CN112696431A - Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing - Google Patents

Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112696431A
CN112696431A CN202110050511.4A CN202110050511A CN112696431A CN 112696431 A CN112696431 A CN 112696431A CN 202110050511 A CN202110050511 A CN 202110050511A CN 112696431 A CN112696431 A CN 112696431A
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China
Prior art keywords
commutator
stator
winding
distributed
phase
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Pending
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CN202110050511.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王紫欣
张涛
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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Priority to CN202110050511.4A priority Critical patent/CN112696431A/en
Publication of CN112696431A publication Critical patent/CN112696431A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F16C32/0468—Details of the magnetic circuit of moving parts of the magnetic circuit, e.g. of the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0459—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • F16C32/0461—Details of the magnetic circuit of stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing, wherein three stator suspension teeth and three bias teeth embedded with permanent magnets are distributed on the inner periphery of a stator core, the three suspension teeth are different by 120 degrees, and the axis of one suspension tooth is aligned with the + X axis; the three offset teeth are 120 degrees different from each other, and the axis of one offset tooth is aligned with the-X axis; the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and a rotating shaft; 6N rhombic open inner grooves are uniformly distributed on the rotor core along the circumference, and control windings are embedded in the rhombic open inner grooves; one end of each of the two control windings with the phase difference of 180 degrees is in short circuit, and the other end of each of the two control windings is connected with a commutator bar and is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through a carbon brush. The invention provides bias magnetic flux by the permanent magnet, and provides control magnetic flux by the control winding through three-phase alternating current; the structure increases the effective area between the stator and the rotor, increases the suspension force density, has larger degree of freedom and flexibility, has large variable parameter adjusting room and has the advantage of large bearing capacity.

Description

Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-mechanical contact magnetic bearing, in particular to a distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing which can be used as a non-contact suspension support of high-speed transmission parts such as a flywheel system, a machine tool electric spindle, a centrifugal machine and the like.
Background
The magnetic bearing is an electromagnetic device which utilizes electromagnetic force to realize no mechanical contact suspension support between a stator and a rotor. The high-speed motor supported by the magnetic bearing can realize higher power and higher rotating speed operation, and has the advantages of no mechanical wear, low power consumption, low noise, long service life, no lubrication, no maintenance and the like. The magnetic bearing can be divided into an active magnetic bearing, a passive magnetic bearing and a hybrid magnetic bearing according to the principle of generating magnetic force by suspension force, compared with the active and passive hybrid magnetic bearings, the hybrid magnetic bearing adopts permanent magnetic materials to generate a bias magnetic field, and control current only provides control magnetic flux for balancing load or interference, thereby reducing the power loss of the magnetic bearing, reducing the volume of the magnetic bearing and improving the suspension force density and the bearing capacity.
The existing hybrid magnetic bearing is that stator teeth are distributed on a stator along the circumference, and concentrated windings are wound on the stator teeth, the design of the windings of the structure relates to the number of turns, the sectional area of a lead, the current density and the like, and the radial space is occupied, the radial magnetic pole area cannot be maximized, and the radial bearing capacity is small. In addition, the air gap flux density of this structure is limited by the saturation of the teeth, and cannot be increased as needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing, wherein a stator core has no winding, the winding is distributed in an inner groove of a rotor, the effective area between the stator and the rotor is increased, the suspension force density is increased, the degree of freedom and the flexibility are higher, the variable parameter adjusting range is large, and the distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing has the characteristic of compact structure.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing, which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator iron core, three stator suspension teeth A, B, C and three bias teeth X, Y, Z embedded with permanent magnets are distributed on the inner periphery of the stator iron core at intervals, the stator suspension teeth A, B, C are different by 120 degrees, and the axis of one stator suspension tooth is aligned with the + X axis; offset teeth X, Y, Z are 120 ° apart and one of the offset tooth axes is aligned with the-X axis; the rotor comprises a rotor core and a rotating shaft penetrating through the rotor core, the rotor core is in a disc ring shape, 6N rhombic opening inner grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotor core in a penetrating manner, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and control windings are embedded in the rhombic opening inner grooves; one end of each of two control windings with a 180-degree difference is in short circuit, the other end of each control winding is connected with a commutator segment in the commutator, the number of the commutator segments is equal to that of the grooves in the diamond-shaped opening, and every 2 commutator segments are connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through a carbon brush; and an air gap is arranged between the rotor iron core and the stator iron core.
Furthermore, the commutator comprises a base which is made of insulating materials, a commutator cylinder is arranged on the base, commutator segments are distributed on the surface of the commutator cylinder, the segments are mutually insulated, every two commutator segments are insulated, two ends of each carbon brush are aligned with the outer side positions of the 2 corresponding commutator segments, the chord length width of each carbon brush is equal to the width of the two commutator segments plus the insulation width between the two commutator segments, 6N commutator segments are divided into a U phase, a V phase and a W phase, when the rotor rotates, the positions of the carbon brushes are not moved, the windings are controlled to sequentially enter and leave the phases where the commutator segments are located, the number of the corresponding commutator segments under the carbon brushes is not changed, and each commutator segment is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through the corresponding carbon brush.
Further, the insulation width between the commutator segments is equal to the width of the commutator segments.
Further, the radian of the stator suspension tooth A, B, C is less than 80 ℃, the radian of the offset tooth X, Y, Z is less than 40 ℃, the radian of the stator suspension tooth is twice of the radian of the offset tooth, and the air gap offset magnetic flux density under the offset tooth is a saturation valueB sThe air gap bias flux density under the stator suspension tooth is Bs/2。
Further, taking N =2, the rotor core penetrates 12 rhombic open inner grooves uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the control winding R in the 12 rhombic open inner grooves1-R12Control winding R in rhombic open internal groove for suspension control1And R7、R2And R8、R3And R9、R4And R10、R5And R11、R6And R12Respectively connected in series, the other end is connected with a corresponding commutator segment in the commutator and is connected with a control winding R in a rhombic opening inner groove1、R2、R7、R8The 4 commutator segments are U-phase and are connected with a control winding R in the rhombic opening inner groove3、R4、R9、R10The 4 commutator segments are in V phase and connectedControl winding R in rhombus opening inner groove5、R6、R11、R12The 4 commutator segments are W phase.
Further, the rhombus opening inner groove control winding R1-R12A three-phase inverter is adopted to provide control current, and when a three-phase alternating current power supply is switched on, a magnetic flux distribution corresponding to the bias magnetic flux is generated.
Furthermore, the stator core and the rotor core are made of a whole piece of magnetic conductive material, and the permanent magnet is made of rare earth permanent magnet material.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing, a stator core of the alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing of the structure is not provided with windings, the windings are distributed in an inner groove of a rotor, the effective area between the stator and the rotor is increased, the suspension force density is increased, the degree of freedom and the flexibility are larger, the variable parameter adjusting room is large, and the structure is compact.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram of a distributed winding AC hybrid magnetic bearing commutator of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of the distributed winding type AC hybrid magnetic bearing winding according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of the split and suspension magnetic flux of a distributed winding type ac hybrid magnetic bearing according to the present invention.
The magnetic flux control device comprises a stator core 1, a permanent magnet 2, an air gap 3, a rotor core 4, a static bias magnetic flux 5, a radial suspension control magnetic flux 6, a base 7, a rotating shaft 8, a commutator segment 9 and a carbon brush 10.
Detailed Description
Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe present invention discloses a distributed winding ac hybrid magnetic bearing, which includes a stator and a rotor, as shown in fig. 1-3. The stator comprises a stator core 1, three stator suspension teeth A, B, C and three offset teeth X, Y, Z embedded with permanent magnets 2 are distributed on the inner periphery of the stator core 1, the three stator suspension teeth A, B, C are 120 degrees different from each other, and referring to the attached figure 3, the axis of the stator suspension teeth A is aligned with the axis + X; the three offset teeth X, Y, Z are 120 ° apart from each other, and the offset tooth Y axis is aligned with the-X axis; the radian of the stator suspension teeth A, B, C is twice that of the stator teeth X, Y, Z; the rotor comprises a rotor core 4 and a rotating shaft 8 penetrating through the rotor core 4; the rotor core 4 is in a disc ring shape, 6N rhombic open inner grooves are uniformly distributed on the surface of the rotor core along the circumferential edge of the rotor core, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and a control winding is embedded in each rhombic open inner groove; one end of each of two control windings with a 180-degree difference is in short circuit, the other end of each control winding is connected with a commutator segment 9 in the commutator, the number of the commutator segments 9 is equal to that of the grooves in the diamond-shaped opening, and every 2 commutator segments 9 are connected with a carbon brush 10 and then are connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply. An air gap 3 is provided between the rotor core 4 and the stator core 1. The stator core 1 and the rotor core 4 are made of a whole piece of magnetic conductive material. The permanent magnet 2 is made of rare earth permanent magnet material.
In this embodiment, the radian of the stator suspension tooth A, B, C is less than 80 ℃, the radian of the offset tooth X, Y, Z is less than 40 ℃, the radian of the stator suspension tooth is twice the radian of the offset tooth, and the air gap offset magnetic flux density under the offset tooth is a saturation valueB sAir gap bias flux density under the floating tooth is Bs/2。
The commutator comprises a base 7 which is made of insulating materials and provided with a commutator cylinder, commutator segments 9 are distributed on the surface of the commutator cylinder, the segments are insulated from each other, every two commutator segments 9 are insulated from each other, two ends of each carbon brush 10 are aligned with the outer side positions of 2 corresponding commutator segments 9, the chord length width of each carbon brush is equal to the width of the two commutator segments 9 plus the insulation width between the two commutator segments, 6N commutator segments 9 are divided into a U phase, a V phase and a W phase, when a rotor rotates, the positions of the carbon brushes 10 are not changed, windings are controlled to sequentially enter and leave the phases where the commutator segments 9 are located, the number of the corresponding commutator segments 9 under the carbon brushes 10 is not changed, and each commutator segment 9 is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through the corresponding carbon brush 10.
The width of the insulation between the segments 9 is equal to the width of the segments 9.
In the present embodiment, if N =2, that is, 12 are rhombic open inner slot windings, the number of the segments 9 is 12, and is denoted as segment c1-c1212 diamond-shaped open inner groove control windings R1-R12For levitation control, in the position shown: connecting rhombic opening inner grooveControl winding R in (1)1、R2、R7、R8The commutator segment 9 is U-phase and is connected with a control winding R in a rhombic opening inner groove3、R4、R9、R10The commutator segment 9 is V-phase and is connected with a control winding R in a rhombic opening inner groove5、R6、R11、R12The commutator segment 9 is W phase, and the control winding R in the rhombic opening inner groove1And R7、R2And R8、R3And R9、R4And R10、R5And R11、R6And R12Are respectively connected in series, the other end is connected with a commutator segment 9 in the commutator, and then is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through a carbon brush 10. See figure 2 for details of the connections.
U, V, W12 segments 9 are connected to a three-phase power supply via six carbon brushes 10, in the position shown: control winding R3And R4、R9And R10、R1And R2、R7And R8、R5And R6、R11And R12Six carbon brushes 10, which are respectively marked as carbon brushes a-f, are oppositely arranged on the corresponding commutator segment 9, two ends of each carbon brush 10 are aligned with the outer side positions of the corresponding 2 commutator segments 9, and the chord length width of each carbon brush is equal to the width of two commutator segments 9 plus the insulation width between the two commutator segments 9.
Commutator and carbon brush 10 principle: referring to fig. 1, the commutator is disposed on one side of the rotor core 4, one end of the control winding is connected to the segment 9, the segment 9 is fixed to the shaft 8 and rotates with the shaft 8, and the carbon brush a corresponds to the segment c1、c2The carbon brush b corresponds to the commutator segment c3、c4The carbon brush c corresponds to the commutator segment c5、c6The carbon brush d corresponds to the commutator segment c7、c8Carbon brush e corresponding to commutator segment c9、c10Carbon brush f corresponding to commutator segment c11、c12When the carbon brush is fixed in space and the rotating shaft 8 rotates, an alternating voltage is applied to the end 10 of the carbon brush to ensure that the carbon brush does not moveThe electric energy is transmitted to the control winding through the commutator, and through the conversion of the three-phase inverter, the current in two control winding edges under each carbon brush 10 can be ensured to be always in one direction, and the number of the commutator segments 9 under the carbon brush 10 is kept unchanged.
When the rotor rotates, the 6 carbon brushes 10 are fixed, the winding is controlled to sequentially enter and leave the phase where the commutator segments 9 are located, and the number of the corresponding commutator segments 9 under the carbon brushes 10 is unchanged.
Rhombus opening internal groove control winding R1-R12A three-phase inverter is adopted to provide control current, and when a three-phase alternating current power supply is switched on, a magnetic flux distribution corresponding to the bias magnetic flux is generated.
The permanent magnet 2 provides a static bias magnetic flux 5, and the magnetic circuit of the static bias magnetic flux 5 is as follows: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet 2, the air gap 3, the rotor core 4, the air gap 3, the stator suspension teeth, the stator core 1 and returns to the S pole of the permanent magnet 2.
Rhombus opening internal groove control winding R1-R12The radial suspension control magnetic flux 6 generated by electrifying comprises the following magnetic circuits: the stator core 1, the air gap 3, the rotor core 4 and the stator core 1 form a closed loop.
Suspension principle: the static bias magnetic flux 5 and the radial suspension control magnetic flux 6 in the radial direction interact with each other, so that the air gap magnetic field on the same side with the radial eccentric direction of the rotor is weakened in superposition, the air gap magnetic field in the opposite direction is strengthened in superposition, a force opposite to the offset direction of the rotor is generated on the rotor, and the rotor is pulled back to the radial balance position.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing comprises a stator and a rotor, and is characterized in that the stator comprises a stator iron core (1), three stator suspension teeth A, B, C and three offset teeth X, Y, Z embedded with permanent magnets (2) are distributed on the inner periphery of the stator iron core (1) at intervals, the stator suspension teeth A, B, C are different by 120 degrees, and the axis of one stator suspension tooth is aligned with the + X axis; offset teeth X, Y, Z are 120 ° apart and one of the offset tooth axes is aligned with the-X axis; the rotor comprises a rotor core (4) and a rotating shaft (8) penetrating through the rotor core (4), the rotor core (4) is in a disc ring shape, 6N rhombic opening inner grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential edge of the rotor core in a penetrating mode, N is a positive integer larger than or equal to 1, and control windings are embedded in the rhombic opening inner grooves; one end of each of two control windings with a 180-degree difference is in short circuit, the other end of each control winding is connected with a commutator segment (9) in the commutator, the number of the commutator segments (9) is equal to that of the grooves in the diamond-shaped opening, and every 2 commutator segments (9) are connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply after being connected through a carbon brush (10); an air gap (3) is arranged between the rotor iron core (4) and the stator iron core (1).
2. A distributed winding alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the commutator comprises a base (7), the commutator is made of insulating materials, commutator cylinders are arranged on the commutator cylinders, the commutator segments (9) are distributed on the surfaces of the commutator cylinders, every two commutator segments (9) are insulated, two ends of each carbon brush (10) are aligned with the outer side positions of the corresponding 2 commutator segments (9), the width of the chord length of the commutator segment is equal to the width of two commutator segments (9) and the insulation width between the two commutator segments, 6N commutator segments (9) are divided into a U phase, a V phase and a W phase, when the rotor rotates, the carbon brush (10) is fixed, the winding is controlled to sequentially enter and leave the phase of the commutator segment (9), and the number of the corresponding commutator segments (9) under the carbon brush (10) is unchanged, and each commutator segment (9) is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply through the corresponding carbon brush (10).
3. A distributed winding alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the width of the insulation between the segments (9) is equal to the width of the segments (9).
4. The distributed-winding alternating-current hybrid magnetic bearing of claim 1, wherein the stator suspension teeth A, B, C arc is less than 80 degrees, the offset teeth X, Y, Z arc is less than 40 degrees, the arc of the stator suspension teeth is twice the arc of the offset teeth, and the air gap bias flux density at the offset teeth is a saturation valueB sThe air gap bias flux density under the stator suspension tooth is Bs/2。
5. A distributed winding ac hybrid magnetic bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, taking N =2, the rotor core (4) is circumferentially perforated with 12 uniformly distributed diamond-shaped open inner slots, the control windings R in the 12 diamond-shaped open inner slots1-R12Control winding R in rhombic open internal groove for suspension control1And R7、R2And R8、R3And R9、R4And R10、R5And R11、R6And R12Are respectively connected in series, the other end is connected with a corresponding commutator segment (9) in the commutator and is connected with a control winding R in a rhombic opening inner groove1、R2、R7、R8The 4 commutator segments (9) are U-phase and are connected with a control winding R in a rhombic opening inner groove3、R4、R9、R10The 4 commutator segments (9) are V-phase and are connected with a control winding R in a rhombic opening inner groove5、R6、R11、R12The 4 commutator segments (9) are W-phase.
6. The distributed winding ac hybrid magnetic bearing of claim 5, wherein the diamond-shaped open-ended inner slot control winding R1-R12A three-phase inverter is adopted to provide control current, and when a three-phase alternating current power supply is switched on, a magnetic flux distribution corresponding to the bias magnetic flux is generated.
7. A distributed-winding AC hybrid magnetic bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stator core (1) and the rotor core (4) are made of one piece of magnetically conductive material, and the permanent magnets (2) are made of rare-earth permanent magnet material.
CN202110050511.4A 2021-01-14 2021-01-14 Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing Pending CN112696431A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110050511.4A CN112696431A (en) 2021-01-14 2021-01-14 Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110050511.4A CN112696431A (en) 2021-01-14 2021-01-14 Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112696431A true CN112696431A (en) 2021-04-23

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CN202110050511.4A Pending CN112696431A (en) 2021-01-14 2021-01-14 Distributed winding type alternating current hybrid magnetic bearing

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117307604A (en) * 2023-09-11 2023-12-29 淮阴工学院 Radial-axial magnetic circuit coupling-free three-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117307604A (en) * 2023-09-11 2023-12-29 淮阴工学院 Radial-axial magnetic circuit coupling-free three-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing
CN117307604B (en) * 2023-09-11 2024-06-11 淮阴工学院 Radial-axial magnetic circuit coupling-free three-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing

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