the shallow groove, the surface of the installation groove plate (91) is flush with the surface of the reciprocating plate (73), the side surface of the reciprocating plate (73) is provided with a first pin hole at equal intervals, the side surface of the installation groove plate (91) is provided with a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole, the reciprocating plate (73) and the installation groove plate (91) are fixed together through the fixing pin (93) penetrating through the first pin hole and the second pin hole, two sides of the installation groove plate (91) are respectively provided with at least two wedge-shaped clamping plates (92), the wedge-shaped clamping plates (92) are fixedly connected with the friction unit (8), the friction unit (8) comprises a friction block (81), the friction block (81) is placed on the installation groove plate (91), two sides of the friction block (81) are provided with wedge-shaped clamping grooves corresponding to the wedge-shaped clamping plates (92), the friction block (81) is fixed on the mounting groove plate (91) through the clamping connection of the wedge-shaped clamping groove and the wedge-shaped clamping plate (92), the surface of the friction block (81) is provided with at least two chip grooves (82), the horizontal position of the middle part of each chip groove (82) is lower than the front end and the rear end, the inclination angle in each chip groove (82) is five degrees to ten degrees, the lateral middle part of each friction block (81) is provided with a chip through hole (83), each chip through hole (83) is communicated with the lowest point of the middle part of each chip groove (82), the machining mechanism of the automobile engine cylinder cover further comprises a buffer unit (4), each buffer unit (4) comprises a buffer movable plate (43), a buffer spring (44) and a mounting column (45), the inner side surface of the clamping plate (24) is provided with a square groove, the two sides of the square groove are respectively provided with vertical sliding rails (41), each buffer movable plate (43) is positioned in the square groove, and the two sides of each buffer movable plate (43) are respectively provided with vertical sliding blocks (42) connected with the vertical sliding rails (41), the bottom circular groove of the buffer movable plate (43) is internally connected with the top end of a buffer spring (44) through a mounting column (45), the bottom end of the buffer spring (44) is fixedly connected with the circular groove of the bottom surface of the square groove through the mounting column (45), the machining mechanism of the automobile engine cylinder cover further comprises a replaceable contact unit (5), the replaceable contact unit (5) comprises a contact plate (51), a first connecting block (54), an expansion rod (55), a second connecting block (57) and a movable shaft (58), friction teeth (52) are arranged on the surface of the contact plate (51), a fixed block (53) is arranged at the bottom of the contact plate (51), the surfaces of the buffer movable plate (43) are located on the two sides of the fixed block (53) and are respectively and movably connected with a movable cylinder (59) through the movable shaft (58), a mounting rod (510) is fixed at the top of the movable cylinder (59), and a clamping block (511) is arranged at the top end of the mounting rod (510), the side of the fixed block (53) is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block (511), one side of the installation rod (510), which is far away from the fixed block (53), is movably connected with the top end of the telescopic rod (55) through a first connecting block (54), the telescopic rod (55) is obliquely arranged, the bottom end of the telescopic rod is movably connected with the surface of the buffer movable plate (43) through a second connecting block (57), the side of the telescopic rod (55) is sleeved with a compression spring (56), the machining mechanism of the automobile engine cylinder cover further comprises a debris collecting unit (10), the debris collecting unit (10) comprises a collecting box (101), a clamping spring (102), a steel ball (103), an opening and closing door (105) and a door shaft (109), the surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with two longitudinal sliding rails (110), the bottom of the collecting box (101) is slidably connected with the longitudinal sliding rails (110), the front side of the collecting box (101) is provided with a handle (111), the inner side bottom of the collecting box (101) is provided with an inclined plate (106), a magnetic block (107) is arranged in a through groove in the side face of the inclined plate (106), a pull ring (108) is arranged on the side face of the magnetic block (107), the bottom of an opening in one side, located at the bottom of the inclined plate (106), of the collection box (101) is movably connected with an opening and closing door (105) through a door shaft (109), a buckle groove (104) is arranged on the outer side of the opening and closing door (105), a steel ball (103) is connected in a deep groove in the top of the opening of the collection box (101) through a clamping spring (102), and the steel ball (103) is clamped with an arc-shaped clamping groove in the top of the opening and closing door (105) in a matched mode;
in the piece whereabouts that drops to collecting the box, because the magnetic path effect can adsorb the piece on the swash plate, avoid the piece to sputter, use the pull ring conveniently to take out the magnetic path, the piece is owing not restricted by magnetic force after the magnetic path takes out, along with at swash plate landing to the department of opening and shutting, can take out the piece through catching groove pull-open door of opening and shutting, uses the joint spring can drive the fixed door that opens and shuts of steel ball joint.
CN202011507832.4A 2020-12-18 2020-12-18 Machining mechanism and machining method for automobile engine cylinder cover Active CN112720138B (en)

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