CN112687967A - Zinc ion battery and power utilization device using same - Google Patents
Zinc ion battery and power utilization device using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN112687967A CN112687967A CN202011546298.8A CN202011546298A CN112687967A CN 112687967 A CN112687967 A CN 112687967A CN 202011546298 A CN202011546298 A CN 202011546298A CN 112687967 A CN112687967 A CN 112687967A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a zinc ion battery, which comprises an anode, a cathode and electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte soaks the anode and the cathode: the positive electrode includes a manganese-based compound; the negative electrode contains a zinc element; the electrolyte includes a pH buffer containing weak acid groups including at least one of phosphoric acid, citric acid, carbonic acid, acetic acid, barbituric acid, tris, and phthalic acid. The invention also provides an electric device using the zinc ion battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and particularly relates to a zinc ion battery and an electric device using the same.
Background
The secondary battery can be repeatedly cycled compared to the primary batteryThe method has the advantages of effectively reducing resource waste and environmental pollution. CN101540417A discloses a zinc ion battery which uses MnO2The rechargeable zinc ion battery is formed by taking a zinc sheet as a positive electrode, taking a zinc sheet as a negative electrode and taking an aqueous solution containing zinc ions as an electrolyte; the invention of such a rechargeable zinc-ion battery is based on Zn2+Two behaviors of (2): zn2+Has rapid and reversible intercalation and deintercalation behaviors in manganese dioxide materials of large tunnels, and on the other hand, Zn2+May contain Zn2+In a neutral electrolyte such as zinc sulphate or nitrate, for rapid reversible dissolution and deposition.
However, with the aforementioned secondary zinc ion battery, there are three reaction mechanisms of zinc ion intercalation, zinc ion and proton co-intercalation, zinc ion intercalation, and proton conversion. In the process of charging and discharging when protons participate in the reaction, the pH of the electrolyte changes, the electrode reaction environment also changes when the pH of the electrolyte changes, and even basic zinc sulfate is generated on the surface of an electrode, so that the electrode reaction impedance is increased, and the electrode reaction kinetics is reduced.
How to solve the above problems needs to be considered by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a zinc ion battery, including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, where the electrolyte infiltrates the positive electrode and the negative electrode:
the positive electrode includes a manganese-based compound;
the negative electrode contains a zinc element;
the electrolyte includes a pH buffer containing weak acid groups including at least one of phosphoric acid, citric acid, carbonic acid, acetic acid, barbituric acid, tris, and phthalic acid.
In one possible embodiment, the pH buffer adjusts the electrolyte pH of the zinc-ion battery to a range of 0.5 to 6.
In one possible embodiment, the electrolyte further comprises a soluble salt of zinc and a soluble salt of manganese.
In one possible embodiment, the soluble salts of zinc include inorganic soluble zinc salts including zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc bromide or zinc chloride, and organic soluble zinc salts including zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, zinc phenolsulfonate and zinc gluconate, the soluble salts of manganese include inorganic soluble manganese salts including manganese nitrate, manganese sulfate, manganese bromide or manganese chloride, and organic soluble manganese salts including manganese trifluoromethanesulfonate, manganese phenolsulfonate and manganese gluconate.
In one possible embodiment, the electrolyte further comprises an electrolyte corrosion inhibitor comprising at least one of a lead-containing ionic salt, a bismuth-containing ionic salt, a cadmium-containing ionic salt, an indium-containing ionic salt, dodecylbenzene sulfonate, hexamethylenetetramine, and an alkyl sulfonate.
In one possible embodiment, the electrolyte further comprises an electrolyte additive comprising at least one of a sulfate, a nitrate, and a chloride salt.
In one possible embodiment, the positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode film, the positive electrode film is disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode film includes at least one of manganese-based oxide, manganese-based sulfide, manganese-based covalent organic framework Compound (COF) or manganese-based organic metal framework compound (MOF).
In one possible embodiment, the negative electrode comprises a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode film, the negative electrode film is arranged on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the negative electrode film comprises zinc powder or zinc foil.
In one possible embodiment, the negative electrode film further comprises a negative electrode corrosion inhibitor, the negative electrode corrosion inhibitor comprises an alloy or an oxide or a sulfide of at least one of bismuth, lead, cadmium and indium, and the mass of the negative electrode corrosion inhibitor accounts for less than 1% of the total mass of the negative electrode film.
In one possible embodiment, the positive electrode film or the negative electrode film further includes a binder including polytetrafluoroethylene, water-soluble rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, or cellulose.
In a possible embodiment, the positive electrode film or the negative electrode film further comprises an electron conductive agent, the electron conductive agent comprises graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes, the mass of the electron conductive agent accounts for less than 50% of the total mass of the negative electrode film, and the mass of the electron conductive agent accounts for less than 50% of the total mass of the positive electrode film.
The application also provides an electric device, the electric device includes aforementioned zinc ion battery, zinc ion battery still includes the barrier film, the barrier film set up in the positive pole reaches between the negative pole.
According to the zinc ion battery, the pH buffering agent contains organic or inorganic weak acid groups, and can ionize H by self when the pH of the electrolyte changes+And absorption of H+The pH change of the electrolyte is inhibited, the drastic pH change of the aqueous rechargeable zinc ion battery electrolyte in charge and discharge can be relieved by adding a pH buffering agent, the generation of basic zinc sulfate is inhibited, the electrode reaction impedance is reduced, and the electrode reaction kinetics is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a zinc-ion battery of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope picture of the positive electrode 11 with and without pH buffer added discharged to 1.0V at a current density of 1A/g.
Fig. 3 is a graph comparing CV curves of the first battery and the second battery.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the rate of the first cell versus the second cell at different current rates (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2A/g).
FIG. 5 is a graphical representation of the cycling capacity and cycle retention of a pH buffer after addition under the 0.5A/g cycle life test.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cycle life of the first battery and the second battery at a current density of 5A/g.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of AC impedance spectra of the first battery and the second battery at a current density of 0.5A/g at full discharge.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the electric device of the present application.
Description of the main elements
Positive electrode current collector 111
Negative electrode current collector 121
The following detailed description will further illustrate the present application in conjunction with the above-described figures.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a zinc ion battery 10, which includes a positive electrode 11, a negative electrode 12, a separator 13 and an electrolyte 15, wherein the separator 13 is disposed between the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 for physically isolating the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12 from short circuit, and the electrolyte 15 infiltrates the positive electrode 11 and the negative electrode 12. The positive electrode 11 contains a manganese-based compound, the negative electrode 12 contains a zinc element, and the pH buffer adjusts the pH of the electrolyte 15 of the zinc-ion battery 10 to a range of 0.5 to 6.
The positive electrode 11 includes a positive electrode current collector 111 and a positive electrode film 112, the positive electrode film 112 is disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 111, and the positive electrode film 112 can be disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector 111 by spraying, spin coating, attaching, or the like. The positive electrode film 112 includes a manganese-based compound, wherein the manganese-based compound includes, but is not limited to, a manganese-based oxide, a manganese-based sulfide, or a manganese-based organometallic framework compound.
In one embodiment, the positive electrode film 112 further comprises a binder, including but not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene, water-soluble rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, or cellulose; the mass ratio of the binder to the total mass of the positive electrode film 112 is less than 20%.
In one embodiment, the positive electrode film 112 further includes an electron conductive agent, the electron conductive agent includes, but is not limited to, graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, or carbon nanotube, and the mass of the electron conductive agent accounts for less than 50% of the total mass of the positive electrode film 112.
The negative electrode 12 includes a negative electrode current collector 121 and a negative electrode film 122, the negative electrode film 122 is disposed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 121, and the negative electrode film 122 may be disposed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector 121 by spraying, spin coating, attaching, or the like; the negative electrode film 122 includes zinc powder or zinc foil.
In one embodiment, the negative film 122 further includes a binder, including but not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene, water-soluble rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, or cellulose; the mass ratio of the binder to the total mass of the positive electrode film 112 is less than 20%.
In one embodiment, the negative film 122 further includes a negative corrosion inhibitor in addition to the binder, the negative corrosion inhibitor includes an alloy or an oxide or a sulfide or an amalgam zinc layer containing at least one of bismuth, lead, cadmium and indium, and the mass of the negative corrosion inhibitor accounts for less than 1% of the total mass of the negative film.
In one embodiment, the negative film 122 further includes an electron conductive agent in addition to the binder and the negative corrosion inhibitor, the electron conductive agent includes but is not limited to graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, or carbon nanotube, and the mass of the electron conductive agent accounts for less than 50% of the total mass of the negative film 122.
In one embodiment, the electrolyte 15 includes a solute, a solvent, and a pH buffer. Solutes include soluble salts of zinc and soluble salts of manganese, solvents include, but are not limited to, water (e.g., deionized water), and pH buffers can be liquid or solid additives.
In one embodiment, the soluble salts of zinc include inorganic soluble zinc salts including but not limited to zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc bromide or zinc chloride, and organic soluble zinc salts including but not limited to zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, zinc phenolsulfonate, zinc gluconate, and the soluble salts of manganese include inorganic soluble manganese salts including but not limited to manganese nitrate, manganese sulfate, manganese bromide or manganese chloride, and organic soluble manganese salts including but not limited to manganese trifluoromethanesulfonate, manganese phenolsulfonate and manganese gluconate.
In one embodiment, the pH buffer contains weak acid groups, which may be organic or inorganic, including but not limited to phosphoric acid, citric acid, carbonic acid, acetic acid, barbituric acid, tris, and phthalic acid.
The pH buffer is used to improve the pH change of the electrolyte, stabilize the redox environment of the anode 11 and the cathode 12, and improve the electrochemical performance of the zinc ion battery 10. During the discharging process of the zinc ion battery 10, as zinc ions and protons are embedded into the manganese-based compound, the pH value of the electrolyte rises, and the pH buffering agent inhibits the pH value of the electrolyte from rising continuously, so that the generation of basic zinc sulfate and basic sulfur on the surface of the positive electrode 11 is reducedThe reduction of zinc is beneficial to reducing the contact resistance between the positive electrode 11 and the electrolyte 15, so that the reaction kinetics are improved; during charging, the divalent manganese ions in the electrolyte 15 undergo oxidation reaction to form MnO2And the manganese-based compound is deposited and attached on the positive electrode 11, the pH of the electrolyte is reduced in the process, the pH buffer is added to inhibit the pH of the electrolyte from being reduced, and the amount of the manganese-based compound redeposited on the positive electrode 11 is increased, so that the electrochemical performance is improved.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a scanning electron microscope image of the positive electrode 11 with and without pH buffer added thereto, which is discharged to 1.0V at a current density of 1A/g, it can be seen that, after the pH buffer is added, no obvious basic zinc sulfate is present on the surface of the positive electrode 11, and the zinc ion battery 10 with the pH buffer added thereto has a lower reaction impedance, so that the reaction impedance of the zinc ion battery 10 can be reduced by suppressing the generation of basic zinc sulfate, and the electrochemical reaction rate can be increased.
In one embodiment, the electrolyte 15 further includes an electrolyte corrosion inhibitor, which may include at least one of different lead-containing ionic salts, bismuth-containing ionic salts, dodecylbenzene sulfonate, hexamethylenetetramine, and alkyl sulfonate.
In one embodiment, the electrolyte 15 further includes electrolyte additives, which may include various high-solubility sulfates, nitrates, chlorides.
Under the condition that the original electrolyte system is not changed, the electrolyte method can be effectively improved by adding the pH buffering agent, and the pH buffering agent absorbs or releases protons to adjust the pH change of the electrolyte in the reaction process through weak acid groups, so that the pH of the electrolyte 15 of the zinc ion battery 10 tends to be stable in the charging and discharging processes. In the discharging process, the pH value of the electrolyte is increased due to proton intercalation or reaction of the manganese-based compound, the generation of basic zinc sulfate is caused at an electrode interface, the pH buffering agent is added to stabilize the pH value of the electrolyte, inhibit the generation of positive basic zinc sulfate in the discharging process, promote the redeposition of divalent manganese ions in the charging process, and contribute to improving the power density and the cycle life of the rechargeable zinc ion battery.
Example 1
Preparing a positive plate: uniformly stirring 70 mg of manganese-based oxide, 20 mg of acetylene black and 10 mg of polytetrafluoroethylene, coating the mixture on a stainless steel foil, drying the stainless steel foil in a vacuum drying box at 80 ℃, and punching to obtain a first positive plate and a second positive plate with the diameters of 1.2 cm.
Preparing a negative plate: 0.35 g of zinc powder, 0.05g of acetylene black, 0.05g of carbon nano tube and 0.05g of binder are uniformly stirred and coated on copper foil with the thickness of 0.1 mm, the copper foil is dried in a vacuum drying box at the temperature of 80 ℃, and then a first negative plate and a second negative plate with the diameter of 1.2cm are obtained by punching.
Preparing an electrolyte: respectively at 2mol/L ZnSO4And 0.5mol/L MnSO4The first electrolyte solution is prepared, and the second electrolyte solution is prepared by adding 0.1mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH buffering agent) into the first electrolyte solution and mixing.
And the first positive plate, the first negative plate and the first electrolyte form a first battery, and the second positive plate, the second negative plate and the second electrolyte form a second battery.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing CV curves of a first cell and a second cell, showing a significant redox peak during charge and discharge, a voltage of 1.56V and an oxidation peak at 1.61V indicating oxidation of divalent manganese ions to MnO in an electrolyte2And zinc ions from MnO2Separating from the large tunnel; the voltage was 1.28V and the reduction peak at 1.37V, representing MnO attached to the surface of the positive electrode2Is reduced into bivalent manganese ions and zinc ions to be embedded into MnO2In a large tunnel. After the pH buffering agent is added, the reduction peak position of divalent manganese ions in which protons participate dissolved in water is enhanced, the peak position shifts to a high potential, the oxidation peak is enhanced, the peak position shifts to a low potential, the dissolution and deposition of Mn ions are enhanced after the pH buffering agent is added, and the oxidation reduction peak potential difference is reduced.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the rate of the first cell versus the second cell at different current rates (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2A/g), showing that the specific capacity of the second cell with the pH buffer added increases by about 50mAh/g at each current density of 0.5-5A/g compared to the first cell without the pH buffer added.
FIG. 5 shows that the electrolyte has 50mAh/g higher cycling capacity and cycle retention than the electrolyte without pH buffer after pH buffer is added in the 0.5A/g cycle life test.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cycle life of the first battery and the second battery when the current density is 5A/g, the second battery still has a capacity of 70mAh/g after 6000 cycles under the large current density of 5A/g, and the cycle capacity of the battery under the large current density is improved after the pH buffer is added.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of ac impedance spectra of the first battery and the second battery at a full discharge state with a current density of 0.5A/g, and the full discharge state at a discharge density of 0.5A/g shows that the battery has a lower reaction impedance and a faster reaction kinetics after a pH buffer is added, so that the battery has a better rate capability and a high current cycling capability.
As shown in fig. 8, the present application also provides an electric device 100, where the electric device 100 includes a main body 101 and a zinc ion battery 10 disposed in the main body 101.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A zinc ion battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte infiltrates the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and is characterized in that:
the positive electrode includes a manganese-based compound;
the negative electrode contains a zinc element;
the electrolyte includes a pH buffer containing weak acid groups including at least one of phosphoric acid, citric acid, carbonic acid, acetic acid, barbituric acid, tris, and phthalic acid.
2. The zinc-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the pH buffer adjusts the pH of the electrolyte of the zinc-ion battery to a range of 0.5 to 6.
3. The zinc ion battery of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a soluble salt of zinc and a soluble salt of manganese.
4. The zinc-ion battery of claim 3, wherein the soluble salts of zinc include inorganic soluble zinc salts including zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc bromide, or zinc chloride, and organic soluble zinc salts including zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate, zinc phenolsulfonate, zinc gluconate, and inorganic soluble manganese salts including manganese nitrate, manganese sulfate, manganese bromide, or manganese chloride, and organic soluble manganese salts including manganese trifluoromethanesulfonate, manganese phenolsulfonate, and manganese gluconate.
5. The zinc ion battery of claim 3, wherein the electrolyte further comprises an electrolyte corrosion inhibitor comprising at least one of a lead-containing ionic salt, a bismuth-containing ionic salt, a cadmium-containing ionic salt, an indium-containing ionic salt, dodecylbenzene sulfonate, hexamethylenetetramine, and an alkyl sulfonate.
6. The zinc-ion battery of claim 3, wherein the electrolyte further comprises an electrolyte additive comprising at least one of a sulfate, a nitrate, and a chloride salt.
7. The zinc-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode film, wherein the positive electrode film is disposed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode film comprises at least one of a manganese-based oxide, a manganese-based covalent organic framework compound, or a manganese-based organometallic framework compound.
8. The zinc-ion battery of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode comprises a negative current collector and a negative film, the negative film is disposed on the surface of the negative current collector, and the negative film comprises zinc powder or zinc foil.
9. The zinc-ion battery of claim 8, wherein the negative film further comprises a negative corrosion inhibitor, the negative corrosion inhibitor comprises an alloy or an oxide or a sulfide containing at least one of bismuth, lead, cadmium and indium, and the mass of the negative corrosion inhibitor accounts for less than 1% of the total mass of the negative film.
10. The zinc-ion battery of claim 7 or 8, wherein the positive electrode film or the negative electrode film further comprises a binder comprising polytetrafluoroethylene, water-soluble rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, or cellulose.
11. The zinc-ion battery according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the positive electrode film or the negative electrode film further comprises an electron conductive agent, the electron conductive agent comprises graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fibers or carbon nanotubes, the mass of the electron conductive agent accounts for 50% or less of the total mass of the negative electrode film, and the mass of the electron conductive agent accounts for 50% or less of the total mass of the positive electrode film.
12. An electric device comprising the zinc-ion battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the zinc-ion battery further comprises a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
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| CN114709409A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-05 | 三峡大学 | Preparation method and application of zinc-mercury alloy cathode of water-based zinc ion battery |
| WO2023234283A1 (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2023-12-07 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | Aqueous electrolytic liquid and secondary battery |
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