CN112690241B - Mus cipher rule-based salmon otolith marking method - Google Patents
Mus cipher rule-based salmon otolith marking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112690241B CN112690241B CN202110131236.9A CN202110131236A CN112690241B CN 112690241 B CN112690241 B CN 112690241B CN 202110131236 A CN202110131236 A CN 202110131236A CN 112690241 B CN112690241 B CN 112690241B
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- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000002842 otolith Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 210000001265 otolithic membrane Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 241000356847 Otolithes Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000004602 germ cell Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004373 eye development Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003578 releasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000257229 Musca <genus> Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000218236 Cannabis Species 0.000 description 2
- 108091092878 Microsatellite Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000277299 Salmoniformes Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002795 fluorescence method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000561044 Halys Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277334 Oncorhynchus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000277329 Oncorhynchus keta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003027 ear inner Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/90—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination
- A01K61/95—Sorting, grading, counting or marking live aquatic animals, e.g. sex determination specially adapted for fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a salmon otolith marking method based on Morse code rules, which is characterized in that firstly, an otolith marking map is set according to the Morse code rules, then, the germ cells of the salmon develop to the eye growing period, and the hatching water temperature is adjusted, so that the sunrise darkness and the width of the salmon otolith are formed according to the requirements of the map. The invention combines the international universal Morse code rule, utilizes the influence of water temperature on otolith veins to mark the released salmon, provides the salmon releasing marking method which is economic and practical, has high marking rate, is not easy to be confused, and has high identification rate, can mark large sample amount, and simultaneously avoids the harm to fish bodies and environment caused by medicament use. The invention can evaluate the releasing effect of the salmon more completely and more accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic organisms, and particularly relates to a salmon otolith marking method based on the Morse code rule.
Background
Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum) Belonging to the order Salmoniformes (Salmoniformes) Salmonidae (a)Salmonidae) Pacific salmon, which is a famous region of the Yangtze mountain region of Jilin provinceThe cold water nature tracing, the spawning and the migration fishes. In recent years, due to the deterioration of living environment caused by human factors such as hydraulic engineering and the like, the resources of the system are sharply reduced, and the system is in an endangered state at present. The report shows that the genetic diversity of the salmon population in the river basin is relatively rich, and the resource amount of the salmon population can be recovered by an artificial propagation mode. The artificial propagation and releasing become a selected scheme for protecting germ plasm resources of a salmon population, the fishery bureau in Jilin province has carried out artificial propagation and releasing activities of the salmon for more than ten years, and the releasing quantity per year reaches 40-50 thousands of fish.
In order to accurately evaluate the artificial propagation and releasing effect, the source of the migratory salmon is determined, so that the blind area in the sea-lowering period is filled, the first-hand data of the releasing effect is mastered, and the evaluation research of the releasing effect of the salmon is comprehensively developed since the releasing activity begins. The method for analyzing the source of the salmon includes a tail fin shearing method, a T-ID labeling method, a CWT line marking method, a VIE fluorescence method and an SSR microsatellite marking method at present; the tail fin cutting marking method only catches 3 tails for more than ten years, the T-ID marking method, the CWT line marking method and the VIE fluorescence method are large in damage to fish bodies, the SSR microsatellite marking method can accurately evaluate the releasing effect of the salmon through genetic relationship identification, but in the method, the extraction of parent and offspring genetic information is time-consuming and expensive, the professional threshold is high, a large number of professional technicians are required to support, and the practical requirements of the salmon traceability long-term and periodic evaluation cannot be met.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a more economical and accurate estimation method of the discharging effect of the salmon in actual work.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a salmon otolith marking method based on Morse code rules, which is used for improving the identification degree of otolith marking and accurately evaluating the releasing effect of salmon, thereby making up the defects of the prior art.
Otoliths are calcium crystals of the inner ear of teleosts, grow throughout their life, and are metabolically inert, and once deposited, the otolith material cannot be reabsorbed or altered. When the fish is in high ambient water temperature, the otolith ring veins belong to a wide bright band, and when the fish is in low ambient water temperature, a narrow dark band is formed, so that the otolith thermal marking is realized. The water environment temperature information of the fish passing through the whole life process can be permanently stored through otoliths. Although there is research on tracing by using otolith markers, the current technical research is limited to the formation of otolith markers, but the markers are too simple, and the problems of difficulty in complete classification of the markers, repeated markers and the like exist, so that the tracing effect is not ideal.
The Morse code is simple and clear in coding and small in ambiguity, and the coding is mainly represented by two characters: ".'," ", one short and one long. Different English letters, numbers and punctuation marks are expressed by different arrangement sequences. If the Morse code rule is applied to the otolith mark to enhance the clearness, accuracy and high identifiability of the otolith mark, the invention is a main research scheme.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
according to the method, an otolith marking map is set according to the Morse code rule, then the germ cells of the salmon develop to the eye growing period, the hatching water temperature is adjusted, and the sunwheel darkness and the width of the otolith of the salmon are formed according to the requirements of the map.
Further, the Morse cipher rule is a universal international rule and is represented by two characters: "," "-"; the encoding time length of "-" is 2 times of "-"; and different English letters are expressed by different arrangement sequences.
Further, a high water temperature period is used as a code, "-" is 24 hours, "-" is 48 hours, a high temperature mark is used, and a low water temperature period is used as an interval; the otoliths formed at the high temperature stage form bright bands, and the otoliths formed at the low temperature stage form dark bands.
Furthermore, the temperature of the hatching water is adjusted when the fertilized eggs of the salmon develop to the eye stage, and the temperature difference is preferably 2-4 ℃.
Further, the salmon hatching is running water hatching, before the hot labeling is carried out, the development condition of fertilized eggs is observed, and the water temperature is recorded;
when the fertilized eggs are developed to the stage of the eyeing stage, operating water temperature control equipment according to the implementation time of the heat marking water temperature regulation and control cycle mode; the high temperature zone is set to be 11 +/-1 ℃, the low temperature is set to be 8 +/-1 ℃, and the whole process of running water incubation is ensured.
The marking method can be applied to the source tracing analysis of the salmon so as to accurately evaluate the releasing effect of the salmon.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes Morse code rule to carry out heat marking on the salmon otolith, and can design different letter and number combinations according to requirements to mark different marking maps among groups and batches. Compared with the existing otolith marking technology, the marking rate can reach 100 percent, and the method is more suitable for salmon which is a river-sea type reproductive migration fish. According to the designed marker map, the water temperature during the artificial breeding of the salmon is adjusted, so that the otolith growth wheel has different changes according with the brightness, width and the like of the marker map, and the changes are permanently stored.
The invention combines the international universal Morse code rule, utilizes the influence of water temperature on otolith veins to mark the released salmon, provides the salmon releasing marking method which is economic and practical, has high marking rate, is not easy to be confused, and has high identification rate, can mark large sample amount, and simultaneously avoids the harm to fish bodies and environment caused by medicament use. The invention can evaluate the releasing effect of the salmon more completely and more accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Japanese wheel drawing of Musca hagata-labeled Cannabis halys helix of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a daily round of unlabeled salmon otolith of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a Japanese wheel drawing of Musca hagata-labeled Cannabis helix in example 2.
FIG. 4 is a Japanese round comparison of Musca hagata labeled with Morse code map of example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained and illustrated by means of specific embodiments and with reference to the drawings.
Example 1:
a marihua otolith marking method based on Morse code rules comprises the following steps:
(1) the otolith mark uses letter JL as a mark map, and the Morse code is as follows: cna. -. Wherein "·" is 24 hours, "-" is 48 hours, marked with high temperature; the crypt space was 24 hours, labeled at low temperature. The marking pattern is: 24H-24C-48H-24C-48H-24C-48H-24C-24H-24C-48H-24C-24H-24C-24H, wherein H represents the high temperature period, C represents the low temperature period, and the Arabic numerals 24 and 48 represent the duration (in hours).
(2) The salmon hatching process is running water hatching, before the implementation of thermal labeling, the development condition of fertilized eggs is observed, and the water temperature is recorded;
(3) when the fertilized eggs are developed to the stage of the eyeing stage, operating water temperature control equipment according to the implementation time of the heat marking water temperature regulation and control cycle mode; the high temperature region was set at 11 ℃ and the low temperature region at 8 ℃.
(4) Measuring the water temperature every 6 hours to ensure the whole process of running water incubation;
(5) after the labeling is finished, incubation and cultivation are carried out according to normal conditions.
Sample selection
Selecting 300 fertilized eggs of the eye stage of the salmon as an experimental sample and a comparative sample respectively, and treating the samples in the experimental sample according to the method;
the comparative sample was processed as follows: the comparative example was incubation at a constant temperature of 11 ℃ and the other conditions were the same as the incubation method of the experimental example.
And (4) analyzing results:
after the salmon is grown and matured through the cultivation, the otolith genealogical graph of the salmon is shown in figure 1, and bright and dark genealogical patterns are obviously formed and compared with each other, and the result is completely consistent with the designed marking mode (24H-24C-48H-24C-48H-24C-48H-24C-24H-24C-24H); whereas the daily wheel pattern of the comparative example sample is clearly not regular (as shown in figure 2). The method can obviously distinguish the experimental example from the comparative example, which shows that the method has extremely strong feasibility.
Example 2:
a marihua otolith marking method based on Morse code rules comprises the following steps:
1. the otolith mark uses a CHN as a mark map, and the Morse code is as follows: -. cndot. -. cndot.. Wherein "·" is 24 hours, "-" is 48 hours, marked with high temperature; the crypt space was 24 hours, labeled at low temperature. The marking pattern is: 48H-24C-24H-24C-48H-24C-24H-24C-24H-24C-24H-24C-24H-24C-24H-24C-48H-24C-24H, wherein H represents the high temperature period, C represents the low temperature period, and Arabic numerals 24 and 48 represent the duration (in hours).
2. The salmon hatching process is running water hatching, before the implementation of thermal labeling, the development condition of fertilized eggs is observed, and the water temperature is recorded;
3. when the fertilized eggs are developed to the stage of the eyeing stage, operating water temperature control equipment according to the implementation time of the heat marking water temperature regulation and control cycle mode; the high temperature region was set at 11 ℃ and the low temperature region at 8 ℃.
4. Measuring the water temperature every 6 hours to ensure the whole process of running water incubation;
5. after the labeling is finished, incubation and cultivation are carried out according to normal conditions.
Selecting a sample:
selecting 300 fertilized eggs of the eye stage of the salmon as an experimental sample and a comparative sample respectively, and treating the samples of the above embodiments according to the method;
method for treating the above comparative example sample: comparative example notation the mode is: 48H-48C-48H-48C-48H-48C-48H-48C, and the other conditions were the same as in the experimental examples.
And (4) analyzing results:
after the salmon is grown and matured through the cultivation, the otolith genealogical graph of the salmon is shown in fig. 3, and bright and dark genealogical patterns are obviously formed and are compared to be consistent with the designed marking mode (48H-24C-24H-24C-48H-24C-24H-24C-24H-24C-24H-24C-48H-24C-24H). While the daily profile of the comparative sample showed a 48 hour change regularity (as shown in figure 4). The experimental and comparative examples can be clearly distinguished, which also demonstrates the extreme feasibility of the method.
The otolith is used as an internal mark and records water environment information including temperature, salinity and the like passing through the whole life process of the fish. The water environment information is like the fingerprint of life history and is permanently stored through the otolith growth wheel. The invention utilizes the influence of temperature on the formation of the otolith day wheel, utilizes the international universal Morse code rule to design a marking mode, and adopts a mode of manually adjusting the water temperature to carry out temperature control marking on the salmon otolith. The track formed by the otolith diurnal cycle is controlled by regularly changing the water temperature, and a special fingerprint map is established for the salmon population. The marking method is simple, the password combination forms are various, the identification rate is high, the fish body is not damaged, the method is suitable for large-scale marking, and the detection method is relatively simple.
Claims (4)
1. The method for marking the otolith of the salmon based on the Morse code rule is characterized in that firstly, the otolith marking map is set according to the Morse code rule, then the germ cells of the salmon develop to the eye growing period, the hatching water temperature is adjusted, and the sunwheel darkness and the width of the otolith of the salmon are formed according to the requirements of the map; the Morse cipher rule is a universal international rule and is represented by two characters: "," "-"; the encoding time length of "-" is 2 times of "-"; expressing different English letters through different arrangement sequences; the high water temperature period is used as a code, "-" is 24 hours, "-" is 48 hours, the high temperature mark is used, and the low water temperature period is used as an interval; the otoliths formed at the high temperature stage form bright bands, and the otoliths formed at the low temperature stage form dark bands.
2. The method for marking salmon otolith as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of hatching water is adjusted to 2-4 ℃ preferably during the period from development of fertilized eggs of salmon to eye development.
3. The salmon otolith labeling method of claim 1, wherein the salmon hatching is flowing water hatching, and before the heat labeling is performed, the development of fertilized eggs is observed, and the water temperature is recorded; when the fertilized eggs are developed to the stage of the eyeing stage, operating water temperature control equipment according to the implementation time of the heat marking water temperature regulation and control cycle mode; the high temperature zone is set to be 11 +/-1 ℃, the low temperature is set to be 8 +/-1 ℃, and the whole process of running water incubation is ensured.
4. The method of claim 1 for salmon otolith labeling which can be applied to the analysis of salmon traceability.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110131236.9A CN112690241B (en) | 2021-01-30 | 2021-01-30 | Mus cipher rule-based salmon otolith marking method |
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| CN202110131236.9A CN112690241B (en) | 2021-01-30 | 2021-01-30 | Mus cipher rule-based salmon otolith marking method |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004004449A1 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-01-15 | Veterinærmedisinsk Oppdragssenter As | Use of one or more chemical compound for marking of fish |
| CN101496502A (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2009-08-05 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Method for marking salmon and trout by daily growth increments in otoliths |
| JP4981080B2 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 敏幸 高津 | Temperature control method and temperature control device for fry production water |
| CN104468423A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏海马通信科技有限公司 | Ship light signal coding mode capable of achieving quick bilingual receiving and sending |
| CN110463644A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-19 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of otolith rubidium marking method of black porgy enhancement releasing fry |
| CN110760599A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-07 | 吉林省水产科学研究院 | Cannabis harfish microsatellite molecular marker locus, polymorphism primer and application |
| CN111768816A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-13 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Method for identifying artificial released group and natural wild group of salmon |
-
2021
- 2021-01-30 CN CN202110131236.9A patent/CN112690241B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004004449A1 (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-01-15 | Veterinærmedisinsk Oppdragssenter As | Use of one or more chemical compound for marking of fish |
| CN101496502A (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2009-08-05 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Method for marking salmon and trout by daily growth increments in otoliths |
| JP4981080B2 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 敏幸 高津 | Temperature control method and temperature control device for fry production water |
| CN104468423A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏海马通信科技有限公司 | Ship light signal coding mode capable of achieving quick bilingual receiving and sending |
| CN110463644A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-19 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of otolith rubidium marking method of black porgy enhancement releasing fry |
| CN110760599A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-02-07 | 吉林省水产科学研究院 | Cannabis harfish microsatellite molecular marker locus, polymorphism primer and application |
| CN111768816A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-13 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Method for identifying artificial released group and natural wild group of salmon |
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