CN112703882A

CN112703882A - Horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine

Info

Publication number: CN112703882A
Application number: CN202011560749.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李媛; 姚德宇; 李粤; 郭超凡; 吴紫晗
Original assignee: Hainan University
Current assignee: Hainan University
Priority date: 2020-12-25
Filing date: 2020-12-25
Publication date: 2021-04-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine, which comprises a frame; the frame is provided with a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and a crushing mechanism; the first transmission mechanism is provided with a first power input shaft and a first power output shaft; the second transmission mechanism is provided with a second power input shaft and a second power output shaft; the first power output shaft is in transmission connection with the second power input shaft; the second power output shaft is in transmission connection with the crushing mechanism; gear sets are respectively arranged in the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism; the crushing mechanism is horizontal and is arranged at the rear lower part of the frame; the first transmission mechanism is used for receiving power, changing directions and then transmitting the power to the second transmission mechanism; the second transmission mechanism is used for increasing the rotating speed and transmitting power to the crushing mechanism. According to the horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine, a horizontal smashing scheme is adopted, a two-stage transmission mechanism is utilized, the rotating speed is increased, sufficient cutting force is guaranteed, the smashing performance of banana straws is enhanced, and the cutting efficiency is improved.

Description

Horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine.

Background

Bananas are tropical fruits and are mainly planted in China in Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan provinces and the like. China is one of the ancient countries for cultivating bananas, and meanwhile, the banana planting industry is increasingly developed into an extremely important economic support industry in tropical regions of south Asia. Especially in the agricultural economy in the Hainan area, the banana growing industry plays a very important role.

Bananas are a tropical economic crop, and the plants are large-scale herbs and have the characteristics of short growth cycle, high yield and the like. But with the production of large quantities of bananas each year, a corresponding number of even more banana stalks are produced. The banana straw is mainly the part of banana land and mainly comprises the root, stem and leaf of banana. The banana straw contains rich nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and other trace elements, and is an essential element for the growth of bananas. After the banana straws are smashed and returned to the field, the banana straws can be converted into a good organic fertilizer, elements contained in the straws can be absorbed and utilized by the growth of bananas again, the vitality of banana plants is improved, and the yield is increased. Meanwhile, the banana straw has higher fiber content, and can be used for papermaking, feed, medical use and the like.

However, due to the development limitations, there is also no suitable machine for processing banana stalks. At present, banana straws are treated in most areas of China by a method based on manual labor, so that a large amount of banana straws are discarded or incinerated. Therefore, not only are good resources wasted, but also the environment is greatly polluted, and simultaneously, a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted, and the working efficiency is reduced. Some banana growers pick bananas, directly stack the banana straws in the field, dry the banana straws in the air after the banana straws are dried, and then burn the banana straws on the spot. Therefore, the accumulated banana straws not only influence the passage of roads in the field, but also easily cause the deterioration and the rot of the banana straws after long-time accumulation, thereby improving the possibility of plant diseases and insect pests in the banana field. The straw residues left after burning are left in the field, which can cause soil hardening, reduce the nutrients of the soil, bring irreversible influence on the planting and growth of the next banana, and cause the reduction of the banana yield and the insufficient market competitiveness.

The banana straw returning machine is vigorously developed, and not only is the banana farmers improved in working efficiency, but also the labor burden of the banana farmers is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved. Meanwhile, straw returning is also an important part of protective farming technology, and is an environment-friendly technology for reducing atmospheric pollution, improving soil fertility and accelerating the pace of agricultural development in China under the current situation of China.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine, which adopts a horizontal smashing scheme, utilizes a two-stage transmission mechanism, improves the rotating speed, ensures enough cutting force, enhances the smashing performance of banana straws, improves the cutting efficiency and improves the utilization rate of power provided by a dragging mechanism.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a horizontal banana straw crushing and returning machine comprises a frame; the frame is provided with a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and a crushing mechanism; the first transmission mechanism is provided with a first power input shaft and a first power output shaft; the second transmission mechanism is provided with a second power input shaft and a second power output shaft; the first power output shaft is in transmission connection with the second power input shaft; the second power output shaft is in transmission connection with the crushing mechanism; gear sets are respectively arranged in the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism; the crushing mechanism is horizontal and is arranged at the rear lower part of the rack; the first transmission mechanism is used for receiving power, changing directions and transmitting the power to the second transmission mechanism; the second transmission mechanism is used for increasing the rotating speed and transmitting power to the crushing mechanism.

The gear set of the first transmission mechanism comprises a first bevel gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the first power input shaft, a second bevel gear which is meshed with the first bevel gear, a first transmission shaft which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the second bevel gear, a first transmission gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the first transmission shaft, and a second transmission gear which is meshed with the first transmission gear; the first power output shaft is coaxially and synchronously connected with the second transmission gear in a rotating way; the length direction of the first power input shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the first power output shaft.

The transmission ratio of the first bevel gear to the second bevel gear is 1; the transmission ratio of the first transmission gear to the second transmission gear is 1.

The gear set of the second transmission mechanism comprises a third transmission gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the second power input shaft, a fourth transmission gear meshed with the third transmission gear, a fifth transmission gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the fourth transmission gear, and a sixth transmission gear meshed with the fifth transmission gear; the second power output shaft is coaxially and synchronously connected with the sixth transmission gear in a rotating way; the length direction of the second power input shaft is parallel to that of the second power output shaft; the transmission ratio of the third transmission gear to the fourth transmission gear is less than 1; the transmission ratio of the fifth transmission gear to the sixth transmission gear is less than 1.

The frame comprises a bracket; the bracket consists of cross beams on the front side and the rear side and side plates on the left side and the right side; the first transmission mechanism further comprises a first gearbox body; the first transmission mechanism is arranged between the cross beams on the front side and the rear side through a first gearbox body; the second transmission mechanism further comprises a second gearbox body; the second transmission mechanism is mounted on the side plate through a second gearbox body.

The rack further comprises a suspension mechanism; the suspension mechanism comprises a first connecting seat arranged above the bracket; an upper connecting frame is also arranged between the cross beams on the front side and the rear side of the bracket; suspension connecting parts are further arranged between the first connecting seat and the cross beam on the front side of the support and between the first connecting seat and the middle position of the upper connecting frame, and are used for fixing the first connecting seat relative to the support; a second connecting seat is also arranged on the cross beam at the front side of the bracket; the two second connecting seats are distributed left and right; the first connecting seat and the two second connecting seats are used for forming a three-point suspension connecting structure.

The rack also comprises a walking mechanism; the travelling mechanism comprises travelling wheels; the walking wheel is arranged below the front side of the support.

The walking mechanism also comprises a fixed plate, a connecting piece of a cross beam for fixing the fixed plate on the front side of the bracket, an outer rod fixed on the fixed plate in the vertical direction, and an inner rod arranged in the outer rod in a penetrating manner; the travelling wheels are arranged at the bottom end of the inner rod; the top end of the outer rod is provided with an upper cover; the walking mechanism also comprises an adjusting rod; the adjusting rod penetrates through the upper cover of the outer rod from top to bottom, and the bottom end of the adjusting rod abuts against the top side of the inner rod; the adjusting rod is in threaded fit with the upper cover and used for adjusting the length of the adjusting rod extending into the outer rod through rotating the adjusting rod, and further adjusting the length of the inner rod located in the outer rod.

The crushing mechanism comprises a crushing rotating shaft in the left and right directions; a plurality of groups of crushing cutters distributed along the length direction of the crushing rotating shaft are circumferentially arranged on the side surface of the crushing rotating shaft; the crushing cutter is fixed on the crushing rotating shaft through a cutter holder.

The crushing cutter comprises a cutter body and a cutter handle used for being installed with the cutter holder; the knife body is in a horn shape and is provided with an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface; the concave surface is provided with a cutting edge; in the two adjacent groups of crushing knives, the knife bodies of one group of crushing knives are bent leftwards relative to the knife handle, and the knife bodies of the other group of crushing knives are bent rightwards relative to the knife handle.

The invention has the advantages that: according to the horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine, a horizontal smashing scheme is adopted, a secondary transmission mechanism is utilized, the rotating speed is increased, sufficient cutting force is guaranteed, the smashing performance of banana straws is enhanced, the cutting efficiency is improved, and the utilization rate of power provided by a dragging mechanism is improved; the whole structure is compact, the use is convenient, the disassembly and the assembly are easy, and the maintenance is convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a horizontal banana straw chopper in an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another angle of the horizontal banana straw chopper in accordance with the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a frame of the horizontal banana straw chopper in accordance with the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a first transmission mechanism of the horizontal banana straw chopper, according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first transmission mechanism of the horizontal banana straw chopper and returning machine;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the second transmission mechanism of the horizontal banana straw chopper and returning machine;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a shredding mechanism of the horizontal banana straw shredding and returning machine according to the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a crushing blade of the horizontal banana straw crushing and returning machine according to the embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of a smashing knife of the horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine according to the embodiment.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the present embodiment provides a horizontal banana straw chopper, which is installed at the rear side of a dragging mechanism and comprises a frame 1; the machine frame 1 is provided with a first transmission mechanism 2, a second transmission mechanism 3 and a crushing mechanism 4; the first transmission mechanism is provided with a first power input shaft 202 and a first power output shaft 203; the second transmission mechanism 3 is provided with a second power input shaft 302 and a second power output shaft 303; the first power output shaft 203 is in transmission connection with a second power input shaft 302; the second power output shaft 303 is in transmission connection with the crushing mechanism 4; gear sets are respectively arranged in the first transmission mechanism 2 and the second transmission mechanism 3; the crushing mechanism 4 is horizontal and is arranged at the rear lower part of the rack 1; the first transmission mechanism 2 is used for receiving the power of a dragging mechanism (such as a wheel tractor), reversing the power and transmitting the power to a second transmission mechanism; the second transmission mechanism is used for increasing the rotating speed and transmitting power to the crushing mechanism.

The present embodiment proposes a two-stage speed change transmission constituted by the first transmission mechanism 2 and the second transmission mechanism 3, whereby the rotation speed is changed to increase the cutting force appropriately.

As further shown in fig. 3 and 4, the gear set of the first transmission mechanism 2 includes a first bevel gear 204 rotating coaxially and synchronously with the first power input shaft 202, a second bevel gear 205 meshing with the first bevel gear 205, a first transmission gear 206 rotating coaxially and synchronously with the second bevel gear 205, a first transmission gear 207 rotating coaxially and synchronously with the first transmission gear 206, and a second transmission gear 208 meshing with the first transmission gear 207; the first power output shaft 203 is coaxially and synchronously connected with a second transmission gear 208 in a rotating way; the length direction of the first power input shaft 202 is vertical to that of the first power output shaft 203; wherein, the second transmission gear 208 is positioned below the first transmission gear 207; the transmission ratio of the first bevel gear 204 to the second bevel gear 205 is 1; the transmission ratio of the first transmission gear 207 to the second transmission gear 208 is equal to 1; the first transmission mechanism 2 converts power rotating around the front-rear direction as an axis into power rotating around the left-right direction as an axis.

As shown in fig. 6, the gear set of the second transmission mechanism 3 includes a third transmission gear 304 rotating coaxially and synchronously with the second power input shaft 302, a fourth transmission gear 305 engaged with the third transmission gear 304, a fifth transmission gear 306 rotating coaxially and synchronously with the fourth transmission gear 305, and a sixth transmission gear 307 engaged with the fifth transmission gear 306; the second power output shaft 303 is coaxially and synchronously connected with a sixth transmission gear 307 in a rotating mode; the length direction of the second power input shaft 302 is parallel to that of the second power output shaft 303; wherein the fourth transmission gear 305 is positioned below the third transmission gear 304; the sixth transmission gear 307 is positioned below the fifth transmission gear 306; the transmission ratio of the third transmission gear 304 to the fourth transmission gear 305 is less than 1; the transmission ratio of the fifth transmission gear 306 to the sixth transmission gear 307 is less than 1; the rotating speed of the second power output shaft can be greatly increased through the second transmission mechanism 3, so that the rotating speed of the crushing mechanism is increased; because the output horsepower of the dragging mechanism (such as a wheel tractor) is large, when the crushing mechanism is driven synchronously to cut, the general rotating speed is not high, so that the output horsepower of the dragging mechanism cannot be fully utilized by the crushing mechanism (similar to a large horse-drawn trolley), and the rotating speed of the crushing mechanism can be greatly improved through the matching of the first transmission mechanism 2 and the second transmission mechanism 3, so that the torque can be properly reduced, the output horsepower of the dragging mechanism can be fully utilized, and the utilization efficiency of power is improved; meanwhile, the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism can improve the rotating speed of the crushing mechanism, so that the output rotating speed of the dragging mechanism is not in strict demand, the returning machine can be matched with the dragging mechanism which only can provide a low-rotating-speed power source, and the application range of the returning machine is improved.

As further shown in fig. 3, the frame 1 comprises a support 11; the bracket 11 is composed of a cross beam 111 at the front side and the rear side and a side plate 112 at the left side and the right side; the first transmission 2 further includes a first transmission case 201; the first transmission mechanism 2 is arranged between the cross beams on the front side and the rear side through a first gearbox body 201; the second transmission mechanism 3 further includes a second transmission case 301; the second transmission mechanism 3 is mounted on the side plate through a second gearbox body 301; in the embodiment, the bracket 11 is square, and the second transmission mechanisms 3 are two side plates 112 respectively installed on the left and right sides; the first bevel gear 204, the second bevel gear 205, the first transmission gear 206, the first transmission gear 207 and the second transmission gear 208 are all arranged in the first gearbox body 201, the first power input shaft 202 passes through the front side surface of the first gearbox body 201 and is mounted with the front side surface of the first gearbox body 201 through a bearing, two ends of the first power output shaft 203 are correspondingly mounted with the left side surface and the right side surface of the first gearbox body 201 through a bearing, and two ends of the first transmission shaft 206 respectively pass through the left side surface and the right side surface of the first gearbox body 201 and are correspondingly mounted with the left side surface and the right side surface of the first gearbox body 201 through a bearing; the third transmission gear 304, the fourth transmission gear 305, the fifth transmission gear 306 and the sixth transmission gear 307 are all arranged in the second gearbox body 301, the second power input shaft 302 passes through the left (or right) side surface of the second gearbox body 301 and is mounted with the left and right side surfaces of the second gearbox body 301 through bearings, and the rotating shafts of the fourth transmission gear 305 and the fifth transmission gear 306 are mounted with the left and right side surfaces of the second gearbox body 301 through bearings; the second power take-off shaft 303 passes through the left (or right) side surface of the second transmission case 301 and is mounted to both left and right side surfaces of the second transmission case 301 through bearings.

As further shown in fig. 3, the frame 1 further comprises a suspension mechanism 12; the suspension mechanism 12 includes a first connecting seat 121 disposed above the bracket 11; an upper connecting frame 113 is further arranged between the cross beams 111 at the front side and the rear side of the bracket 11; suspension connecting parts 122 are further arranged between the first connecting seat 121 and the cross beam 111 at the front side of the bracket 11 and between the first connecting seat 121 and the middle position of the upper connecting frame 113, and are used for fixing the first connecting seat 121 relative to the bracket 11; a second connecting seat 114 is further arranged on the front cross beam 111 of the bracket 11; the two second connecting seats 114 are distributed left and right; the first connecting seat 121 and the two second connecting seats 114 are used for forming a three-point suspension connecting structure; in the present embodiment, the first connecting seat 121 is located right above the bracket front cross member 111; the upper connecting frame 113 is an upwardly convex arched plate-shaped structure, and the rear end of the upper connecting frame 4 is fixed with the rear cross beam and the front end is fixed with the front cross beam; the upper connecting frame 113 is provided with a mounting hole near the middle; two upper connecting frames 113 are arranged, one left and one right are fixed on the bracket 11; the suspension connection 122 may be a connection plate divided into two suspension connections on the front side and two suspension connections on the rear side; the top ends of the suspension connecting portions 122 are fixed to the first connecting seats 121, and the bottom ends of the two suspension connecting portions on the front side, i.e., left and right, are fixed to the cross beam on the front side of the bracket 11 by fasteners such as bolts; the bottom ends of the two suspension connecting parts at the rear side are also fixed with the positions, close to the middle, of the corresponding upper connecting frames 113 by fasteners such as bolts, and the like, so that the suspension mechanism 12 and the bracket 11 are of detachable structures, and the maintenance is convenient; in addition, the second connecting seat 114 may also be a fixing plate as shown in fig. 3, and the front end of the upper connecting frame 113 is also configured to have the same structure as the second connecting seat 114, so that the second connecting seat 114 forms two U-shaped arms, which is convenient for connecting with a towing mechanism (e.g., a wheeled tractor); the first connecting seat 121 is also a two-plate structure, the two plate structures are distributed left and right, and the top sides are connected through a top plate, so that the first connecting seat 121 also forms two U-shaped arms, and is conveniently connected with a towing mechanism (such as a wheeled tractor); the three-point suspension connecting structure designed according to the mode has strong universality and can be matched with tractors of different models.

As shown in fig. 3, the frame 1 further includes a traveling mechanism 13; the travelling mechanism 13 comprises travelling wheels 131; the travelling wheels 131 are arranged below the front side of the bracket 11; the traveling mechanism 13 further includes a fixing plate 132, a connecting member 133 for fixing the fixing plate 132 to the cross beam 111 at the front side of the bracket 11, an outer rod 134 fixed to the fixing plate 132 in the vertical direction, and an inner rod 135 inserted into the outer rod 134; the travelling wheels 131 are arranged at the bottom end of the inner rod 135; the top end of the outer rod 134 is provided with an upper cover; the walking mechanism 13 further comprises an adjusting rod 136; the adjusting rod 136 passes through the upper cover of the outer rod 134 from top to bottom, and the bottom end of the adjusting rod 136 abuts against the top side of the inner rod 135; the adjusting rod 136 is in threaded fit with the upper cover and is used for adjusting the length of the adjusting rod 136 extending into the outer rod 134 by rotating the adjusting rod 136, so as to adjust the length of the inner rod 135 positioned in the outer rod 134; the cross sections of the outer rod and the inner rod are square, so that the relative rotation of the outer rod and the inner rod can be prevented; the rear side of the fixing plate 132 is closely attached to the front end face of the front cross beam 111, the connecting member 133 may be a U-shaped hoop, as shown in fig. 3, two U-shaped hoops may be provided, one left U-shaped hoop and one right U-shaped hoop, the U-shaped hoops are sleeved on the cross beam in the up-down direction, and two arms of the U-shaped hoops pass through the fixing plate 132 one above the other and are screwed by nuts, so that the fixing plate 132 can be firmly fixed on the cross beam, and of course, other fixing methods may also be adopted; the adjusting rod 136 is a zigzag bending structure, and has vertical rod parts parallel to each other at the upper and lower sides and a flat rod part (similar to a rocking handle) located between the two vertical rods; wherein, the vertical rod part at the lower side is provided with an external thread, and the central position of the upper cover is provided with a threaded through hole; the lower side vertical rod of the adjusting rod 136 is in threaded fit with the upper cover, when the height needs to be adjusted (actually, the whole length of the outer rod and the inner rod is adjusted), the lower side vertical rod is rotated through the upper side vertical rod, the bottom end of the adjusting rod is abutted to the top end of the inner rod, the length of the vertical rod extending into the outer rod can be lengthened or shortened due to the rotation of the vertical rod, the length of the inner rod in the outer rod is shortened or lengthened under the action of the adjusting rod or the gravity of the outer rod and the peripheral structure, the whole length of the outer rod and the inner rod is further adjusted to be lengthened or shortened, and the supporting height of the walking wheel is further adjusted; the towing mechanism with different heights can be adapted by adjusting the height of the travelling wheel, namely adjusting the distance between the front end of the frame and the ground.

As shown in fig. 7 to 9, the crushing mechanism 40 includes a crushing rotation shaft 41 in the left-right direction; a plurality of groups of crushing blades 43 distributed along the length direction of the crushing rotating shaft 41 are arranged on the side surface of the crushing rotating shaft 41 in the circumferential direction; the crushing knife 43 is fixed on the crushing rotating shaft 41 through a knife holder 42; in the embodiment, the crushing mechanism is provided with four groups of crushing knives, and each group comprises four crushing knives; in the length direction of the pulverizing rotary shaft 41, the intervals between two adjacent pulverizing knives are substantially the same; in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the crushing rotating shaft 41, two adjacent crushing blades 43 are located on substantially the same circumference; the blade holder is two fixed plates, and the fixed side of smashing the sword is pressed from both sides between two fixed plates to it is fixed to lock through fasteners such as bolt, has guaranteed promptly that smashing the sword by firmly fixed, still can in time dismouting change when smashing the sword and go wrong.

As shown in fig. 8 to 9, the crushing blade 43 includes a blade body 431 and a blade holder 432 to be attached to the blade holder 42; the cutter body 431 is in a horn shape and is provided with an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface; the concave surface is provided as a cutting edge 433; in the two adjacent sets of crushing knives 43, the knife body of one set of crushing knife 43 is bent leftwards relative to the knife handle, and the knife body of the other set of crushing knife 43 is bent rightwards relative to the knife handle, wherein the bending angle α is 10 to 45 °, in addition, it is also noted that the knife body 431 is in a horn shape, which means that the knife body is in a horn shape when viewed from the side surface, specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the knife body form a sharp corner at the top end, the front end surface and the rear end surface are both in a backward convex arc shape, and the cutting edge is arranged on the front end surface, wherein the cutting angle of the cutting edge is 15 to 30 °; the ox horn-shaped crushing cutter that this embodiment set up, crushing cutter distributes in groups according to left right direction, and the multiunit is smashed the mode that the sword distributes according to the circumferencial direction, has increased the crisscross spatial structure who smashes the sword for kibbling scope is wider, and the crushing mode of crisscross three-dimensional cutting can improve rubbing crusher structure's crushing efficiency by a wide margin, and in addition, crushing cutter adopts the design of buckling, and the length of the cutter body of multiplicable crushing cutter further improves cutting crushing performance.

When the horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine is used, the horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine is matched with a dragging mechanism such as a tractor and the like, the horizontal banana straw smashing and returning machine is stably connected with the rear end of the tractor through a first connecting seat and two second connecting seats, and meanwhile, a first power input shaft is connected with a power output shaft on the tractor through a universal joint; the front end of tractor has the device of falling of pushing away, pushes away the remaining straw after having reaped in the banana garden, and along with the walking of tractor, the crushing mechanism of the still field machine of this embodiment is taken the straw department that pushes away, and under first drive mechanism and second drive mechanism's drive, crushing sword of crushing mechanism is along with smashing the high-speed rotatory straw that cuts of pivot, and then realizes that banana straw mechanization is smashed and is returned the field.

The above embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a still field machine is smashed to horizontal banana straw which characterized in that: comprises a frame; the frame is provided with a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and a crushing mechanism; the first transmission mechanism is provided with a first power input shaft and a first power output shaft; the second transmission mechanism is provided with a second power input shaft and a second power output shaft; the first power output shaft is in transmission connection with the second power input shaft; the second power output shaft is in transmission connection with the crushing mechanism; gear sets are respectively arranged in the first transmission mechanism and the second transmission mechanism; the crushing mechanism is horizontal and is arranged at the rear lower part of the rack; the first transmission mechanism is used for receiving power, changing directions and transmitting the power to the second transmission mechanism; the second transmission mechanism is used for increasing the rotating speed and transmitting power to the crushing mechanism.

2. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gear set of the first transmission mechanism comprises a first bevel gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the first power input shaft, a second bevel gear which is meshed with the first bevel gear, a first transmission shaft which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the second bevel gear, a first transmission gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the first transmission shaft, and a second transmission gear which is meshed with the first transmission gear; the first power output shaft is coaxially and synchronously connected with the second transmission gear in a rotating way; the length direction of the first power input shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the first power output shaft.

3. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the transmission ratio of the first bevel gear to the second bevel gear is 1; the transmission ratio of the first transmission gear to the second transmission gear is 1.

4. The horizontal banana straw chopper as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the gear set of the second transmission mechanism comprises a third transmission gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the second power input shaft, a fourth transmission gear meshed with the third transmission gear, a fifth transmission gear which coaxially and synchronously rotates with the fourth transmission gear, and a sixth transmission gear meshed with the fifth transmission gear; the second power output shaft is coaxially and synchronously connected with the sixth transmission gear in a rotating way; the length direction of the second power input shaft is parallel to that of the second power output shaft; the transmission ratio of the third transmission gear to the fourth transmission gear is less than 1; the transmission ratio of the fifth transmission gear to the sixth transmission gear is less than 1.

5. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the frame comprises a bracket; the bracket consists of cross beams on the front side and the rear side and side plates on the left side and the right side; the first transmission mechanism further comprises a first gearbox body; the first transmission mechanism is arranged between the cross beams on the front side and the rear side through a first gearbox body; the second transmission mechanism further comprises a second gearbox body; the second transmission mechanism is mounted on the side plate through a second gearbox body.

6. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the rack further comprises a suspension mechanism; the suspension mechanism comprises a first connecting seat arranged above the bracket; an upper connecting frame is also arranged between the cross beams on the front side and the rear side of the bracket; suspension connecting parts are further arranged between the first connecting seat and the cross beam on the front side of the support and between the first connecting seat and the middle position of the upper connecting frame, and are used for fixing the first connecting seat relative to the support; a second connecting seat is also arranged on the cross beam at the front side of the bracket; the two second connecting seats are distributed left and right; the first connecting seat and the two second connecting seats are used for forming a three-point suspension connecting structure.

7. The horizontal banana straw chopper as claimed in claim 5 or 6, wherein: the rack also comprises a walking mechanism; the travelling mechanism comprises travelling wheels; the walking wheel is arranged below the front side of the support.

8. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the walking mechanism also comprises a fixed plate, a connecting piece of a cross beam for fixing the fixed plate on the front side of the bracket, an outer rod fixed on the fixed plate in the vertical direction, and an inner rod arranged in the outer rod in a penetrating manner; the travelling wheels are arranged at the bottom end of the inner rod; the top end of the outer rod is provided with an upper cover; the walking mechanism also comprises an adjusting rod; the adjusting rod penetrates through the upper cover of the outer rod from top to bottom, and the bottom end of the adjusting rod abuts against the top side of the inner rod; the adjusting rod is in threaded fit with the upper cover and used for adjusting the length of the adjusting rod extending into the outer rod through rotating the adjusting rod, and further adjusting the length of the inner rod located in the outer rod.

9. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the crushing mechanism comprises a crushing rotating shaft in the left-right direction, and the crushing rotating shaft is coaxially and synchronously connected with the second power output shaft in a rotating manner; a plurality of groups of crushing cutters distributed along the length direction of the crushing rotating shaft are circumferentially arranged on the side surface of the crushing rotating shaft; the crushing cutter is fixed on the crushing rotating shaft through a cutter holder.

10. The horizontal banana straw chopping and returning machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: the crushing cutter comprises a cutter body and a cutter handle used for being installed with the cutter holder; the knife body is in a horn shape and is provided with an outer convex surface and an inner concave surface; the concave surface is provided with a cutting edge; in the two adjacent groups of crushing knives, the knife bodies of one group of crushing knives are bent leftwards relative to the knife handle, and the knife bodies of the other group of crushing knives are bent rightwards relative to the knife handle.