CN112696963A - Low-temperature waste heat recovery system of smelting flue gas acid making system - Google Patents
Low-temperature waste heat recovery system of smelting flue gas acid making system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112696963A CN112696963A CN202011431252.1A CN202011431252A CN112696963A CN 112696963 A CN112696963 A CN 112696963A CN 202011431252 A CN202011431252 A CN 202011431252A CN 112696963 A CN112696963 A CN 112696963A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-temperature waste heat recovery system of a smelting flue gas acid making system, which is applied to a drying tower, a first absorption tower and a second absorption tower of a dry absorption section in the smelting flue gas acid making system and comprises a working medium heat exchanger arranged in an acid circulating system of the drying tower, the first absorption tower and the second absorption tower, and a turbine generator, a condenser, a liquid storage tank and a working medium pump which are sequentially communicated with the working medium heat exchanger through pipelines, wherein organic working media are stored in the liquid storage tank, one end of the working medium pump is connected with a working medium inlet of the working medium heat exchanger, and one end of the turbine generator is connected with a working medium outlet of the working medium heat exchanger, so that a closed loop is formed. The organic working medium absorbs heat in the working medium heat exchanger to form high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is conveyed to the turbine generator through a pipeline to drive the turbine generator to generate electricity, then the high-pressure gas is liquefied to form liquid, the liquid flows into the liquid storage tank, the liquid is conveyed to the working medium heat exchanger through pressurization of the working medium pump, and the heat energy of the acid liquid in the acid circulation system is converted into electric energy in a reciprocating mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery of a smelting flue gas acid making system, in particular to a low-temperature waste heat recovery system applied to a dry absorption section of the smelting flue gas acid making system.
Background
The acid preparation by smelting flue gas is a process for preparing sulfuric acid by treating sulfur dioxide gas in the smelting flue gas in a series of ways. A common smelting flue gas acid making system comprises a purification section, a dry absorption section, a conversion section, an acid storage section and a waste acid treatment section. The main equipment of the dry-absorption section comprises a drying tower, a first absorption tower and a second absorption tower. During the drying and absorption process, the temperature of the acid liquid in the equipment is increased, so that a separate acid circulating system is arranged in each of the drying tower, the first absorption tower and the second absorption tower to reduce the temperature of the acid liquid, and the circulating mode is tower → tank → pump → acid cooler → tower. The acid cooler in the acid circulating system usually adopts a water-cooling mode, uses circulating water for cooling, and cooling water with higher temperature is treated and needs to occupy a certain field, so that the process not only causes waste heat, but also additionally increases the cost of cooling water treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provide a low-temperature waste heat recovery system of a smelting flue gas acid making system, so that waste of waste heat in the smelting flue gas acid making system is avoided.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a low-temperature waste heat recovery system of a smelting flue gas acid making system, which is applied to a drying tower, a first absorption tower and a second absorption tower of a dry absorption section in the smelting flue gas acid making system, wherein acid circulation systems are respectively arranged on the drying tower, the first absorption tower and the second absorption tower, a cooler is arranged in the acid circulation systems, and the low-temperature waste heat recovery system comprises:
a first working medium heat exchanger as a cooler in the acid circulating system of the drying tower,
a second working medium heat exchanger which is used as a cooler in the acid circulating system of the first absorption tower,
a third working medium heat exchanger as a cooler in the acid circulating system of the second absorption tower,
the working medium outlet of the first working medium heat exchanger is connected with the working medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger through a pipeline, the working medium outlet of the second working medium heat exchanger and the working medium outlet of the third working medium heat exchanger are connected with one end of the turbine generator through a pipeline, the other end of the turbine generator is sequentially connected with the condenser and the liquid storage tank through pipelines, organic working media are stored in the liquid storage tank, one end of the liquid storage tank is connected with a working medium pump, and the outlet of the working medium pump is connected with the working medium inlet of the first working medium heat exchanger and the working medium inlet of the third working medium heat exchanger through a pipeline.
Preferably, the first working medium heat exchanger, the second working medium heat exchanger and the third working medium heat exchanger are formed by assembling a plurality of groups of shell-and-tube heat exchangers or immersion coil heat exchangers.
Preferably, the turbine generator is a turbine generator or a screw generator.
Preferably, a temperature instrument, a pressure meter and a flow meter are further mounted on the pipelines among the first working medium heat exchanger, the second working medium heat exchanger, the third working medium heat exchanger, the turbine generator, the condenser, the liquid storage tank and the working medium pump.
Preferably, the inner and outer surfaces of the first working medium heat exchanger, the second working medium heat exchanger and the third working medium heat exchanger are coated with anti-corrosion materials.
Preferably, the boiling point of the organic working medium is in the range of-10 ℃ to 80 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the acid liquor circulating in the acid circulating system is in the range of 70-120 ℃.
Preferably, the pipeline is further provided with a sulfuric acid detection device for detecting whether acid liquid in the working medium heat exchanger leaks into the pipeline or not.
According to the above description and practice, the low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by smelting flue gas provided by the invention replaces the traditional water cooling mode for the cooler in the acid circulation system in the dry absorption section of the acid making system with the working medium heat exchanger adopting the low-boiling-point organic working medium, so that the heat with the low heat value generated in the acid circulation system can heat the organic working medium to form high-pressure gas, and the high-pressure gas is used for driving the turbine generator to generate electricity, thereby utilizing the heat with the low heat value generated in the acid circulation system. In addition, a working medium outlet of the first working medium heat exchanger on the dry absorption tower is connected with a working medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger on the first absorption tower, so that an organic working medium absorbing heat of acid liquor in the dry absorption tower enters the second working medium heat exchanger to further absorb heat of the acid liquor in the first absorption tower, the problem that the temperature of the acid liquor in an acid circulation system of the dry absorption tower and the acid circulation system of the first absorption tower is relatively low is solved, the organic working medium can be fully absorbed by heat from a liquid state to be in a high-pressure gas state, and the power generation efficiency of the turbine generator is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature waste heat recovery system of a smelting flue gas acid making system according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a drying tower, 2, a first absorption tower, 3, a second absorption tower, 4, a first working medium heat exchanger, 5, a second working medium heat exchanger, 6, a third working medium heat exchanger, 7, a turbine generator, 8, a condenser, 9, a liquid storage tank, 10 and a working medium pump.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments, however, may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. In the present disclosure, the terms "include", "arrange", "disposed" and "disposed" are used to mean open-ended inclusion, and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely as labels, and are not limiting as to the number or order of their objects; the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature waste heat recovery system of a smelting flue gas acid making system according to an embodiment of the invention. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system is applied to a dry absorption section in an acid making system by smelting flue gas, the dry absorption section comprises a drying tower 1, a first absorption tower 2 and a second absorption tower 3 shown in figure 1, and the temperature of acid liquor in equipment can be increased in the drying and absorption processes, so that independent acid circulating systems are arranged on the drying tower 1, the first absorption tower 2 and the second absorption tower 3 to reduce the temperature of the acid liquor, the circulating mode is tower → tank → pump → acid cooler → tower, the acid cooler is usually water-cooled, and the waste heat is not sufficient to evaporate cooling water due to the fact that the waste heat value is low (the temperature of the circulating acid liquor is usually 70-120 ℃), so that the waste heat can not be applied to a boiler generator, and waste heat is caused. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system in this embodiment is a recovery system specially for low-temperature waste heat herein.
As shown in fig. 1, in the acid circulation system of the drying tower 1, the conventional acid cooler is replaced by a first working medium heat exchanger 4, and a working medium with a low boiling point is used as a cooling liquid to absorb heat of the acid liquid in the acid circulation system of the drying tower 1; in the acid circulating system of the first absorption tower 2, replacing a traditional acid cooler with a second working medium heat exchanger 5, and adopting a working medium with a low boiling point as a cooling liquid to absorb the heat of the acid liquid in the acid circulating system of the first absorption tower 2; in the acid circulation system of the second absorption tower 3, the traditional acid cooler is replaced by a third working medium heat exchanger 6, and a working medium with a low boiling point is used as a cooling liquid to absorb the heat of the acid liquid in the acid circulation system of the second absorption tower 3. The first working medium heat exchanger 4, the second working medium heat exchanger 5 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6 are preferably in the structural form of high-pressure-resistant shell-and-tube heat exchangers or immersion coil heat exchangers. Specifically, the working medium heat exchanger can be formed by assembling a plurality of groups of shell-and-tube heat exchangers or immersion coil heat exchangers in a series or parallel mode, so that a detachable structure is integrally formed, and later maintenance work is facilitated. In addition, in order to prevent the acid liquor from corroding the working medium heat exchanger, the inner surface and the outer surface of the working medium heat exchanger are coated with anti-corrosion materials, such as epoxy resin composite material coatings and the like, so that the service life of the heat exchanger can be effectively prolonged, and the acid liquor is prevented from entering a pipeline of a waste heat recovery system to influence other equipment in the system.
Each working medium heat exchanger comprises an acid liquid inlet, an acid liquid outlet, a working medium inlet and a working medium outlet, wherein the acid liquid with higher temperature and the working medium with lower temperature respectively enter the working medium heat exchanger from the acid liquid inlet and the working medium inlet to carry out heat exchange, so that the heat of the acid liquid is replaced into a waste heat recovery system to carry out subsequent power generation and power application. Specifically, in this embodiment, the working medium outlet of the first working medium heat exchanger 4 is connected to the working medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger 5 via a pipeline, the working medium outlet of the second working medium heat exchanger 5 and the working medium outlet of the third working medium heat exchanger 6 are connected to one end of the turbine generator 7 via a pipeline, the other end of the turbine generator 7 is sequentially connected to the condenser 8 and the liquid storage tank 9 via a pipeline, wherein the liquid storage tank 9 stores organic working medium, one end of the liquid storage tank 9 is connected to the working medium pump 10, and the outlet of the working medium pump 10 is connected to the working medium inlet of the first working medium heat exchanger 4 and the working medium inlet of the third working medium heat exchanger 6 via a pipeline, so that the low-temperature waste heat recovery. The organic working medium can be a working medium with a low boiling point, so that the organic working medium can be gasified to be in a gaseous state after passing through the working medium heat exchanger and absorbing heat of acid liquid with a lower temperature in the drying tower 1, the first absorption tower 2 and the second absorption tower 3, and the turbine generator 7 is driven to do work to generate electric energy. In this embodiment, the boiling point of the organic working fluid should be in the range of-10 ℃ to 80 ℃, for example, pentafluoropropane, isobutane, isopentane, etc. may be selected.
When the device is used, the organic working medium in the liquid storage tank 9 is pressurized by the working medium pump 10 and conveyed into the working medium heat exchanger, and the organic working medium flows into the first working medium heat exchanger 4 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6 through pipelines. It should be noted that, because the heat value of the acid liquid in the drying tower 1 is low, after the organic working medium in the first working medium heat exchanger 4 absorbs the heat of the acid liquid in the drying tower 1, the organic working medium therein is conveyed to the second working medium heat exchanger 5 via a pipeline to further absorb the heat of the acid liquid in the first absorption tower 2, so that the organic working medium can fully absorb the heat. The organic working media flowing out of the working medium outlets of the second working medium heat exchanger 5 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6 absorb heat to become high-pressure gas, and then are conveyed to the turbine generator 7 through a pipeline to do work by expansion, so that the turbine generator 7 is driven to generate electric energy, then the temperature is reduced, and the organic working media are conveyed to the condenser 8 through a pipeline to be further cooled to become liquid, and finally flow into the liquid storage tank 9.
The turbine generator 7 can be a turbine generator or a screw generator, and the turbine or the screw is driven to rotate by the high-pressure gaseous organic working medium so as to generate electric energy. In order to reduce the cost, the condenser 8 may be water-cooled, but other condensing agents such as freon or condensed ammonia may be used. The structure of the condenser 8 can adopt a structural form common in the prior art, such as a coil pipe type or a spiral plate type, and the detailed description is omitted. The liquid storage tank 9 is of a closed structure, and organic working media with low boiling points are prevented from evaporating and leaking. In addition, liquid level meters can be arranged on the condenser 8 and the liquid storage tank 9, so that the reserves of the organic working medium can be observed, and the total amount of the organic working medium in the low-temperature waste heat recovery system can be conveniently controlled.
As the organic working medium absorbs heat and is evaporated into a high-pressure gas state after entering the working medium heat exchanger, in order to prevent the organic working medium from flowing backwards, check valves are arranged on pipelines of working medium inlets of the first working medium heat exchanger 4, the second working medium heat exchanger 5 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6, so that the organic working medium can only be conveyed forwards to the turbine generator 7 through the pipelines.
In addition, pipelines among the first working medium heat exchanger 4, the second working medium heat exchanger 5, the third working medium heat exchanger 6, the turbine generator 7, the condenser 8, the liquid storage tank 9 and the working medium pump 10 are also provided with a temperature meter, a pressure meter and a flow meter which are respectively used for monitoring the temperature, the pressure and the flow of the organic working medium flowing out of or into each device, so that the occurrence of abnormalities such as temperature abnormality and pressure abnormality in the waste heat recovery process can be found in time, and the system can be ensured to operate safely and stably.
In addition, the pipelines at the working medium inlets of the first working medium heat exchanger 4 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6 are also provided with electromagnetic valves for controlling the flow of the organic working medium input into the first working medium heat exchanger 4 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6, so that the flow of the input organic working medium can be adjusted in time according to the temperature and the pressure of the organic working medium output by each working medium heat exchanger. For example, when the pressure and temperature of the organic working medium output from the second working medium heat exchanger 5 and the third working medium heat exchanger 6 are low, it is proved that the organic working medium does not absorb sufficient heat in the working medium heat exchanger, and at this time, the speed of the working medium pump 10 can be reduced and/or the size of the electromagnetic valve can be adjusted, so that the flow rate and the flow velocity of the organic working medium entering the working medium heat exchanger are reduced, and the organic working medium can be ensured to fully absorb heat in the working medium heat exchanger. Of course, the electromagnetic valve at the front end of the working medium inlet can be independently adjusted aiming at the phenomenon that one working medium heat exchanger has insufficient heat absorption of the organic working medium, so that the flow and the flow speed of the organic working medium flowing into the working medium heat exchanger are only reduced.
Because the working medium heat exchanger flows through the corrosive sulfuric acid, in order to find out whether acid liquor enters the low-temperature waste heat recovery system in time to cause corrosion of other equipment such as a generator or a condenser, the pipeline is also provided with sulfuric acid detection equipment, such as an online sulfuric acid concentration detector. Whether the sulfuric acid exists in the pipeline is monitored in real time through sulfuric acid detection equipment, so that the condition of sulfuric acid leakage is found in time. Preferably, the sulfuric acid detection equipment is arranged on a pipeline at a working medium outlet of each working medium heat exchanger, so that the phenomenon of acid liquor leakage of which working medium heat exchanger occurs can be found in time.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a smelt flue gas system acid production's low temperature waste heat recovery system, is applied to on drying tower, first absorption tower and the second absorption tower of dry absorption workshop section among the system acid production of smelting flue gas, all be equipped with acid circulating system on drying tower, first absorption tower and the second absorption tower, be equipped with the cooler among the acid circulating system, its characterized in that, low temperature waste heat recovery system includes:
a first working medium heat exchanger as a cooler in the acid circulating system of the drying tower,
a second working medium heat exchanger which is used as a cooler in the acid circulating system of the first absorption tower,
a third working medium heat exchanger as a cooler in the acid circulating system of the second absorption tower,
the working medium outlet of the first working medium heat exchanger is connected with the working medium inlet of the second working medium heat exchanger through a pipeline, the working medium outlet of the second working medium heat exchanger and the working medium outlet of the third working medium heat exchanger are connected with one end of the turbine generator through a pipeline, the other end of the turbine generator is sequentially connected with the condenser and the liquid storage tank through pipelines, organic working media are stored in the liquid storage tank, one end of the liquid storage tank is connected with a working medium pump, and the outlet of the working medium pump is connected with the working medium inlet of the first working medium heat exchanger and the working medium inlet of the third working medium heat exchanger through a pipeline.
2. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first working medium heat exchanger, the second working medium heat exchanger and the third working medium heat exchanger are assembled by a plurality of groups of shell-and-tube heat exchangers or immersed coil heat exchangers.
3. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by using the smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the turbine generator is a turbine generator or a screw generator.
4. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by smelting flue gas as recited in claim 1, wherein a temperature meter, a pressure meter and a flow meter are further installed on the pipeline between the first working medium heat exchanger, the second working medium heat exchanger, the third working medium heat exchanger, the turbine generator, the condenser, the liquid storage tank and the working medium pump.
5. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by using the smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner and outer surfaces of the first working medium heat exchanger, the second working medium heat exchanger and the third working medium heat exchanger are coated with anti-corrosion materials.
6. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the organic working medium is in the range of-10 ℃ to 80 ℃.
7. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the acid liquor circulating in the acid circulating system is in the range of 70 ℃ to 120 ℃.
8. The low-temperature waste heat recovery system of the acid making system by using the smelting flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein a sulfuric acid detection device is further installed on the pipeline and used for detecting whether acid liquid leaks into the pipeline or not in the working medium heat exchanger.
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| CN202011431252.1A CN112696963A (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Low-temperature waste heat recovery system of smelting flue gas acid making system |
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| CN202011431252.1A CN112696963A (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Low-temperature waste heat recovery system of smelting flue gas acid making system |
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| CN101781998A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-07-21 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for recovering low-temperature level heat energy in acid making in sulfuric acid production |
| CN203479023U (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-03-12 | 山东宏力空调设备有限公司 | Energy-accumulating and power generating device for waste heat of carbide furnace |
| CN103983122A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-13 | 灵山县骄丰化工有限公司 | Comprehensive utilization system for waste heat and waste pressure in sulfuric acid production |
| CN104848706A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-08-19 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司 | Waste heat recovery device for acid making flue gas |
| CN105909330A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-31 | 东南大学 | Flue gas waste heat recovery and flue gas processing system based on organic Rankine cycle |
| CN106477530A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-03-08 | 扬州大学 | A kind of concentrated sulfuric acid preparation facilities based on low temperature exhaust heat organic Rankine bottoming cycle recovery type |
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2020
- 2020-12-07 CN CN202011431252.1A patent/CN112696963A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6267107A (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1987-03-26 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method for recovering waste heat of hot stove |
| CN101706095A (en) * | 2009-09-02 | 2010-05-12 | 陈祥明 | Method for recovering acid making waste heat |
| CN101781998A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-07-21 | 瓮福（集团）有限责任公司 | Method for recovering low-temperature level heat energy in acid making in sulfuric acid production |
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| CN104848706A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-08-19 | 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司金冠铜业分公司 | Waste heat recovery device for acid making flue gas |
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