CN112712786A - Portable active noise control device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Portable active noise control device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112712786A CN112712786A CN202011643910.3A CN202011643910A CN112712786A CN 112712786 A CN112712786 A CN 112712786A CN 202011643910 A CN202011643910 A CN 202011643910A CN 112712786 A CN112712786 A CN 112712786A
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1787—General system configurations
- G10K11/17879—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal
- G10K11/17883—General system configurations using both a reference signal and an error signal the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/879—Head-rests with additional features not related to head-rest positioning, e.g. heating or cooling devices or loudspeakers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
- B60N2/80—Head-rests
- B60N2/882—Head-rests detachable
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
- G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/10—Applications
- G10K2210/128—Vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a portable active noise control device, which comprises a neck protection pillow main body (6) and an active noise control system, wherein the neck protection pillow main body (6) is filled with a memory cotton material and a sound absorption cotton material, the active noise control system is integrated in the neck protection pillow main body (6), the neck protection pillow main body (6) comprises a headrest (7), a neck protector (8), a left backrest (9), a right backrest (10) and a fixing device (11), and the active noise control system comprises a noise acquisition device, a sound production device, an active noise reduction controller (4) and a power supply module (5). The device provided by the invention can be installed above the seats of vehicles such as automobiles, motor cars, airplanes and the like for use, so that the noise of the surrounding environment is reduced for drivers and passengers. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of reducing the influence of the movement or rotation of the head of the user on the noise reduction effect, along with convenient carrying, simple installation, strong universality and the like. A control method of the portable active noise control device is also provided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active noise reduction, in particular to a portable active noise control device and a control method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the transportation industry in China and the great improvement of the living standard of people, people have higher requirements on the riding comfort of vehicles such as automobiles, airplanes and high-speed rails, and especially the noise problem is more and more concerned by people. Excessive noise can cause great harm to the physiological and psychological health of people, mainly manifested by damage to the hearing system and the nervous system, distraction of the driver, and certain potential safety hazard.
The traditional passive noise control method reduces the noise generation by optimizing the structural design, or adopts acoustic materials such as sound absorption cotton and sound insulation cotton to carry out sound absorption and sound insulation treatment on the noise, thereby having better inhibiting effect on high-frequency noise. However, since the wavelength of the low-frequency noise is long and the diffraction capability in the transmission medium is strong, the passive noise reduction method is not ideal for suppressing the low-frequency noise, and a large amount of acoustic materials are required to be used to enhance the suppression of the low-frequency noise, so that the weight of the vehicle is greatly increased, the light-weight design requirement is not met, and the manufacturing cost and the energy loss are increased. The active noise control is to generate an anti-noise signal with the same amplitude as the original noise and 180 degrees of phase difference through an additional loudspeaker to realize the control of a certain specific sound field. Compared with the traditional passive noise control method, the active noise control method can realize more satisfactory noise reduction effect on the premise of not increasing the weight of the vehicle.
Noise in vehicles such as automobiles, airplanes, and high-speed trains is cabin noise. Generally, the global control of the noise in the whole cabin is difficult to realize, and more technologies adopt a local active noise reduction method to realize the noise suppression of the head area of the driver and the passenger.
Some existing methods for local active noise reduction in automobile and high-speed rail cabins integrate an active noise control system into a seat headrest, and an active dead zone in a certain range is formed in an error microphone area by overlapping an anti-noise sound wave emitted by a secondary speaker and an original noise sound wave. In a single-frequency diffusion field, the diameter of an active dead zone with a sound reduction amount of 10dB is approximately one tenth of the wavelength of sound waves, and an error microphone installed in a headrest of a noise reduction seat is generally spaced from the human ear, so that the left and right ears of a user are not located at the position of the maximum noise reduction amount, and the noise reduction effect is attenuated as the distance increases. When the position or posture of the user on the seat changes, the human ear may move in a direction in which the noise reduction effect is worse or outside the quiet zone range along with the rotation or the front, rear, left, and right movements of the human head.
The influence of the environmental change that the noise reduction effect of current scheme received is great to need reequip former dress seat, replace former dress headrest with the active headrest of making an uproar that falls, the installation is more complicated, and the universality is not strong.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a portable active noise control device, which overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a portable active noise control device comprises a neck protection pillow main body (6) and an active noise control system, wherein the active noise control system is integrated in the neck protection pillow main body (6), the neck protection pillow main body (6) comprises a headrest (7), a neck protector (8), a left backrest (9), a right backrest (10) and a fixing device (11), and the fixing device (11) is used for installing the neck protection pillow main body (6) above a seat; the active noise control system comprises a noise acquisition device, a sound production device, an active noise reduction controller (4) and a power module (5), wherein the active noise reduction controller (4) is arranged in the neck protection pillow main body (6), the input end of the active noise reduction controller is connected with the noise acquisition device, and the output end of the active noise reduction controller is connected with the sound production device; the power module (5) is installed in the neck protection pillow main body (6) and used for supplying power to the noise collection device, the sound production device and the active noise reduction controller (4).
Preferably, the neck protection pillow main body (6) is filled with memory cotton materials and sound absorption cotton materials.
Preferably, the fixing device (11) can be adjusted in height above the seat according to the requirements of the user.
Preferably, the noise collection device comprises a reference microphone (1) and an error microphone (2).
Preferably, the reference microphones (1) are provided with two microphones, and the two microphones are respectively arranged at one side of the inner part of the left backrest (9) and the right backrest (10) of the neck protection pillow, which is close to the outer surface of the neck protection pillow main body (6), and are used for acquiring the original ambient noise signals of the surroundings needing to be controlled.
Preferably, the error microphones (2) are respectively arranged at one side of the inner surfaces of the left backrest (9) and the right backrest (10) of the neck protection pillow, which is close to the inner surface of the neck protection pillow main body (6), and are close to the distance between the two ears of a user, and are used for acquiring residual error noise signals after noise control.
Preferably, the sound generating device comprises two secondary speakers (3) which are respectively arranged inside a left side (9) and a right side (10) of the neck protection pillow, the two secondary speakers (3) are positioned between the error microphone and the reference microphone, and the secondary speakers (3) are provided with vibrating diaphragms facing to the two ear directions of a user and used for sending out anti-noise signals which are offset with original environment noise signals.
Preferably, a separation layer filled with sound absorbing cotton material is arranged between the secondary loudspeaker (3) and the reference microphone (1) for reducing the influence of secondary acoustic feedback on the noise reduction effect.
Preferably, the power module is provided with a switch device, so that whether the noise reduction function is started or not can be determined according to requirements, and energy consumption is saved.
The present invention also provides a method for controlling a portable active noise control device, including:
according to the individual requirements of a user, determining the installation height of the active noise control system, and firmly installing the active noise control system on the seat by adjusting the fixing device (11);
opening a switch of a power module (5) in the active noise control system, and starting an active noise reduction function;
the reference microphone (1) acquires an original environment noise signal needing to be controlled in the environment and transmits the original environment noise signal to the active noise reduction controller (4), and the active noise reduction controller (4) generates a control signal and drives the secondary loudspeaker (3) to send out an anti-noise signal through the control signal;
the error microphone (2) acquires a residual error noise signal obtained by superposing an original noise signal and an anti-noise signal;
the residual error noise signal is transmitted to the active noise reduction controller (4) to update the weight coefficient of the active noise reduction controller (4), so that the amplitude of the anti-noise signal is the same as that of the original environment noise signal, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and the local active noise control near a target noise reduction point is realized;
when the noise environment changes to cause the original environment noise signal to change, the active noise reduction controller (4) updates the weight coefficient in real time to adapt to the change of the noise environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the neck protection pillow can relieve the fatigue feeling when a vehicle is taken, and meanwhile, an active quiet area is formed in the head area of a user by the active noise reduction function, so that the travelling comfort of drivers and passengers is improved;
(2) updating the weight coefficient of the active noise controller in real time by using a self-adaptive active noise reduction technology to minimize the residual noise at the target noise reduction point;
(3) the layout of the noise collection device and the sound production device is optimized, so that the ears of a person are closer to the maximum noise reduction amount in an active quiet area, and the influence of the head of the user on the noise reduction effect when the head moves or rotates is reduced;
(4) the active noise control device provided by the invention is simple to mount and dismount, does not need to greatly modify vehicles to realize noise control in a cabin, can be mounted on seats of various vehicles such as automobiles, high-speed rails and airplanes, and has universality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an active noise control apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the active noise control apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic back structure diagram of the active noise control device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the active noise control device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the active noise control apparatus of the present invention applied to a seat headrest.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the distance between the head and the active noise control device when a user sits on the seat in different postures.
The notation in the figure is:
1. the device comprises a reference microphone, 2, an error microphone, 3, a secondary loudspeaker, 4, an active noise reduction controller, 5, a power supply module, 6, a neck protection pillow main body, 7, a headrest, 8, a neck protection, 9, a left backrest, 10, a right backrest, 11 and a fixing device.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a portable active noise control device, which comprises a neck protection pillow main body 6, a noise collection device, a sound generation device, an active noise reduction controller 4, and a power module 5:
the neck protection pillow main body 6 comprises a headrest 7, a neck protection 8, a left backrest 9, a right backrest 10 and a fixing device 11. The neck protecting pillow main body 6 is filled with memory cotton material and sound absorbing cotton material.
The noise acquisition device comprises two reference microphones 1 and two error microphones 2, wherein the two reference microphones 1 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of a left rest 9 and a right rest 10; the two error microphones 2 are respectively arranged at the inner sides of the left backrest 9 and the right backrest 10 and are respectively close to the left ear and the right ear of a user.
The sound production device comprises two secondary speakers 3, the two secondary speakers 3 are respectively arranged inside a left backrest 9 and a right backrest 10 and are positioned between the reference microphone 1 and the error microphone 2, vibrating diaphragms of the secondary speakers 3 face the directions of two ears of a user, and an interlayer filled with sound absorption cotton material is arranged between the secondary speakers 3 and the reference microphone 2.
The active noise reduction controller 4 is arranged in the neck protection pillow main body 6 and is connected with the noise acquisition device and the sound production device.
In the active noise reduction control process, a reference signal is used as the input of a controller, the controller outputs a control signal to drive a secondary loudspeaker 3 to sound, an original noise signal and an anti-noise signal are superposed at an error microphone 2 to form a residual error signal, and the residual error signal is transmitted to the controller to correct and update a controller weight coefficient so as to minimize the residual error signal at the error microphone 2.
Example (b):
the portable active noise control device provided by the embodiment is applied to an automobile seat, and local active noise control in the head area of a user is realized.
The main sources of car noise include: engine noise, tire noise resulting from the interaction of tires with the ground, and wind noise resulting from the friction of air with the vehicle body. There are studies showing that: when the running speed of the automobile is lower than 30km/h, the engine noise is the main component of the noise in the automobile; when the running speed of the automobile is 50-80km/h, the tire noise is the main component of the noise in the automobile; when the running speed of the automobile exceeds 70km/h, wind noise is the main component of the noise in the automobile. Therefore, the noise environment in the cabin of the automobile changes along with the change of the running speed, and therefore, an adaptive control method is used to adapt to the change of the noise environment.
As shown in fig. 5, after the installation height of the active noise control device is determined according to the individual needs of the user, the active noise control device can be firmly installed on the seat by adjusting the fixing device 11; the active noise control device is provided with a switch, the active noise reduction function is started when the switch is turned on, and the active noise reduction function is stopped when the switch is turned off, so that energy can be saved; after the switch is turned on, the reference microphone 1 acquires an environmental noise signal needing to be controlled in the automobile cabin and transmits the environmental noise signal to the active noise controller 4, and a control signal generated by the controller drives the secondary loudspeaker 3 to sound; the error microphone 2 obtains a residual error noise signal obtained by superposing the original noise signal and the anti-noise signal, and the residual error noise signal is transmitted to the active noise controller 4 to update the controller weight coefficient, so that the amplitude of the anti-noise signal is the same as that of the original noise signal, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and the local active noise control near a target noise reduction point is realized. When the running condition of the automobile changes, the active noise controller updates the weight coefficient in real time to adapt to the change of the noise environment.
As shown in fig. 6, when the user leans on the active noise control device with his head right, it is assumed that the distance from the error microphone 2 to the human ear is a normal distance. Some existing active noise reduction systems are installed in the headrest of the car seat, and in this arrangement, the distance is usually about 10-12 cm; in the embodiment, the error microphones 2 are arranged at positions adjacent to the ears of the person on the neck protection pillow, and the general distance is usually about 2-4cm, under the arrangement condition, the general distance from a target noise reduction point to the ears of the person is shortened, namely the positions of the ears of the person are closer to the maximum noise reduction amount of the active quiet zone, so that the noise reduction effect of the two ears of the person is close to the noise reduction effect obtained by the two error microphones 2.
As shown in fig. 6, when the distance that the human head moves forward is too large, since the diameter of the active dead zone is one tenth of the signal wavelength, the human ear may be located at a position where the noise reduction effect is poor, or move outside the dead zone range. For example: under the ideal condition, for a single-frequency wave of 1000Hz, the moving distance of the human head is not more than 3.4cm, and a good noise reduction effect can be obtained at the human ear; the moving distance of the human head exceeds 3.4cm, and the noise reduction effect is not obvious.
As shown in fig. 6, when the head of a person moves or rotates in both left and right directions, one ear is close to the adjacent error microphone 2, and the other ear is far from the adjacent error microphone 2, but the distance change is small, and when the active noise reduction controller is stabilized, the noise reduction effect of the two ears is also close to the noise reduction effect obtained by the two error microphones 2.
The portable active noise control device designed by the embodiment is not limited to the local active noise control in the automobile cabin, and can be used for suppressing noise of other transportation vehicles with conventional seats, such as airplanes, high-speed rails and the like, and improving the riding comfort of drivers and passengers.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, a person skilled in the art may change the embodiments and the application scope according to the embodiments of the present invention, and in summary, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A portable active noise control device, characterized by: the neck protection pillow comprises a neck protection pillow main body (6) and an active noise control system, wherein the active noise control system is integrated in the neck protection pillow main body (6), the neck protection pillow main body (6) comprises a headrest (7), a neck protector (8), a left backrest (9), a right backrest (10) and a fixing device (11), and the fixing device (11) is used for installing the neck protection pillow main body (6) above a seat; the active noise control system comprises a noise acquisition device, a sound production device, an active noise reduction controller (4) and a power module (5), wherein the active noise reduction controller (4) is arranged in the neck protection pillow main body (6), the input end of the active noise reduction controller is connected with the noise acquisition device, and the output end of the active noise reduction controller is connected with the sound production device; the power module (5) is installed in the neck protection pillow main body (6) and used for supplying power to the noise collection device, the sound production device and the active noise reduction controller (4).
2. A portable active noise control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the neck protection pillow main body (6) is filled with memory cotton materials and sound absorption cotton materials.
3. A portable active noise control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing device (11) can be adjusted to be arranged at the height above the seat according to the requirements of a user.
4. A portable active noise control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the noise acquisition device comprises a reference microphone (1) and an error microphone (2).
5. A portable active noise control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the reference microphones (1) are respectively arranged at one side of the inner parts of the left backrest (9) and the right backrest (10) of the neck protection pillow, which is close to the outer surface of the neck protection pillow main body (6), and are used for acquiring the original ambient noise signal of the surroundings needing to be controlled.
6. A portable active noise control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the error microphones (2) are respectively arranged on one side of the left side of the neck protection pillow, close to the inner surface of the neck protection pillow main body (6), of the right side of the neck protection pillow, close to the two ears of a user and used for acquiring residual error noise signals after noise control, and the two error microphones (2) are respectively arranged on the left side of the neck protection pillow, close to the inner surface of the neck protection pillow main body (6), and close to the two ears.
7. A portable active noise control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sound production device comprises two secondary loudspeakers (3), the two secondary loudspeakers (3) are respectively installed on the left side of the neck protection pillow and are leaned on the left side (9) and the right side of the neck protection pillow and lean on the right side (10), the two secondary loudspeakers (3) are located between the error microphone and the reference microphone, and the secondary loudspeakers (3) are provided with vibrating diaphragms facing to the directions of two ears of a user and used for sending anti-noise signals offsetting original environment noise signals.
8. A portable active noise control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: an interlayer filled with sound absorption cotton materials is arranged between the secondary loudspeaker (3) and the reference microphone (1) and is used for reducing the influence of secondary acoustic feedback on the noise reduction effect.
9. A portable active noise control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power module is provided with the switching device, so that whether the noise reduction function is started or not can be determined according to requirements, and energy consumption is saved.
10. A method of controlling a portable active noise control device according to any one of claims 4 to 9, comprising:
according to the individual requirements of a user, determining the installation height of the active noise control system, and firmly installing the active noise control system on the seat by adjusting the fixing device (11);
opening a switch of a power module (5) in the active noise control system, and starting an active noise reduction function;
the reference microphone (1) acquires an original environment noise signal needing to be controlled in the environment and transmits the original environment noise signal to the active noise reduction controller (4), and the active noise reduction controller (4) generates a control signal and drives the secondary loudspeaker (3) to send out an anti-noise signal through the control signal;
the error microphone (2) acquires a residual error noise signal obtained by superposing an original noise signal and an anti-noise signal;
the residual error noise signal is transmitted to the active noise reduction controller (4) to update the weight coefficient of the active noise reduction controller (4), so that the amplitude of the anti-noise signal is the same as that of the original environment noise signal, the phase difference is 180 degrees, and the local active noise control near a target noise reduction point is realized;
when the noise environment changes to cause the original environment noise signal to change, the active noise reduction controller (4) updates the weight coefficient in real time to adapt to the change of the noise environment.
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| CN202011643910.3A CN112712786A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Portable active noise control device and control method thereof |
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| CN202011643910.3A CN112712786A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Portable active noise control device and control method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113936634A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-14 | 深圳市随拍科技有限公司 | Active noise reduction system of automobile |
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