CN112710285A - Deep sea temperature and deep salt measuring instrument with self-energy supply - Google Patents
Deep sea temperature and deep salt measuring instrument with self-energy supply Download PDFInfo
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- CN112710285A CN112710285A CN202011496185.1A CN202011496185A CN112710285A CN 112710285 A CN112710285 A CN 112710285A CN 202011496185 A CN202011496185 A CN 202011496185A CN 112710285 A CN112710285 A CN 112710285A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/008—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal measuring depth of open water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
- G01K5/483—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid using materials with a configuration memory, e.g. Ni-Ti alloys
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/48—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid
- G01K5/56—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid
- G01K5/58—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being constrained at more than one point, e.g. rod, plate, diaphragm
- G01K5/60—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a solid constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid the solid body being constrained at more than one point, e.g. rod, plate, diaphragm the body being a flexible wire or ribbon
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
- G01L9/0041—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms
- G01L9/007—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using variations in inductance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-powered ocean deep-temperature salt measuring instrument. The seawater temperature sensor comprises a temperature and depth salt measuring assembly and a central processing assembly, wherein a tympanic membrane is arranged at the top of a pressure-proof shell, the interior of the pressure-proof shell is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a partition plate, a temperature sensitive unit is arranged between a movable pressure-bearing plate and the partition plate, the temperature sensitive unit mainly comprises a shape memory conducting strip, and the seawater temperature outside the pressure-proof shell is sensed through the deformation of the shape memory conducting strip. The upper part and the lower part of the shape memory conducting strip are provided with piezoelectric patches, and the piezoelectric patches convert deformation vibration generated by the shape memory conducting strip into electric energy for supplying power to the central processing assembly. The invention integrates the ocean temperature and depth salinity measurement and the self-energy supply, realizes the self-electric energy demand by utilizing the energy recovery generated during the measurement on the basis of improving the temperature and depth measurement accuracy, and further prolongs the service life of the measuring instrument.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ocean exploration, and particularly relates to a self-powered deep-sea thermohaline measuring instrument.
Background
The thermistor can be used as a temperature measuring unit due to the characteristic that the thermistor has different resistances at different temperatures, a device containing a thermistor material is placed in a monitoring sea area, deep sea temperature detection is carried out by utilizing the relation between the temperature and the monitoring voltage, and the method is a reliable and inexpensive method and can detect the temperature information of the measured sea area at the first time. However, since the frequency of the ocean temperature change is low, the general thermistor material cannot generate the resistance change which can be identified under the condition of slight temperature change, so that the high-efficiency and accurate detection cannot be carried out; and ocean monitoring facilities often need to carry out continuous dive operation, and the life cycle of the traditional underwater monitoring facilities powered by lithium batteries is generally short. Therefore, the sensitivity and the energy are influence factors for limiting the long-term accurate in-place operation of the underwater monitoring equipment, and the problem becomes a key technical problem to be solved urgently in the field.
The electric sensing material manufactured by utilizing the shape memory effect can be used for changing the resistance of the monitoring circuit by utilizing the characteristic that the electric sensing material is sensitive to temperature change and generates shape change when changing temperature, and has the advantages that the shape memory structure generates quick response when the temperature changes, and simultaneously, the voltage of the monitoring circuit is changed; the type of the electric sensing material effectively overcomes the defects that the traditional underwater temperature monitoring equipment is slow in response, low in monitoring frequency and not suitable for continuous change monitoring; and the influence of temperature on monitoring voltage can be amplified by the principle of changing resistance through deformation, so that the defect that the traditional underwater temperature monitoring equipment is poor in measurement accuracy is overcome. The piezoelectric material manufactured by utilizing the piezoelectric effect can be used for generating electric energy by utilizing the self-generating characteristic of the piezoelectric material, and has the advantages that the weak vibration mechanical energy generated by the structure is collected by utilizing the piezoelectric principle and is converted into the electric energy, so that a power supply is provided for the sensor, and the self-supply of the whole device is ensured; the piezoelectric material effectively overcomes the limitation that the traditional monitoring equipment needs a battery or an external circuit, ensures the long-term and lasting work of the equipment and saves energy.
At present, shape memory materials have been developed and applied to the manufacture of temperature sensors, and by utilizing the shape rebound characteristic of the temperature sensors when the temperature changes, the shape memory materials and external constraint conductive components form circuits with different effective resistances, so as to form different monitoring voltage signals. Through the relation between the temperature and the monitoring voltage, the central processing component inverts the temperature of the deep sea environment outside the structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a self-powered ocean deep-temperature salt measuring instrument.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the invention comprises a temperature and depth salt measuring component and a central processing component.
The temperature and depth salt measuring assembly comprises a pressure-proof shell, a tympanic membrane, a movable pressure-bearing plate, a temperature sensitive unit, an electromagnetic patch, a shockproof spring and a measuring electrode.
The tympanic membrane is arranged at the top of the pressure-proof shell, and a measuring electrode for measuring the conductivity of the seawater is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-proof shell and is used for obtaining the salinity of the seawater;
the pressure-proof shell is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a partition plate, wherein the upper part of the partition plate is connected with a movable pressure-bearing plate through a shockproof spring, the movable pressure-bearing plate and the eardrum form a cavity, electromagnetic patches are arranged on the movable pressure-bearing plate and the partition plate, and the electromagnetic patches on the movable pressure-bearing plate are opposite to the electromagnetic patches on the partition plate to form an electromagnetic patch pair; the tympanic membrane receives seawater pressure and then transmits the seawater pressure to the movable pressure bearing plate through the cavity, and the movable pressure bearing plate generates displacement, so that the electromagnetic field between the electromagnetic patch pairs is changed to obtain the water depth of the measuring instrument.
A temperature sensitive unit is also arranged between the movable bearing plate and the partition plate, the temperature sensitive unit mainly comprises a shape memory conducting strip, and the temperature of the seawater outside the pressure-proof shell is sensed through the deformation of the shape memory conducting strip.
The upper part and the lower part of the shape memory conducting strip are provided with piezoelectric patches, and the piezoelectric patches convert deformation vibration generated by the shape memory conducting strip into electric energy for supplying power to the central processing assembly.
The central processing assembly is arranged below the partition plate, and the partition plate central processing assembly is in signal connection with the measuring electrode, the electromagnetic patch and the temperature sensitive unit.
The invention innovatively combines the ocean temperature and depth salinity measurement and the self-energy supply into a whole, realizes the self electric energy demand by utilizing the energy recovery generated during the measurement on the basis of improving the temperature and depth measurement accuracy, and further prolongs the service life of the measuring instrument. Compared with other ocean temperature and depth measurement technologies, the ocean temperature and depth measurement method has more excellent measurement sensitivity and energy consumption saving performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the temperature-sensitive unit and the external structure of the electromagnetic patch according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of structural deformation of the temperature-sensitive unit according to the present invention when the temperature changes;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the CPU according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block circuit diagram of the present invention;
in the figure: 101-pressure proof shell; 102-the tympanic membrane; 103-a movable bearing plate; 104-anti-vibration spring; 105-an electromagnetic patch; 106-a measuring electrode; 107-temperature sensitive unit; 108-central processing assembly housing, 109-partition; 201-shape memory conductive sheet; 202-a conductive stator; 203-a wire; 204-a wire; 205-set screws; 206-a via; 207-a wire; 301-piezoelectric patch; 302-piezoelectric patch; 401-data processing integrated circuit board; 402-a sensor chip; 403-a storage unit; 404-wireless signal external interface; 405-a flat cable; 406-wireless signal transmitting means.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the self-powered ocean deep salt temperature measuring instrument according to the present invention comprises a deep salt temperature measuring assembly and a central processing assembly, wherein the deep salt temperature measuring assembly comprises a pressure-proof housing 101, a top tympanic membrane 102, a movable pressure-bearing plate 103, a temperature-sensitive unit 107, an electromagnetic patch 105, a shockproof spring 104, and a measuring electrode 106; the pressure-proof shell is located the outside of measuring apparatu, the top tympanic membrane is located the topmost of measuring apparatu, the tympanic membrane is fixed all around and is played waterproof effect on the pressure-proof shell, the activity bearing plate sets up in top tympanic membrane below, the cavity that tympanic membrane and activity bearing plate are constituteed can promote the removal of activity bearing plate because of the change of external atmospheric pressure, the electromagnetism paster is located activity bearing plate lower surface and temperature sensing unit respectively by, form the electromagnetism paster pair, when the distance of electromagnetism paster changes, can produce the electromagnetic field of change, the electromagnetism paster passes through wire 207 direct connection with the central processing subassembly below baffle 109. The shockproof springs are arranged around the temperature sensitive units, the temperature sensitive units are arranged on the partition plate 109, and the measuring electrodes are arranged at the lowest part of the measuring device and are directly connected with the central processing assembly below the partition plate 109.
As shown in fig. 3, the temperature-sensitive unit includes a conductive stator 202 and a shape memory conductive plate 201, the whole body is in a box shape, the shape memory conductive plate is fixed by the conductive stators on both sides, a piezoelectric patch 302 is arranged at the inner bottom of the temperature-sensitive unit, a piezoelectric patch 301 is arranged under the movable bearing plate, and when the shape memory conductive plate is bent and deformed, the piezoelectric patches on the upper and lower sides are pressed. The shape memory conducting sheet will deform correspondingly when sensing the change of the ambient temperature, so that the temperature sensitive unit formed by the shape memory conducting sheet and the conducting fixing sheet will generate different loop resistances.
As shown in fig. 4, the central processing assembly includes a central processing assembly housing 108, a set screw 205, wires 203, 204, a through hole 206, a data processing integrated circuit board 401, a sensor chip 402, a storage unit 403, a wireless signal external interface 404, and a wireless signal transmitting device 406; the central processing assembly shell surrounds the periphery of the central processing assembly, the fixing screw is positioned right above the central processing assembly, the leads 203 and 204 are arranged at two sides of the shell, and the through hole 206 is arranged right below the central processing assembly; the data processing integrated circuit board 401 is located inside the central processing assembly, a sensor chip 402 is arranged on the circuit board, a storage unit 403 is arranged around the sensor chip 402, a wireless signal external interface is arranged at one end of the circuit board, and the wireless signal transmitting device is connected with the wireless signal external interface through a flat cable 405.
The working process of the invention is as follows: when the measuring instrument is submerged to a sea area with a certain depth, the shape change (such as bending in figure 3) of the shape memory conducting strip is caused by the temperature change of the sea area, the contact condition of the shape memory conducting strip and the conducting fixing piece is further changed, the shape memory conducting strip is like an adjustable sliding rheostat, the resistance of the monitoring circuit is changed, the changed monitoring voltage is further generated, the monitoring voltage signal is transmitted to the central processing assembly through a lead, and the temperature of the sea area is obtained through inversion. Meanwhile, the shape memory conducting strip can be converted into high-frequency vibration when being subjected to external low-frequency heat load, so that the upper piezoelectric patch and the lower piezoelectric patch are bent and extruded, and the piezoelectric patches are converted into electric energy by capturing and collecting mechanical energy of the part of vibration and stored in the central processing assembly for supplying power to the piezoelectric patches.
Under the influence of water depth, the pressure of a cavity between the top tympanic membrane and the movable pressure bearing plate is increased, the movable pressure bearing plate is pushed to move downwards, so that an electromagnetic field between the electromagnetic patches changes, the electromagnetic patches transmit the changed electric signals to the central processing assembly, the pressure intensity at the moment is obtained through inversion, and the water depth is obtained through the relation between the pressure intensity and the water depth. Meanwhile, the electrodes measure the conductivity of the surrounding seawater, and the central processing unit performs the inversion of the salinity of the sea area through the relationship between the conductivity and the salinity. Through wireless signal transmitting device, the central processing subassembly just sends degree of depth, temperature and salinity measurement result signal to monitoring platform, realizes the ocean and surveys.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the examples.
Claims (4)
1. A self-powered ocean deep salt measuring instrument is characterized in that: the system comprises a temperature and depth salt measuring component and a central processing component;
the temperature and depth salt measuring assembly comprises a pressure-proof shell (101), a tympanic membrane (102), a movable pressure-bearing plate (103), a temperature sensitive unit (107), an electromagnetic patch (105), a shockproof spring (104) and a measuring electrode (106);
the tympanic membrane (102) is arranged at the top of the pressure-proof shell (101), and a measuring electrode (106) for measuring the conductivity of the seawater is arranged at the lower part of the pressure-proof shell (101) and is used for obtaining the salinity of the seawater;
the pressure-proof shell (101) is divided into an upper space and a lower space by a partition plate (109), wherein the upper part of the partition plate (109) is connected with a movable pressure-bearing plate (103) through a shockproof spring (104), the movable pressure-bearing plate (103) and the tympanic membrane (102) form a cavity, electromagnetic patches (105) are arranged on the movable pressure-bearing plate (103) and the partition plate (109), the electromagnetic patches (105) on the movable pressure-bearing plate (103) are opposite to the electromagnetic patches (105) on the partition plate (109) to form an electromagnetic patch pair, the tympanic membrane (102) transmits seawater pressure to the movable pressure-bearing plate (103) through the cavity after being subjected to seawater pressure, and the movable pressure-bearing plate (103) generates displacement, so that an electromagnetic field between the electromagnetic patches (105) pair generates change to obtain the water depth of the measuring instrument;
a temperature sensitive unit (107) is further arranged between the movable pressure bearing plate (103) and the partition plate (109), the temperature sensitive unit (107) mainly comprises a shape memory conducting strip (201), and the temperature of the seawater outside the pressure-proof shell (101) is sensed through the deformation of the shape memory conducting strip (201);
the upper part and the lower part of the shape memory conducting strip (201) are respectively provided with a piezoelectric patch (301, 302), and the piezoelectric patches (301, 302) convert deformation vibration generated by the shape memory conducting strip (201) into electric energy for supplying power to the central processing assembly;
the central processing assembly (108) is arranged below a diaphragm (109), and the diaphragm central processing assembly is in signal connection with the measuring electrode (106), the electromagnetic patch (105) and the temperature sensitive unit (107).
2. A self-powered marine thermonatured salt gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the shape memory conducting strip (201) is fixed on the conducting fixing strip (202).
3. A self-powered marine thermonatured salt gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric patch (301) is attached to the bottom of the movable pressure bearing plate (103), and the piezoelectric patch (302) is attached to the inner bottom of the temperature sensitive unit (107).
4. A self-powered marine thermonatured salt gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the central processing component is in signal connection with a wireless signal transmitting device (406).
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| CN202011496185.1A CN112710285B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Deep sea temperature and deep salt measuring instrument with self-energy supply |
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| CN202011496185.1A CN112710285B (en) | 2020-12-17 | 2020-12-17 | Deep sea temperature and deep salt measuring instrument with self-energy supply |
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| CN112710285B CN112710285B (en) | 2022-04-05 |
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