CN112688153A - Palladium ditelluride-based saturable absorber, preparation method and mode-locked fiber laser manufactured by saturable absorber - Google Patents
Palladium ditelluride-based saturable absorber, preparation method and mode-locked fiber laser manufactured by saturable absorber Download PDFInfo
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- CN112688153A CN112688153A CN202011551688.4A CN202011551688A CN112688153A CN 112688153 A CN112688153 A CN 112688153A CN 202011551688 A CN202011551688 A CN 202011551688A CN 112688153 A CN112688153 A CN 112688153A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of passive mode-locking ultrafast fiber lasers, and discloses a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, a preparation method and a mode-locking fiber laser manufactured by the saturable absorber. The preparation method of the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride comprises the steps of peeling by a liquid phase peeling method, then fusing with polyvinyl alcohol, drying to form a composite film, cutting the composite film into small pieces, transferring the small pieces to the end face of an optical fiber jumper, connecting with another optical fiber jumper by using a flange disc, transferring the small pieces to the end face of the optical fiber jumper, connecting with another optical fiber jumper by using the flange disc, placing the small pieces in an optical fiber flange, and generating picosecond-level ultrashort pulse laser. The saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride has the advantages of small volume, simple preparation method, wide working wavelength and short recovery time, can realize industrial production, and the ultrashort pulse laser based on the material has stable performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of passive mode-locking ultrafast fiber lasers, and particularly relates to a palladium ditelluride-based saturable absorber, a preparation method and a mode-locking fiber laser manufactured by the same.
Background
The ultra-short pulse fiber laser can generate (picosecond or femtosecond) pulse width, obtains ultra-high peak power under lower average power, and is an important technology for basic scientific research and industrial application. At present, ultrafast laser has been widely used in biomedical diagnosis and treatment, ultra-precision machining, ultra-precision distance measurement and other fields. Compared with other lasers, the fiber laser also has the advantages of low threshold, high gain, high conversion efficiency, good output beam quality and the like, and becomes a preferred high-tech tool in various industries.
The passive mode locking technology is one of the main technical means for generating ultrashort pulses, and picoseconds and femtoseconds magnitude pulse output can be effectively realized through the passive mode locking technology. The basic principle is that a saturable absorber (nonlinear absorption material) is added in a cavity, and the characteristics that the saturable absorber absorbs light pulses and is related to incident light intensity are utilized, so that the characteristics of low absorption when the light intensity is high and high absorption when the light intensity is low are shown, the phase locking of each longitudinal mode is realized, and ultra-short light pulses are generated. Therefore, the saturable absorber is the most important component of the ultrashort pulse laser.
Materials that have been reported to have saturable absorption properties so far are Graphene (Graphene), Black Phosphorus (BP), semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM), Transition Metal Sulfides (TMDs), and the like. However, there are many problems in these novel saturable absorber materials, that is, graphene has an ultra-fast exciton recovery time and single-layer graphene has even broadband saturable absorption characteristics, but modulation performance is unstable due to weak light absorption of graphene. Black phosphorus is a saturated absorbent with broadband absorption and high carrier mobility characteristics, but is very susceptible to oxidation in air and has poor stability. Semiconductor saturable absorbers are the most mature saturable absorbers currently in commercial use, and also have many disadvantages including complicated preparation processes, high price, long recovery time, difficult modulation depth control, low optical damage threshold, and the like. Transition metal sulfides, such as tungsten sulfide and molybdenum sulfide, have a long exciton recovery time and are not favorable for generating ultrafast pulses. Moreover, the band gap of the transition metal sulfide is generally between 0.7eV and 2.2eV, and the application difficulty is large in the mid-infrared region. Therefore, it is a significant research to develop a new broadband saturable absorber material with a large modulation depth.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the primary object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride.
The invention also aims to provide the saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride prepared by the preparation method.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a mode-locked fiber laser made from the above-described palladium ditelluride-based saturable absorber.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride comprises the following operation steps:
(1) preparation of palladium ditelluride nanosheets: adding palladium ditelluride powder and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) into a centrifuge tube, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the palladium ditelluride powder to the N-methylpyrrolidone is 1 mg: 2mL, performing ultrasonic treatment in a 400W high-power continuous ultrasonic cleaning machine for 36 hours, centrifuging at 2000rpm for 3 minutes, and taking supernatant to obtain a palladium ditelluride nanosheet solution;
(2) preparation of a palladium ditelluride saturable absorber film: and (2) mixing the palladium ditelluride nanosheet solution obtained in the step (1) with a 4 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution according to a volume ratio of 3:1, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic vibration for 5 minutes, then pouring the mixed solution into a disposable culture dish, drying in a drying box for more than 24 hours at 60 ℃, taking out the film by using forceps to obtain a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, cutting the saturable absorber into small pieces, and transferring the small pieces to the end face of an optical fiber.
The size of the cut small pieces in the step (2) is 2 x 2 mm.
A saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride prepared by the preparation method.
A mode-locked fiber laser made of the saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride comprises the saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, a pump source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain fiber, a polarization-independent isolator, a single-mode fiber, an output coupler and a polarization controller.
The wavelength division multiplexer comprises a first input end and a second input end; the output coupler comprises a 90% output end and a 10% output end; the pump source, a first input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the gain fiber, the polarization-independent isolator, the single-mode fiber, 90% of an output end of the output coupler, the polarization controller and the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride are sequentially connected, and the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride is connected with a second input end of the wavelength division multiplexer to form an annular cavity structure; the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride is transferred to the end face of the optical fiber jumper, is connected with another optical fiber jumper by using a flange disc, is arranged in an optical fiber flange, and is respectively connected with the second input end of the wavelength division multiplexer and the polarization controller by using single-mode optical fibers at two ends.
The gain optical fiber is erbium-doped optical fiber with the wavelength of 1550nm, the wavelength of the pumping source is 980nm, and the central wavelength of the wavelength division multiplexer is 1550 nm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the liquid phase stripping method is simple and effective, can be regulated and controlled, and is a method for preparing a large number of single-layer or few-layer two-dimensional material nanosheets at low cost, and the prepared palladium ditelluride film is uniform in distribution and stable in quality.
(2) When the optical fiber connector is used, only the palladium ditelluride film needs to be transferred to the end face of the optical fiber connector, so that the optical fiber connector is convenient to operate, compact in structure and low in cost, the whole laser optical path system runs in the optical fiber, the interference of the external environment is avoided, and the performance is stable.
(3) The mode-locked fiber laser with ultrashort pulses has the advantages of compact structure, easiness in integration, good beam quality, high stability and the like.
(4) Palladium ditelluride as a novel saturable absorber has the characteristics of good saturable absorption characteristic, low mode-locking threshold, high damage threshold, wide working wavelength, short recovery time and the like, and can easily generate ultrashort pulse laser.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mode-locked fiber laser manufactured by a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride in an embodiment, where 1 is a pump source, 2 is a wavelength division multiplexer, 3 is an erbium-doped fiber, 4 is a polarization-independent isolator, 5 is a single-mode fiber, 6 is an output coupler, 7 is a polarization controller, 8 is a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, 9 is a first input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer, 10 is a second input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer, 11 is a 90% output terminal of the output coupler, and 12 is a 10% output terminal of the output coupler.
Fig. 2 is a TEM photograph of palladium ditelluride nanosheets prepared by liquid phase exfoliation.
Fig. 3 and 4 are experimentally measured pulse sequence diagrams for mode-locked fiber lasers made with saturable absorbers based on palladium ditelluride.
FIG. 5 is a graph of experimentally measured single pulse widths for mode-locked fiber lasers made with saturable absorbers based on palladium ditelluride.
Fig. 6 is a graph of experimentally measured radio frequency spectra of mode-locked fiber lasers made with saturable absorbers based on palladium ditelluride.
Fig. 7 is a graph of experimentally measured output power versus pumping power for a mode-locked fiber laser made with a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps: putting 20 mg of palladium ditelluride powder into 40 ml of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in a high-power (400W) continuous ultrasonic cleaning machine for 36 hours, centrifuging at 2000rpm for 3 minutes, removing palladium ditelluride nanosheets with more layers, and taking supernatant to obtain the palladium ditelluride nanosheet solution.
Step two: taking 3 ml of the obtained palladium ditelluride nanosheet solution, putting 1 ml of 4 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution into the solution, performing ultrasonic vibration for 5 minutes to uniformly mix the solution, pouring the mixed solution into a disposable culture dish, putting the disposable culture dish into a drying box for drying, drying the disposable culture dish at the temperature of 60 ℃ for more than 24 hours, taking out the film by using a pair of forceps cleaned by alcohol to obtain a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, cutting the saturable absorber into small pieces of 2 x 2mm, and transferring the small pieces to the end face of an optical fiber.
As shown in fig. 1, the mode-locked fiber laser manufactured by the saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride in this embodiment adopts a ring cavity structure, the cavity length is 26.28 meters, the gain fiber is erbium-doped fiber, the wavelength of the pumping source is 980nm, and the center wavelength of the wavelength division multiplexer is 1550 nm. The wavelength division multiplexer 2 comprises a first input 9 and a second input 10; the output coupler 6 comprises a 90% output 11 and a 10% output 12; sequentially connecting a pumping source 1, a first input end 9 of a wavelength division multiplexer 2, a gain fiber 3, a polarization-independent isolator 4, a single-mode fiber 5, a 90% output end 11 of an output coupler 6, a polarization controller 7 and a saturable absorber 8 based on palladium ditelluride by using an optical fiber fusion splicer according to the sequence of figure 1, wherein the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride is connected with a second input end of the wavelength division multiplexer to form an annular cavity structure; the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride is transferred to the end face of the optical fiber jumper, is connected with another optical fiber jumper by using a flange disc, is arranged in an optical fiber flange, and is respectively connected with the second input end of the wavelength division multiplexer and the polarization controller by using single-mode optical fibers at two ends. And connecting a relevant instrument to the 10% output end of the output coupler to measure the laser output characteristic of the fiber laser.
FIG. 2 is a TEM photograph of a palladium ditelluride nanosheet prepared by liquid phase exfoliation, the nanosheet being irregularly shaped and having a size of about 200 nm.
Fig. 3 and 4 are experimentally measured pulse sequence diagrams for mode-locked fiber lasers made with saturable absorbers based on palladium ditelluride with a period of 136.2 ns.
FIG. 5 is a graph of experimentally measured single pulse widths for a mode-locked fiber laser made with a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride at 560.41 ps.
FIG. 6 is a graph of experimentally measured RF spectra for a mode-locked fiber laser made with a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride with a repetition frequency of 7.927MHz and a signal-to-noise ratio of about 40 dB.
Fig. 7 is a graph of experimentally measured output power versus pumping power for a mode-locked fiber laser made with a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride. It is known that as the pump power is increased, the output power is also increased, and when the pump power is increased to 320mW, the output power reaches 1.4 mW.
In summary, the mode-locked pulse fiber laser provided by the invention has the pulse width of 560.41ps, the pulse repetition frequency of 7.927MHz, and the pulse signal-to-noise ratio of 40dB, which indicates that the ultrashort pulse signal is stable.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) preparation of palladium ditelluride nanosheets: adding palladium ditelluride powder and N-methyl pyrrolidone into a centrifuge tube, wherein the mass-volume ratio of the palladium ditelluride powder to the N-methyl pyrrolidone is 1 mg: 2mL, performing ultrasonic treatment in a 400W high-power continuous ultrasonic cleaning machine for 36 hours, centrifuging at 2000rpm for 3 minutes, and taking supernatant to obtain a palladium ditelluride nanosheet solution;
(2) preparation of a palladium ditelluride saturable absorber film: and (2) mixing the palladium ditelluride nanosheet solution obtained in the step (1) with a 4 wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution according to a volume ratio of 3:1, uniformly mixing by ultrasonic vibration for 5 minutes, then pouring the mixed solution into a disposable culture dish, drying in a drying box for more than 24 hours at 60 ℃, taking out the film by using forceps to obtain a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, cutting the saturable absorber into small pieces, and transferring the small pieces to the end face of an optical fiber.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the size of the cut small pieces in the step (2) is 2 x 2 mm.
3. A saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride prepared by the preparation method of claim 1 or 2.
4. A mode-locked fiber laser made from the palladium ditelluride-based saturable absorber of claim 3, wherein: the mode-locked fiber laser comprises a saturable absorber based on palladium ditelluride, a pumping source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a gain fiber, a polarization-independent isolator, a single-mode fiber, an output coupler and a polarization controller.
5. The mode locked fiber laser of claim 4, wherein: the wavelength division multiplexer comprises a first input end and a second input end; the output coupler comprises a 90% output end and a 10% output end; the pump source, a first input end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the gain fiber, the polarization-independent isolator, the single-mode fiber, 90% of an output end of the output coupler, the polarization controller and the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride are sequentially connected, and the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride is connected with a second input end of the wavelength division multiplexer to form an annular cavity structure; the saturable absorber based on the palladium ditelluride is transferred to the end face of the optical fiber jumper, is connected with another optical fiber jumper by using a flange disc, is arranged in an optical fiber flange, and is respectively connected with the second input end of the wavelength division multiplexer and the polarization controller by using single-mode optical fibers at two ends.
6. The mode locked fiber laser of claim 4, wherein: the gain optical fiber is erbium-doped optical fiber with the wavelength of 1550nm, the wavelength of the pumping source is 980nm, and the central wavelength of the wavelength division multiplexer is 1550 nm.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114300924A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-08 | 广东工业大学 | Preparation method of quantum dot saturable absorber film and application of quantum dot saturable absorber film in pulse fiber laser |
| CN114604830A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-10 | 浙江亚愚科技有限公司 | Soliton mode-locked fiber laser based on palladium diselenide saturable absorber |
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