CN112708818B - Foundry pig iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foundry pig iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112708818B CN112708818B CN201911022567.8A CN201911022567A CN112708818B CN 112708818 B CN112708818 B CN 112708818B CN 201911022567 A CN201911022567 A CN 201911022567A CN 112708818 B CN112708818 B CN 112708818B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron making, and particularly relates to cast pig iron and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims to provide cast pig iron and a preparation method thereof. The cast pig iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.50-4.20% of C, 0.35-1.40% of Si, 0.020-0.040% of P, 0.010-0.030% of S, 0.010-0.030% of V, 0.010-0.035% of Ti0.0030-0.0050% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The preparation method of the cast iron comprises the following steps: and (3) delivering the titanium slag furnace by-product into an LF furnace for slagging, heating, removing titanium, alloying, carburizing, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast iron. The method can effectively reduce the contents of sulfur, vanadium and titanium in the molten iron which is a titanium slag byproduct, and effectively increase the carbon content in the molten iron to be more than 3.5 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron making, and particularly relates to cast pig iron and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The pig iron is iron-carbon alloy with carbon content more than 2.11%, the carbon content of industrial pig iron is generally 2.11% -4.3%, and the pig iron contains elements such as C, Si, Mn, S, P and the like, and is a product smelted by using iron ore through a blast furnace. According to the different forms of carbon in pig iron, it can be divided into steel-making pig iron, cast pig iron and nodular cast iron. The pig iron has the properties of hardness, wear resistance and good castability, but is brittle and cannot be forged.
Carbon in the steel-making pig iron mainly exists in the form of iron carbide, and the section of the carbon is white, which is also called white iron; the steel is hard and brittle, and is generally used as a raw material for steel making. The carbon in the cast pig iron exists in the form of flake graphite, the fracture of the graphite is grey, generally called as grey iron, and the cast pig iron has good cutting, wear-resisting and casting performances due to the soft graphite and lubricating effect, and can be used for manufacturing various castings, such as various machine tool bed seats, iron pipes and the like. The carbon in the nodular cast iron exists in the form of spherical graphite, has excellent casting, cutting and wear resistance and certain elasticity, and is widely used for manufacturing high-grade castings such as crankshafts, gears, pistons and the like and various mechanical parts.
When a large-scale electric furnace is adopted, titanium concentrate and coke are used as raw materials to produce high-titanium slag, a byproduct molten iron is produced, the molten iron is characterized in that the content of other elements except carbon and sulfur is lower than 0.05 percent, and the molten iron is a high-quality raw material for producing foundry pig iron, but the carbon content of the molten iron is about 1.8 percent, and the sulfur is about 0.35 percent, so that the desulfurization task is heavy, the desulfurization treatment time of the LF furnace is long, the carbon content needs to be increased from 1.8 percent to 3.5 percent, the carbon increasing amount reaches 1.7 percent, the carbon increasing is difficult, and the application prospect in the production of foundry pig iron is seriously hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide cast pig iron and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides cast iron. The cast pig iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.50-4.20% of C, 0.35-1.40% of Si, 0.020-0.040% of P, 0.010-0.030% of S, 0.010-0.030% of V, 0.010-0.035% of Ti0.0030-0.0050% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the cast pig iron, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: and (3) delivering the titanium slag furnace by-product into an LF furnace for slagging, heating, removing titanium, alloying, carburizing, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast iron.
Further, the titanium slag furnace by-product is molten iron produced when titanium concentrate and coke are used as raw materials to produce high-titanium slag. The molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.1% of C, 0.05-0.15% of Si, 0.10-0.20% of Mn, 0.03-0.05% of P, 0.30-0.50% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the preparation method of the cast pig iron, slagging is to send titanium slag furnace byproducts into an LF furnace, add lime and fluorite into the furnace before power transmission, control the slag alkalinity to be 2-3 by adopting high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag after power transmission, and control the total slag amount to be 2.5-4.5%.
Preferably, the slagging time is 30-40 min.
Further, the high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55% of CaO and SiO230～40％、MgO＜5％、Al2O3＜5％、S<0.05%, and the balance impurities.
Further, the mass ratio of the lime to the fluorite is 2-4: 1.
The total mass of the added lime and fluorite accounts for 1.5-2.5% of the mass of the molten iron.
In the preparation method of the cast pig iron, the titanium removal is to add 1.8-3 kg/tFe iron scale into the furnace after slagging is finished, and the content of Ti is less than or equal to 0.03 percent after the titanium removal is finished.
In the preparation method of the cast pig iron, the ferrosilicon is added after the titanium removal is finished and the temperature in the furnace is more than or equal to 1400 ℃.
Preferably, the alloying time is 10-20 min.
Preferably, the ferrosilicon is FeSi75Al0.5-B.
According to the preparation method of the cast pig iron, the recarburization is carried out by adding a recarburization agent when the temperature in the furnace is 1510-1540 ℃, blowing argon at the bottom, controlling the argon blowing strength at 0.5-1.2 MPa, recarburizing until the carbon content is more than 3.5%, and tapping.
Further, the recarburizing agent is coke breeze particles with 80% of carbon content.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method adopts the molten iron which is the byproduct of the titanium slag furnace to smelt cast pig iron in the LF furnace, and the cast pig iron is obtained by tapping after the stages of slagging, titanium removal, alloying and recarburization and pouring. The content range of C, Si in the cast pig iron prepared by the method is wide, different grades of cast pig iron can be produced according to requirements, and simultaneously the contents of V, Ti and Al are lower. The method has simple process and low equipment requirement, the obtained product has good quality, and the utilization of high added value of the titanium slag furnace by-products is effectively solved.
Detailed Description
Specifically, the invention provides cast pig iron. The cast pig iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.50-4.20% of C, 0.35-1.40% of Si, 0.020-0.040% of P, 0.010-0.030% of S, 0.010-0.030% of V, 0.010-0.035% of Ti0.0030-0.0050% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The cast pig iron has the C content of 3.50-4.20% and the Si content of 0.35-1.40%, and can be produced into cast pig iron of different grades according to requirements.
Specifically, the invention provides a method for preparing cast pig iron from titanium slag furnace byproducts, which comprises the following steps: and (3) delivering the titanium slag furnace by-product into an LF furnace for slagging, heating, removing titanium, alloying, carburizing, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast iron.
The titanium slag furnace by-product adopted by the invention is molten iron produced when titanium concentrate and coke are used as raw materials to produce high-titanium slag; the molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.1% of C, 0.05-0.15% of Si, 0.10-0.20% of Mn, 0.03-0.05% of P, 0.30-0.50% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the slagging step of the invention, because the cast pig iron has high C content and low melting point of the molten iron, the pouring temperature is low, however, the melting point of a common smelting slag system is higher, the molten iron temperature in the smelting slagging period is higher, the combustion loss of the recarburizer at high temperature is greatly increased in the recarburization period, and more time is wasted to wait for the temperature reduction of the molten iron for pouring. The invention creatively adopts the high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag to effectively solve the contradiction among the melting point, the recarburization temperature and the pouring temperature of the slag system, simultaneously shortens the smelting period, reduces the smelting power consumption and saves the cost.
According to the titanium removal method, 1.8-3 kg/tFe iron scale is added into a furnace after slagging is finished, and the content of Ti is less than or equal to 0.03 percent after the titanium removal is finished. The use amount of the iron scale is controlled to be 1.8-3 kg/tFe, so that titanium in the iron liquid can be effectively removed.
The alloying of the invention is finished by adding ferrosilicon for 10-20 min for alloying after the titanium removal is finished and the temperature in the furnace is more than or equal to 1400 ℃. To avoid entrainment of aluminum into the iron bath from the ferrosilicon, the ferrosilicon alloy is preferably FeSi75Al0.5-B. The addition of ferrosilicon alloy is controlled according to different grades of cast pig iron.
According to the invention, in the recarburization, a recarburizing agent is added when the temperature in the furnace is 1510-1540 ℃, argon is blown at the bottom, the argon blowing strength is controlled to be 0.5-1.2 MPa, the recarburization is carried out until the C content is more than or equal to 3.5%, and iron is discharged.
In order to promote the recarburization rate of the molten iron and meet the requirement of the product on the carbon content in the molten iron, one-time slag turning operation can be carried out according to the sulfur content and the slag amount of the molten iron before recarburization, thin and thin slag with good fluidity is formed again after slag turning, and the slag amount is controlled to be 1.5%.
In order to avoid the agglomeration of the carburant, the carburant effect is poor; the situation that the carburant on the upper layer cannot be fully dissolved due to the fact that the carburant on the surface of molten iron is too thick is avoided; the recarburizer which is not contacted with molten iron is prevented from being stirred to the outside of the steel ladle to cause waste during argon blowing stirring. The carburant is added in 2-3 batches.
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
In this example, the molten iron contains 1.6% of C, 0.1% of si, 0.1% of mn, 0.046% of P, 0.336% of S, and the balance of fe and inevitable impurities.
After molten iron enters an LF furnace station, slag accounting for 1.5% of the molten iron mass (the slag is a mixture of lime and fluorite, and the mass ratio of the lime to the fluorite is 2:1) is added, power is supplied, then high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag is added to adjust the slag alkalinity to 2.0, meanwhile, the total slag amount is controlled to be 2.5%, and titanium removal is carried out after 35min of slagging. Adding 2kg/tFe iron scale, and controlling the Ti content to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent after the titanium removal is finished. Adding 20kg/tFe ferrosilicon into the LF furnace for alloying for 20min for recarburization. Carrying out one-time slag turning operation before recarburization, turning slag in the furnace as far as possible, making thin and thin slag with good fluidity again, controlling the slag amount to be 1.5%, adding 38kg/tFe coke breeze particles when the temperature in the furnace is 1510-1540 ℃, blowing argon at the bottom, controlling the argon blowing strength to be 0.5-1.2 MPa, recarburizing until the C content is more than or equal to 3.5%, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast pig iron.
The cast pig iron obtained in this example contains 3.64% of carbon, 1.25% of silicon, 0.032% of phosphorus, 0.025% of sulfur, 0.012% of vanadium, 0.035% of titanium, 0.0042% of aluminum, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
Example 2
In this example, the molten iron contains 1.8% of C, 0.11% of si, 0.12% of mn, 0.038% of P, 0.352% of S, and the balance of fe and inevitable impurities.
After molten iron enters an LF furnace station, slag with the mass of 2.0% of that of the molten iron (the slag is a mixture of lime and fluorite, and the mass ratio of the lime to the fluorite is 4:1) is added, power is supplied, then high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag is added, the alkalinity of the slag is adjusted to be 2.0, meanwhile, the total slag amount is controlled to be 3.0%, and titanium removal is carried out after 40min of slagging. Adding 2.5kg/tFe iron scale, and controlling the Ti content to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent after the titanium removal. Adding 20kg/tFe ferrosilicon into the LF furnace for alloying for 20min for recarburization. Carrying out one-time slag turning operation before recarburization, turning slag in the furnace as far as possible, making thin and thin slag with good fluidity again, controlling the slag amount to be 1.5%, adding 35kg/tFe coke breeze particles when the temperature in the furnace is 1510-1540 ℃, blowing argon at the bottom, controlling the argon blowing strength to be 0.5-1.2 MPa, recarburizing until the C content is more than or equal to 3.5%, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast pig iron.
In the cast pig iron obtained in this example, 3.56% of carbon, 1.22% of silicon, 0.029% of phosphorus, 0.021% of sulfur, 0.011% of vanadium, 0.022% of titanium, 0.0038% of aluminum, and the balance iron and inevitable impurities.
Example 3
In this example, the molten iron contains 2.0% of C, 0.13% of si, 0.15% of mn, 0.044% of P, and 0.437% of S, with the balance being iron and inevitable impurities.
After molten iron enters an LF furnace station, slag accounting for 2.5% of the molten iron mass (the slag is a mixture of lime and fluorite, and the mass ratio of the lime to the fluorite is 3:1) is added, power is supplied, then high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag is added to adjust the slag alkalinity to be 2.5, meanwhile, the total slag amount is controlled to be 4.0%, and titanium removal is carried out after 30min of slagging. 3.0kg/tFe iron scale is added, and the content of Ti is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.03 percent after the titanium removal is finished. Adding 20kg/tFe ferrosilicon into the LF furnace for alloying for 16min for recarburization. Carrying out one-time slag turning operation before recarburization, turning slag in the furnace as far as possible, making thin and thin slag with good fluidity again, controlling the slag amount to be 1.5%, adding 38kg/tFe coke breeze particles when the temperature in the furnace is 1510-1540 ℃, blowing argon at the bottom, controlling the argon blowing strength to be 0.5-1.2 MPa, recarburizing until the C content is more than or equal to 3.5%, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast pig iron.
In the cast pig iron obtained in this example, 3.62% of carbon, 1.27% of silicon, 0.022% of phosphorus, 0.016% of sulfur, 0.011% of vanadium, 0.017% of titanium, 0.0032% of aluminum, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the foundry pig iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 3.50-4.20% of C, 0.35-1.40% of Si, 0.020-0.040% of P, 0.010-0.030% of S, 0.010-0.030% of V, 0.010-0.035% of Ti0.0030-0.0050% of Al, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: feeding the titanium slag furnace by-product into an LF furnace for slagging, heating, removing titanium, alloying, carburizing, tapping, and pouring to obtain cast iron;
wherein, the slagging is to send titanium slag furnace byproducts into an LF furnace, lime and fluorite are added into the furnace before power transmission, high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag is adopted to control the slag alkalinity to be 2-3 after power transmission, and the total slag amount is controlled to be 2.5-4.5%.
2. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 1, characterized in that: the titanium slag furnace by-product is molten iron produced when titanium concentrate and coke are used as raw materials to produce high-titanium slag; the molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.5-2.1% of C, 0.05-0.15% of Si, 0.10-0.20% of Mn, 0.03-0.05% of P, 0.30-0.50% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-alkalinity anorthite refining slag comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 45-55% of CaO and SiO2 30～40％、MgO＜5％、Al2O3＜5％、S<0.05%, and the balance impurities.
4. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the lime to the fluorite is 2-4: 1; the total mass of the added lime and fluorite accounts for 1.5-2.5% of the mass of the molten iron.
5. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the titanium removal, 1.8-3 kg/tFe iron scale is added into the furnace after slagging is finished, and the content of Ti is less than or equal to 0.03 percent after the titanium removal is finished.
6. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alloying is that ferrosilicon is added after the titanium removal is finished and the temperature in the furnace is more than or equal to 1400 ℃.
7. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the recarburization, a recarburization agent is added when the temperature in the furnace is 1510-1540 ℃, argon is blown at the bottom, the argon blowing strength is controlled to be 0.5-1.2 MPa, recarburization is carried out until the carbon content is more than 3.5%, and tapping is carried out.
8. The method for producing foundry pig iron according to claim 7, characterized in that: the recarburizing agent is coke breeze particles with 80% of carbon content.
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