CN112683731A - Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and test method - Google Patents
Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112683731A CN112683731A CN202110110608.XA CN202110110608A CN112683731A CN 112683731 A CN112683731 A CN 112683731A CN 202110110608 A CN202110110608 A CN 202110110608A CN 112683731 A CN112683731 A CN 112683731A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and a test method, wherein the measurer comprises a soil taking device and a horizontal cutting device; the soil sampling device comprises a rotating handle, a plurality of groups of cutting rings in threaded connection with the bottom of the rotating handle and a precession type drill bit in threaded connection with the bottom of the last cutting ring; the horizontal cutting device is formed by connecting an upper shell of the shell and a lower shell of the shell through a common hinge and is in a circular knife shape in a closed state. The device has the advantages of small volume, easy carrying, convenient installation, use and measurement, capability of utilizing a simple device to carry out combined soil sampling under small disturbance, complete cutting on a soil sample by skillfully arranging the cutting device to obtain a complete soil core, capability of solving the difficulty of sampling loose soil at present, capability of measuring the volume weight of soil with multiple depths at one time, time and labor conservation, small damage to the ground surface and high popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil volume weight measurement, and particularly relates to a combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and a test method.
Background
The volume weight of soil is the dry weight of soil per unit volume of soil in the natural state, and is usually expressed in g/cm3And (4) showing. The content of organic matters in the soil, the texture condition of the soil and the quality of the soil structure can be estimated through the volume weight of the soil. Therefore, the volume weight of soil is an important index which is often required to be measured in the fields of soil physics, agricultural science and the like.
At present, the ring cutting method is mainly adopted for measuring the volume weight of soil at home and abroad. In the process of measuring the volume weight of the soil, a cutting ring with a certain volume is vertically inserted into the soil to be measured in a natural state to fill a soil sample, and after drying, the weight of the dry soil is weighed and the weight of the dried soil in unit volume is calculated. However, when the cutting ring method is adopted, due to the limitation of the height of the cutting ring, the unit weight of one soil layer depth can be measured in each sampling, when a plurality of soil layer depths need to be measured, the cutting ring needs to be used for repeated sampling for many times, the experimental process is complicated, and meanwhile, when the structural integrity of the soil to be measured is poor (such as loose soil), the cutting ring testing method cannot take out the soil sample with a fixed volume under the condition of not disturbing the soil structure. At present, although sampling equipment capable of sampling and measuring the volume weights of soil at multiple levels at one time is available in the market, the problem of accurate measurement of the volume weights of soil with poor structural integrity such as loose soil and the like cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and a test method.
The invention discloses a combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer, which comprises a soil taking device and a horizontal cutting device.
The soil sampling device comprises a rotating handle, a plurality of groups of cutting rings in threaded connection with the bottom of the rotating handle and a precession type drill bit in threaded connection with the bottom of the last cutting ring.
The rotating handle is as follows: the middle part of a handle transversely arranged is fixedly connected with a handle vertical rod, and a handle cap head containing internal threads is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the handle vertical rod.
The top of the cutting ring is provided with external threads, the bottom of the cutting ring is provided with internal threads, and the upper side of the internal threads is provided with two groups of horizontal strip-shaped notches which are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the plurality of cutting rings are connected end to end through internal and external threads to form cutting ring groups with different heights.
The top of the precession type drill bit is provided with an external thread, and the bottom of the precession type drill bit is provided with a cutting edge; the outer wall of the precession type drill bit is provided with a spiral blade, and the inner wall of the drill bit and the inner wall of the cutting ring keep the same width.
The horizontal cutting device is as follows: the upper shell and the lower shell are connected through a common hinge and are in a cutting ring shape in a closed state, the inner diameter of the upper shell is equal to the diameter of the outer wall of the cutting ring and the height of the upper shell and the lower shell is equal to that of the cutting ring.
A fixed blade I is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper shell of the shell, and a fixed blade II is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the lower shell of the shell; the left end of the auxiliary blade I is horizontally hinged to the inner side of the upper shell of the cutting device shell through a bearing outer ring and tightly attached to the upper surface of the fixed blade I, and the right end of the auxiliary blade II is horizontally hinged to the inner side of the lower shell of the cutting device shell through the bearing outer ring and tightly attached to the lower surface of the fixed blade II.
Further, a bearing outer ring belongs to one part of the auxiliary blade opening system, and a torsion spring is arranged between the bearing outer ring and a bearing inner ring in the auxiliary blade opening system; the inner ring of the bearing is fixed, and two extending ends of the torsion spring are respectively embedded and fixed in the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing; the wrench buckle is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the bearing outer ring and used for controlling the rotation of the auxiliary blade; the reset device is used for resetting the auxiliary blade.
Furthermore, the reset device is arranged inside the shell; the sliding groove is arranged in the shell, is close to the outer side wall and is arc-shaped; one end of the common spring is fixedly connected with the sliding groove; the width of the sliding block is slightly smaller than the width of the lower section of the sliding chute and larger than the width of the rectangular opening at the upper part of the sliding chute, and the sliding block is placed in the sliding chute; the auxiliary sliding button is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding block and slightly protrudes out of the shell.
Furthermore, when the wrenching buckle rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the bearing connected with the wrenching buckle drives the auxiliary blade to rotate 90 degrees clockwise, the auxiliary blade is unfolded, when the top end of the wrenching buckle just extrudes the wedge-shaped front end of the sliding block in the resetting device, the top end of the wrenching buckle is rebounded to the lower part of the wedge-shaped tip of the sliding block after resetting by a common spring, and the bearing connected with the wrenching buckle is stressed by the tension force due to the deformation of the internal torsion spring; when the auxiliary sliding button is clockwise shifted to the position where the front end of the wrench buckle is separated from the wedge-shaped front end of the sliding block, the auxiliary blade returns to the initial state under the action of the tension of the torsion spring.
The test method of the combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the number of cutting rings needed by the cutting ring group in the area needing to be sampled according to the sampling depth requirement; the number of the cutting rings is N, and the cutting rings are sequenced from top to bottom: cutting ring 1, cutting ring 2, … and cutting ring N; assemble single cutting ring head and the tail through interior external screw thread, rotatory to tight, then precession formula drill bit dress to cutting ring combination bottom, rotatory to tight, the rotary drill bit is established: cutting ring N + 1; the rotating handle is arranged at the top of the cutting ring combination and is also rotated to be tight, and at the moment, the soil taking device is assembled.
S2, after the assembly is finished, selecting a flat position, and removing dry branches, fallen leaves and weeds on the surface; the precession type drill bit of the soil taking device is opposite to the ground, a handle grip at the top is pressed downwards and rotated forcefully at the same time, the soil taking device is screwed into the soil to a preset depth, and at the moment, a horizontal cut on the side surface of the cutting ring is just level with the surface of the soil; soil around the soil taking device is shoveled by a small soil shovel to be isolated, so that the soil core is conveniently cut by the horizontal cutting device.
S3, preparing two horizontal cutting devices, namely the cutting devices 1 and 2, horizontally cutting the fixed blades of the cutting devices 1 and 2 in the unfolded state respectively through the horizontal cuts on the side surfaces of the cutting ring N and the cutting ring N-1, and forcibly extruding and rotating the cutting devices until the free end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell of the cutting device are contacted, wherein the cutting devices 1 and 2 just surround the cutting ring N and the cutting ring N-1, and simultaneously the linear blades of the fixed blades I and II of the cutting devices 1 and 2 just contact.
S4, if the integrity of the soil body is good, directly firstly rotating and unscrewing the cutting ring N +1, namely horizontally rotating and cutting the soil core at the lower part in the cutting ring N by the fixed blade in the cutting device 1, then rotatably unscrewing the cutting ring N, namely horizontally rotating and cutting the soil core at the lower part in the cutting ring N-1 by the fixed blade in the cutting device 2, and finally completely cleaning the soil core in the cutting ring N into a freshness protection bag, so that a complete soil sample of the Nth depth can be obtained, and corresponding numbering records are made.
S5, cleaning the horizontal cutting device 1, clockwise shifting an auxiliary sliding button in the reset device to enable the horizontal cutting device 1 to recover the unfolded state, horizontally cutting a fixed blade of the horizontal cutting device 1 into the soil core from a horizontal cutting opening of a cutting ring N-2, and forcibly extruding and rotating the cutting device until the free end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell of the cutting device are contacted; finally, screwing off the cutting ring N-1, and completely cleaning the soil core in the cutting ring N-1 into a freshness protection package to obtain a complete soil sample with the depth of N-1; in the same way, complete soil samples of the N-2 th, N-3 th, … th and 1 st cutting ring depth can be obtained from bottom to top in sequence, and corresponding numbering records are made.
S6, if the soil body is loose, the auxiliary cutting blade of the horizontal cutting device is unfolded after the fixed blade of the horizontal cutting device is folded every time, namely the fixed blade and the auxiliary blade completely isolate the soil core between two adjacent ring cutters, then the complete soil sample of loose soil in the depth of each ring cutter can be obtained according to the cutting and soil sampling sequence, and corresponding numbering records are made.
S7, the volume of each obtained soil sample is equal to the volume v of a single cutting ring, and the natural volume weight rho of soil at each depth can be calculated after weighing m through an electronic balance on site;
(ρ＝m/v)g/cm
and taking back the soil to be dried indoors, measuring the water content of the soil and calculating the dry density of the soil at each depth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the device has the advantages of small volume, easy carrying, convenient installation, use and measurement, simple device for combined soil sampling, and complete cutting of the soil sample by skillfully arranging the cutting device, thereby well solving the difficulty of sampling the loose soil body at present and sampling under the condition of small disturbance; meanwhile, the device can measure the volume weight of the soil in multiple depths at one time, and solves the problems that the existing method for collecting and measuring the volume weight of the soil in different depths wastes labor and time, has large occupied area of a digging section and seriously damages the earth surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the soil sampling device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the soil sampling device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a single cutting ring of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the screw drill of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a development view of the internal structure of the horizontal cutting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an internal structural view of the horizontal cutting apparatus in an operating state according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a left side view of the blade assembly of the horizontal cutting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an internal structural view of the horizontal cutting apparatus of the present invention with the subsidiary blades opened.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged top view of the attached blade drive system of the horizontal cutting apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a left side view of the attached blade driving system of the horizontal cutting device of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a left side view structural view of the resetting device of the invention.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the torsion spring according to the present invention.
The explanation of each reference number in the figure is: 11: rotating handle, 111: handle grip, 112: handle vertical bar, 113: handle cap, 12: cutting ring, 121: outer wall of ring cutter, 122: inner wall of cutting ring, 123: internal ring cutter thread, 124: external ring cutter thread, 125: horizontal strip cut, 13: precession drill, 131: helical blade, 132: inner wall of drill, 133: blade, 134: drill external thread, 21: housing upper case, 211: fixed blade i, 212: subsidiary blade i, 22: case lower shell, 221: fixing blades ii, 222: subsidiary blade ii, 23: general leaflet, 24: dependent blade opening system, 241: bearing outer ring, 242: bearing inner ring, 243: torsion spring, 2431: torsion spring embedded bearing inner ring end, 2432: torsion spring embedded bearing outer ring end, 244: toggle, 2441: trip when accessory blade is deployed, 245: resetting means, 2451: slider, 2452: auxiliary slide button, 2453: sliding groove, 245731: rectangular opening at the upper part of the sliding groove, 2454: a common spring.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
The invention discloses a combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer, which comprises a soil taking device and a horizontal cutting device.
The soil sampling device is shown in fig. 1 and 2 and comprises a rotating handle 11, a plurality of groups of cutting rings 12 in threaded connection with the bottom of the rotating handle 11 and a precession type drill bit 13 in threaded connection with the bottom of the last cutting ring 12.
The rotating handle 11 is: the middle part of a handle grip 111 which is transversely arranged is fixedly connected with a handle vertical rod 112, and the bottom of the handle vertical rod 112 is fixedly provided with a handle cap head 113 with internal threads.
As shown in fig. 3, the top of the cutting ring 12 is provided with an external thread 124, the bottom is provided with an internal thread 123, and two groups of horizontal strip-shaped cuts 125 located on the same horizontal plane are arranged on the upper side of the internal thread 123; the plurality of cutting rings 12 are connected end to end through internal and external threads to form cutting ring groups with different heights.
As shown in fig. 4, the screw-in drill 13 has an external thread 134 on the top and a blade 133 on the bottom; the outer wall of the screw drill 13 is provided with a spiral blade 131, and the inner drill wall 132 and the inner ring cutter wall 122 are maintained at the same width.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the upper casing 21 and the lower casing 22 are connected by a common hinge 23, and in a closed state, the horizontal cutting device is in a ring-knife shape, and the inner diameter of the horizontal cutting device is equal to the diameter of the outer wall 121 of the ring knife and is as high as the ring knife 12.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, a fixed blade i 211 is fixedly arranged inside the upper casing 21, and a fixed blade ii 221 is fixedly arranged inside the lower casing 22; the left end of the auxiliary blade I212 is horizontally hinged to the inner side of the cutting device shell upper shell 21 through the bearing outer ring 241 and clings to the upper surface of the fixed blade I211, and the right end of the auxiliary blade II 222 is horizontally hinged to the inner side of the cutting device shell lower shell 22 through the bearing outer ring 241 and clings to the lower surface of the fixed blade II 221.
Further, the bearing outer ring 241 is a part of the accessory blade opening system 24, and as shown in fig. 9 and 12, the accessory blade opening system 24 is provided with a torsion spring 243 between the bearing outer ring 241 and the bearing inner ring 242; the bearing inner ring 242 is fixed, and two extending ends of the torsion spring 243 are respectively embedded and fixed in the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring; the wrench 244 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the bearing outer ring 241 and is used for controlling the rotation of the auxiliary blade; the reset device 245 is used to reset the dependent blade.
Further, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the reset device 245 is disposed inside the housing; the sliding groove 2453 is arranged inside the shell, close to the outer side wall, and is arc-shaped; one end of the common spring 2454 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding groove 2453, and the other end is connected with a sliding block 2451 with a wedge-shaped front end; the width of the slide block 2451 is slightly smaller than the width of the lower section of the chute 2453 and larger than the width of a rectangular opening at the upper part of the chute 2453, and the slide block is placed in the chute 2453; the auxiliary slide button 2452 is fixedly attached to the outside of the slide 2451, slightly protruding from the housing.
Further, when the trigger 244 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the bearing connected with the trigger 244 drives the auxiliary blade to rotate 90 degrees clockwise, the auxiliary blade is unfolded, when the top end of the trigger 244 just pushes the wedge-shaped front end of the slide block 2451 in the reset device 245, the top end of the trigger 244 is rebounded by the common spring 2454 to be buckled at the lower part of the wedge-shaped tip of the reset slide block 2451, and at the moment, the bearing connected with the trigger 244 is under the action of tension force due to the deformation of the internal torsion spring 243; when the auxiliary sliding button 2452 is moved clockwise to disengage the front end of the trigger 244 from the wedge-shaped front end of the slider 2451, the auxiliary blade will return to the original position under the pulling force of the torsion spring 243.
The test method of the combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the number of the cutting rings 12 required by the cutting ring group in the area needing to be sampled according to the sampling depth requirement; the number of the cutting rings is N, and the cutting rings are sequenced from top to bottom: cutting ring 1, cutting ring 2, … and cutting ring N; assemble individual cutting ring 12 head and the tail through interior external screw thread, rotate to tight, then precession formula drill bit 13 dress to cutting ring combination bottom, rotate to tight, rotary drill bit establishes: cutting ring N + 1; the rotating handle 11 is arranged at the top of the cutting ring assembly and is also rotated to be tight, and at the moment, the soil taking device is assembled.
S2, after the assembly is finished, selecting a flat position, and removing dry branches, fallen leaves and weeds on the surface; the precession type drill bit 13 of the soil sampling device is opposite to the ground, the handle grip 111 at the top is pressed downwards and rotated forcefully at the same time, the soil sampling device is screwed into the soil to a preset depth, and at the moment, the horizontal cut 125 on the side surface of the cutting ring 12 is just level with the surface of the soil; soil around the soil taking device is shoveled by a small soil shovel to be isolated, so that the soil core is conveniently cut by the horizontal cutting device.
S3, preparing two horizontal cutting devices, namely the cutting devices 1 and 2, horizontally cutting the fixed blades of the cutting devices 1 and 2 in the unfolded state into horizontal cuts 125 on the side surfaces of the cutting ring N and the cutting ring N-1 in sequence respectively, and forcibly extruding and rotating the cutting devices until the free end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell of the cutting device are contacted, wherein the cutting devices 1 and 2 just surround the cutting ring N and the cutting ring N-1, and simultaneously the linear blades of the fixed blades I and II of the cutting devices 1 and 2 just contact.
S4, if the integrity of the soil body is good, directly firstly rotating and unscrewing the cutting ring N +1, namely horizontally rotating and cutting the soil core at the lower part in the cutting ring N by the fixed blade in the cutting device 1, then rotatably unscrewing the cutting ring N, namely horizontally rotating and cutting the soil core at the lower part in the cutting ring N-1 by the fixed blade in the cutting device 2, and finally completely cleaning the soil core in the cutting ring N into a freshness protection bag, so that a complete soil sample of the Nth depth can be obtained, and corresponding numbering records are made.
S5, cleaning the horizontal cutting device 1, clockwise shifting an auxiliary sliding button 2452 in the reset device to restore the horizontal cutting device 1 to an unfolded state, horizontally cutting a fixed blade of the horizontal cutting device 1 into the soil core from a horizontal cut of a cutting ring N-2, and forcibly extruding and rotating the cutting device until the free end surfaces of the upper and lower shells of the shell of the cutting device are contacted; finally, screwing off the cutting ring N-1, and completely cleaning the soil core in the cutting ring N-1 into a freshness protection package to obtain a complete soil sample with the depth of N-1; in the same way, complete soil samples of the N-2 th, N-3 th, … th and 1 st cutting ring depth can be obtained from bottom to top in sequence, and corresponding numbering records are made.
S6, if the soil body is loose, the auxiliary cutting blade of the horizontal cutting device is unfolded after the fixed blade of the horizontal cutting device is folded every time, namely the fixed blade and the auxiliary blade completely isolate the soil core between two adjacent ring cutters 12, then the complete soil sample of loose soil in each ring cutter depth can be obtained according to the cutting and soil taking sequence, and corresponding numbering records are made.
S7, the volume of each obtained soil sample is equal to the volume v of a single cutting ring 12, and the natural volume weight rho of soil at each depth can be calculated after weighing m through an electronic balance on site;
(ρ＝m/v)g/cm
and taking back the soil to be dried indoors, measuring the water content of the soil and calculating the dry density of the soil at each depth.
Claims (5)
1. A combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer is characterized by comprising a soil taking device and a horizontal cutting device;
the soil sampling device comprises a rotating handle (11), a plurality of groups of cutting rings (12) in threaded connection with the bottom of the rotating handle (11) and a precession type drill bit (13) in threaded connection with the bottom of the last cutting ring (12);
the rotating handle (11) is: the middle part of a handle (111) which is transversely arranged is fixedly connected with a handle vertical rod (112), and the bottom of the handle vertical rod (112) is fixedly provided with a handle cap head (113) with internal threads;
the top of the cutting ring (12) is provided with a cutting ring external thread (124), the bottom of the cutting ring is provided with a cutting ring internal thread (123), and the upper side of the cutting ring internal thread (123) is provided with two groups of horizontal strip-shaped cuts (125) which are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the cutting ring groups with different heights are formed by connecting the plurality of cutting rings (12) end to end through internal and external threads;
the top of the precession type drill bit (13) is provided with a drill bit external thread (134), and the bottom is provided with a cutting edge (133); the outer wall of the precession type drill bit (13) is provided with a spiral blade (131), and the inner wall (132) of the drill bit and the inner wall (122) of the cutting ring keep the same width;
the horizontal cutting device is as follows: the upper shell (21) and the lower shell (22) are connected through a common hinge (23), and are in a ring cutter shape in a folding state, the inner diameter of the upper shell is equal to the diameter of the outer wall (121) of the ring cutter, and the upper shell and the lower shell are as high as the ring cutter (12);
a fixed blade I (211) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the upper shell (21) of the shell, and a fixed blade II (221) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the lower shell (22) of the shell; the left end of the auxiliary blade I (212) is horizontally hinged to the inner side of the cutting device shell upper shell (21) through a bearing outer ring (241) and clings to the upper surface of the fixed blade I (211), and the right end of the auxiliary blade II (222) is horizontally hinged to the inner side of the cutting device shell lower shell (22) through the bearing outer ring (241) and clings to the lower surface of the fixed blade II (221).
2. A combined multi-depth soil volumetric load measurer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing outer ring (241) is part of an accessory blade opening system (24), a torsion spring (243) being provided between the bearing outer ring (241) and the bearing inner ring (242) in the accessory blade opening system (24); the bearing inner ring (242) is fixed, and two extending ends of the torsion spring (243) are respectively embedded and fixed in the bearing inner ring and the bearing outer ring; the wrench (244) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the bearing outer ring (241) and used for controlling the rotation of the auxiliary blade; a reset device (245) is used to reset the secondary blade.
3. A combined multi-depth soil volumetric load measurer according to claim 2, characterized in that the resetting means (245) is arranged inside the casing; the sliding groove (2453) is arranged in the shell, is close to the outer side wall and is arc-shaped; one end of a common spring (2454) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding groove (2453), and the other end is connected with a sliding block (2451) with a wedge-shaped front end; the width of the sliding block (2451) is slightly smaller than the width of the lower section of the chute (2453) and larger than the width of the rectangular opening at the upper part of the chute (2453), and the sliding block is placed in the chute (2453); the auxiliary sliding button (2452) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the sliding block (2451) and slightly protrudes out of the shell.
4. The combined type multi-depth soil volume weight measurer according to claim 3, characterized in that when the wrenching buckle (244) rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the bearing connected with the wrenching buckle (244) drives the auxiliary blade to rotate 90 degrees clockwise, the auxiliary blade is unfolded, when the top end of the wrenching buckle (244) just pushes the wedge-shaped front end of the sliding block (2451) in the resetting device (245), the top end of the wrenching buckle (244) is rebounded by the common spring (2454) to be buckled at the lower part of the wedge-shaped tip of the resetting sliding block (2451), and at the moment, the bearing connected with the wrenching buckle (244) is tensioned due to the deformation of the internal torsion spring (243); when the auxiliary sliding button (2452) is clockwise shifted to the position where the front end of the trigger (244) is separated from the wedge-shaped front end of the slide block (2451), the auxiliary blade returns to the initial state under the pulling force of the torsion spring (243).
5. A test method of a combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining the number of the cutting rings (12) required by the cutting ring group in the area needing to be sampled according to the sampling depth requirement; the number of the cutting rings is N, and the cutting rings are sequenced from top to bottom: cutting ring 1, cutting ring 2, … and cutting ring N; assemble through interior external screw thread with single cutting ring (12) head and the tail, rotatory to tight, then precession formula drill bit (13) dress to cutting ring combination bottom, rotatory to tight, the rotary drill bit is established: cutting ring N + 1; a rotating handle (11) is arranged at the top of the cutting ring combination and is rotated to be tight in the same way, and at the moment, the soil taking device is assembled;
s2, after the assembly is finished, selecting a flat position, and removing dry branches, fallen leaves and weeds on the surface; the precession type drill bit (13) of the soil taking device is opposite to the ground, a handle grip (111) at the top is pressed downwards and rotated forcefully at the same time, the soil taking device is screwed into the soil to a preset depth, and at the moment, a horizontal notch (125) at the side surface of the cutting ring (12) is just level with the surface of the soil; soil around the soil taking device is shoveled by a small soil shovel to be isolated, so that the soil core is conveniently cut by the horizontal cutting device;
s3, preparing two horizontal cutting devices, namely cutting devices 1 and 2, horizontally cutting in the fixed blades of the cutting devices 1 and 2 in the unfolded state respectively from horizontal cuts (125) on the side surfaces of a cutting ring N and a cutting ring N-1, and forcibly extruding and rotating the cutting devices until the free end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell of the cutting device are contacted, wherein the cutting devices 1 and 2 just surround the cutting ring N and the cutting ring N-1, and simultaneously the linear blades of the fixed blades I and II of the cutting devices 1 and 2 just contact;
s4, if the integrity of the soil body is good, directly firstly, rotating and unscrewing a cutting ring N +1, namely horizontally rotating and cutting a soil core at the lower part in the cutting ring N by a fixed blade in a cutting device 1, then, rotatably and unscrewing the cutting ring N, namely horizontally rotating and cutting the soil core at the lower part in the cutting ring N-1 by the fixed blade in a cutting device 2, and finally, completely cleaning the soil core in the cutting ring N into a freshness protection bag, so that a complete soil sample of the Nth depth can be obtained, and corresponding numbering records are made;
s5, cleaning the horizontal cutting device 1, clockwise shifting an auxiliary sliding button (2452) in the reset device to restore the horizontal cutting device 1 to an unfolded state, horizontally cutting a fixed blade of the horizontal cutting device 1 into the soil core from a horizontal cutting opening of a cutting ring N-2, and forcibly extruding and rotating the cutting device until the free end surfaces of the upper shell and the lower shell of the cutting device are contacted; finally, screwing off the cutting ring N-1, and completely cleaning the soil core in the cutting ring N-1 into a freshness protection package to obtain a complete soil sample with the depth of N-1; in the same way, complete soil samples of the N-2 th, N-3 th, … th and 1 st cutting ring depth can be obtained from bottom to top in sequence, and corresponding numbering records are made;
s6, if the soil body is loose, unfolding the auxiliary cutting blade of the horizontal cutting device after the fixed blade of the horizontal cutting device is folded every time, namely the fixed blade and the auxiliary blade completely isolate the soil core between two adjacent ring cutters (12), then obtaining complete soil samples of loose soil in the depth of each ring cutter according to the cutting and soil sampling sequence, and making corresponding numbering records;
s7, the volume of each obtained soil sample is equal to the volume v of a single cutting ring (12), and the natural volume weight rho of soil at each depth can be calculated after weighing m through an electronic balance on site;
(ρ＝m/v)g/cm
and taking back the soil to be dried indoors, measuring the water content of the soil and calculating the dry density of the soil at each depth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110608.XA CN112683731A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and test method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110608.XA CN112683731A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and test method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112683731A true CN112683731A (en) | 2021-04-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110110608.XA Pending CN112683731A (en) | 2021-01-27 | 2021-01-27 | Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer and test method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114459801A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-10 | 铜陵学院 | Engineering geological exploration soil layer rapid sampling device and sampling method |
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| WO2019033467A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | 刘学浩 | Range-adjustable dual-ring infiltration apparatus and in-situ testing method for soil permeability coefficient |
| CN214622175U (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer |
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| GB1313818A (en) * | 1971-10-26 | 1973-04-18 | Rautenkranz Int Hermann | Soil-sampling device |
| US4534231A (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1985-08-13 | Mats Jonsson | Method and device for taking soil samples |
| CN1609583A (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2005-04-27 | 西北农林科技大学 | Support rotating undisturbed soil sampling device |
| JP2006322175A (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2006-11-30 | Sumitomo Forestry Co Ltd | Sampler for soil sample |
| US20130039703A1 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2013-02-14 | Leonardo Mohamed | Multifunctional Screw Drill and Reaming Device |
| CN204064709U (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-12-31 | 李子双 | The multi-level cutting ring formula of a kind of many soil properties fetches earth earth boring auger |
| CN106226123A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2016-12-14 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of great burying soil sampling apparatus |
| CN106501302A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-03-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of great burying soil swelling coefficient measuring method and system |
| WO2019033467A1 (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2019-02-21 | 刘学浩 | Range-adjustable dual-ring infiltration apparatus and in-situ testing method for soil permeability coefficient |
| CN214622175U (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-11-05 | 山东理工大学 | Combined multi-depth soil volume weight measurer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114459801A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-10 | 铜陵学院 | Engineering geological exploration soil layer rapid sampling device and sampling method |
| CN114459801B (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2023-05-02 | 铜陵学院 | Rapid sampling device and sampling method for engineering geological survey soil layer |
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