CN112718028B - Light-operated liquid drop motion material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Light-operated liquid drop motion material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112718028B
CN112718028B CN202011553893.4A CN202011553893A CN112718028B CN 112718028 B CN112718028 B CN 112718028B CN 202011553893 A CN202011553893 A CN 202011553893A CN 112718028 B CN112718028 B CN 112718028B
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ferroelectric
light
droplet
droplet motion
based composite
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CN112718028A (en
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杜学敏
刘美金
王芳
刘聪
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/50273—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/127—Sunlight; Visible light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/128—Infra-red light
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502707—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the manufacture of the container or its components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
    • B01L3/502769—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements
    • B01L3/502784—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements specially adapted for droplet or plug flow, e.g. digital microfluidics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/12—Specific details about materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-operated liquid drop motion material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the light-operated liquid drop motion material comprises a base layer made of ferroelectric material or ferroelectric matrix composite material, and the base layer is subjected to polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment in sequence; the ferroelectric matrix composite material is a composite material comprising the ferroelectric material as a matrix. Use of the light-manipulated droplet movement material in light-manipulated droplet movement. The invention utilizes the polarized dipoles of the lyophobic ferroelectric material to be orderly arranged, and the lyophobic ferroelectric material generates transient charge under illumination, thereby forming charge gradient on the surface of the material to drive liquid drops to move. The light-operated liquid drop movement material has the advantages of long-distance high-speed controllable liquid drop operation, portable laser pen liquid drop operation and the like.

Description

Light-operated liquid drop motion material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of droplet control materials, and particularly relates to a light-operated droplet motion material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The droplet control has important research and application significance in the fields of microfluidics, biological detection, micro-engineering and the like. Inspired by natural life, numerous materials with special wettability have been studied and developed for droplet manipulation. General methods of droplet manipulation mainly include driving droplet motion by electric fields, magnetic fields, and heat and light, where photo-manipulation of droplets has been widely studied due to its advantages of non-contact, simple manipulation means, and excellent spatial and temporal resolution. The light manipulation of the liquid drops is generally realized by introducing a light response substance and a light absorption material into the material under the driving of gradient light intensity or the driving of reflux effect in Ma Lage generated by photo-heat. However, since the viscous resistance between the droplet and the substrate is large, the driving force generated by the wettability gradient is generally small, so that the droplet moving speed achieved by optically controlling the droplet is low, the moving distance is short, and it is difficult to simultaneously control a plurality of droplets by light and optically control the droplet to achieve different droplet moving modes. In addition, the conventional device for manipulating the liquid drops by light is complex, requires high-energy and high-light-intensity light, and is difficult to implement portable liquid drop manipulation. Therefore, the demand of developing new optical control liquid drop motion materials for long-distance high-speed controllable liquid drop control and liquid drop control of portable laser pens is particularly urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the present invention provides a light-operated droplet moving material, a method for preparing the same, and applications of the same. The invention utilizes the lyophobic ferroelectric material to generate transient charge under illumination, thereby forming charge gradient on the surface of the material to drive liquid drops to move.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: in one aspect, the invention provides a photo-controlled droplet motion material, which comprises a base layer made of a ferroelectric material or a ferroelectric-based composite material, wherein the base layer is subjected to polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment in sequence;
the ferroelectric matrix composite material is a composite material comprising the ferroelectric material as a matrix.
Further, the ferroelectric material comprises at least one of ferroelectric polymer and inorganic ferroelectric material.
Further, the ferroelectric polymer comprises at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride and copolymers thereof, nylon with odd number of carbon atoms, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinylidene cyanide, polyurea, polyphenyl cyano ether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and ferroelectric liquid crystal; preferably, the polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer includes polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer.
Further, the inorganic ferroelectric material includes at least one of lead titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, bismuth layer-structured perovskite ferroelectrics, tungsten bronze type ferroelectrics, bismuth ferrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium triglycolate sulfate, rosette, perovskite type organic metal halide ferroelectrics, and the above-mentioned doped compounds.
Further, the ferroelectric-based composite material further includes a non-ferroelectric material including a photo-thermal material.
Further, the photo-thermal material comprises at least one of gold nanorods, gold nanoshells, gold nanocages, hollow gold nanospheres, palladium nanosheets, palladium @ silver, palladium @ silicon dioxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, carbon black, black phosphorus, copper sulfide, indocyanine green, polyaniline, strontium ruthenate and products of the above substances after various chemical modifications.
Further, the mass ratio of the ferroelectric material to the non-ferroelectric material is 100:0-70:30 (excluding 100.
Further, the polarization treatment is a treatment for aligning dipoles of the ferroelectric material.
Further, the polarization treatment mode comprises a treatment mode of enabling the dipoles of the ferroelectric material to be orderly arranged under the action of external fields of force, electricity, magnetism and irradiation.
Further, the piezoelectric coefficient of the base layer subjected to the polarization treatment is not lower than 80% of that of the base layer which is not subjected to the polarization treatment under the same condition.
Further, the piezoelectric coefficient d of the base layer subjected to polarization treatment33It is not less than 10pC/N, preferably not less than 15pC/N, and more preferably not less than 20pC/N.
Further, the lyophobic treated base layer has a static contact angle of 70-170 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 0-10 degrees to water.
Further, the lyophobic treatment mode comprises at least one of surface micro-nano structure construction, surface low surface energy molecule modification and liquid perfusion.
Further, the micro-nano structure construction comprises template covering and 3D printing;
preferably, the micro-nano structure comprises at least one of a pyramid structure, a micro-column structure with a circular, square and polygonal cross section and a microporous structure;
preferably, the height of the micro-column structure is 1nm-100 μm, the side length/diameter is 1nm-100 μm, and the distance is 1nm-100 μm;
preferably, the height of the pyramid structure is 1nm-50 μm, the side length is 1nm-100 μm, and the distance is 1nm-100 μm;
preferably, the depth of the microporous structure is 1nm-100 μm, the diameter is 1nm-100 μm, and the distance is 1nm-100 μm.
Further, the low surface energy molecule comprises a perfluoro molecule and a perfluoro molecule modified nano particle.
Further, the perfluoro molecule comprises trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorooctyl-trichlorosilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane;
further, the nanoparticles comprise polystyrene nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles;
further, the mass ratio of the perfluorinated molecules to the nanoparticles is 1: 10-1: 100.
further, the liquid infusion comprises soaking by at least one of perfluoronated oil, vegetable seed oil, n-decanol, ethylene glycol, motor oil, kerosene, mineral oil, oleic acid, methyl oleate, ethyl oleate, ferrofluid, paraffin, thermotropic liquid crystal, ionic liquid, silicone oil.
Further, the thickness of the base layer of the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric matrix composite material is 100nm-1mm, preferably 100nm-100 μm.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned optically controlled droplet moving material, when the optically controlled droplet moving material contains a ferroelectric polymer, comprising the steps of:
dispersing and/or dissolving a ferroelectric material or a ferroelectric-based composite material in a first solvent, coating the first solvent on a substrate, drying to obtain a ferroelectric material or a ferroelectric-based composite material layer, and sequentially carrying out polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment on the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material layer to obtain a base layer of the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material;
when the photo-manipulated droplet motion material contains at least one of an inorganic ferroelectric material or a non-ferroelectric material, the steps of:
adding a second solvent into the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material for wet grinding, then carrying out hot pressing treatment, finally annealing to obtain the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material layer, and carrying out polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment on the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material layer in sequence to obtain the base layer of the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material.
Further, the first solvent is an organic solvent;
preferably, the organic solvent comprises at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide acetone, trimethyl phosphate, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, propylene glycol, N-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphoric acid amide, hexafluoroisopropanol.
Further, the mass ratio of the ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material to the first solvent is 1:99-30:70.
further, the drying temperature is 60-90 ℃, and the drying time is 4-12h.
Further, the second solvent comprises at least one of water, ethanol, acetone, ammonia water and acetic acid.
Further, the mass ratio of the ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material to the second solvent is 80:20-99:1.
further, the grinding time is 1-30min.
Further, the hot pressing temperature is 150-500 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 100-1000MPa, and the hot pressing time is 0.5-5h; preferably, the hot pressing temperature is 230 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 500MPa, and the hot pressing time is 3h;
further, the annealing temperature is 500-900 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-12h; more preferably, the temperature of the annealing is 700 ℃ and the time of the annealing is 3h.
In another aspect, the invention provides a device having a surface made of any of the above described optically manipulated droplet motion materials.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides the use of any one of the above optically controlled droplet motion materials in the preparation of self-cleaning surfaces, microfluidic devices, microchemical reaction devices, biological detection devices and droplet manipulation devices.
In a further aspect, the present invention provides a use of any one of the above-described optically controlled droplet motion materials in optically controlling droplet motion.
Further, the number of the control liquid drops is 1-100, the size of the control liquid drops is 1nL-1mL, the movement speed of the control liquid drops is 1 mu m/s-10m/s, and the movement distance is 1mm-10m.
Further, the method for controlling the movement of the liquid drop by using the light-operated liquid drop movement material comprises the following steps: and placing the liquid drop on the surface of the light-operated liquid drop moving material, and irradiating the liquid drop with light.
Further, the light-operated liquid drop motion material has an open-circuit voltage of 1mV-500V and a short-circuit current of 1nA-100mA/cm under the irradiation of light2。
Further, the surface Zhang Liwei of the light-operated droplet moving material-operated droplet is 5363 mN · m-1-100mN·m-1；
Preferably, the liquid drops comprise water drops, inorganic matter solution drops, organic solvent drops, micro-nano particle suspension drops and biological tissue fluid;
preferably, the solute in the inorganic solution droplets comprises sodium chloride, calcium chloride, copper sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide;
preferably, the organic solvent droplets comprise ethanol, acetone, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, n-hexane, silicone oil, fluoro oil, sunflower seed oil, olive oil, n-hexadecane, heptane, octane, acetic acid, toluene, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycerol;
preferably, the solute in the micro-nano particle suspension liquid drop comprises polystyrene spheres, silica spheres and gold particles.
Preferably, the biological tissue fluid comprises blood, serum, tissue fluid containing cells and culture fluid containing cells.
Further, the wavelength of the light is 200nm-2500nm, and the illumination intensity is 1mW-20000mW, preferably 200-3000mW/cm2；
Preferably, the light is generated by a portable laser pen, a laser.
Further, the mode of controlling the droplet movement by the light-operated droplet movement material comprises pushing, pulling, rotating, vibrating, segmenting, fusing and climbing a slope with an inclination angle of 0-90 degrees.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The invention provides a material capable of realizing the control of liquid drops by light, which overcomes the problems that the movement speed of liquid is low, the distance is short and the simultaneous control of a plurality of liquids cannot be realized in the prior art, successfully reduces the problems of larger viscous resistance of the liquid drops, low movement speed and short movement distance through the micro-nano structure design and the surface lyophobic design of the surface of a substrate, and can control the liquid drops to move in various modes such as pushing, pulling, rotating, vibrating and the like. The light-operated liquid drop moving material can control the push, pull, rotation, oscillation and the like of 1-100 liquid drops with the size of 1nL-1mL, the moving speed of the liquid drops can reach 1 mu m/s-10m/s, and the moving distance can reach more than 1 m.
2) The preparation process and the material of the material provided by the invention are simple, and in addition, due to the excellent performance of the material, the simplification of controlling a liquid drop light source is brought. While the prior art generally requires high-energy and high-intensity light, it is difficult to achieve portable droplet manipulation, the material of the present invention requires only a very low-energy light source, such as a portable laser pen, to achieve the light-manipulated liquid movement. This greatly simplifies the complexity of the light operated droplet setup.
3) The material of the invention can be prepared into thin films and can be applied to the surfaces of a plurality of devices or materials. And the liquid drop control device can be applied to a plane, and also can be applied to the surface of a curved surface or a flexible part, thereby widening the application range of the liquid drop operated by light.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Dissolving 10% of polyvinylidene fluoride in dimethyl sulfoxide by mass percent, taking 5mL of polyvinylidene fluoride solution to be cast on a clean 2-inch silicon template with a cylindrical structure with the height of 10 mu m, the diameter of 5 mu m and the space of 20 mu m, drying for 12h at 80 ℃, and then taking down the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane from the silicon template. Placing on a metal base plate, adopting 26kV high-voltage corona polarization, polarizing the polyvinylidene fluoride film, and obtaining the polyvinylidene fluoride film with the piezoelectric coefficient d3325pC/N and a surface potential of 60V. And spraying silicon dioxide nanoparticles modified by heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane on the surface of the polarized polyvinylidene fluoride ferroelectric film for lyophobic treatment, wherein the static contact angle of the polyvinylidene fluoride ferroelectric film subjected to lyophobic treatment to water is 160 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 1 degree.
Tests prove that the power of the obtained polyvinylidene fluoride ferroelectric material generated by a portable laser pen is 500mW/cm2Under the near-infrared illumination with wavelength of 808nm, the output voltage is 50V, the output current is 110nA, and further, a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L of polystyrene globule emulsion can be pushed to move forwards for 1m at the moving speed of 80mm/s, 1 water drop of 100 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 8 water drops of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1000 mu L can be pulled to move forwards for 1m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L can be driven to move in an oscillating manner at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 20 mu L can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the moving speed of 10mm/s, and 1 water drop of 100nL can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the moving speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 2
Dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer with the mass percent of 10% in N, N-dimethylformamide, taking 5ml of PVDF-TrFE solution to curtain coat on a clean 2-inch silicon template with a pyramid structure, the height of 10 mu m, the side length of 5 mu m and the space of 20 mu m, drying for 12h at the temperature of 80 ℃, and then drying from the silicon templateThe PVDF-TrFE membrane was removed from the plate. Placing on a metal base plate, adopting 26kV high-voltage corona polarization, and polarizing the PVDF-TrFE film to obtain a piezoelectric coefficient d33Is 30pC/N. And spraying perfluorooctyl-trichlorosilane modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the surface of the polarized PVDF-TrFE membrane for lyophobic treatment, wherein the static contact angle of the PVDF-TrFE membrane after the lyophobic treatment to water is 160 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 1 degree.
Through tests, the power generated by the obtained PVDF-TrFE membrane-formed light-operated droplet moving material in a portable laser pen is 500mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the near infrared illumination with the wavelength of 808nm is 40V, the output current is 120nA, and then a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 110 mu L of water drops can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 mu L of polystyrene bead emulsion liquid drops can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 80mm/s for 1m, 1 100 mu L of water drops can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 1nL of sodium chloride solution liquid drops can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 8 10 mu L of water drops can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 150 mu L of glycerol liquid drops can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 1000 mu L of water drops can be pulled to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 1m, 1 mu L of water drops can be driven to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s in an oscillating way, 1 mu L of 20 mu L of water drops can move at the movement speed of 10mm/s, and 1nL of water drops can be driven to rotate at the movement speed of 10mm/s for rotating for 10 nL.
Example 3
Taking 2g of barium titanate powder, putting the barium titanate powder into a clean mortar, dripping 0.4g of deionized water, grinding for 1-2min, putting the ground powder into a die, sleeving a heating sleeve, fixing on a tablet press, applying 500MPa of pressure by a piezoelectric machine, heating the heating sleeve to 230 ℃, and keeping for 3h. Stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, taking out the barium titanate ferroelectric ceramic plate, and annealing at 700 ℃ for 3h to obtain the compact barium titanate ferroelectric ceramic plate. Arranged on a metal base plate, is polarized by 20kV high-voltage corona, and the piezoelectric coefficient d of the polarized barium titanate ferroelectric ceramic plate33Is 50pC/N. Spraying silicon dioxide nanoparticles modified by heptadecafluorodecyl trimethoxy silane on the surface of the polarized barium titanate ferroelectric ceramic chip to carry out lyophobic treatmentAnd the barium titanate ferroelectric ceramic sheet after the lyophobic treatment has a static contact angle of 160 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 1 degree to water.
Tests prove that the power of the light-operated liquid drop motion material formed by the obtained barium titanate ferroelectric ceramic plate in a portable laser pen is 500mW/cm2Under the illumination of near infrared light with a wavelength of 808nm, the output voltage is 30V, the output current is 50mA, a charge gradient is further formed on the surface of the material, 110 mu L of water drops can be pushed to move forwards at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 mu L of polystyrene bead emulsion droplets can be pushed to move forwards at a movement speed of 80mm/s for 1m, 1 100 mu L of water drops can be pushed to move forwards at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 1nL of sodium chloride solution droplets can be pushed to move forwards at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 8 10 mu L of water drops can be pushed to move forwards at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 150 mu L of glycerol droplets can be pushed to move forwards at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 1000 mu L of water drops can be pulled to move forwards at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 1m, 1 mu L of water drops can be driven to move in an oscillating manner at a movement speed of 10mm/s, and 1 mu L of water drops can be driven to rotate at a movement speed of 10mm/s for 100 nS.
Example 4
Ultrasonically dispersing 100nm barium titanate particles with the mass percent of 1% in dimethyl sulfoxide, dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer with the mass percent of 10% in the dispersion liquid, taking 5mL of mixed liquid to cast on a clean 2-inch silicon wafer with a cylindrical structure, the height of which is 10 micrometers, the diameter of which is 5 micrometers and the distance of which is 20 micrometers, drying for 12h at 80 ℃, and then taking down the PVDF-TrFE composite film from the silicon wafer. Placing on a metal base plate, adopting 26kV high-voltage corona polarization, and polarizing the PVDF-TrFE composite film to obtain a piezoelectric coefficient d33Is 24pC/N. And then soaking the polarized PVDF-TrFE composite membrane by silicone oil to carry out lyophobic treatment, wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride ferroelectric membrane after the lyophobic treatment has a static contact angle of 79 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 4.1 degrees to water.
Through tests, the power of the obtained light-operated drop motion material formed by the PVDF-TrFE composite film in a laser is 500mW/cm2Can be generated under the illumination of the sunThe output voltage is 30V, the output current is 130nA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 polystyrene bead emulsion liquid drop of 1 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1m at the movement speed of 80mm/s, 1 water drop of 100 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 8 water drops of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1000 mu L can be pulled to move forwards for 1m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L can be driven to move in an oscillating manner at the movement speed of 10mm/s, and 1 water drop of 20 mu L can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the movement speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 5
Taking 1.9g of barium titanate and 0.1g of graphene powder, putting the barium titanate and the graphene powder into a clean mortar, dripping 0.4g of deionized water, grinding for 1-2min, then putting the ground powder into a die, sleeving a heating sleeve on the die, fixing the die on a tablet press, applying 500MPa pressure to a piezoelectric machine, heating the heating sleeve to 230 ℃, and keeping for 3h. And stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, taking out the barium titanate graphene composite ceramic wafer, and annealing at 700 ℃ for 3h to obtain the compact barium titanate graphene ceramic wafer. Placing on a metal base plate, adopting 20kV high-voltage corona polarization, and polarizing the barium titanate graphene ceramic plate to obtain a piezoelectric coefficient d33Is 40pC/N. And spraying perfluorooctyl-trichlorosilane modified silicon dioxide nanoparticles on the surface of the polarized barium titanate graphene ceramic sheet for lyophobic treatment, wherein the static contact angle of the barium titanate graphene ceramic sheet subjected to lyophobic treatment to water is 159 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 2 degrees.
Tests prove that the power of the light-operated droplet moving material formed by the obtained barium titanate graphene ceramic sheet in a laser is 500mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the sunlight is 30V, the output current is 110mA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop with the volume of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, and 1 polystyrene bead emulsion liquid drop with the volume of 1 mu L can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 80mm/sThe speed is 1m forward, 1 100 microliter water drop is pushed forward to move forward at the moving speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 1nL sodium chloride solution drop is pushed forward at the moving speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 8 10 microliter water drops are pushed forward at the moving speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 150 microliter glycerol drop is pushed forward at the moving speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 1000 microliter water drop is pulled forward at the moving speed of 10mm/s for 1m, 1 microliter water drop is driven to oscillate at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 120 microliter water drop is driven to rotate at the moving speed of 10mm/s, and 1 100nL water drop is driven to rotate at the moving speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 6
Ultrasonically dispersing 100nm barium titanate particles with the mass percent of 1% in dimethyl sulfoxide, dissolving polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer with the mass percent of 10% in the dispersion liquid, taking 5mL of mixed liquid to cast on a clean 2-inch cylindrical structure silicon wafer with the height of 10 micrometers, the diameter of 5 micrometers and the interval of 20 micrometers, drying for 12h at 80 ℃, and then taking down the PVDF-TrFE composite film from the silicon wafer. Tensile force stretching by 100kPa to obtain the piezoelectric coefficient d of the PVDF-TrFE composite membrane33Is 24pC/N. And soaking the polarized PVDF-TrFE composite membrane in silicone oil to carry out lyophobic treatment, wherein the PVDF-TrFE composite membrane after the lyophobic treatment has a static contact angle of 70 degrees to water and a dynamic contact angle of 5 degrees to water.
Through tests, the power of the obtained light-operated drop motion material formed by the PVDF-TrFE composite film in a laser is 500mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the sunlight is 30V, the output current is 110nA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 polystyrene bead emulsion liquid drop of 1 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1m at the movement speed of 80mm/s, 1 water drop of 100 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 8 water drops of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1000 mu L can be pulled to move forwards for 1m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, and the charge gradient can be driven1 water drop of 1. Mu.L is oscillated at a movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 20. Mu.L is driven to rotate at a movement speed of 10mm/s, and 1 water drop of 100nL is driven to rotate at a movement speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 7
The preparation method comprises the following steps of ultrasonically dispersing 1% by mass of 100nm barium titanate particles in dimethyl sulfoxide, dissolving 10% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer in the dispersion liquid, casting 5mL of mixed liquid on a clean 2-inch cylindrical structure silicon wafer with the height of 10 micrometers, the diameter of 5 micrometers and the distance of 20 micrometers, drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours, and then taking down the PVDF-TrFE composite film from the silicon wafer. Placing on a metal base plate, adopting 26kV high-voltage corona polarization, and polarizing the PVDF-TrFE composite film to obtain a piezoelectric coefficient d33Is 24pC/N. And spraying silicon dioxide nanoparticles modified by heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane on the surface of the polarized PVDF-TrFE composite membrane for lyophobic treatment, wherein the static contact angle of the PVDF-TrFE composite membrane after lyophobic treatment to water is 158 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 1.5 degrees.
Tests prove that the power of the obtained light-operated drop motion material formed by the PVDF-TrFE composite film in a laser is 1500mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the near infrared illumination with the wavelength of 808nm is 60V, the output current is 120nA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L of polystyrene globule emulsion can be pushed to move forwards for 1m at the moving speed of 80mm/s, 1 water drop of 100 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 8 water drops of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1000 mu L can be pulled to move forwards for 1m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L can be driven to move in an oscillating manner at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 20 mu L can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the moving speed of 10mm/s, and 1 water drop of 100nL can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the moving speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 8
Taking 1.9g of barium titanate and 0.1g of graphene powder, putting the barium titanate and the graphene powder into a clean mortar, dripping 0.4g of deionized water, grinding for 1-2min, putting the ground powder into a die, sleeving a heating sleeve on the die, fixing the die on a tablet press, applying 500MPa pressure to a piezoelectric machine, heating the heating sleeve to 230 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3h. And stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, taking out the barium titanate graphene composite ceramic wafer, and annealing at 700 ℃ for 3h to obtain the compact barium titanate graphene ceramic wafer. Arranged on a metal base plate, adopting 20kV high-voltage corona polarization, and obtaining the piezoelectric coefficient d of the polarized barium titanate graphene ceramic chip33Is 40pC/N. And then carrying out lyophobic treatment on the polarized barium titanate graphene ceramic plate by spraying silicon dioxide nanoparticles modified by tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane on the surface of the polarized barium titanate graphene ceramic plate, wherein the static contact angle of the barium titanate graphene ceramic plate subjected to lyophobic treatment to water is 155 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 1.7 degrees.
Tests prove that the power of the light-operated droplet moving material formed by the obtained barium titanate graphene ceramic sheet in a laser is 500mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the sunlight is 90V, the output current is 130mA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 MuL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 polystyrene bead emulsion liquid drop of 1 MuL can be pushed to move forwards for 1m at the movement speed of 80mm/s, 1 water drop of 100 MuL can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 8 water drops of 10 MuL can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 MuL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1000 MuL can be pulled to move forwards for 1m at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 MuL can be driven to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 MuL can be driven to move in an oscillating mode at the movement speed of 10mm/s, and the water drop of 100nL can be driven to rotate at the rotation speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 9
Ultrasonically dispersing 1% by mass of 100nm barium titanate particles in dimethyl sulfoxide, dissolving 10% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer in the dispersion liquid,and (3) taking 5ml of mixed solution to be cast on a clean 2-inch silicon wafer with a cylindrical structure, the height of which is 10 mu m, the diameter of which is 5 mu m and the distance of which is 20 mu m, drying the silicon wafer at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 12h, and then taking down the PVDF-TrFE composite membrane from the silicon wafer. Placing on a metal base plate, adopting 26kV high-voltage corona polarization, and polarizing the PVDF-TrFE composite film to obtain a piezoelectric coefficient d33Is 24pC/N. And spraying silicon dioxide nanoparticles modified by heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane on the surface of the polarized PVDF-TrFE composite membrane for lyophobic treatment, wherein the static contact angle of the PVDF-TrFE composite membrane after the lyophobic treatment to water is 170 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle to water is 1.1 degrees.
Tests prove that the power of the obtained light-operated drop motion material formed by the PVDF-TrFE composite film in a laser is 1500mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the near-infrared illumination with the wavelength of 808nm is 50V, the output current is 110nA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L of polystyrene globule emulsion can be pushed to move forwards for 1m at the moving speed of 80mm/s, 1 water drop of 100 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 8 water drops of 10 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 1.5m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 mu L can be pushed to move forwards for 2m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1000 mu L can be pulled to move forwards for 1m at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 1 mu L can be driven to move in an oscillating manner at the moving speed of 10mm/s, 1 water drop of 20 mu L can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the moving speed of 10mm/s, and 1 water drop of 100nL can be driven to move in a rotating manner at the moving speed of 10 mm/s.
Example 10
Taking 1.9g of barium titanate and 0.1g of graphene powder, putting the barium titanate and the graphene powder into a clean mortar, dripping 0.4g of deionized water, grinding for 1-2min, putting the ground powder into a die, sleeving a heating sleeve on the die, fixing the die on a tablet press, applying 500MPa pressure to a piezoelectric machine, heating the heating sleeve to 230 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 3h. And stopping heating, cooling to room temperature, taking out the barium titanate graphene composite ceramic wafer, and annealing at 700 ℃ for 3h to obtain the compact barium titanate graphene ceramic wafer. Arranged on a metal base plate and adopts a 20kV high-voltage corona electrodePiezoelectric coefficient d of barium titanate graphene ceramic chip after polarization33Is 40pC/N. And then carrying out lyophobic treatment on the polarized barium titanate graphene ceramic plate by spraying silicon dioxide nanoparticles modified by heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane on the surface of the polarized barium titanate graphene ceramic plate, wherein the static contact angle of the barium titanate graphene ceramic plate subjected to lyophobic treatment to water is 167 degrees, and the dynamic contact angle of the barium titanate graphene ceramic plate to water is 2.1 degrees.
Tests prove that the power of the light-operated droplet moving material formed by the obtained barium titanate graphene ceramic sheet in a laser is 16000mW/cm2The output voltage which can be generated under the near infrared light with the wavelength of 808nm is 550V, the output current is 170mA, and further a charge gradient is formed on the surface of the material, 1 water drop of 10 MuL can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 polystyrene bead emulsion liquid drop of 1 MuL can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 80mm/s for 1m, 1 water drop of 100 MuL can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 1 sodium chloride solution liquid drop of 1nL can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 8 water drops of 10 MuL can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 1.5m, 1 glycerol liquid drop of 50 MuL can be pushed to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 2m, 1 water drop of 1000 MuL can be pulled to move forwards at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 1m, 1 water drop of 1 MuL can be driven to move in an oscillating way at the movement speed of 10mm/s, and the water drops of 1nL can be driven to rotate at the movement speed of 10mm/s for 100 nS.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (52)

1. The light-operated liquid drop motion material is characterized by comprising a base layer made of ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material, wherein the base layer is subjected to polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment in sequence;
the ferroelectric matrix composite material is a composite material which comprises the ferroelectric material as a matrix;
the polarization treatment is a treatment for orderly arranging dipoles of the ferroelectric material;
the lyophobic treatment mode comprises at least one of surface micro-nano structure construction, surface low surface energy molecule modification and liquid perfusion;
the ferroelectric material after lyophobic treatment generates transient charge under illumination, and further forms charge gradient on the surface of the material to drive liquid drops to move;
the piezoelectric coefficient of the base layer subjected to polarization treatment is not lower than 80% of that of the base layer which is not subjected to polarization treatment under the same condition.
2. The light operated droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the ferroelectric material comprises at least one of a ferroelectric polymer, an inorganic ferroelectric material.
3. A light manipulation droplet motion material as claimed in claim 2, wherein said ferroelectric polymer comprises at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymers, odd numbered carbon nylon, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyvinylidenedicyanide, polyurea, polyphenylcyanoether, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, ferroelectric liquid crystal.
4. A light manipulating droplet movement material according to claim 3, wherein said polyvinylidene fluoride and its copolymers comprise polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene copolymer.
5. A light manipulation droplet motion material according to claim 2, wherein the inorganic ferroelectric material comprises at least one of lead titanate, barium titanate, potassium niobate, lithium tantalate, bismuth titanate, bismuth layered perovskite structure ferroelectrics, tungsten bronze type ferroelectrics, bismuth ferrite, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium trinitrate sulfate, rosette, perovskite type organic metal halide ferroelectrics.
6. The photo-manipulated droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the ferroelectric-based composite material further comprises a non-ferroelectric material, the non-ferroelectric material comprising a photo-thermal material.
7. The light manipulation droplet motion material of claim 6, wherein the photothermal material comprises at least one of gold nanorods, gold nanoshells, gold nanocages, hollow gold nanospheres, palladium nanosheets, palladium @ silver, palladium @ silica, carbon nanotubes, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, carbon black, black phosphorus, copper sulfide, indocyanine green, polyaniline, strontium ruthenate, and products of the foregoing after various chemical modifications.
8. The phototropped droplet motion material of claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the ferroelectric material to the non-ferroelectric material is 100:0-70:30 (excluding 100.
9. A photo-manipulated droplet motion material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polarization treatment comprises a treatment of aligning dipoles of a ferroelectric material by external field action of force, electricity, magnetism, or radiation.
10. Light manipulation droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the poled base layer has a piezoelectric coefficient d33Greater than or equal to 10 pC/N.
11. Optically manipulated droplet motion material according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric coefficient d of the poled base layer3315pC/N or higher.
12. The light of claim 1Manipulating a droplet motive material, wherein the piezoelectric coefficient d of the poled base layer33Not less than 20pC/N.
13. A light manipulation droplet movement material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lyophobic treated substrate has a static contact angle of 70 ° to 170 ° with water and a dynamic contact angle of 0 ° to 10 ° with water.
14. The light manipulation droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the micro-nano structure construction comprises templated, 3D printing.
15. The phototropism droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the micro-nano structure comprises at least one of a pyramid structure, a micro-pillar structure and a micro-pore structure with a circular, square and polygonal cross section.
16. The light manipulation droplet movement material of claim 15, wherein the micro-pillar structure is 1nm to 100 μm high, 1nm to 100 μm side length/diameter, and 1nm to 100 μm pitch.
17. The light manipulation droplet motion material of claim 15, wherein the pyramid structure is 1nm-50 μm high, 1nm-100 μm side long, and 1nm-100 μm pitch.
18. The phototooling droplet movement material of claim 15, wherein the microporous structure has a depth of 1nm-100 μm, a diameter of 1nm-100 μm, and a spacing of 1nm-100 μm.
19. The phototropped droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the low surface energy molecules comprise perfluorinated molecules, nanoparticles modified with perfluorinated molecules.
20. A light manipulation droplet motion material as claimed in claim 19 wherein said perfluorinated molecules comprise trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane, heptadecafluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, perfluorooctyl-trichlorosilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane.
21. The optically manipulated droplet motion material of claim 19, wherein the nanoparticles comprise polystyrene nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles.
22. The phototropped droplet motion material of claim 19, wherein the mass ratio of perfluorinated molecules to nanoparticles is 1:10 to 1:100.
23. the light manipulation droplet motion material of claim 1, wherein the liquid infusion comprises immersion in at least one of a perfluorinated oil, a vegetable seed oil, n-decanol, ethylene glycol, motor oil, kerosene, a mineral oil, oleic acid, methyl oleate, ethyl oleate, a ferrofluid, a paraffin, a thermotropic liquid crystal, an ionic liquid, a silicone oil.
24. A photo-manipulated droplet motion material according to claim 1, where the base layer of ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material has a thickness of 100nm-1mm.
25. A photo-manipulated droplet motion material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base layer of ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material has a thickness of 100nm-100 μm.
26. A method of producing a phototropped droplet motion material according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein when the phototropped droplet motion material comprises a ferroelectric polymer, the method comprises the steps of:
dispersing or dissolving a ferroelectric material or a ferroelectric-based composite material in a first solvent, coating the first solvent on a substrate, drying to obtain a ferroelectric material or a ferroelectric-based composite material layer, and sequentially carrying out polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment on the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material layer to obtain a base layer of the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material;
when the photo-manipulated droplet motion material contains at least one of an inorganic ferroelectric material or a non-ferroelectric material, the steps of:
adding a second solvent into the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material for wet grinding, then carrying out hot-pressing treatment, finally annealing to obtain the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material layer, and carrying out polarization treatment and lyophobic treatment on the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material layer in sequence to obtain the base layer of the ferroelectric material or the ferroelectric-based composite material.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the first solvent is an organic solvent.
28. The method according to claim 27, wherein the organic solvent comprises at least one of dimethyl sulfoxide, N-dimethylformamide acetone, trimethyl phosphate, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, propylene glycol, N-methylpyrrolidone, tetrahydrofuran, tetramethylurea, hexamethylphosphoric acid amide, and hexafluoroisopropanol.
29. The method according to claim 26, wherein the mass ratio of the ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material to the first solvent is 1:99-30:70.
30. the method according to claim 26, wherein the drying temperature is 60-90 ℃ and the drying time is 4-12 hours.
31. The method of claim 26, wherein the second solvent comprises at least one of water, ethanol, acetone, ammonia, and acetic acid.
32. The method according to claim 26, wherein the mass ratio of the ferroelectric material or ferroelectric-based composite material to the second solvent is 80:20-99:1.
33. the method of claim 26, wherein the wet milling time is 1-30min.
34. The method according to claim 26, wherein the temperature of the hot pressing is 150 to 500 ℃, the pressure of the hot pressing is 100 to 1000MPa, and the time of the hot pressing is 0.5 to 5 hours.
35. The method according to claim 26, wherein the hot-pressing temperature is 230 ℃, the hot-pressing pressure is 500MPa, and the hot-pressing time is 3 hours.
36. The method of claim 26, wherein the annealing temperature is 500-900 ℃ and the annealing time is 1-12h.
37. The method of claim 26, wherein the annealing temperature is 700 ℃ and the annealing time is 3 hours.
38. A device having a surface made of a light-manipulated droplet motion material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 25.
39. Use of the photoprocessed droplet motion material of any of claims 1-25 for the preparation of self-cleaning surfaces, microfluidic devices, microchemical reaction devices, biological detection devices and droplet manipulation devices.
40. Use of a phototropped droplet motion material according to any one of claims 1-25 in phototropped droplet motion.
41. The use of claim 40, wherein the number of said manipulation drops is 1-100, the manipulation drop size is 1nL-1mL, the manipulation drop movement speed is 1 μm/s-10m/s, and the movement distance is 1mm-10m.
42. The use according to claim 40, wherein the method of manipulating droplet movement using the phototropped droplet movement material of any one of claims 1-25 comprises the steps of: and placing the liquid drop on the surface of the light-operated liquid drop moving material, and irradiating the liquid drop with light.
43. The use of claim 42, wherein the photo-manipulated droplet motion material is exposed to light with an open circuit voltage of 1mV-500V and a short circuit current of 1nA-100mA/cm2。
44. The use according to any one of claims 40 to 43, wherein the surface tension of the droplets controllable by the photo-controlled droplet motion material is 10 mN.m-1-100 mN•m-1。
45. The use according to any one of claims 40 to 43, wherein the droplets comprise water droplets, inorganic solution droplets, organic solvent droplets, micro-nano particle suspension droplets, biological tissue fluid.
46. The use of claim 45, wherein the solutes in the droplets of inorganic solution comprise sodium chloride, calcium chloride, copper sulfate, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide.
47. The use according to claim 45, wherein the organic solvent droplets comprise ethanol, acetone, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, n-hexane, silicone oil, fluoro oil, sunflower oil, olive oil, n-hexadecane, heptane, octane, acetic acid, toluene, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethylene glycol, isopropanol, glycerol.
48. The use of claim 45, wherein the solute in the micro-nano particle suspension liquid drop comprises polystyrene spheres, silica spheres, gold particles.
49. The use of claim 45, wherein the biological tissue fluid comprises blood, serum, tissue fluid containing cells, and culture fluid containing cells.
50. The use of any one of claims 40 to 43, wherein the light has a wavelength of 200nm-2500nm and an illumination intensity of 1mW-20000 mW.
51. The use according to any one of claims 40-43, wherein the light is generated by a portable laser pen, a laser.
52. The use of any one of claims 40 to 43, wherein the light-manipulated droplet motion material manipulates droplet motion in a manner that includes pushing, pulling, rotating, oscillating, splitting, fusing, climbing a slope with an angle of 0 ° -90 °.
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