CN112698256A - Active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of magnetic resonance imaging equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of magnetic resonance imaging equipment, which belongs to the technical field of nuclear magnetic resonance and comprises an electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor, a preamplifier, a signal conditioning circuit, a signal acquisition circuit and a noise processing module which are sequentially connected; the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor is used for acquiring electromagnetic noise signal data in a magnetic resonance imaging system in real time, performing low-noise high-gain amplification through a preamplifier, performing high-pass and low-pass filtering processing through a signal conditioning circuit, and finally sampling a signal by using a signal acquisition circuit; the noise processing module is used for suppressing or eliminating the electromagnetic noise received in the magnetic resonance radio frequency receiving coil according to the electromagnetic noise signal data. The invention can effectively remove the electromagnetic noise in the magnetic resonance imaging system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear magnetic resonance, and relates to an active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of magnetic resonance imaging equipment.
Background
Currently, a magnetic resonance imaging system needs to work in a special shielding environment (for example, a special shielding room, a shielding cabin, a shielding cage, and the like), and the shielding system greatly increases the weight and the volume of the magnetic resonance system while improving the signal to noise ratio of a magnetic resonance signal, so that the use scene of the existing magnetic resonance imaging system is limited. In order to get rid of the limitation of a shielding system, realize the light weight, miniaturization and mobility of a magnetic resonance system, and facilitate the deployment of the magnetic resonance imaging system in any unmasked but needed department and ambulance of a hospital and the bedside monitoring, the active noise reduction problem of electromagnetic noise needs to be solved. Because the magnetic resonance imaging system generally works in a complex electromagnetic environment with multiple noise sources, the electromagnetic noise is dynamic, the frequency band of the noise sometimes overlaps with the frequency band of the magnetic resonance signal, and the intensity of the noise signal is close to or even higher than that of the magnetic resonance signal, the traditional frequency domain filtering or threshold denoising method cannot effectively remove the electromagnetic noise and even can filter useful magnetic resonance signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus, which reduces or eliminates the influence of the electromagnetic noise on the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus without a shielding system, and can ensure that the magnetic resonance imaging apparatus is used in any environment without shielding, and at the same time, the weight and volume of the whole system are greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of magnetic resonance imaging equipment comprises an electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor, a preamplifier, a signal conditioning circuit, a signal acquisition circuit and a noise processing module which are sequentially connected; the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor is used for acquiring electromagnetic noise signal data in a magnetic resonance imaging system in real time, performing low-noise high-gain amplification through a preamplifier, performing high-pass and low-pass filtering processing through a signal conditioning circuit, and finally sampling a signal by using a signal acquisition circuit; the noise processing module is used for suppressing or eliminating the electromagnetic noise received in the magnetic resonance radio frequency receiving coil according to the electromagnetic noise signal data.
Further, the electromagnetic noise collecting sensor comprises one or more electromagnetic noise collecting coils, and the electromagnetic noise collecting coils are arranged in the magnet but outside the static magnetic field and at positions where the magnetic resonance signals cannot be received.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic noise acquisition coil is of a single-turn or multi-turn solenoid type, a saddle type, a surface type or a coil packaged on the flexible PCB, and is parallel to the radio frequency receiving coil or placed at an included angle of 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees with the central axis of the radio frequency receiving coil.
Further, the electromagnetic noise collection sensor comprises one or more current sensors coupled to each internal connection line location; each of the internal connection line positions includes: the device power line and spectrometer and gradient power amplifier connecting wire, spectrometer and radio frequency power amplifier connecting wire, radio frequency power amplifier and radio frequency coil connecting wire, gradient power amplifier and gradient coil connecting wire.
Further, the current sensor is one or more of an open-loop or closed-loop hall current sensor, a single magnetic ring, a double magnetic ring, a multi-magnetic ring nested or shielded double-magnetic ring flux gate current sensor and a current transformer.
Furthermore, the electromagnetic noise collection sensor comprises one or more electric field coupling sensors, is placed on a power supply line of the equipment, and collects noise which is coupled to the magnetic resonance signal collection channel in a displacement current mode through stray distribution capacitance between the external interference source and the trunk of the human body.
Further, the electric field coupling sensor is one or more of an induction electrode type electric field sensor, a spherical electric field sensor and an electric field sensor based on a photoelectric effect.
Furthermore, the electric field coupling sensor is an electric field coupling sensor with double differential output of induction electrodes, and comprises an annular sensor carrier plate, wherein a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate is arranged at the center of the sensor carrier plate, the sensor induction electrodes are etched on the PCB substrate, and the electric field coupling sensor is sleeved on a power supply line.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition circuit is composed of a sampling card or an FPGA and a peripheral circuit thereof.
Further, the noise processing module comprises the following working steps:
analyzing the measured electromagnetic noise signals in a frequency domain or a wavelet domain and extracting the characteristics of the electromagnetic noise signals, and further calculating to obtain a transfer matrix which enables the noise data difference between a radiation noise detection channel and a magnetic resonance signal channel to be minimum by utilizing an optimization algorithm from a frequency range on each frequency domain or a frequency range corresponding to each decomposition layer in wavelet analysis, wherein the optimization algorithm comprises a least square method and a gradient descent method; the noise transfer matrix is used for converting real-time electromagnetic noise measured by the electromagnetic noise acquisition system into electromagnetic noise suffered by the magnetic resonance imaging system, and finally, the product of real-time noise data measured by the noise acquisition system and the transfer matrix is subtracted from the magnetic resonance signal, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the magnetic resonance signal is improved;
when the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor has a plurality of channels, firstly, calculating the weight of each noise channel, at a certain moment, calculating the similarity degree of each channel noise signal and the magnetic resonance channel pure noise signal by using a Pearson correlation coefficient to represent the weight of each noise channel, and multiplying the transfer coefficient of each channel by the corresponding weight to form a transfer coefficient matrix; and finally, in the period of the echo signal, multiplying a noise signal matrix formed by each noise channel signal by a corresponding transfer coefficient matrix and subtracting the transfer coefficient matrix from the magnetic resonance signal to realize the active noise reduction of the multi-channel electromagnetic noise.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can effectively remove the electromagnetic noise in the magnetic resonance imaging system.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus in an unshielded environment subject to a plurality of sources of electromagnetic noise;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a multi-channel real-time electromagnetic noise acquisition system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic noise collection system sensor placement;
FIG. 4(a) is a structural diagram of a dual-induction-electrode differential output electric field coupling sensor; (b) an electric field coupling sensor measurement schematic diagram;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic resonance channel signal and a path of an electromagnetic noise reference channel signal;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a single channel electromagnetic noise active noise reduction algorithm.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a multi-channel electromagnetic noise active noise reduction algorithm.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The effects of multiple sources of electromagnetic noise on a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus in the environment of an unshielded system are shown in figure 1. For an unshielded magnetic resonance imaging system, a multi-channel electromagnetic noise real-time sampling system is adopted to acquire electromagnetic noise signal data of multiple noise sources, and the whole system block diagram is shown in fig. 2. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic noise acquisition system sensor placement with a plurality of electromagnetic noise acquisition coils placed near the rf receive coil of the mri system but outside of the static magnetic field to achieve the purpose of receiving ambient electromagnetic noise without receiving the mr signals for the purpose of acquiring the radiated electromagnetic noise signals of figure 2. The electromagnetic noise acquisition coil can be a single-turn or multi-turn solenoid type, saddle type, surface type or a coil packaged on a flexible PCB board and is parallel to the radio frequency receiving coil or arranged at an angle of 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and the like with the included angle of the radio frequency receiving coil and the central axis. Meanwhile, a plurality of sensors, such as a hall current sensor (open loop type, closed loop type), a fluxgate current sensor (single magnetic ring, double magnetic ring, multiple magnetic ring nesting, shielding double magnetic ring), a current transformer, etc., are coupled to the device power line and the positions of internal connection lines, such as a spectrometer and a gradient power amplifier, a spectrometer and a radio frequency power amplifier, a radio frequency power amplifier and a radio frequency coil, a gradient power amplifier and a gradient coil, etc., for acquiring the conducted electromagnetic noise signal in fig. 2. In addition, a plurality of sensors, such as an inductive electrode type electric field sensor, a spherical electric field sensor, an electric field sensor based on photoelectric effect and other electric and optical electric field coupling sensors, can be placed on a power supply line of the equipment to collect noise which is coupled to a magnetic resonance signal collecting channel in a displacement current mode through stray distribution capacitance between an external interference source and the trunk of a human body, and the noise is used for collecting space distribution capacitance effect coupling noise signals. Fig. 4(a) shows an electric field coupling sensor with differential output of two sensing electrodes, wherein 1 is a sensor sensing electrode, the sensing electrode is etched on a PCB substrate shown in fig. 2, the sensor is fixed on a sensor carrier shown in fig. 3 through an insulating screw, and 4 is a circuit locking structure made of polyurethane material and arranged coaxially with the sensor. As shown in fig. 4(b), the sensor can be directly clamped on a transmission line for measurement, and the output signal meets the self-integration condition without an additional integration circuit.
In fig. 3, the magnetic resonance signal and the noise signal of each channel are subjected to low-noise high-gain amplification by respective preamplifiers, then are subjected to high-pass, low-pass filtering and the like by a signal conditioning circuit, and finally are sampled by a signal acquisition circuit composed of a sampling card or an FPGA and peripheral circuits thereof. A schematic diagram of a magnetic resonance channel signal and a certain electromagnetic noise reference channel signal is shown in fig. 5.
Taking fig. 5 as an example, the upper graph is a magnetic resonance signal acquired by a signal channel, and the lower graph is a pure noise signal acquired by a certain noise channel, where only the magnetic resonance channel at time T2 has an echo signal, so that calibration measurement can be performed by using two sets of measurement data at time T1. Extracting wavelet characteristics or spectrum characteristics of the two groups of the data, and obtaining a transfer coefficient which enables the error of the two groups of the noise data to be minimum by using an optimization algorithm method such as a least square method or gradient descent method. Finally, by utilizing the consistency of the noise relation on time, in the period (T2) of the echo signal, the noise channel signal is multiplied by the transfer coefficient, and is subtracted from the magnetic resonance signal, so that the suppression or elimination of the electromagnetic noise can be realized, and the purpose of active noise reduction is achieved. A flowchart of a specific single-channel electromagnetic noise active noise reduction algorithm is shown in fig. 6.
When the electromagnetic noise collection system has a plurality of channels, first, the weight of each noise channel is calculated. The weight of each noise channel can be represented by the similarity degree of each channel noise signal and the magnetic resonance channel pure noise signal at the time T1 in fig. 5, wherein the similarity degree can be calculated by using a pearson correlation coefficient and the like. Then, the noise transfer coefficients of the respective noise channels and the magnetic resonance channel are calculated by the method described above. Then, the transfer coefficient of each channel is multiplied by the corresponding weight to form a transfer coefficient matrix. Finally, in the period of echo signal occurrence, the noise signal matrix formed by each noise channel signal is multiplied by the corresponding transfer coefficient matrix and subtracted from the magnetic resonance signal, thus realizing the purpose of multi-channel electromagnetic noise active noise reduction. A flow chart of a specific multi-channel electromagnetic noise active noise reduction algorithm is shown in fig. 7.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device, comprising: the device comprises an electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor, a preamplifier, a signal conditioning circuit, a signal acquisition circuit and a noise processing module which are connected in sequence; the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor is used for acquiring electromagnetic noise signal data in a magnetic resonance imaging system in real time, performing low-noise high-gain amplification through a preamplifier, performing high-pass and low-pass filtering processing through a signal conditioning circuit, and finally sampling a signal by using a signal acquisition circuit; the noise processing module is used for suppressing or eliminating the electromagnetic noise received in the magnetic resonance radio frequency receiving coil according to the electromagnetic noise signal data.
2. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor comprises one or more electromagnetic noise acquisition coils, and is placed in the magnet but outside the static magnetic field, and at a position where the magnetic resonance signals cannot be received.
3. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 2, wherein: the electromagnetic noise acquisition coil is of a single-turn or multi-turn solenoid type, a saddle type, a surface type or a coil packaged on a flexible PCB board, and is parallel to the radio frequency receiving coil or arranged at an included angle of 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees with the central axis of the radio frequency receiving coil.
4. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor comprises one or more current sensors coupled to each internal connection line position; each of the internal connection line positions includes: the device power line and spectrometer and gradient power amplifier connecting wire, spectrometer and radio frequency power amplifier connecting wire, radio frequency power amplifier and radio frequency coil connecting wire, gradient power amplifier and gradient coil connecting wire.
5. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 4, wherein: the current sensor is one or more of an open-loop or closed-loop Hall current sensor, a single magnetic ring, a double magnetic ring, a multi-magnetic ring nested or shielded double-magnetic ring flux gate current sensor and a current transformer.
6. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 1, wherein: the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor comprises one or more electric field coupling sensors, is placed on a power supply line of equipment, and acquires noise which is coupled to a magnetic resonance signal acquisition channel in a displacement current mode through stray distribution capacitance between an external interference source and the trunk of a human body.
7. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 6, wherein: the electric field coupling sensor is one or more of an induction electrode type electric field sensor, a spherical electric field sensor and an electric field sensor based on a photoelectric effect.
8. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 6, wherein: the electric field coupling sensor is an electric field coupling sensor with double differential output of induction electrodes and comprises an annular sensor carrier plate, a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate is arranged at the center of the sensor carrier plate, the sensor induction electrodes are etched on the PCB substrate, and the electric field coupling sensor is sleeved on a power supply line.
9. The active noise reduction system for reducing electromagnetic noise of a magnetic resonance imaging device of claim 1, wherein: the working steps of the noise processing module are as follows:
analyzing the measured electromagnetic noise signals in a frequency domain or a wavelet domain and extracting the characteristics of the electromagnetic noise signals, and further calculating to obtain a transfer matrix which enables the noise data difference between a radiation noise detection channel and a magnetic resonance signal channel to be minimum by utilizing an optimization algorithm from a frequency range on each frequency domain or a frequency range corresponding to each decomposition layer in wavelet analysis, wherein the optimization algorithm comprises a least square method and a gradient descent method; the noise transfer matrix is used for converting real-time electromagnetic noise measured by the electromagnetic noise acquisition system into electromagnetic noise suffered by the magnetic resonance imaging system, and finally, the product of real-time noise data measured by the noise acquisition system and the transfer matrix is subtracted from the magnetic resonance signal, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the magnetic resonance signal is improved;
when the electromagnetic noise acquisition sensor has a plurality of channels, firstly, calculating the weight of each noise channel, at a certain moment, calculating the similarity degree of each channel noise signal and the magnetic resonance channel pure noise signal by using a Pearson correlation coefficient to represent the weight of each noise channel, and multiplying the transfer coefficient of each channel by the corresponding weight to form a transfer coefficient matrix; and finally, in the period of the echo signal, multiplying a noise signal matrix formed by each noise channel signal by a corresponding transfer coefficient matrix and subtracting the transfer coefficient matrix from the magnetic resonance signal to realize the active noise reduction of the multi-channel electromagnetic noise.
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Inventor after: Xu Zheng Inventor after: Yang Lei Inventor after: He Wei Inventor after: Wu Jiamin Inventor after: He Yucheng Inventor after: Liao Yingxiang Inventor before: Xu Zheng Inventor before: Yang Lei Inventor before: He Wei Inventor before: Wu Jiamin Inventor before: He Yucheng |
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Effective date of registration: 20220119 Address after: 518057 No. 6, Keji South 10th Road, Yuehai street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Applicant after: SHENZHEN ACADEMY OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY Applicant after: Xu Zheng Applicant after: He Wei Applicant after: Wu Jiamin Applicant after: He Yucheng Applicant after: Liao Yingxiang Address before: 518063 No. 6 Nanshi Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: SHENZHEN ACADEMY OF AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY |
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