CN112710890A - Single-phase sine alternating current phasor real-time calculation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time computation method and a device for single-phase sine alternating current phasor. The invention can calculate the single-phase sine alternating-current phasor in real time, and the algorithm has simple structure and is easy to realize. Compared with the traditional single-phase sine alternating-current phasor calculation method, the required sampling data is far less than 1/4 cycle sampling numbers, the calculation amount is small, the calculation speed is high, and the method can be used for real-time calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement and control of electric or electronic systems, and particularly relates to a method and a device for calculating single-phase sinusoidal alternating-current phasors in real time.
Background
In electrical or electronic system measurement and control equipment, it is generally necessary to detect the amplitude and phase of a sinusoidal alternating current signal, i.e. to obtain a sinusoidal alternating current phasor. The amplitude and the phase of the three-phase sinusoidal alternating current signal can be obtained through a three-phase-locked loop based on dq transformation; however, single-phase sinusoidal ac signals can generally only be used to calculate sinusoidal ac phasors by means of fourier transform or virtual dq transform. The fourier transform may generally employ a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) or a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and is calculated from the sampled data of the whole or half period of the input signal, requiring a large amount of data to be stored and complicated in calculation. The virtual dq transformation approach requires storage and delay of the input signal to obtain the quadrature signal, typically at least 1/4 cycles of sample data to be stored. However, the storage resources and the computation resources of the real-time system are limited, and when the signal sampling rate is high, both the two traditional methods need to consume a large amount of storage space and computation resources to meet the computation requirement of the single-phase sinusoidal alternating-current phasor, and even the real-time computation cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a real-time calculation method for single-phase sinusoidal alternating-current phasor, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the required sampling data of the calculation method is far less than 1/4 periodic sampling numbers, the calculation amount is small, the calculation speed is high, and the calculation method can be used for real-time calculation.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted:
a real-time calculation method for single-phase sinusoidal alternating-current phasors comprises the following steps:
constructing an orthogonal signal of an input sine alternating current signal;
phasor is calculated in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the quadrature signal thereof.
Preferably, the phase shift filter is used to construct the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal, and the transfer function is:
discretizing the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter to obtain a real-time calculation equation as follows:
uf(k)＝a0u(k)+a1u(k-1)+a2u(k-2)-b1uf(k-1)-b2uf(k-2)
in the formula: u (k) is the sampled value of the input sine AC signal at the current time, uf (k) is the calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sine AC signal at the current time, a0、a1、a2、b1、b2Is a phase shift filter coefficient;
and carrying out iterative computation on the sampling value of the input sine alternating current signal according to a real-time computation equation of the phase-shifting filter to obtain the constructed orthogonal signal of the input sine alternating current signal.
Preferably, the phase shift filter satisfies: the amplitude-frequency characteristic is 0dB and the phase-frequency characteristic is-90 ° at the frequency f0 of the input sinusoidal alternating current signal.
Preferably, the phase shift filter adopts a second-order low-pass filter.
Preferably, the phasor is calculated in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the quadrature signal thereof, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: u shapekFor the single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor, u (k) is a sampling value of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, uf (k) is a calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, and Arg (-uf (k) + j · u (k)) is an argument of a complex number (-uf (k) + j · u (k)).
The invention provides another technical scheme that:
a single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor real-time calculation device, comprising:
a phase shift filter for constructing an orthogonal signal of an input sinusoidal alternating current signal;
and the amplitude phase operation module is used for calculating phasor in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the orthogonal signal thereof.
Preferably, the phase shift filter satisfies: the amplitude-frequency characteristic is 0dB and the phase-frequency characteristic is-90 ° at the frequency f0 of the input sinusoidal alternating current signal.
Preferably, the phase shift filter adopts a second-order low-pass filter.
Preferably, the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter is:
discretizing the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter to obtain a real-time calculation equation as follows:
uf(k)＝a0u(k)+a1u(k-1)+a2u(k-2)-b1uf(k-1)-b2uf(k-2)
in the formula: u (k) is the sampled value of the input sine AC signal at the current time, uf (k) is the calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sine AC signal at the current time, a0、a1、a2、b1、b2Is a phase shift filter coefficient;
and carrying out iterative computation on the sampling value of the input sine alternating current signal according to a real-time computation equation of the phase-shifting filter to obtain the constructed orthogonal signal of the input sine alternating current signal.
Preferably, the amplitude and phase operation module calculates phasor in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the quadrature signal thereof according to a calculation formula:
in the formula: u shapekFor the single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor, u (k) is a sampling value of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, uf (k) is a calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, and Arg (-uf (k) + j · u (k)) is an argument of a complex number (-uf (k) + j · u (k)).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the phase-shifting filter designed by the embodiment of the invention can effectively realize the orthogonal signal of the input single-phase sinusoidal alternating current signal, namely the sinusoidal alternating current signal with the phase difference of 90 degrees, simultaneously filters out the high-frequency component in the input signal, and is superior to the traditional method which realizes the orthogonal signal by means of time delay.
2. Compared with the traditional method, the embodiment of the invention only needs 6 data in the real-time calculation process, and occupies small storage space.
3. Compared with the traditional method, the phase-shifting filtering and amplitude phase operation module has the advantages of simple formula, small operand and less occupied computing resources.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-phase sinusoidal AC phasor real-time calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the frequency characteristics of one implementation of a phase-shifting filter in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an implementation effect diagram of the method for calculating single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor in real time according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for calculating single-phase sinusoidal alternating-current phasor in real time, and the algorithm is simple in structure and easy to implement. Compared with the traditional single-phase sine alternating-current phasor calculation method, the required sampling data is far less than 1/4 cycle sampling numbers when the sampling rate is high, the calculation amount is small, the calculation speed is high, and the method can be used for real-time calculation.
As shown in figure 1, the device comprises a phase-shifting filter and an amplitude phase operation module, in the method, a quadrature signal of an input sinusoidal alternating current signal is constructed through the phase-shifting filter, and phasor is calculated in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the quadrature signal thereof through the amplitude phase operation module.
The phase-shifting filter satisfies that the amplitude-frequency characteristic is 0dB at the frequency f0 of the input sinusoidal alternating current signal, the phase-frequency characteristic is-90 degrees, namely:
in the formula:
is a function of the frequency characteristic of the phase shift filter, A (omega) is a function of the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the phase shift filter,
f0 is the frequency of the input sinusoidal ac signal as a function of the phase-frequency characteristics of the phase-shift filter.
A1. Designing a transfer function of the phase-shifting filter according to the characteristics of the phase-shifting filter; typically, the phase shift filter may be a second-order low-pass filter satisfying the condition that a transfer function is:
A2. discretizing a transfer function of the phase-shifting filter to obtain a real-time calculation equation; the real-time calculation equation corresponding to the transfer function is as follows:
uf(k)＝a0u(k)+a1u(k-1)+a2u(k-2)-b1uf(k-1)-b2uf(k-2)
in the formula: u (k) is the sampled value of the input sine AC signal at the current time, uf (k) is the calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sine AC signal at the current time, a0、a1、a2、b1、b2Are the phase shift filter coefficients.
A3. Storing a sampling value of an input sine alternating current signal, performing iterative computation according to a real-time computation equation of the phase-shifting filter, and storing a computation result;
A4. repeat A3 step.
And the amplitude and phase operation module calculates phasor in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the orthogonal signal thereof. The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula: u shapekFor the single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor, u (k) is a sampling value of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, uf (k) is a calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, and Arg (-uf (k) + j · u (k)) is an argument of a complex number (-uf (k) + j · u (k)).
(II) the following explains and explains the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention with specific implementation examples:
in one embodiment of the present invention, the sampling rate is 20000 sampling points/sec, the frequency of the input single-phase sinusoidal ac signal is f0 ═ 50Hz, and the following equation is satisfied:
the phase-shifting filter is implemented according to the following steps:
A1. and designing a transfer function of the phase-shifting filter according to the characteristics of the phase-shifting filter. One implementation of the phase-shifting filter is a second-order low-pass filter that satisfies the condition with a transfer function of:
the filter meets the characteristics of the phase-shifting filter, the frequency characteristic diagram is shown in fig. 2, the amplitude-frequency characteristic is 0dB at the frequency f0 of the input sinusoidal alternating current signal being 50Hz, the phase-frequency characteristic is-90 degrees, namely:
A2. and discretizing the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter to obtain a real-time calculation equation. The real-time calculation equation corresponding to the transfer function is as follows:
uf(k)＝8.6272237×10-5u(k)+1.7254447×10-4u(k-1)+8.6272237×10-5u(k-2)+1.9777869uf(k-1)-0.9780310uf(k-2)
A3. storing sampling values u (k), u (k-1) and u (k-2) of input sine alternating current signals, carrying out iterative computation according to a real-time computation equation of a phase-shifting filter to obtain orthogonal signal computation values uf (k), and storing computation results uf (k) for next computation;
A4. repeat A3 step.
u (k) and uf (k) are transmitted to the amplitude phase operation module, and phasor is calculated in real time according to the input sine alternating current signal and the orthogonal signal thereof. The calculation formula is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 3, the calculation results of u (k), uf (k), Uk amplitude and Uk phase are shown from top to bottom. As can be seen from fig. 3, the phase shift filter of the present invention effectively outputs the quadrature signal of the input single-phase sinusoidal ac signal in real time, and the amplitude and phase operation module effectively calculates the amplitude and phase of the single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor in real time. The whole calculation process only needs to store 6 data, and the single operand is small. The traditional calculation method at least needs to store 100 sampling point data for calculation under the setting signal of the implementation example, and the calculation amount is large.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. A real-time calculation method for single-phase sine alternating-current phasors is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing an orthogonal signal of an input sine alternating current signal;
phasor is calculated in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the quadrature signal thereof.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the phase-shifting filter is used to construct the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal, and the transfer function is:
discretizing the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter to obtain a real-time calculation equation as follows:
uf(k)＝a0u(k)+a1u(k-1)+a2u(k-2)-b1uf(k-1)-b2uf(k-2)
in the formula: u (k) is the sampled value of the input sine AC signal at the current time, uf (k) is the calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sine AC signal at the current time, a0、a1、a2、b1、b2Is a phase shift filter coefficient;
and carrying out iterative computation on the sampling value of the input sine alternating current signal according to a real-time computation equation of the phase-shifting filter to obtain the constructed orthogonal signal of the input sine alternating current signal.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the phase-shifting filter satisfies the following requirements: the amplitude-frequency characteristic is 0dB and the phase-frequency characteristic is-90 ° at the frequency f0 of the input sinusoidal alternating current signal.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the phase-shifting filter is a second-order low-pass filter.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the phasor is calculated in real time from the input sinusoidal ac signal and its quadrature signal, and the formula is:
in the formula: u shapekFor the single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor, u (k) is a sampling value of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, uf (k) is a calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, and Arg (-uf (k) + j · u (k)) is an argument of a complex number (-uf (k) + j · u (k)).
6. A single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor real-time calculation device, comprising:
a phase shift filter for constructing an orthogonal signal of an input sinusoidal alternating current signal;
and the amplitude phase operation module is used for calculating phasor in real time according to the input sinusoidal alternating current signal and the orthogonal signal thereof.
7. The device for real-time computation of single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor according to claim 6, wherein said phase-shift filter satisfies: the amplitude-frequency characteristic is 0dB and the phase-frequency characteristic is-90 ° at the frequency f0 of the input sinusoidal alternating current signal.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the phase-shifting filter is a second-order low-pass filter.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter is:
discretizing the transfer function of the phase-shifting filter to obtain a real-time calculation equation as follows:
uf(k)＝a0u(k)+a1u(k-1)+a2u(k-2)-b1uf(k-1)-b2uf(k-2)
in the formula: u (k) is the sampled value of the input sine AC signal at the current time, uf (k) is the calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sine AC signal at the current time, a0、a1、a2、b1、b2Is a phase shift filter coefficient;
and carrying out iterative computation on the sampling value of the input sine alternating current signal according to a real-time computation equation of the phase-shifting filter to obtain the constructed orthogonal signal of the input sine alternating current signal.
10. The device for real-time computation of single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor according to claim 6, wherein the amplitude and phase operation module computes phasor in real time according to the input sinusoidal ac signal and its quadrature signal by the following formula:
in the formula: u shapekFor the single-phase sinusoidal ac phasor, u (k) is a sampling value of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, uf (k) is a calculated value of the quadrature signal of the input sinusoidal ac signal at the current time, and Arg (-uf (k) + j · u (k)) is an argument of a complex number (-uf (k) + j · u (k)).
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