CN112688458A - Rotor structure of large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and motor thereof - Google Patents

Rotor structure of large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and motor thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112688458A
CN112688458A CN202110081739.XA CN202110081739A CN112688458A CN 112688458 A CN112688458 A CN 112688458A CN 202110081739 A CN202110081739 A CN 202110081739A CN 112688458 A CN112688458 A CN 112688458A
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China
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permanent magnet
arc
magnetic steel
arc surface
shuttle
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CN202110081739.XA
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陈进华
赵士豪
张驰
高云鹏
蒋哲
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Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
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Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering of CAS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a rotor structure of a large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor, which comprises a rotor core; 2p semi-fusiform magnetic steel grooves are uniformly formed in the rotor core along the circumferential direction, wherein p is the number of pole pairs; the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove is a half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, the point which is close to the arc direction and is far away from the circle center h of the rotor core is taken as the circle center of the half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, and the length R is taken as1The bottom surface of the magnetic steel groove is a straight edge of the half shuttle shape. A semi-fusiform permanent magnet is fixed inside the magnetic steel groove, and the circle center positions of the arc surface of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet and the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove are the same and the radiuses of the arc surface of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet and the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove are the same; the outer surface of the rotor core is an eccentric arc parallel to the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove. The rotor structure of the large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor can reduce the loss of the motor performanceThe vibration and the noise generated by the motor also reduce the radial thickness of the rotor core and improve the space utilization rate of the rotor structure.

Description

Rotor structure of large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and motor thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motors, in particular to a rotor structure of a large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and a motor thereof.
Background
The no-load counter potential of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is the induced potential generated in the armature winding by the no-load air gap flux under the condition that the energizing current of the armature winding is zero. The no-load back electromotive force and the air gap flux density generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor with uniform air gaps are approximate flat-top waves, the waveform distortion rate is high, and the air gap magnetic field contains a large amount of harmonic waves. If the rotor and the permanent magnet are not reasonably designed, larger harmonic content and torque fluctuation can be generated, so that the motor generates extra vibration and noise, the efficiency of the motor is reduced, and the service life of the motor is prolonged.
For the interior permanent magnet motor with a large shaft diameter structure, although a conventional permanent magnet interior linear structure can be used, the interior permanent magnet motor still has the defects of no-load back electromotive force and a large amount of harmonic waves with air gap flux density being flat-top waves. Therefore, the method has important significance for improving no-load counter potential and air gap flux density sine degree, reducing air gap flux density harmonic content, reducing cogging torque of the built-in permanent magnet motor, reducing vibration and noise generated by the motor and improving motor efficiency.
The specification with publication number CN 105529852B discloses a built-in permanent magnet motor rotor structure, which includes a rotor sheet and a plurality of magnetic slots arranged inside the rotor sheet and used for placing magnets, the two magnetic pole arc angles under a pair of poles defining the rotor structure are respectively a first magnetic pole arc angle α and a second magnetic pole arc angle θ, the first magnetic pole arc angle α is divided into α 1 and α 2 by the magnetic pole center line where the first magnetic pole arc angle α is located, the second magnetic pole arc angle θ is divided into θ 1 and θ 2 by the magnetic pole center line where the second magnetic pole arc angle θ is located, and at least one pole under a pair of poles satisfies: θ 1 ≠ θ 2 or α 1 ≠ α 2, where a pair of poles is a pair of poles formed by the magnets in two adjacent magnetic slots. The built-in permanent magnet motor rotor structure increases the radial thickness of the rotor and is not suitable for the working condition of large shaft diameter.
The specification with publication number CN 105529852B discloses a rotor structure of a permanent magnet motor, which comprises a rotor core, wherein the outer edge of the rotor core is formed by connecting 2p identical curved surfaces along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the curved surfaces are formed by sequentially connecting multiple sections of circular arc parts or multiple sections of circular arc parts and multiple sections of line parts along the circumferential direction of the rotor core in a symmetrical manner; wherein p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The structure of the permanent magnet in the rotor is in a straight line shape, so that the magnetic potential waveform generated by the permanent magnet is not changed, and meanwhile, the radial thickness of the rotor is increased by the structure of the rotor, so that the rotor is not suitable for the working condition with a large shaft diameter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotor structure of a large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor, which can improve the sine degree of no-load counter potential and air gap flux density waveform, reduce air gap flux density harmonic waves and reduce cogging torque, thereby reducing vibration and noise generated by the motor.
A rotor structure of a large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor comprises a rotor core; 2p semi-fusiform magnetic steel grooves are uniformly formed in the rotor core along the circumferential direction, wherein p is the number of pole pairs; the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove is a half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, the point which is close to the arc direction and is far away from the circle center h of the rotor core is taken as the circle center of the half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, and the length R is taken as1The radius is equal to the radius, and the bottom surface of the magnetic steel groove is the straight edge of the half shuttle shape;
a semi-fusiform permanent magnet is fixed inside the magnetic steel groove, and the circle center positions of the arc surface of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet and the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove are the same and the radiuses of the arc surface of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet and the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove are the same; the outer surface of the rotor core is an eccentric arc parallel to the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove, and the radius length of the eccentric arc is R2
The width of the magnetic steel groove is half shuttle-shaped straight edge length alpharPi/p, wherein alpharIs the ratio of the arc length of the arc surface of the magnetic steel groove to the pole distance.
Preferably, the ratio alpha of the arc length of the circular arc surface of the magnetic steel groove to the pole distancerAlpha is more than or equal to 0.85r≤0.99。
The width of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet is alphapαrPi/p, wherein alphapArc surface pole of semi-fusiform permanent magnetThe ratio of the arc length to the pole arc length of the arc surface of the magnetic steel slot, alphapAlpha is more than or equal to 0.70pLess than or equal to 0.90. Due to alphapLess than 1, the semi-fusiform permanent magnet is fixed in the middle of the magnetic steel slot, and symmetrical gap parts are left at two ends of the magnetic steel slot.
The rotor core comprises 2p pole shoes corresponding to the semi-fusiform permanent magnets, the pole shoes wrap the arc surfaces of the semi-fusiform permanent magnets, and the thickness of the pole shoes is hmH in the same rotor coremEqual to hm=R2-R1. The pole shoes are uniform in thickness, and the semi-shuttle-shaped permanent magnets are prevented from being damaged under the action of centrifugal force under high-speed operation.
The rotor core further comprises a magnetic isolation bridge connected with two ends of the pole shoe, and the magnetic isolation bridge wraps the outer surface of the gap of the magnetic steel slot.
Preferably, the positions of the outer arc surfaces of the magnetic isolation bridges and the circle centers of the outer surfaces of the corresponding rotor cores are the same, and the radiuses of the outer arc surfaces of the magnetic isolation bridges and the circle centers of the outer surfaces of the corresponding rotor cores are equal; the inner arc surface of the magnetic isolation bridge and the circle center of the arc surface of the corresponding half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet are the same in position and equal in radius. The outer surface of the magnetic isolation bridge is arc-shaped, and the magnetic leakage between poles can be effectively weakened.
Preferably, the magnetic isolation bridge and the pole shoe have the same thickness.
And the axle center of the rotor core is provided with an axle hole, and the size of the axle hole is suitable for the working condition of the large-diameter built-in axle.
The semi-fusiform permanent magnet comprises radial magnetization, parallel magnetization, common magnetic pole arrangement or alternate pole arrangement. The half-shuttle permanent magnet is suitable for both three-phase motors and multi-phase motors.
The invention also provides a motor consisting of the rotor structure of the large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor, and the motor has the advantages of compact rotor structure, low noise and small vibration during operation.
The motor comprises a rotor, wherein the rotor adopts the rotor structure of the large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor.
The rotor structure of the large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and the motor thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the arc surface of the half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet is parallel to the outer surface of the rotor core, when the half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet generates sine wave magnetic potential, the magnetic conductance in a magnetic circuit also generates sine change at the same time, so that the sine degree of the generated magnetic flux density waveform is improved, the sine degree of no-load counter electromotive force is improved, further, the torque pulsation and the harmonic wave are reduced, and the vibration and the noise generated by the motor are reduced under the condition of not losing the performance of the motor.
2. When the motor runs, the rotor structure of the large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor can effectively reduce the contact area between the permanent magnet and an external area, reduce erosion and prolong the service life of the motor.
3. The rotor structure of the large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor reduces the radial thickness of a rotor core and improves the space utilization rate of the rotor structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a large-shaft-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor employing a rotor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the motor structure of FIG. 2 showing a pair of poles;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rotor structure of the pair of poles shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a conventional large-diameter built-in-line permanent magnet motor as a comparative example of a motor employing a rotor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a no-load back emf waveform of a motor employing the rotor structure of the embodiment of the present invention and a conventional large-diameter built-in "in-line" permanent magnet motor;
FIG. 7 is a waveform of air gap flux density of a motor using a rotor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention and a conventional large-diameter built-in-line permanent magnet motor;
fig. 8 is an exploded view of a motor using the rotor structure of the embodiment of the present invention and a conventional large-diameter built-in "in-line" permanent magnet motor.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor includes a rotor core 1(ii) a 16(p is 8) half-shuttle-shaped magnetic steel grooves 3 are uniformly distributed in the rotor core 1 along the circumferential direction, the magnetic steel groove arc surface 6 is a half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, the point which is close to the arc direction and is h away from the center of the rotor core 1 is taken as the center of a circle, and the length R is taken as1The radius is, the bottom 7 of the magnetic steel slot is a straight edge of a half shuttle shape.
A semi-fusiform permanent magnet 2 is fixed inside the magnetic steel groove 3, and the circle center positions of the arc surface of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet 2 and the arc surface 6 of the magnetic steel groove are the same and the radiuses are the same; the outer surface 5 of the rotor core is an eccentric arc parallel to the arc surface 6 of the magnetic steel groove, the eccentric arc is concentric with the arc surface 6 of the magnetic steel groove, and the radius length is R2. The rotor core 1 includes 16 pole shoes 9 corresponding to the half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnets 2.
The width of the magnetic steel groove 3 is half shuttle-shaped, and the length of the straight edge is alpharPi/p, wherein alpharIs the ratio of the arc length of the circular arc surface 6 of the magnetic steel groove to the pole distance, alpharAlpha is more than or equal to 0.85r≤0.99。
The width of the half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet 2 is alphapαrPi/p, wherein alphapIs the ratio of the arc surface polar arc length of the semi-fusiform permanent magnet 2 to the arc surface polar arc length of the magnetic steel groove 3, alphapAlpha is more than or equal to 0.70pLess than or equal to 0.90. Due to alphapLess than 1, the semi-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet 2 is fixed in the middle of the magnetic steel slot 3, and symmetrical gap parts are left at two ends of the magnetic steel slot 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the large-shaft-diameter interior permanent magnet motor comprises a rotor and a stator; the rotor is a rotor structure of the embodiment of the invention, and the stator consists of a stator core 10 and a stator slot 11, wherein a winding is placed in the stator slot 11, and the embodiment adopts a double-layer overlapping winding structure; the stator is distributed with 96 slots, and the rotor is provided with 16 semi-shuttle-shaped permanent magnets 2, so that the motor pole slot ratio provided by the embodiment is a 96-slot 16-pole motor. .
As shown in fig. 3, in the pair of poles structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor, 12 stator slots 11 are uniformly distributed on a stator core 10 corresponding to one pair of poles, and the stator teeth adopt a parallel tooth structure.
FIG. 4 shows a rotor structure according to an embodiment of the present invention in which the pole shoes 9 of the rotor portions of a pair of poles are wrapped in a half-shuttle shapeThe arc surface of the permanent magnet 2 has a thickness of hm,hm=R2-R1. The pole shoe 9 has uniform thickness, and prevents the permanent magnet from being damaged by the centrifugal force under the high-speed operation.
The rotor core 1 further comprises a magnetic isolation bridge 8 connected with two ends of the pole shoe 9, and the magnetic isolation bridge 8 wraps the outer surface of the gap of the magnetic steel slot 3.
The thickness of the magnetic isolation bridge 8 is the same as that of the pole shoe 9, the outer arc surface of the magnetic isolation bridge 8 is the same as the circle center position of the corresponding rotor core outer surface 5, and the radius is the same; the inner arc surface of the magnetism isolating bridge 8 is the same as the circle center of the arc surface of the corresponding half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet 2, and the radius of the arc surface is equal. The outer surface of the magnetism isolating bridge 8 is arc-shaped, and the magnetic leakage between poles can be effectively weakened.
The axial center of the rotor core 1 is provided with an axial hole 4, and the size of the axial hole 4 is suitable for the structure that the built-in shaft has a large diameter.
The semi-fusiform permanent magnet 2 includes radial magnetization, parallel magnetization, a normal type (N-S) magnetic pole arrangement or an alternating pole (N-N or S-S) arrangement. The half-shuttle permanent magnet 2 is suitable for both a three-phase motor and a multi-phase motor.
Fig. 5 shows a conventional large-diameter built-in "in-line" permanent magnet motor as a comparative example of the motor according to the embodiment of the present invention. The large-shaft-diameter built-in linear permanent magnet motor also adopts a 96-slot 16-pole topological structure, and is different in the structure of a rotor, and the other structural parameters and the installation mode are the same.
As shown in fig. 6, the no-load back electromotive force waveforms of the motor according to the embodiment of the present invention are compared with those of the conventional large-diameter built-in-line permanent magnet motor. The horizontal axis of the waveform diagram is time, and the vertical axis thereof is the value of the phase-A counter potential. Through a waveform diagram, the no-load back electromotive force waveform of the common large-shaft-diameter built-in linear permanent magnet motor is approximate to a flat-top wave, and the sine degree of the no-load back electromotive force waveform of the motor in the embodiment of the invention is high.
As shown in fig. 7, the air gap flux density waveforms of the two motors are compared, the horizontal axis of the waveform is the space position in the air gap, and the vertical axis is the value of the air gap flux density, so that the air gap flux density waveform of the common large-axis-diameter built-in-line permanent magnet motor is approximate to a flat-top wave, and has more saw teeth at the top, large harmonic content and high waveform distortion rate of 16.51%; the air gap flux density waveform of the motor provided by the embodiment of the invention is similar to a sine wave, the sine degree is greatly improved, and the harmonic distortion rate is 3.02%.
As shown in fig. 8, which is a comparison of the fourier decomposition diagrams of the air gap flux densities of the above two motors, the horizontal axis of the fourier decomposition diagrams is the waveform order number of the fourier decomposition, only odd harmonics, and the vertical axis is the value of the air gap flux density. The amplitude of the air gap flux density fundamental wave of the motor is higher than that of a common large-shaft-diameter built-in linear permanent magnet motor, and other harmonic waves of each order are much less than those of the common large-shaft-diameter built-in linear permanent magnet motor. Therefore, the rotor structure of the motor provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively reduce a large amount of air gap flux density higher harmonics.
As shown in fig. 6-8, compared with the conventional large-diameter built-in-line permanent magnet motor, the motor of the embodiment of the invention effectively optimizes the no-load back electromotive force air gap flux density waveform quality, improves the sine degree, and reduces the harmonic content, thereby improving the motor efficiency and reducing the vibration and noise generated by the permanent magnet motor. Meanwhile, when the motor runs, the rotor structure provided by the embodiment of the invention can effectively protect the permanent magnets in the rotor iron core under the action of centrifugal force, effectively reduce the contact area of the permanent magnets and an external area, reduce erosion and prolong the service life of the motor.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a rotor structure of big shaft diameter built-in permanent-magnet machine, includes rotor core (1), its characterized in that: 2p semi-fusiform magnetic steel grooves (3) are uniformly formed in the rotor core (1) along the circumferential direction, wherein p is the number of pole pairs; the magnetic steel groove arc surface (6) is a half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, the point which is close to the arc direction and is far away from the circle center h of the rotor core (1) is taken as the circle center of the half-shuttle-shaped arc edge, and the length R is taken as1The radius is equal to the radius, and the bottom surface (7) of the magnetic steel groove is the straight edge of the half shuttle shape;
a semi-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet (2) is fixed inside the magnetic steel groove (3), and the circle center positions of the arc surface of the semi-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet (2) and the arc surface (6) of the magnetic steel groove are the same and the radiuses of the arc surface are the same; the outer surface (5) of the rotor core isThe magnetic steel groove arc surface (6) is parallel to an eccentric arc, and the radius length of the eccentric arc is R2
2. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the magnetic steel groove is half shuttle-shaped straight edge length alpharPi/p, wherein alpharIs the ratio of the arc length of the arc surface (6) of the magnetic steel groove to the pole distance.
3. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein: the ratio alpha of the arc length of the circular arc surface (6) of the magnetic steel groove to the pole distancerAlpha is more than or equal to 0.85r≤0.99。
4. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein: the width of the half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet (2) is alphapαrPi/p, wherein alphapIs the ratio of the arc surface polar arc length of the half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet (2) to the arc surface polar arc length of the magnetic steel groove (3), alphapAlpha is more than or equal to 0.70p≤0.90。
5. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor core (1) comprises 2p pole shoes (9) corresponding to the semi-fusiform permanent magnets (2), the pole shoes (9) wrap the arc surfaces of the semi-fusiform permanent magnets (2), and the thickness of the pole shoes is hm,hm=R2-R1
6. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, wherein: the rotor core (1) further comprises a magnetic isolation bridge (8) connected with two ends of the pole shoe (9), and the magnetic isolation bridge (8) wraps the outer surface of the gap of the magnetic steel slot (3).
7. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, wherein: the outer arc surface of the magnetism isolating bridge (8) is the same as the circle center of the corresponding rotor core outer surface (5) in position and the radius is equal; the inner arc surface of the magnetism isolating bridge (8) is the same as the circle center of the arc surface of the corresponding half-shuttle-shaped permanent magnet (2) in position and the radius is equal.
8. The rotor structure of a large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the magnetic isolation bridge (8) is the same as that of the pole shoe (9).
9. The rotor structure of the large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein: the semi-fusiform permanent magnet (2) comprises radial magnetization, parallel magnetization, common magnetic pole arrangement or alternate pole arrangement.
10. A motor comprising a rotor structure of a large-diameter interior permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110081739.XA 2021-01-21 2021-01-21 Rotor structure of large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and motor thereof Pending CN112688458A (en)

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CN202110081739.XA CN112688458A (en) 2021-01-21 2021-01-21 Rotor structure of large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and motor thereof

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CN202110081739.XA CN112688458A (en) 2021-01-21 2021-01-21 Rotor structure of large-shaft-diameter built-in permanent magnet motor and motor thereof

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CN112688458A true CN112688458A (en) 2021-04-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113328544A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-31 覃晴 Rotor structure with eccentric inner rotor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113328544A (en) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-31 覃晴 Rotor structure with eccentric inner rotor
CN113328544B (en) * 2021-06-04 2022-05-17 覃晴 Rotor structure with eccentric inner rotor

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